IranIran

IranIran

Originally known as “Persia”Originally known as “Persia” In 1925 the Dynasty that will be known as In 1925 the Dynasty that will be known as

the Pahlavi Dynasty starts with the reign the Pahlavi Dynasty starts with the reign of Reza Khanof Reza Khan

During World War II Iran remained During World War II Iran remained officially neutral but…..officially neutral but…..

Reza Khan is removed and his son Reza Khan is removed and his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi is made the new Mohammad Reza Pahlavi is made the new “Shah” or King of Iran“Shah” or King of Iran

His FatherHis Father

Reza KhanReza Khan

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi-The Mohammad Reza Pahlavi-The “Shah”“Shah”

Post World War IIPost World War II The Shah wants to modernize his country, make it The Shah wants to modernize his country, make it

more westernmore western Soviet attempt on his lifeSoviet attempt on his life Fearing for his kingdom and his own authority as Fearing for his kingdom and his own authority as

Shah of Iran, the King expands his powerShah of Iran, the King expands his power There is democracy is in IranThere is democracy is in Iran Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh does not Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh does not

like the Shah’s expansion of power OR the British like the Shah’s expansion of power OR the British control of Iranian oil fields. THEY ARE OURS!control of Iranian oil fields. THEY ARE OURS!

The British, as a colonial power, used these oil The British, as a colonial power, used these oil fields however they wanted. fields however they wanted.

Mohammad MossadeghMohammad Mossadegh

Truman and MossadeghTruman and Mossadegh

NATIONALISM!NATIONALISM!

NationalismNationalism Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh does not Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh does not

like the Shah’s expansion of power OR the British like the Shah’s expansion of power OR the British control of Iranian oil fields. THEY ARE OURS!control of Iranian oil fields. THEY ARE OURS!

The British, as a colonial power, used these oil The British, as a colonial power, used these oil fields however they wanted. fields however they wanted.

Prime Minister Mossadegh, elected by the people, Prime Minister Mossadegh, elected by the people, attempts to nationalize the oil fields-take them attempts to nationalize the oil fields-take them away from the British.away from the British.

The Shah said NO! And removes Mossadegh from The Shah said NO! And removes Mossadegh from Power, Mossadegh regains powerPower, Mossadegh regains power

The Shah leaves IranThe Shah leaves Iran

HELP!!!HELP!!!

USA to the Rescue!USA to the Rescue!

Great Britain asks President Great Britain asks President Eisenhower to have the CIA Eisenhower to have the CIA overthrow (coup) Mossadeghoverthrow (coup) Mossadegh

Operation AJAXOperation AJAX The Mossadegh is overthrown and The Mossadegh is overthrown and

put under house arrestput under house arrest The Shah returns and grabs even The Shah returns and grabs even

GREATER power. “I must keep my GREATER power. “I must keep my country safe!”country safe!”

SAVAKSAVAK

کDشوAر DتA امنی Aو اطالعات DمانDر سازAشوDک DتA امنی Aو اطالعات DمانDساز Organization of Intelligence and Organization of Intelligence and

National SecurityNational Security The SHAH would closely monitor The SHAH would closely monitor

political opponents with this political opponents with this organization. Punish, torture, organization. Punish, torture, imprison, fill in the blanksimprison, fill in the blanks

The White RevolutionThe White Revolution Attempt to modernize, Westernize all of Attempt to modernize, Westernize all of

IranIran MANY of the people opposed these MANY of the people opposed these

modernizations, including Ayatollah modernizations, including Ayatollah KhomeiniKhomeini

Many of the policies were antagonistic Many of the policies were antagonistic towards Muslims, although the Shah was towards Muslims, although the Shah was Islamic and all IraniansIslamic and all Iranians

Protests and riots are widespread. SAVAK Protests and riots are widespread. SAVAK arrests and (fill in the blank) dissidents.arrests and (fill in the blank) dissidents.

By 1979 the Shah gets out of Iran and the By 1979 the Shah gets out of Iran and the exiled Khomeini returns as a heroexiled Khomeini returns as a hero

KhomeiniKhomeini

Islamic Republic of IranIslamic Republic of Iran