ir-4 biopesticide grants cover pageir4.rutgers.edu/biopesticides/proposals/17a.pdf · plant top...

IR-4 BIOPESTICIDE GRANTS COVER PAGE

2014

Proposal Number(For IR-4 Use): Principal Investigator: Mengmeng Gu Co-PI: Kevin Ong

Proposal Title: Determine the efficacy of biofungicides for control of downy mildew in basil Institution: Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service Total dollars Requested (Year 1 only)

Enter each biopesticide /crop/ pest combination No. Biopesticide and/or

Conventional Product TRADE Name

Active Ingredient

Crop Pest (Weeds, Diseases, Insects)

1 Quadris Azoxystrobin Basil Post-inoculation 2 ProPhyte Potassium phosphite Basil Pre-inoculation 3 MilStop Potassium bicarbonate

Basil Pre-inoculation 4 CEASE QST 713 strain of Bacillus

subtillis

Basil Pre-inoculation

5 PERpose Plus Hydrogen peroxide/ Hydrogen dioxide

Basil Pre-inoculation

6 SuffOil-X Petroleum-based oil Basil Pre-inoculation 7 BW127N citric acid + lactic acid from

Lactobacillus casei Basil Pre-inoculation

8 BW130N Garlic-based product Basil Pre-inoculation 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

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Biopesticide Grants Contact Information Form

Proposal Title: Determine the efficacy of biofungicides for control of downy mildew in basil

Name

Address

Phone Number &

Fax Number

E-mail Address

Street

City/State

Zip+4

Project Director (Principal Investigator): Mengmeng Gu

2134 TAMU College Station, TX

77843-2134 Tel. 979.845.8567 Fax 979.845.8906

[email protected]

Administrative Contact: Karin Wallace


77843-2134 Tel. 979.845.8565 Fax 979.845.8906

[email protected]

Financial Grant Officer: Sherry Havard


77843-3578 Tel. 979.845.8640 |Fax 979.862.3250

[email protected]

Authorized Grant Official: Jane Zuber


77843-3578 Tel. 979.845.0434 |Fax 979.862.3250

[email protected]

Individual Responsible for Invoicing: Sherry Havard


77843-3578 Tel. 979.845.8615 Fax 979.862.3250

[email protected]

NOTE: THIS IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. THIS IS NOT MEANT TO BE SIGNED. DO NOT DELAY SUBMITTING YOUR PROPOSAL BY ATTEMPTING TO GET THIS SIGNED. THIS IS NOT MEANT AS A REPLACEMENT FOR ANY INSTITUTIONAL APPROVAL PAGES.

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mailto:[email protected]



I. Grant Stage What is the grant Stage to which you are applying? Early or Advanced

(Check appropriate line)

x Early – Biopesticide not yet registered and has not completed the Tier I toxicology data requirements.

Advanced – the biopesticide is registered or at least has completed the Tier I toxicology data requirements.

If you are applying for any Advanced Stage Proposal, and the product is not currently registered with EPA, provide a list of the toxicology work that has been completed. Ask registrant or have company provide information to IR-4.

II. Introduction (Limit 1 page) Include the objective, description of the pest problem and justification.

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), marketed both fresh and dried, is probably the most important culinary herb crop in the United States. Over the past decade, fresh basil production by US farmers has risen significantly due to increasing demand, and the US basil production is estimated at more than 22,500 tons on 3,180 acres, accounting for a total of $300 million in cash value. Basil downy mildew, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Peronospora belbahrii, spread worldwide in the past 10 years, and has recently inundated the U.S. Downy mildew has been recognized as one of the most destructive plant pathogens in commercial agriculture. Basil downy mildew has highly specialized association with basil, specialized spore structures for wind dispersal and long-distance transport, and high potential for mutation and genetic variation. In addition, basil downy mildew can be seed-borne. Over two thirds of total production areas were affected by basil downy mildew. Basil downy mildew is favored by mild temperatures and high humidity or wet conditions. Poor air circulation and extended leaf wetness encourage occurrence and rapid development of the disease. Basil has become a very popular landscape plant with the ‘edible landscape’ movement, and in many areas of Texas, basil could overwinter or re-seed itself. Basil downy mildew has been identified in commercial production in Texas, and high humidity in East Texas is very favorable for basil downy mildew. It will likely occur in Texas every year. The initial symptom is a vein-bounded yellowing of the leaf tissue on the adaxial leaf surface. On the abaxial side, gray to blackish sporulation can be discerned under humid conditions. It affects both field and greenhouse productions, and could result in 100% crop loss. For organic production, OxiDate (hydrogen dioxide), Coppers (copper hydroxide), Actinovate (Steptomyces lydicus WYEC 108) are labeled for basil downy mildew. Organic treatments alone were not effective in some trials. For non-organic production, ProPhyte (potassium phophite), K-Phite (mono- and di-potassium salts of phosphorous acid) and Quadris (azoxystrobin) are registered. Revus (mandipropamid), Presidio (fluopicolide), Ranman (cyazofamid), Forum (dimethomorph), Tanos (Famoxadone), Gavel (zinc ion and manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate), Ridomil Gold (mefenoxam) and Chlorothalonil are not labeled for basil downy mildew, but have demonstrated effectiveness.

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Resistance management is a vital component of basil production when pathogen such as Peronospora belbahrii with high potential for mutation and genetic variation is the target. A key component of resistance management is integrating biofungicide into the disease management program. Prevention should be another key component in basil downy mildew management, as the disease is present in Texas and many other states, and it could be spread by wind, infested seeds and plant materials. The proposed research is designed to evaluate biofungicides alone and in rotation with conventional fungicides to optimize the efficacy of biofungicides for controlling basil downy mildew. The objective of this proposed research is to define fungicide programs using both bio- and conventional fungicides that will be beneficial to manage basil down mildew. References: Mersha, Z. S. Zhang, and R.N. Raid. 2012. Evaluation of systemic acquired resistance inducers for control of downy mildew on basil. Crop Protection 40:83-90. Mersha, Z. S. Zhang, Y. Fu, X. Mo, R.N. Raid, and B. Hau. 2013. Efficacy of acibenzolar-S-Methyl and –aminobutyric acid for control of downy mildew in greenhouse grown basil and peroxidase activity in response to treatment with these compounds. Crop Protection 40:83-90. III. Experimental Plan (Please limit this section to 10 pages)

1. Provide a numerical list of all treatments including the products(Trade names and

active ingredients, rate (units), application timing, etc. A majority of the treatments must be biopesticides (see http://ir4.rutgers.edu/Biopesticides/LabelDatabase/index.cfm). If you are not sure, ask.

No. Biopesticide and/or Conventional Product TRADE Name

Active Ingredient

Rate Timing/method

1 Quadris Azoxystrobin 10 oz./A Post-inoc./Weekly 2 ProPhyte Potassium phosphite 3 pt/A Pre-inoc. /Weekly 3 MilStop Potassium bicarbonate

7 g/gal Pre-inoc. /Weekly 4 CEASE QST 713 strain of Bacillus

subtillis

1.9 oz/gal Pre-inoc. /Weekly

5 PERpose Plus Hydrogen peroxide/ Hydrogen dioxide

1.5 oz/gal Pre-inoc. /Weekly

6 SuffOil-X Petroleum-based oil 1.5% Pre-inoc. /Weekly 7 BW127N citric acid + lactic acid from

Lactobacillus casei 2% Pre-inoc. /Weekly

8 BW130N Garlic-based product 1.5% Pre-inoc. /Weekly 9 BW127N+MilStop (T*)

Pre-inoc. /Weekly 10 BW130N+MilStop (T)

Pre-inoc. /Weekly 11 BW127N+BW130N (T)

Pre-inoc. /Weekly

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12 BW127N +CEASE (T)

Pre-inoc. /Weekly 13 BW130N +CEASE (T) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 14 ProPhyte +Quadris (R*) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 15 MilStop +Quadris (R) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 16 CEASE+Quadris (R) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 17 PERpose Plus +Quadris

(R) Pre-inoc. /Weekly

18 SuffOil-X+Quadris (R) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 19 BW127N +Quadris (R) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 20 BW130N +Quadris (R) Pre-inoc. /Weekly 21 Inoculated control

Note: T= tank mix； R=rotation. Chemicals in Treatment 9-20 will have the application rate as the corresponding chemical in Treatment 1—8. The rationale behind the experimental plan outlined above is based on literature review, anecdotal notes from growers and our own preliminary trial. Quadris and ProPhyte are two conventional options for non-organic growers while MilStop, CEASE, PERpose Plus and SuffOil-X are OMRI-listed. The list of treatments include biofungicides alone, in tank mix or rotation with the other biofungicides and conventional fungicide (Quadris), to thoroughly test their efficacy against basil downy mildew. 2. What crops or sites will this study be conducted on? Basil. 3. What experimental design will be utilized? (Such as Randomized Complete Block. Will there be a complete factorial arrangement of treatments? Also include plot size, statistical tests, etc. Please see section Treatment lists and design of biopesticide studies on page 40). Note: EPA requires an Experimental Use Permit if the total treated area is above 10 acres. It may also require destruction of a food crop if there is no existing tolerance. Please document the existence of an EUP if applicable. The study will be arranged in a randomized complete block design with 10 replicates per treatment. Treatment means will be compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). If means are significantly different, Fisher’s protected least significant difference test at P = 0.05 will be used for separation. 4. How many locations (field or greenhouse)? How many replications?

The study will be conducted in one greenhouse. Each treatment will be replicated 10 times.

5. Describe how this proposal is designed to provide information on how it fits into an integrated pest management program. (Note: We favor proposals that determine the utility of biopesticides as early season treatments or in rotation with conventional products, rather than only a direct comparison of conventional products versus Biopesticides). Please see section: Treatment lists and design of biopesticide studies begin on page 40. Keep in mind that the data need to be sufficient to determine the value of the biopesticide product to the pest control

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program. Biofungicides have the potential to control basil downy mildew, but more studies need to be conducted to determine optimal timing and application intervals as demonstrated in our preliminary study (Appendix 3). However, the perception growers have concerning biofungicides is that they are not always as effective as conventional fungicides. This proposed study intends to support the efficacy of single biofungicide applications, alternated with biofungicides or conventional fungicides, or in tank mixes with biofungicides starting when transplants are potted to control basil downy mildew.

Biofungicides incorporated into a fungicide program should provide the same level of control for basil downy mildew as management programs consisting of only a conventional fungicide. The approaches in this proposed study utilizing biofungicides will reduce the environmental impact of conventional fungicide use and at the same time fit well in resistance management programs when targeting Peronospora belbahrii.

6. Data collection – (Describe what data will be collected such as crop yields, crop quality, etc. If visual efficacy evaluations will be collected, describe the rating scale used and the evaluation timings).

Data will be collected every seven days after each treatment (DAT) on overall plant quality in terms of disease severity, phytotoxicity and plant growth. Disease severity will be rated on a visual scale of 1 to 7 where 1 is the ‘best’ and 7 is “affected” as indicated in the pictures (Appendix 3). Different from the preliminary trial, symptoms of acute phytotoxicity if any (chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, leaf distortion, etc.) will be rated separately on a scale of 1 to 7 where 1 is a plant without any phtotoxicity symptoms. The chronic impact from Peronospora belbahrii will be determined using relative plant growth compared to the uninoculated control plant and determined by the plant top growth indexes (PTGI) using the formula:

PTGI = height × ((wd1 + wd2) ÷ 2))

7. Describe the pests to be controlled, the degree to which they are a problem in your state or region and the frequency that they occur (season long problem, every year, every few years).

The target fungus is Peronospora belbahrii. It causes basil downy mildew, a devastating foliar disease for basil, and was first discovered in the U.S. in South Florida in 2007. Since then it has spread to about 30 states. It was first detected in Texas in 2011, and has been found in both fresh-cut basil wholesale greenhouse operation and retailer, causing significant financial damages.

8. Will the crop be inoculated with the target pest or otherwise be brought into the test system to ensure that it will be available for evaluation? If not, describe the frequency of occurrence.

Basil leaves with profuse sporulation of P. belbahrii will be collected and maintained in a moist chamber overnight. Sporangia will be gently washed off the leaves into sterile distilled water, filtered through four layers of cheesecloth, and the sporangial concentration will be determined using a haemocytometer under a microscope. The sporangial concentration used in greenhouse experiments will vary from 1.0 x 103 to 2.0 x 103 per ml depending on the prevailing weather condition during each experiment. Plants in each pot will be inoculated in the air-conditioned

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greenhouse by spraying the sporangial suspension onto both sides of the leaf surfaces until runoff.

9. What is the proposed start date and completion date? Also describe this in chronological order in the context of the experimental plan.

Basil transplants will be available beginning March 2014. The study will conclude 10 to 12 weeks after the initial treatment applications. The proposed starting date for this experiment is March 2014 and expected completion date is October 2014.

• March 2014 – Basil transplants potted in 6” containers; apply (bio)fungicide when plant roots reach to containers; after 1 week, inoculate basil plants with downy mildew;

• March 2014 to June 2014 –Data will be collected every 7 days after (bio)fungicide application on overall plant quality (disease severity), phytotoxicity and plant growth; subsequent applications will be applied as per the experimental plan

• July 2014 to September 2014 – Data analysis and preparation of report • December 2014 - Final report submitted to IR-4

10. Describe the test facilities where these studies will be conducted. The study will be conducted under glasshouse conditions at Texas A&M University campus at College Station, TX. The temperatures and humidity in glasshouse will be controlled by controllers.

11 Budget: Provide an itemized budget, with categories such as labor, supplies, travel, etc. Provide a grand total. Note: Overhead costs are not permitted. Funding is only awarded on a per year basis, if this is a multiple year proposal, divide the budget for each year. Also include a list of support from the registrant and/or other sources. Provide information on other sources of monetary support and in-kind contributions from growers (land, plant material, etc).

Personnel: Salary will cover the cost of two part-time workers (0.5 FTE) for 20 weeks. The duties will include establishing the trial, basil management, inoculum production, biological and conventional fungicide applications, data collection, data entry and analysis. $9,600 = ($12/hr x 20 wk x 20 hr/wk) x 2; fringe benefits (10% of direct salaries & wages): $9,600 *10% = $960. Travel: $500 will cover mileage to growers’ sites to obtain basil downy mildew samples for inoculation if needed. Materials and supplies: $3,000 will cover the costs of plants, pots, potting mix, fertilizer, and other incidentals associated with greenhouse floriculture management. Publication: $1,000 will cover the cost of a scientific publications associated with this project. Total Direct Costs $15,060. 12. Describe why this product is needed and why growers are likely to use this product. (Also list alternative conventional and alternative biopesticide treatments)

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The biofungicides to be evaluated in this study have low toxicity to non-target organisms, and have low potential for negative impacts on the environment. They have a narrow spectrum and can be an effective alternative for rotation to prevent the development of resistance of conventional fungicides, including azoxystrobin. Anecdotal evidence from growers has shown effective control of basil downy mildew using tank mix of PERpose Plus + SuffOil-X, tank mix or in rotation of PERpose Plus + CEASE and CEASE + MilStop. BW 127N, BW 130N, and SuffOil-X products are not registered with US EPA to use on herbs. This evaluation will demonstrate their efficacy to further substantiate their value in basil downy mildew control. The experimental plan includes these products alone, in rotation with, and tank-mixed in foliar applications. The industry standard, Quadris, is quite effective for downy mildew control, however the active ingredient, azoxystrobin, has the propensity to induce fungicide resistance if solely depended upon. Many basil (and other herb) growers are organic growers, and will utilize products that are shown to be effective for disease control, especially biofungicides. They are aware of fungicide resistance but may not be embracing programs for resistance management that incorporate biological fungicides because they have not been “proven”. The proposed study will provide experimental documentation for growers to consider in future disease management programs targeting basil downy mildew.

Note: See appendix for attachment of additional information.

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Appendix 1 PCR Forms. Please fill out the attached Project Clearance Request Form for each biopesticide/crop combination involved in your proposal. (Not needed for Demonstration Stage Proposals).

See Attachment. Appendix 2

Labels – Supply the label or the proposed label of the biopesticide(s) to be evaluated. (Note: Labels of conventional products are not needed.).


Supporting preliminary data (Attach tables, graphs of the current data that coincide with the proposed use. Please include complete efficacy reports and do not only list literature citations. If appropriate, attach the full copy of actual literature. Summarize the significance of the efficacy data. In order to compare your proposed list of treatments to the data make sure the products are identified in the same way or if the names of the products are different, provide a key to all the names so that they can be compared directly. Do not assume the reviewers know which code names or active ingredients match with a given trade name. Avoid color graphs or any low quality graphics that do not copy well in black and white copies. Note: Proposals without supporting data are less likely to be funded.


Attach resume for Principal Investigator and Co-PI’s. Please limit the size of resumes to 3 pages. Please do not submit an exhaustive list of publications. Only those showing experience with the crop and pest in the proposal and any experience with biopesticides.


If you were funded last year, submit a progress or final report. This must be submitted regardless of whether or not the current proposal is related to the previous one.

NA. Appendix 6

Registrant support. Please submit your proposal to the registrant and request the registrant or potential registrant fill out the registrant questionnaire form and submit this to IR-4. Letters of support from the registrant as well as grower or commodity groups are encouraged.

Sent from BioWorks, Inc. directly.

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Appendix 1—Registrant Questionnaire Please fill out the first page of this form for each crop/biopesticide combination and send to the registrant.

Registrant please return to IR-4 Project Headquarters, Michael Braverman, Biopesticide and Organic Support Program Manager, 500 College Road East; Suite 201 W; Princeton, NJ 08540-6635, Tel: (732) 932-9575 ext. 4610, Fax: (609) 514-2612, [email protected]

Principal Investigator: _ Drs. Mengmeng Gu (PI) and Kevin Ong (Co-PI)

Address: 225 HFSB TAMU 2134 College Station, TX 77843

Telephone: 979-845-8567


Registrant name and address:

______________________________________________________________ Product Name: Active Ingredient:

Trade Name:

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The following section is to be completed by the Biopesticide Registrant. The PCR form is to be completed by the researcher for Early and Advanced Stage Proposals (Due Oct. 21, 2013 )

1) Is this product EPA registered through BPPD? Yes No

Is this use covered by your current label? Yes No If this product is not yet registered with EPA, describe where you are at in collecting the toxicology data or Stage of the registration process. If this project was previously funded, describe how the registration status has changed since last year.

Is label and toxicology work currently limiting product only to non-food uses?

2) Assuming the efficacy data are favorable, what is the likelihood that this use will be added

to your label? 3) Considering the use rate(s), what is considered to be the farm-level cost for the treatment in

$/acre? 4) How would you rank the importance of the proposed use compared to other potential uses?

5) If you are only considered a potential registrant (do not currently own rights to the product),

rank your degree of interest in this product. 6) Were you involved or consulted in the development of the treatments or proposal?

7) What financial support are you planning on providing, if any?

Name of Registrant representative Date

Title Other comments – Please attach a letter of support for this project by October 21, 2013

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FOR OFFICE USE ONLY Date: Cat: PR#:

IR-4 Minor Use Biopesticide (*Required Fields) Project Clearance Request (PCR) Form

1. *Requestor: Mengmeng Gu Affiliation: Texas A&M AgriLife

*Address: 225 HFSB TAMU 2134 *City: College Station *State/Territory: TX *Zip: 77843 *Telephone: ( 979 ) 845-8567 FAX: (979)845-8906 *E-mail address: [email protected]

2. *Pest Control Product (Active Ingredient {a.i.}): Potassium bicarbonate

*Trade Name/Formulation: MilStop Registrant (manufacturer): BioWorks, Inc. Method of Production (Fermentation, in vivo, extraction from plants):

3. *Commodity (one crop or crop group per form): Basil

*Use Site (e.g., field, greenhouse, post-harvest): greenhouse Parts Consumed: Animal Feed By-Products: Yes No Planting Season: Spring Harvest Season: State/Territory Acreage: % National: Average Field Size:

4. Insect/Disease/Weed: Downy mildew

Damage caused by pest: Peronospora belbahrii 5. *Why is this use needed?: alternative for conventional fungicides; resistant mgmt

6. *Proposed Label Instructions

*Rate per Application (lbs a.i. per acre or 1000 linear ft): 5 lb/(up to 1 acre) Type of sprayers that may be used (e.g., fixed wing, ground boom sprayer, chemigation, air blast, ULV, granular spreader): Range of Spray Volume (if applicable): Maximum Acreage Treated per Day:

*Crop Stage during Application(s): pre-harvest *Maximum no. of applications: 10 Minimum interval betw. applications: 1 week

Maximum lbs active ingredient per acre per year/season: *PHI: NA 7. *Availability of Supporting Data1: *Phytotoxicity(P) NA *Efficacy(E) *Yield(Y)

1Supporting data may be required before a residue study will be initiated.

8. *Submitted By (print name): Mengmeng Gu *Signature: Mengmeng Gu *Date: 12/09/2013

Send this completed form to: IR-4 Project Headquarters, 500 College Road East; Suite 201 W; Princeton, NJ

08540-6635; Telephone (732)932-9575 ext 4610 (Michael Braverman) FAX (609) 514-2612

or e-mail: [email protected]

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1. *Requestor: Mengmeng Gu Affiliation: Texas A&M AgriLife *Address: 225 HFSB TAMU 2134 *City: College Station *State/Territory: TX *Zip: 77843 *Telephone: ( 979 ) 845-8567 FAX: (979)845-8906 *E-mail address: [email protected]

2. *Pest Control Product (Active Ingredient {a.i.}): QST 713 strain of Bacillus subtillis

*Trade Name/Formulation: CEASE Registrant (manufacturer): BioWorks, Inc Method of Production (Fermentation, in vivo, extraction from plants):






*Rate per Application (lbs a.i. per acre or 1000 linear ft): 3-6 qt/100 gallon Type of sprayers that may be used (e.g., fixed wing, ground boom sprayer, chemigation, air blast, ULV, granular spreader): Range of Spray Volume (if applicable): Maximum Acreage Treated per Day:








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2. *Pest Control Product (Active Ingredient {a.i.}):Hydrogen peroxide/hydrogen dioxide

*Trade Name/Formulation: PERpose Plus Registrant (manufacturer): BioWorks, Inc Method of Production (Fermentation, in vivo, extraction from plants):


*Use Site (e.g., field, greenhouse, post-harvest): greenhosue Parts Consumed: Animal Feed By-Products: Yes No Planting Season: Spring Harvest Season: State/Territory Acreage: % National: Average Field Size:




*Rate per Application (lbs a.i. per acre or 1000 linear ft): 1.5 oz/gallon Type of sprayers that may be used (e.g., fixed wing, ground boom sprayer, chemigation, air blast, ULV, granular spreader): Range of Spray Volume (if applicable): Maximum Acreage Treated per Day:








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2. *Pest Control Product (Active Ingredient {a.i.}): petroleum-based oil

*Trade Name/Formulation: SuffOil-X Registrant (manufacturer): BioWorks, Inc. Method of Production (Fermentation, in vivo, extraction from plants):






*Rate per Application (lbs a.i. per acre or 1000 linear ft): 1.5% Type of sprayers that may be used (e.g., fixed wing, ground boom sprayer, chemigation, air blast, ULV, granular spreader): Range of Spray Volume (if applicable): Maximum Acreage Treated per Day:








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2. *Pest Control Product (Active Ingredient {a.i.}): citric acid + lactic acid from Lactobacillus casei

*Trade Name/Formulation: BW 127N exp. Registrant (manufacturer): BioWorks, Inc. Method of Production (Fermentation, in vivo, extraction from plants):






*Rate per Application (lbs a.i. per acre or 1000 linear ft): 2% Type of sprayers that may be used (e.g., fixed wing, ground boom sprayer, chemigation, air blast, ULV, granular spreader): Range of Spray Volume (if applicable): Maximum Acreage Treated per Day:








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2. *Pest Control Product (Active Ingredient {a.i.}): garlic-based product

*Trade Name/Formulation: BW 130N exp. Registrant (manufacturer): BioWorks, Inc. Method of Production (Fermentation, in vivo, extraction from plants):






*Rate per Application (lbs a.i. per acre or 1000 linear ft): 1.5% Type of sprayers that may be used (e.g., fixed wing, ground boom sprayer, chemigation, air blast, ULV, granular spreader): Range of Spray Volume (if applicable): Maximum Acreage Treated per Day:








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$ $ $ $ $ $ NOT ALLOWED $ $ $

Project Period:From:

BIOPESTICIDE PROJECT BUDGET To:

Funds Requested Matching Funds Totals ($)

A. Senior/Key Person $ 9,600 $ B. Other Personnel Total Number, Other Personnel 2 C. Fringe Benefits $960 Total Salary, Wages and Fringe Benefits $10,560

D. Equipment NOT ALLOWED $

E. Travel $ $ 1. Domestic $500 $ 2. Foreign NOT ALLOWED $

F. Participant Support Costs $ $ 1. Travel $ $ 2. Other $ $

G. All Other Direct Costs 1. Materials and Supplies 3,000 $ 2. Publication Costs 1,000 $ 3. Consultant Services $ 4. Computer Services $ 5. Subawards/Consortium/Contractual Costs $ 6. Equipment or Facility Rental/User Fees $ 7. Alterations and Renovations $ 8. Other 1 $ 9. Other 2 $ 10. Other 3 $

Total Direct Costs $15,060 $

**Each budget item requires documentation** **IMPORTANT**

On a separate sheet provide the following information: Project title, PI name and one paragraph statement of work Identify each budget item individually - provide cost and a written description and/or purpose for the cost. For rentals and fees: identify type of rental or fee and provide rental rate & purpose for the cost Any contractual work will require a separate budget and statement of work including rate and purpose

The Other category MAY NOT include construction or indirect overhead. These costs are not permitted, under any circumstances, under this grant. 1Indicate in a footnote if the matching funds are monetary or in kind and their source Please enter all values to the nearest hundred dollars.

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Budget Justification:

Project title: Determine the efficacy of biofungicides for control of downy mildew in basil

PI: Mengmeng Gu, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX

Co-PI: Kevin Ong, Department of Plant Pathology, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX

Statement of work: Biological and conventional fungicides will be applied on a 1-week interval to basil grown in containers under greenhouse management conditions to evaluate their control of basil downy mildew. Plants will be inoculated with Peronospora belbahrii, a causal agent of basil downy mildew. Data will be collected every seven days after each application on overall plant quality in terms of disease severity, phytotoxicity and plant growth. Disease severity will be rated on a visual scale of 1 to 7 where 1 is the ‘best’ and 7 is “affected” as indicated in the pictures (Appendix 3). Different from the preliminary trial, symptoms of acute phytotoxicity if any (chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, leaf distortion, etc.) will be rated separately on a scale of 1 to 7 where 1 is a plant without any phtotoxicity symptoms. The chronic impact from Peronospora belbahrii will be determined using relative plant growth compared to the uninoculated control plant and determined by the plant top growth indexes (PTGI) using the formula:

PTGI = height × ((wd1 + wd2) ÷ 2))

Personnel: Salary will cover the cost of two part-time workers (0.5 FTE) for 20 weeks. The duties will include establishing the trial, basil management, inoculum production, biological and conventional fungicide applications, data collection, data entry and analysis. $9,600 = ($12/hr x 20 wk x 20 hr/wk) x 2; fringe benefits (10% of direct salaries & wages): $9,600 *10% = $960. Travel: $500 will cover mileage to growers’ sites to obtain basil downy mildew samples for inoculation if needed. Materials and supplies: $3,000 will cover the costs of plants, pots, potting mix, fertilizer, and other incidentals associated with greenhouse floriculture management. Publication: $1,000 will cover the cost of a scientific publications associated with this project. Total Direct Costs $15,060.

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SPECIM

EN L

ABEL

MilStop® Broad Spectrum Foliar Fungicide

For organic productiona FungicidE For tHE controL oF poWdErY MiLdEW and otHEr diSEaSES

on tErrEStriaL and indoor ornaMEntaL pLantS, grEEnHouSE and agricuLturaL cropS

5 pounds can treat up to 1 acre at the recommended maximum treatment rate.

ACTIVE INGREDIENT:potassium bicarbonate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.00%INERT INGREDIENTS:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.00%TOTAL: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.00%

KEEp out oF rEacH oF cHiLdrEn

CAUTIONEpa reg. no: 70870-1-68539Epa Est. no. 67187-nY-01net weight: 5 lbs. (2.27 kg), 25 lbs. (11.35 kg)

PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTSHAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS

CAUTION: Harmful if swallowed. causes moderate eye irritation. avoid contact with eyes or clothing.

FIRST AID If Swallowed: • call poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice. • Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. • do not induce vom-iting • do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

If In Eyes: • Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15 – 20 min-utes. • remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. • call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice.

HOT LINE NUMBER Have a product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor, or going for treatment. You may also contact the national pesticide in-formation center (npic) at 1-800-858-7378 between the hours of 6:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. pacific time, seven days a week for emergency medical information.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTapplicators and other handlers must wear: Long-sleeved shirt and long pants and shoes plus socks. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning and maintaining ppE. if no such instructions for washables, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash ppE separately from other laundry.

USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONSUsers should: Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. remove clothing immediately if pesticide gets inside. then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. remove ppE immediately after handling this product. Wash outside of gloves before removing. as soon as possible, wash thor-oughly and change into clean clothing.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDSFor terrestrial uses, do not apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. do not contaminate water when cleaning equipment or disposing of equipment washwaters and rinsate.

DIRECTIONS FOR USEit is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling.do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. only protected handlers may be in the area during applica-tion. For any requirement specific to your State or tribe, consult the State or tribal agency responsible for pesticide regulation. do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system.

AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTSuse this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker protec-tion Standard, 40 cFr part 170. this standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries and greenhouses, and handlers of agricultural pesticides. it contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification, and emergency assistance. it also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the statements on this label about per-sonal protective equipment (ppE) and restricted-entry interval. the requirements in this box only apply to uses of this product that are covered by the Worker protection Standard.

there is a restricted entry of one (1) hour for this product.

ppE requirement for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as plants, soil, or water, is: coveralls over short sleeved shirt and short pants, waterproof gloves and shoes plus socks.

NON-AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTSthe requirements in this box apply to uses of this product not within the scope of the Worker protection Standard for agricultural pesticides (40 cFr part 170). the WpS applies when this product is used to produce agricultural plants on farms, forests, nurseries, or greenhouses.Keep unprotected persons out of treated areas until sprays have dried.

STORAGE AND DISPOSALdo not contaminate water, food or feed by storage or disposal.

pESticidE StoragE: Store in original container in a cool, dry place. prevent exposure to moisture. Keep container tightly closed and out of reach of children. avoid contamination with other pesticides or fertilizers.

pESticidE SpiLL procEdurE: in case of a spill, carefully sweep up the material to avoid generating dust. Store in a labeled container for disposal.

pESticidE diSpoSaL: Wastes resulting from use of this product may be disposed of on site or at an approved waste disposal facility.

containEr diSpoSaL: (For pails with liner) nonrefillable container. do not reuse or refill this container. offer for recycling, if available. offer liner for recy-cling, if available, or dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by incineration. if pail is contaminated, triple rinse promptly after emptying. triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or mix tank. Fill the container ¼ full of water and recap. Shake for 10 seconds. pour rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or store for later use or disposal. drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. repeat this procedure two more times.

(For plastic bags) nonrefillable container. do not reuse or refill this container. completely empty bag into application equipment by shaking and tapping sides and bottom to loosen clinging particles. then offer for recycling, if available, or dispose of empty bag in a sanitary landfill or by incineration. do not burn unless allowed by state and local ordinances. if burned, stay out of smoke.

GENERAL INFORMATION: MilStop is a broad spectrum, contact foliar fungicide that controls a variety of diseases on terrestrial and indoor woody and herbaceous ornamental plants, and on greenhouse, nursery, agricultural crops, and on turf. MilStop is applied using a sufficient volume of water to insure complete coverage of all stems and foliage.

NOTICE TO USER: due to variability within species and in application techniques and equipment, and possible tank mix combinations, neither the manufacturer nor the seller has determined whether MilStop can be safely used on all varieties and species of ornamentals, greenhouse, and agricultural plants under all conditions. therefore, the professional user should determine if MilStop can be used safely be-fore broad usage by applying the prescribed use rate under the conditions expected to be encountered to a small test area. any adverse effects should be visible within 14 days. For curative disease control on sensitive crops apply at a rate of 2.5 pounds of MilStop per 100 gallons of water per week and increase the rate each week in 0.25 pound increments. do not exceed a use rate of 5.0 pounds per acre per application.

IMPORTANT: read the entire label before using MilStop. consult your State agricul-tural Experiment Station or Extension Service Specialist for additional information on timing of applications, rates, and any additional requirements or restrictions.

MIXING INSTRUCTIONS: MilStop must be diluted with water before applying. care-fully measure and mix the product and water. Fill tank with ½ to ¾ of the selected volume of water prior to the addition of MilStop. Start mechanical or hydraulic agita-tion. Slowly add the required amount of MilStop to the tank. continue to fill the tank with water to the desired volume while agitating to promote uniform distribution and prevent settling.

DO NOT MIX WITH OTHER SOLUBLE PESTICIDES OR FERTILIZERS NOT COMPAT-IBLE WITH MILD ALKALINE SOLUTIONS. THE ADDITION OF SURFACTANT OR WET-TING AGENT TO SPRAY IS NOT REQUIRED. PRODUCT IS PRE-FORMULATED WITH THESE PRODUCTS FOR BEST PERFORMANCE. DO NOT ADJUST SPRAY SOLUTION pH AFTER MIXING OF PRODUCT. ACIDIFICATION OF SOLUTION WILL CAUSE RE-DUCED PRODUCT PERFORMANCE.

SPRAY APPLICATION METHOD: do not apply this product through any type of ir-rigation system. do not apply directly to soil as a directed spray or drench. For best results, use a properly calibrated sprayer or similar equipment, and check equipment calibration frequently.

CLEANING SPRAY EQUIPMENT: clean application equipment thoroughly using a detergent or commercial sprayer cleaner according to the manufacturer’s directions before and after applying this product.

FIELD APPLICATION: apply at a rate of 2.0 to 5.0 pounds of per acre. use a sufficient volume of spray solution to obtain complete coverage of foliage and stems. uniform and complete coverage of the foliage is essential for the most effective results. Spray volume per acre of treatment can vary depending upon plant type and stage of de-velopment. concentration of spray solution and frequency of application will depend upon disease pressure. do not exceed a use rate of 5.0 pounds of MilStop per acre, per application. do not store unused spray solution. dispose of unused solution on site.

GREENHOUSE APPLICATION: apply at a rate of 1.25 to 5.0 pounds of MilStop per 100 gallons of water. use a sufficient volume of spray solution to obtain complete cover-age of foliage and stems. uniform and complete coverage of the foliage is essential

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for the most effective results. Spray volume per unit of treated area can vary depend-ing upon plant type and stage of development. concentration of spray solution and frequency of application will depend upon disease pressure. do not exceed a use rate of 0.5 pounds of MilStop per 4350 sq. ft. or 1.15 pounds per 10,000 sq. ft., per ap-plication. do not store unused spray solution. dispose of unused solution on site.

See special instructions for use on poinsettia, impatiens and pansy.

Small Volume Application Chart: use the chart below to determine MilStop quantities for small area applications. adjust to desired concentration for low disease pressure or as a curative treatment.

chart treatment rate: 2.5 lbs. per 100 gallons

amount of MilStop amount of Water Square feet treated

1 tbsp 1 gallon 500

2 tbsp 2 gallons 1,000

4 tbsp 4 gallons 2,000

1/8 cup 2 gallons 1,000

¼ cup 4 gallons 2,000

½ cup 8 gallons 4,000

1 oz. (28 grams) 2.5 gallons 1,100

2 oz. (57 grams) 5 gallons 2,200

4 oz. (113 grams) 10 gallons 4,400

ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYERS: apply at a rate of 0.625 pounds (10 ounces) to 1.25 pounds (20 ounces) per 2 gallons of water per 10,000 sq. ft. do not exceed a rate of 1.5 pounds (24 ounces) per 2 gallons of water.

THERMAL FOGGERS: apply at a rate of 0.38 pounds (6 ounces) to 0.75 pounds (12 ounces) per 1 gallon of water per 10,000 sq. ft. use the 0.38 pounds (6 ounces) per 1 gallon of water rate for plants that are in flower. do not exceed 0.75 pounds (12 ounces) per 1 gallon of water..

APPLICATION TIMING: Start application at first sign of disease. For best protec-tion, repeat at one to two week intervals until conditions are no longer favorable for disease development. Shorten the interval during rainy weather or during periods of high relative humidity. For appropriate crops, apply MilStop as a post-harvest treat-ment to remaining foliage to decrease overwintering inoculum.

PREHARVEST INTERVAL: MilStop can be applied up to and including the day of harvest.

ORNAMENTAL APPLICATIONS: MilStop is for use in the following use sites: green-house, Lathhouse, Shadehouse, commercial and residential Landscapes, interi-orscapes, nursery, container production and Field applications.

ORNAMENTAL PLANT TYPES: MilStop is for use on the following plant types: annual and perennial Flowers, Bedding plants, Foliage plants, ground covers, Woody and ornamental Shade trees, Woody and Herbaceous ornamentals, and ornamental nut and Fruit trees.

FOR USE ON: ageratum, ajuga, almond-ornamental, alyssum, andromeda, aphel-andra, apple-ornamental, apricot-ornamental, artemisia, aster, azalea, Begonia1, Boxwood, calendula, carnation, centaurea montana, cherry-ornamental, chry-santhemum, cineraria, citrus, coleus, columbine, coral Bells (Heuchera), clema-tis1, crape Myrtle, crassula, croton, daylily1, delphinum, dianthus, dizygotheca, dogwood, English ivy, Episcia, Euonymus, Fern, Fir1, Forsythia, gazania, geranium, gerbera daisy1, ginseng1, gladiolas, gloxinia, gypsophila, Hawthorn, Heliopsis scabra, Hibiscus, Holly, Hoya, Hydrangea, impatiens*, india hawthorn1, iris, Juniper, Kalanchoe, Lavender, Lemon balm, Lipstick balm, Lipstick Vine (aeschynanthus), Marigold, Monarda (Bee balm), nectarine-ornamental, pachysandra, palm, pansy*, peach-ornamental, peperomia, periwinkle, philodendron, phlox, photinia, pilea, pine, pittosporum, plum-ornamental, poinsettia*, poppy, pothos, primrose, privet, protea, prune-ornamental, pulmonaria, pyracantha, rhododendron, rose, rose-of-Sharon, Schefflera, Snapdragon, Spruce1, Statice, tree ivy, Verbena, Viburnum, Violet, Zinnia. 1not For use in california

DISEASES CONTROLLED: alternaria blight, anthracnose, Blackspot, Botrytis blight, Botrytis gray mold, cercospora leaf spot, corynespora leaf spot, downy mildew1, Monilinea fruit and blossom rot1, penicillium spp.1, phomopsis blight, powdery mil-dew, rust1, Scab, Septoria leaf spot. 1not For use in california

*SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: poinsettia: For control of intense powdery mildew, apply weekly at a rate of 0.25 pounds per 4350 sq. ft. or 1/10 acre during vegetative growth prior to bract formation, and apply every 14 days at 0.5 pounds per 4350 sq. ft. there-after. a rate of 0.5 pounds per 4350 sq. ft applied weekly during vegetative growth has the potential to cause marginal burn to newly developing leaves, but does not injure developing bracts when applied biweekly.

impatiens: For new guinea impatiens, apply at a rate of 0.25 pounds per 4350 sq. ft. or 1/10 acre during vegetative growth; discontinue spraying when blossom buds are visible.

pansy: do not use on pansies at early stages of growth.

AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS: MilStop is for use in the following use sites: green-house, orchard, nursery and Field applications.

FOR USE ON: acorn squash, almonds, apples, apricots, alfalfa, avocado, Barley, Basil, Blueberries, Broccoli, cabbage, caneberries, cantaloupe, cauliflower, chicory, citrus, crenshaw melon, cucumber, dry beans, Eggplant, Endive, Escarole, grapes, Honeydew, Hops, Kale, Lettuce, Lima bean, Mango, Muskmelon, Mustard greens, okra, oregano, peaches, pears, peas, pecans, peppers, pistachio, plums, potatoes, prunes, pumpkin, radicchio, rosemary, Sage, Snap beans, Snow peas, Soybeans, Spinach, Strawberries, Sugar beets, Summer squash, Sweet potatoes, thyme, to-bacco1, tomatoes, turnip, Walnut, Watermelon, Wheat, Winter squash, Zucchini.1not For use in california

DISEASES CONTROLLED: alternaria leaf spot, anthracnose, Botrytis, cercospora leaf spot1, downy mildew, Fly speck1, Monilinea fruit and blossom rot1, penicillium spp.1, phomopsis blight1, powdery mildew, Septoria leaf spot1. 1not For use in california

NOTICE: Buyer assumes all responsibility for safety if use is not in accordance with label instructions.

IMPORTANT NOTICE: DISCLAIMER AND LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY: this product has been researched to provide necessary data to support its use on the ornamental and agricultural plants listed on the label. However, it is understood that tests may not have been carried out on all varieties or cultivars and under all growing conditions on all plants listed on the label. always follow the label directions. Exercise care when using this product on a given variety until familiar with the results under your growing conditions.

NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION IS MADE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, CONCERN-ING THE RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT IF NOT USED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DIRECTIONS OR ESTABLISHED SAFE PRACTICE. to the extent allowable by state law the exclusive remedy of the user or Buyer, and the limit of lia-bility of BioWorks, inc. or any other Seller, for any and all losses, injuries or damages resulting from the use or handling of this product shall be the purchase price paid by the user or Buyer for the quantity of this product involved. the Buyer and all users are deemed to have accepted the terms of this notice, which may be varied only by agreement in writing, signed by a duly authorized representative of BioWorks, inc.

Manufactured in the uSa for:

BioWorks, inc. 100 rawson rd, Suite 205 Victor, nY 14564 (800) 877-9443

rev 08/11 insert - 0006

®BioWorks®

How You Grow Matters™

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AN AQUEOUS SUSPENSION BIOFUNGICIDE FOR USE ON ORNAMENTALS, TREES, SHRUBS, SEEDLINGS, CONIFERS, AND GREENHOUSE VEGETABLES USE IN FIELD APPLICATIONS, GREENHOUSES, GLASSHOUSES, NURSERIES, SHADE HOUSES, INTERIORSCAPES, SEEDLING

PRODUCTION SITES, AND FOREST SEEDLING PRODUCTION SITES

ACTIVE INGREDIENT: QST 713 strain of Bacillus subtilis* …………..1.34% OTHER INGREDIENTS…………………………98.66% TOTAL………………………………..................100.00% *Contains a minimum of 1x 10

9 cfu/g

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

CAUTION

EPA Reg. No. 264-1155-68539 EPA Est. No. 69592-MEX-1 U.S. Patent Nos. 6,060,051; 6,103,228; 6,291,426; 6,417,163 on QST 713 strain of Bacillus subtilis

PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS

HAZARDS TO HUMANS & DOMESTIC ANIMALS CAUTION

Harmful if inhaled. Avoid breathing spray mist. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

FIRST AID

IF INHALED:

• Move person to fresh air.

• If person is not breathing, call 911 or an ambulance, then give artificial respiration, preferably mouth-to-mouth if possible.

• Call a poison control center or doctor for further treatment advice.

Have the product label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor or going for treatment.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Applicators and other handlers must wear:

• Long-sleeved shirt and long pants

• Waterproof gloves

• Shoes plus socks

Mixers/loaders and applicators must wear a dust/mist filtering respirator meeting NIOSH standards of at least N-95, R-95, or P-95. Repeated exposure to high concentrations of microbial proteins can cause allergic sensitization. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning and maintaining PPE. If no such instructions are available, use detergent and hot water for washables. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry.

ENGINEERING CONTROLS

When handlers use closed systems, enclosed cabs, or aircraft in a manner that meets requirements listed in the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides, the handler PPE requirements may be reduced or modified as specified in the WPS. IMPORTANT: When reduced PPE is worn because a closed system is being used, handlers must be provided all PPE specified above for “applicators and other handlers” and have such PPE immediately available for use in an emergency, such as a spill or equipment break-down.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

For terrestrial uses: Do not apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwater or rinsate. Do not apply when weather conditions favor drift or runoff from treated areas.

EMERGENCY INFORMATION

For MEDICAL And TRANSPORTATION Emergencies ONLY Call 24 Hours A Day 1-800-334-7577

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. For any requirements specific to your State or Tribe, consult the State or Tribal agency responsible for pesticide regulation.

AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR Part 170. This Standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries and greenhouses and handlers of agricultural pesticides. It contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification and emergency assistance. It also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the statements on this label about personal protective equipment (PPE), and restricted entry interval. The requirements in this box only apply to uses of this product that are covered by the Worker Protection Standard.

Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted-entry interval (REI) of 4 hours.

Exception: if the product is soil injected or soil incorporated, the Worker Protection Standard, under certain circumstances, allows workers to enter the treated area if there will be no contact with anything that has been treated. PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as plants, soil or water is: ●coveralls ●waterproof gloves ●shoes plus socks

USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS Users should:

• Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco or using the toilet.

• Remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing.

• Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing.

®

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NON-AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS The requirements in this box apply to uses that are NOT within the scope of the Worker Protection Standard for agricultural pesticides (40 CFR Part 170). The WPS applies when this product is used to produce agricultural plants on farms, forests, nurseries or green houses. Post harvest treatment of harvested agricultural plants does not fall within the scope of the WPS. An agricultural plant is considered harvested when 1) a desirable portion of the agricultural plant (seed, fruit, flower, stem, foliage or roots) is detached from its parent or 2) a whole agricultural plant is separated from its growth media (soil, water, or other media). PPE for applicators treating portions of harvested agricultural plants or handlers exposed to treated portions of harvested agricultural plants is waterproof gloves. Keep unprotected persons from handling portions of harvested agricultural plants that have been treated until sprays have dried. Commercial Treatment of plants that are in ornamental gardens, parks, golf courses, and public or residential turf and grounds, and that are intended only for aesthetic purposes or climatic modification: Keep unprotected persons out of treated areas until sprays have dried.

GENERAL USE INFORMATION

CEASE is a broad spectrum, preventative product for the control or suppression of many important plant diseases. Apply CEASE as a foliar spray alone, in alternating spray programs or in tank mixes with other registered crop protection products. Apply CEASE as a soil drench alone, in alternating spray programs or tank mixes with other registered crop protection products. When conditions are conducive to heavy disease pressure, use CEASE in a rotational program with other registered fungicides. Apply CEASE with spray equipment commonly used for making ground or aerial applications and sprinkler/irrigation systems commonly used for chemigation. Heavy rainfall or irrigation shortly after application may require retreatment. CEASE can be used for organic production. CEASE is most effectively used in a preventive disease management program. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank–mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides. When using CEASE alone for the first time, use a rate of 4 qt. CEASE per acre. Increase the application rate and/or decrease spray intervals of CEASE depending on disease pressure. To enhance performance, consider adding a surfactant, known to be safe to the target crop, to the spray tank to improve penetration and coverage of above-ground portions of the plant. .

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

Integrate CEASE into an overall disease and pest management strategy whenever fungicide use is necessary. Follow practices known to reduce disease development. Consult local agricultural authorities for specific IPM strategies developed for your crop(s) and location. Be sure use of this product conforms to resistance management strategies, which may include rotating and/or tank-mixing with other products with different modes of action.

USE RATE DETERMINATION

Carefully read and follow all label directions, use rates and restrictions. Application of CEASE prior to or in the early

stages of disease development provides the best control or suppression of the targeted plant disease. Use maximum label rates and shortened spray intervals for conditions conducive to threatening or rapid disease development. For proper application, determine the number of acres to be treated, the label use rate and select appropriate gallonage to give good canopy penetration and coverage of plant parts to be protected. Prepare only the amount of spray solution required to treat the measured acreage. Accurate spray equipment calibration is essential prior to use.

PREHARVEST INTERVAL

CEASE can be applied up to and including the day of harvest.

APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS

GENERAL: Avoiding spray drift at the application site is the responsibility of the applicator. The interaction of many equipment- and weather–related factors determine the potential for spray drift. The applicator and the grower/treatment coordinator are responsible for considering all of these factors when making decisions. Where states have more stringent regulations, they should be observed. Note: This section is advisory in nature and does not supersede the mandatory label requirements. GROUND: Be sure to maintain agitation during mixing and application to assure uniform product suspension. Thorough coverage of all foliage is essential for effective disease control. CEASE can be applied in commonly used ground equipment, hose-end, pressurized, greenhouse, and hand-held sprayers. To achieve good coverage use proper spray pressure, gallonage per acre, nozzles, nozzle spacing and ground speed. Consult spray nozzle and accessory catalogues for specific information on proper equipment calibration. AERIAL: This product can be applied by aerial application. Refer to the Aerial Drift Reduction Advisory Information section of this label for general directions and precautions. Use the application rate indicated for the appropriate crop in sufficient water to achieve thorough coverage, typically between 3 – 20 gallons of water per acre depending upon the crop. Three gallons of water per acre is the minimum. CHEMIGATION: This product can be applied through sprinkler (center pivot, lateral move, end tow, side (wheel) roll, traveler, solid set, and hand move) or drip type irrigation systems. Refer to the Chemigation Directions for Use section of this label for general directions and precautions. Use the application rate indicated for the appropriate crop as specified in the Application Rate tables of this label.

MIXING INSTRUCTIONS

MIXING: CEASE must be diluted with water. Partially fill the spray tank with clean water and begin agitation. Add the specified amount of CEASE to the tank. Finish filling the tank to the desired volume to obtain the proper spray concentration. It is critical that the spray solution be agitated during mixing and application to assure a uniform suspension. Do not allow spray mixture to stand overnight or for prolonged periods. Maintain a spray solution pH between 4.5 and 8.5. CEASE may be tank-mixed with other registered pesticides to enhance plant disease control. This product cannot be mixed with any product with prohibition against such mixing. When tank-mixing CEASE with other registered pesticides, always read and follow all use directions, restrictions, and precautions of both CEASE and the tank-mix partner(s). Use of the resulting tank mix must be in accordance with the more restrictive label limitations and precautions. Do not exceed label dosage rates. COMPATIBILITY: Do not combine CEASE in the spray tank with pesticides, surfactants or fertilizers if there has been no previous experience or use of the combination to show it is physically compatible, effective and non-injurious under your use conditions. CEASE is compatible with many commonly used pesticides, fertilizers, adjuvants and surfactants but has not been fully evaluated with all of these. To ensure compatibility of tank-mix combinations, evaluate them prior to use, as follows: Using a suitable container add proportional amounts of product to water. Add wettable powders first, followed by water dispersible granules, then by liquid flowables and lastly, emulsifiable concentrates. Mix thoroughly and let stand for at least five minutes. If the combination stays mixed or can be remixed, it is physically compatible. Test the combination on a small portion of the crop to be treated to ensure that a phytotoxic response will not occur as a

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result of application. ADDITIVES: CEASE is compatible with a wide range of additives. Since the product is primarily a protectant, thorough coverage of all above-ground plant parts is required for effective product performance. To improve plant surface coverage, add a non-phytotoxic surfactant to spray tank.

CHEMIGATION DIRECTIONS FOR USE

General Requirements: 1) Apply this product only through sprinkler (including

center pivot, lateral move, end tow, side (wheel) roll, traveler, solid set or hand move) or drip type irrigation systems. Do not apply this product through any other type of irrigation system.

2) Crop injury or lack of effectiveness can result from non-uniform distribution of treated water.

3) Ensure that the irrigation system used is properly calibrated and if you have questions, call the State Extension Service specialists, the equipment manufacturer or other experts.

4) Do not connect an irrigation system (including greenhouse systems) used for pesticide application to a public water system unless the pesticide label-prescribed safety devices for public water systems are in place.

5) A person knowledgeable of the chemigation system and responsible for its operation, or under the supervision of the responsible person, shall shut the system down and make any necessary adjustments should the need arise.

Requirements for Chemigation Systems connected to

Public Water Systems 1) Public water supply means a system for the provision to

the public of piped water for human consumption if such system has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average of 25 individuals daily at least 60 days throughout the year.

2) Chemigation systems connected to the public water systems must contain a functional, reduced-pressure zone (RPZ), backflow preventer or the functional equivalent in the water supply upstream from the point of pesticide introduction. As an option to the RPZ, the water from the public water system should be discharged into a reservoir tank prior to pesticide introduction. There shall be a complete physical break (air gap) between the outlet end of the fill pipe and the top of the overflow rim of the reservoir tank of at least twice the inside diameter of the fill pipe.

3) The pesticide injection pipeline must contain a functional, automatic, quick closing check valve to prevent the flow of fluid back towards the injection pump.

4) The pesticide injection pipeline must contain a functional, normally closed, solenoid-operated valve located on the intake side of the injection pump and connected to the system interlock to prevent fluid from being withdrawn from the supply tank when the irrigation system is either automatically or manually shut down.

5) The system must contain functional interlocking controls to automatically shut off the pesticide injection pump when the water pump motor stops, or in cases where there is no water pump, when the water pressure decreases to the point where pesticide distribution is adversely affected.

6) Systems must use a metering pump, such as a positive displacement injection pump (e.g., diaphragm pump), effectively designed and constructed of materials that are compatible with pesticides and capable of being fitted with a system interlock.

7) Do not apply when wind speed favors drift beyond the area intended for treatment.

8) Remove scale, pesticide residues, and other foreign matter from the chemical supply tank and entire injector system. Flush with clean water. Failure to provide a clean tank, void of scale or residues may cause product to lose effectiveness or strength.

9) Do not combine CEASE with pesticides, surfactants or fertilizers for application through chemigation equipment unless prior experience has shown the combination physically compatible, effective and non-injurious under conditions of use. CEASE has not been fully evaluated for compatibility with all adjuvants or surfactants. Conduct a spray compatibility test if mixture with adjuvants or surfactants is planned.

10) Maintain agitation in the pesticide supply tank. 11) Apply CEASE during the last half of the water application. 12) Dilute CEASE in enough water to be able to draw through system for the

last half of the water application. Sprinkler Chemigation Requirements: 1) The system must contain a functional check valve, vacuum relief valve,

and low pressure drain appropriately located on the irrigation pipeline to prevent water source contamination from back flow.

2) The pesticide injection pipeline must contain a functional, automatic, quick closing check valve to prevent the flow of fluid back towards the injection pump.

3) The pesticide injection pipeline must also contain a functional, normally closed, solenoid-operated valve located on the intake side of the injection pump and connected to the system interlock to prevent fluid from being withdrawn from the supply tank when the irrigation system is either automatically or manually shut down.

4) The system must contain functional interlocking controls to automatically shut off the pesticide injection pump when the water pump motor stops.

5) The irrigation line or water pump must include a functional pressure switch which will stop the water pump motor when the water pressure decreases to the point where pesticide distribution is adversely affected.

6) Systems must use a metering pump, such as a positive displacement injection pump (e.g., diaphragm pump), effectively designed and constructed of materials that are compatible with pesticides and capable of being fitted with a system interlock.

7) Do not apply when wind speed favors drift beyond the area intended for treatment.



Center-pivot, Lateral Move, End Tow, and Traveler Irrigation Equipment (Use only with electric or oil hydraulic drive systems which provide a uniform water distribution):

• Determine size of area to be treated.

• Determine the time required to apply no more than 1/4 inch of water (6,750 gallons water per acre) over the area to be treated when the system and injection equipment are operated at normal pressures recommended by the equipment manufacturer. Run system at 80 to 95% of manufacturer’s rated capacity.

• Using only water, determine the injection pump output when operated at normal line pressure.

• Determine the amount of CEASE fungicide required to treat area.

• Add required amount of CEASE fungicide and sufficient water to meet the injection time requirements of the solution tank.

• Maintain constant solution tank agitation during the injection period.

• Stop injection equipment after treatment is completed. Continue to operate the system until CEASE fungicide solution has cleared the sprinkler head.

Solid-set, Side (wheel) Roll, and Hand Move Irrigation Equipment:

• Determine acreage covered by sprinkler.

• Fill injector solution tank with water and adjust flow rate to use contents over a 10- to 30-minute interval.

• Determine the amount of CEASE fungicide required to treat area.

• Add the required amount of CEASE fungicide into the same quantity of water used to calibrate the injection equipment.

• Maintain constant solution tank agitation during the injection period.

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• Operate system at normal pressures recommended by the manufacturer of the injection equipment and used for the time interval established during calibration.

• Inject CEASE fungicide at the end of the irrigation cycle or as a separate application to maximize foliar fungicide retention.

• Stop injection equipment after treatment is completed. Continue to operate the system until CEASE fungicide solution has cleared the last sprinkler head.

Drip Chemigation Requirements 1) The system must contain a functional check valve,

vacuum relief valve and low pressure drain appropriately located on the irrigation pipeline to prevent water source contamination from back flow.

2) The pesticide injection pipeline must contain a functional, automatic, quick-closing check valve to prevent the flow of fluid back toward the injection pump.

3) The pesticide injection pipeline must also contain a functional, normally closed, solenoid-operated valve located on the intake side of the injection pump and connected to the system interlock to prevent fluid from being withdrawn from the supply tank when the irrigation system is either automatically or manually shut down.

4) The system must contain functional inter-locking controls to automatically shut off the pesticide injection pump when the water pump motor stops.

5) The irrigation line or water pump must include a functional pressure switch which will stop the water pump motor when the water pressure decreases to the point where pesticide distribution is adversely affected.

6) Systems must use a metering pump such as a positive displacement injection pump (e.g., diaphragm pump) effectively designed and constructed of materials that are compatible with pesticides and capable of being fitted with a system interlock.



9) Maintain agitation in the pesticide supply tank. 10) Apply CEASE during the last half of the water

application. 11) Dilute CEASE in enough water to be able to draw

through system for the last half of the water application.

AERIAL DRIFT REDUCTION ADVISORY INFORMATION

General: Avoiding spray drift at the application site is the responsibility of the applicator. The interaction of many equipment- and weather-related factors determine the potential for spray drift. The applicator and the grower are responsible for considering all these factors when making decisions. Where states have more stringent regulations, they should be observed. Note: This section is advisory in nature and does not supersede the mandatory label requirements. INFORMATION ON DROPLET SIZE: The most effective way to reduce drift potential is to apply large droplets. The best drift management strategy is to apply the largest droplets that provide sufficient coverage and control. Applying larger

droplets reduces drift potential, but will not prevent drift if applications are made improperly, or under unfavorable environmental conditions (see Wind, Temperature and Humidity, and Temperature Inversions). CONTROLLING DROPLET SIZE: Volume - Use high flow rate nozzles to apply the highest practical spray volume. Nozzles with higher rated flows produce larger droplets. Pressure - Do not exceed the nozzle manufacturer’s recommended pressures. For many nozzle types, lower pressure produces larger droplets. When high flow rates are needed, use higher flow rate nozzles instead of increasing pressure. # of Nozzles - Use the minimum number of nozzles that provide uniform coverage. Nozzle Orientation - Orienting nozzles so that the spray is released parallel to the airstream produces larger droplets than other orientations and is the recommended practice. Significant deflection from horizontal will reduce droplet size and increase drift potential. Nozzle Type - Use a nozzle type that is designed for the intended application. With most nozzle types, narrower spray angles produce larger droplets. Consider using low-drift nozzles. Solid stream nozzles oriented straight back produce the largest droplets and the lowest drift. BOOM WIDTH: For aerial applications, the boom width must not exceed 75% of the wingspan or 90% of the rotary blade. Use upwind swath displacement and apply only when wind speed is 3 -- 10 mph as measured by an anemometer. Use medium or coarser spray according to ASAE 572 definition for standard nozzles or VMD for spinning atomizer nozzles. If application includes a no-spray zone, do not release spray at a height greater than 10 feet above the ground or the crop canopy. APPLICATION HEIGHT: Do not make application at a height greater than 10 feet above the top of the largest plants unless a greater height is required for aircraft safety. Making applications at the lowest height that is safe reduces exposure of droplets to evaporation and wind. SWATH ADJUSTMENT: When applications are made with a crosswind, the swath will be displaced downward. Therefore, on the up and downwind edges of the field, the applicator must compensate for this displacement by adjusting the path of the aircraft upwind. Swath adjustment distance should increase, with increasing drift potential (higher wind, smaller drops, etc.). WIND: Drift potential is lowest between wind speeds of 2 - 10 mph. However, many factors, including droplet size and equipment type determine drift potential at any given speed. Application should be avoided below 2 mph due to variable wind direction and high inversion potential. NOTE: Local terrain can influence wind patterns. Every applicator should be familiar with local wind patterns and how they affect spray drift. TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY: When making applications in low relative humidity, set up equipment to produce larger droplets to compensate for evaporation. Droplet evaporation is most severe when conditions are both hot and dry. TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS: Do not apply during a temperature inversion because drift potential is high. Temperature inversions restrict vertical air mixing, which causes small, suspended droplets to remain in a concentrated cloud. This cloud can move in unpredictable directions due to the light variable winds common during inversions. Temperature inversions are characterized by increasing temperatures with altitude and are common on nights with limited cloud cover and light to no wind. They begin to form as the sun sets and often continue into the morning. Their presence can be indicated by ground fog; however, if fog is not present, inversions can also be identified by the movement of smoke from a ground source or an aircraft smoke generator. Smoke that layers and moves laterally in a concentrated cloud (under low wind conditions) indicates an inversion, while smoke that moves upward and rapidly dissipates indicates good vertical air mixing. SENSITIVE AREAS: The pesticide should only be applied when the potential for drift to adjacent sensitive areas (e.g. residential areas, bodies of water, known habitat for threatened or endangered species, non-target crops) is minimal (e.g. when wind is blowing away from the sensitive areas). Do not allow spray to drift from the application site and contact people, structures people occupy at any time and the associated property, parks and recreation areas, non-target crops, aquatic and wetland areas, woodlands, pastures, rangelands, or animals.

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FOR USE AS A FOLIAR SPRAY ON SELECT AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSE CROPS

CEASE has a 0-Day PreHarvest Interval for all crops contained on this label. Under moderate to severe disease pressure, for improved performance, increase rates and reduce spray intervals or use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides.

Application Rates of CEASE for Selected Greenhouse Crops

Greenhouse Crops

Disease

Rate qt/100

gallons spray mix

Application Instructions

Brassica Broccoli Cabbage Cauliflower Brussels Sprouts Collards Kale Mustard Greens Kohlrabi and other brassica crops

Pin Rot Complex Alternaria/Xanthomonas Bacterial Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae Bacterial Soft Rot Erwinia / Pseudomonas Black Rot Xanthomonas campestris Xanthomonas Leaf Spot Xanthomonas campestris Alternaria Leaf Spot Alternaria spp. Anthracnose Colletotrichum higginsianum Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora brassicicola Downy Mildew Peronospora parasitica Peronospora spp. Powdery Mildew Erysiphe polygoni Southern Blight Sclerotium rolfsii

3-6

Pin Rot - For suppression, begin application when environmental conditions in the greenhouse are conducive to rapid disease development and repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides for Pin Rot control.

For all other diseases - Begin application soon after emergence or transplant and when conditions in the greenhouse are conducive to disease development. Repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed.

Bulb Vegetables Onion Garlic Shallots and other bulb vegetables

Botrytis neck rot Botrytis spp. Botrytis Leaf Blight Botrytis squamosa Onion Purple Blotch Alternaria porri Onion Downy Mildew Peronospora destructor Downy Mildew Peronospora spp. Powdery Mildew Erysiphe spp.

3-6

Begin application when environmental conditions in the greenhouse are conducive to disease development and repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. When conditions in the greenhouse are conducive to rapid disease development, use CEASE in a rotational program with other registered fungicides. Thorough coverage is essential.

Rust Puccinia porri

3-6

For suppression, begin application when conditions are conducive to disease development and repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides for Rust control

Cucurbits Cucumber Cantaloupe Melon Muskmelon Squash Watermelon and other cucurbits

Angular Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae Anthracnose Colletotrichum lagenarium Bacterial Fruit Blotch Acidovorax avenae Downy Mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis Gummy Stem Blight Phoma cucurbitacearum Didymella bryoniae Powdery Mildew Erysiphe spp. Sphaerotheca spp.

3-6

Begin applications soon after emergence or transplant and when environmental conditions in the greenhouse and plant stage are conducive to disease development. Repeat on 7 to 10 day intervals or as needed. Thorough coverage is essential. For improved performance, use CEASE in a rotational program with other registered fungicides.

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Greenhouse Crops

Disease Rate qt/100

gallons spray mix


Fruiting Vegetables Pepper Tomato Eggplant and other fruiting vegetables

Gray mold Botrytis cinerea

3-6

For suppression, begin applications soon after emergence or transplant and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. When environmental conditions in the greenhouse are conducive to rapid disease development, use CEASE in a rotational program with other registered fungicides. Thorough coverage is essential.

Downy Mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis Powdery mildew Leveillula taurica Oidiopsis taurica

3-6

For suppression, begin applications soon after emergence or transplant and continue on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. Thorough coverage is essential. Use maximum label rates under conditions conducive to rapid disease development. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or in a rotational program with other registered fungicides.

Bacterial Spot Xanthomonas spp. Target Spot Corynespora cassiicola

3-6

Begin applications soon after emergence or transplant and when environmental conditions are conducive to disease development. Continue applications on a 5 to 7 day interval or as needed. When conditions are conducive to rapid disease development, for improved control, use CEASE in a tank mix program with copper-based bactericides registered for control of Bacterial and Target Spot at labeled rates.

Bacterial Speck Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

3-6

Begin application soon after emergence or transplant and when environmental conditions are conducive to disease development. Continue applications on a 5 to 7 day interval or as needed. Use higher rates when conditions are conducive to rapid disease development. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or in a rotational program with other registered fungicides.

Early Blight Alternaria solani Late Blight Phytophthora infestans

3-6

For suppression, begin application when plants are 4 to 6 inches high. Repeat applications on a 5 to 7 day interval or as needed. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides for Early and Late blight control. Use shorter spray intervals under conditions conducive to rapid disease development.

Herbs/ Spices

Alternaria Leaf Blight Alternaria spp.

Anthracnose

Colletotrichum spp. Bacterial Blight Pseudomonas syringae

3-6

Begin application when environmental conditions in the greenhouse are conducive to disease development. Repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed.

Leafy Vegetables Lettuce Celery Spinach Parsley Radicchio and other leafy vegetables

Downy Mildew Bremia lactucae Peronospora spp. Pink Rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Powdery Mildew Erysiphe cichoracearum Erysiphe spp.

3-6

Downy Mildew / Powdery Mildew - For suppression, begin application when conditions are conducive to disease development and repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. Apply in sufficient water to ensure complete coverage of entire plant. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides for Downy and Powdery Mildew control. Pink Rot – Begin application approximately 8 weeks before harvest and repeat on a 14-day interval. Apply CEASE as a directed spray in sufficient water to ensure thorough coverage of the base of the plants and the surrounding soil surface. Light irrigation following application to incorporate CEASE may improve disease control.

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Greenhouse Crops

Diseases Rate qt/100

gallons spray mix


Leafy Vegetables Lettuce Celery Spinach Parsley Radicchio and other leafy vegetables

Sclerotinia Head and Leaf Drop Sclerotinia spp.

3-6

For control of early Sclerotinia Head and Leaf Drop: Apply at planting or immediately following planting but prior to crop emergence as a 4- to 6-inch seed line treatment. Make a second application as a directed spray with multiple nozzles per each seed line in sufficient water to ensure thorough coverage of lower plant leaves and surrounding soil surface within 7 days of thinning. Repeat applications on 10 to 14 day intervals if conditions for disease development persist. Use higher rates under conditions conducive to moderate to severe disease pressure. Light irrigation after application to incorporate the product may improve disease control. OR For control of Sclerotinia Head and Leaf Drop: Apply as a directed spray with multiple nozzles per each seed line in sufficient water to ensure thorough coverage of lower plant leaves and surrounding soil surface within 7 days of thinning or transplanting. Repeat applications on 10 to 14 day intervals if conditions for disease development persist. Use higher rates under conditions conducive to moderate to severe disease pressure. Light irrigation after application to incorporate the product may improve disease control.

Root / Tuber Carrot Potato Sweet Potato Beets Ginger Horseradish Radish Ginseng Turnip and other root/tuber crops

Black Root Rot/ Black Crown Rot Alternaria spp.

3-6

Begin application soon after emergence or transplant and when environmental conditions are conducive to disease development. Repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. Thorough coverage is essential.

Bacterial Leaf Blight Xanthomonas campestris

3-6 Begin application soon after emergence or transplant and when conditions are conducive to disease development. Repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. Use high rates and shorter intervals when conditions are conducive to rapid disease development. Thorough coverage is essential.

Early Blight Alternaria solani Late Blight Phytophthora infestans

3-6

For suppression, begin application soon after emergence and when conditions are conducive to disease development. Repeat on a 5 to 7 day interval or as needed. For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides for Early and Late Blight control.

Strawberry Anthracnose Colletotrichum acutatum Angular Leaf Spot Xanthomonas fragariae Botrytis Botrytis cinerea Gray Mold Botrytis spp. Powdery Mildew Sphaerotheca macularis Erysiphe spp.

3-6

Anthracnose – Begin application prior to disease development and repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed. Angular Leaf Spot - Begin application when conditions are conducive to disease development. Continue sprays at 7 to 10 day intervals or as needed. Use high rates and shorter intervals when conditions are conducive to rapid disease development. Botrytis/Powdery Mildew - For suppression, begin application at or before flowering and repeat on a 7 to 10 day interval or as needed through harvest. For all diseases – For improved performance, use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides. Thorough coverage is essential. CEASE may be applied up to and including the day of harvest.

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FOR USE ON ORNAMENTALS, TREES, SHRUBS, FLOWERS, BEDDING PLANTS, TROPICAL PLANTS (ORNAMENTALS - Poinsettia, Orchids, Dieffenbachia, Palms, Spathiphyllum, Rhaphiolepis, Aglaonema and FRUIT – Bananas, Mangos, Papaya), SEEDLINGS, CONIFERS -Agricultural, Commercial, and Reforestation.

CEASE has a 0-Day PreHarvest Interval for all crops contained on this label. Under moderate to severe disease pressure, for improved performance, increase rates and reduce spray intervals or use CEASE in a tank mix or rotational program with other registered fungicides. CEASE is a protectant fungicide for use indoors and outdoors for control of certain foliar diseases in the field, greenhouses (open or enclosed), interiorscape, and commercial landscapes, nurseries (open or enclosed), shade house environments, glasshouses, seedling production sites, forests, and forestry seedling production sites. CEASE can be applied to ornamentals, trees, shrubs, flowers, annual and perennial bedding plants, potted flowers, cut flowers, tropical foliage, container grown trees and shrubs, forestry seedlings, and conifer production for reforestation purposes (greenhouses, shade houses, nurseries, indoors, outdoors, containers or field). PLANTS EVALUATED FOR PHYTOTOXICITY CEASE has been tested for phytotoxicity on the ornamental species listed below. Since it is impossible to test all of the species and cultivars listed on this label under all conditions, it is recommended that a small-scale preliminary trial be conducted to check for sensitivity before using this product on a large number of plants, using the product in accordance with all label use directions. TABLE OF PLANTS EVALUATED FOR PHYTOTOXICITY Annual and Perennial Flowering Plants: Alyssum Asters Azalea Begonia Calla lily Chrysanthemum Cyclamen Dianthus Dwarf Bee-Balm Easter lily Garden phlox Geraniums Gerbera Golden star Hydrangea Impatiens Kalanchoe Linaria Lisianthus Lobelia Marigolds Orchids Pansies Petunia Poinsettia Portulaca Ranunculus Roses Salvia spp. Snapdragons Stock Verbena spp. Vinca Violas Zinnias

Tropical foliage: Aglaonema Dieffenbachia Dracaena spp. English Ivy Hibiscus Leatherleaf Fern Spathiphyllum Trees and Shrubs: Azalea Boxwood Crape myrtle Dogwood Gumbo azalea Indian (India) Hawthorn Japanese maple Ligustrum japonicum Lilac Loropetalum Photinia Rhododendron Rosaceae spp. Soft Touch Holly Spirea

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Foliar Application Use on Ornamentals, Trees, Shrubs, Flowers, Bedding Plants, Tropical Plants, Seedlings, Conifers: APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS: Apply CEASE at rates ranging from 2 to 8 quarts of product in 100-300 gallons of water per acre. Make applications on a 3 to 10 day schedule. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Begin applications prior to or in the early stages of disease development. Under normal conditions apply CEASE at a rate of 4 quarts of product per 100-300 gallons of spray solution per acre on a 7-day schedule. When conditions favor severe disease development shorten the spray interval or use a higher rate. Thorough coverage is essential for effective disease control. When more diluted or concentrated spray solutions are needed for the type of equipment being used, follow the “Use Rate Determination” section of this label. See application rate tables for more detailed application instructions.

Application Rates for CEASE When Used as a Foliar Spray on Ornamentals, Trees, Shrubs, and Flowering Plants

Crops Disease

Rate qts/100

gallons spray mix


Ornamentals Trees, Shrubs, Flowering Plants, and Tropical Plants Fields, Outdoors, Indoors, Greenhouses, Nurseries Annuals Perennials Bedding plants Potted flowers Cut flowers Foliage plants Deciduous trees Deciduous shrubs Tropical foliage Container grown plants Conifer production for reforestation purposes

Anthracnose Colletotrichum spp. Bacteria Erwinia spp. Pseudomonas spp. Xanthomonas spp. Black spot of rose Diplocarpon rosea Botrytis Botrytis cinerea Downy Mildew Peronospora spp. Leaf spots Alternaria spp. Cercospora spp. Entomosporium spp. Helminthsporium spp. Myrothecium spp. Septoria spp. Powdery mildew Erysiphe spp. Oidium spp. Podosphaera spp. Sphaerotheca spp. Phytophthora spp. Rust Puccinia spp. Scab Venturia spp.

2-8

Indoors, Outdoors, Field, Greenhouse, Nursery Grown Plants: Apply CEASE at rates ranging from 2-8 quarts of product in 100-300 gallons of water per acre. Make applications on a 3- to 10-day schedule. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Under normal conditions apply CEASE at a rate of 4 qt of product per 100 gallons of spray solution per acre on a 7-day schedule. When conditions favor severe disease development shorten the spray interval or use a higher rate. Thorough coverage is essential for effective disease control. When more diluted or concentrated spray solutions are needed for the type of equipment being used, follow the “Use Rate Determination” section of this label.

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Post Harvest Dip Use on Cut Flowers/Buds: APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS: For post-harvest dip applications on cut flower crops, dip cut flowers/buds in a solution containing 6 to 25 fl oz of CEASE in 10 gallons of water soon after cutting. Immerse flowers for a period sufficient to provide thorough contact between cut flower/bud and the treatment solution. Use higher rates under conditions of heavy disease pressure. See application rates tables for rates and application instructions.

Application Rates for CEASE for Post-Harvest Dip on Cut Flowers/Buds

Crops Disease Rate fl oz/10 gallons


Cut Flowers Black spot of rose Diplocarpon rosea Botrytis Botrytis cinerea Downy Mildew Peronospora spp. Powdery mildew Erysiphe spp. Oidium spp. Podosphaera spp. Sphaerotheca spp.

6 - 25

Dip cut flowers/buds in a solution containing 6 to 25 fl oz of CEASE in 10 gallons of water soon after cutting. Immerse flowers for a period sufficient to provide thorough contact between cut flower/bud and the treatment solution. Use higher rates under conditions of heavy disease pressure.

Soil Drench Applications on Ornamentals, Trees, Shrubs, Flowers, Bedding Plants, Tropical Plants, Seedlings, Conifers, Fruits and Vegetables: Agricultural, Commercial, Residential Use, Interiorscapes, Indoors and Outdoors, Greenhouses, Glasshouses, Nuseries, (Open and Enclosed)

CEASE is a broad spectrum biofungicide for the prevention, suppression and control of soil borne diseases on a wide range of annual and perennial bedding plants, potted flowers, foliage plants, deciduous trees and shrubs, fruits and vegetables and in conifer production. CEASE enhances germination and plant growth by suppressing diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, and Phytophthora.

APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS: Mix 4 qt to 8 qt of CEASE with 100 gallons of water. Use higher application rates under conditions of heavy disease pressure. Apply finished mixture at a rate to thoroughly soak the growing media through the root zone (1 pint finished mixture/sq ft for each 3 inches of soil depth) as a drench or directed spray using hand held, mechanical or motorized spray equipment, or as a chemigation drench or directed spray using applicable sprinkler irrigation systems. Begin applications during or after seeding, sticking of cuttings or after transplanting to propagation beds, containers, pots or trays. Optimal performance is obtained with preventative treatments repeated every 21 – 28 days throughout the growing cycle. CEASE can be mixed with chemical fungicides registered for soil applications. See application rate tables for more detailed application instructions.

Application Rates for CEASE When Used as a Soil Drench in Field, Interiorscape, Greenhouses, Glasshouses, Shadehouses, or Nurseries (Outdoors and Indoors), Open or Enclosed

Crops Disease

Rate qt/100 gallons

spray mix Application Instructions

Ornamentals Trees Shrubs Annuals Perennials

Flowering plants Tropical plants Bedding plants Container plants Potted plants Foliage plants

Deciduous trees Deciduous shrubs

Forestry Seedlings

Fruits,Vegetables and other crops grown in greenhouses and open and enclosed nurseries

Rhizoctonia spp. Pythium spp. Fusarium spp. Phytophthora spp.

4 - 8

Soil Drench Uses: Field, Interiorscape, Greenhouses, Glasshouses, Shadehouses, Indoors/Outdoors, Open And Enclosed Nurseries Mix 4 qt (128 fl oz) to 8 qt (256 fl oz) of CEASE with 100 gallons of water. Use higher application rates under conditions of heavy disease pressure. Apply finished mixture at a rate to thoroughly soak the growing media through the root zone (1 pint / sq. ft. for each 3 inches of soil depth) as a drench or directed spray using hand held, mechanical or motorized spray equipment, or as a chemigation drench or directed spray using applicable sprinkler irrigation systems. Begin applications during or after seeding, sticking of cuttings or after transplanting to propagation beds, containers, pots or trays. Optimal performance is obtained with preventative treatments repeated every 21 – 28 days throughout the growing cycle. CEASE can be mixed with chemical fungicides registered for soil applications.

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STORAGE AND DISPOSAL Do not contaminate water, food, or feed by storage and disposal.

PESTICIDE STORAGE: Store in a dry area inaccessible to children. Store in original containers only. Keep container closed when not in use.

PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: To avoid wastes, use all material in this container by application according to label directions. If wastes cannot be avoided, offer remaining product to a waste disposal facility or disposal program (often such programs are run by state or local governments or by industry).

CONTAINER DISPOSAL: For 1.0-gallon, 2.5-gallon, 3-gallon, or 5-gallon plastic containers – Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Triple rinse container (or equivalent) promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or mix tank and drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Fill the container ¼ full with water and recap. Shake for 10 seconds. Pour rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or store rinsate for later use or disposal. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Repeat this procedure two more times. Then offer for recycling, if available, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by incineration. Do not burn, unless allowed by state and local ordinances. If burned, stay out of smoke. For 30-gallon plastic containers - Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Triple rinse container (or equivalent) promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or mix tank. Fill the container ¼ full with water. Replace and tighten closures. Tip container on its side and roll it back and forth, ensuring at least one complete revolution, for 30 seconds. Stand the container on its end and tip it back and forth several times. Empty rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or store rinsate for later use or disposal. Repeat this procedure two more times. Then offer for recycling if available, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by incineration. Do not burn, unless allowed by state and local ordinances. If burned, stay out of smoke. For 110-gallon or larger returnable mini-bulk containers – Return empty container for reuse. Refillable container. Refill this container with pesticide only. Do not reuse this container for any other purpose. Cleaning the container before final disposal is the responsibility of the person disposing of the container. Cleaning before refilling is the responsibility of the refiller. To clean the container before final disposal, empty the remaining contents from this container into application equipment or mix tank. Fill the container about 10 percent full with water. Agitate vigorously or recirculate water with the pump for 2 minutes. Pour or pump rinsate into application equipment or rinsate collection system. Repeat this rinsing procedure two more times. Then offer for recycling if available, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by incineration. Do not burn, unless allowed by state and local ordinances. If burned, stay out of smoke. CONDITIONS FOR SALE AND WARRANTY

BioWorks warrants to those persons lawfully purchasing this product that at the time of the first sale of this product by Seller that this product conformed to its description and was reasonably fit for the purposes stated on the label when used in accordance with Seller’s directions. Buyers and users of this product assume the risk of any use contrary to such directions. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED ELSEWHERE IN WRITING CONTAINING AN EXPRESS REFERENCE TO THIS WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF DAMAGES, SELLER MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OR GUARANTY, INCLUDING ANY OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS OR OF MERCHANTABILITY AND NO AGENT OF SELLER IS AUTHORIZED TO DO SO. Except to the extent prohibited by applicable law, BioWorks offers this product with the following conditions: 1) buyers and users of this product assume the risk of any storage, handling or use contrary to BioWorks’ label and directions and 2) BioWorks’ liability shall in no case exceed the purchase price of the applicable BioWorks product. CEASE

® is a registered trademark of BioWorks, Inc.

© Copyright BioWorks, Inc., 2012 Made in Mexico . Distributed by: BioWorks, Inc. 100 Rawson Rd, Suite 205 Victor, NY 14564 800-877-9443 www.bioworksinc.com

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PERpose Plus™

Broad Spectrum Algaecide and Fungicide

For use in Horticulture, Agriculture, and Natural Turf Industries PERpose Plus™ is a treatment for the prevention and suppression/control of horticultural and agricultural diseases in commercial greenhouses, garden centers, landscapes, agricultural crops, nurseries, interiorscapes and professional turf care.

ACTIVE INGREDIENT:Hydrogen Peroxide/Hydrogen Dioxide................................................ 33.00% INERT INGREDIENTS: .…….……………………………………………………………....... 67.00% Total……………………………………………………………………………………………….100.00%

Keep Out of Reach of Children

DANGER-PELIGRO Si usted no entiende la etiqueta, busque a alguien para que se la explique a usted en detalle. (If you do not understand this label, find someone to explain it to you in detail.)

PRECAUTIONARY STATMENTS: HAZARD TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS Danger. Corrosive. Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Harmful if swallowed. PERpose Plus™ may be fatal if absorbed through the skin. Do not get in eyes, on skin or clothing. Do not breath vapor from concentrate. Wear protective eyewear (goggles, face shield, or safety glasses). Wear coveralls over long sleeved shirt and long pants, socks, chemical-resistant footwear and chemical-resistant gloves. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking or using tobacco. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS This pesticide is toxic to birds, mammals, fish and aquatic life. Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of the EPA. This product is highly toxic to bees and other beneficial insects exposed to direct contact on blooming crops or weeds. Do not apply this product or allow it to drift to blooming crops or weeds while bees are actively visiting the treatment area. Do not apply this product or allow it to drift to crops where beneficial insects are part of an Integrated Pest Management strategy.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Applicators and handlers must wear coveralls over long sleeved shirt, long pants and chemical resistant foot wear, plus socks. When mixing and loading, wear a chemical resistant apron. For overhead exposure, wear chemical resistant headgear. Also wear protective eyewear (goggles, face shield, or safety glasses), and chemical resistant gloves. When cleaning equipment, wear a chemical resistant apron. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions exist for washables, use detergent and hot water.

User Safety Recommendations User should wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating, drinking, using tobacco, or using the toilet. Users should remove clothing immediately if contaminated by pesticide. Wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing.

Use Requirements Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR Part 170. This standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries and greenhouses, and handlers of agricultural pesticides. It contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification and emergency assistance. It also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the statements on this label about Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Restricted-Entry Interval (REI). The requirements in this paragraph apply to the uses of this product that are covered by the Worker Protection Standard. Except as indicated below, there is a restricted entry interval (REI) of zero (0) hours for PERpose Plus™.For interior fogging and spraying applications, there is a restricted entry interval of one (1) hour. For field applications, do not allow reentry until sprays have dried. Early reentry requires coveralls over long-sleeved shirt and pants, shoes with socks and waterproof gloves. Manufactured for: A Growing Alternative, Inc. 751 Fairview Church Road Spruce Pine, NC 28777 828-766-6179 EPA Registration No. 86729-1 EPA Est. No. 5568-SC-001 Net Contents: □5 Gal-18.93L □30 Gal-113.56L □55 gal.-202.38L □ 275 Gal -1011.90 L

FIRST AID If in eyes: Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15 to 20 minutes.

Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice.

If on skin or clothing:

Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15 to 20 minutes. Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice.

If swallowed: Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by a poison control center or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

Have the product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor, or going for treatment. To contact a regional poison center call 1-800-222-1212. IN EMERGENCIES CALL CHEMTREC: ( 800) 424-9300

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL HAZARDS

PERpose Plus™ is a strong oxidizing agent. Mix only with water. PERpose Plus™ is not combustible; however, at temperatures exceeding 156°F, decomposition releases oxygen. The oxygen released could initiate or promote combustion of other materials. Procedure for Leak or Spill - Stop leak if this can be done without risk. Shut off ignition sources; no flames, smoking, flares, or spark producing tools. Keep combustible and organic materials away. Flush spilled material with large quantities of water. Undiluted material should not enter confined spaces.

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PERpose Plus™ DIRECTIONS FOR USE: It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with labeling. Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers, or other persons, either directly, or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. For any requirements specific to your State or Tribe, consult the agency responsible for the pesticide regulation.

AGRICULTURE USE REQUIREMENTS Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR Part 170. This standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries, greenhouses, and handlers of agricultural pesticides. It contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification and emergency assistance. It also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the statements on this label about Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), notification to workers and Restricted-Entry interval (REI). The requirements in this box only apply to the uses of this product that are covered by the Worker Protection Standard. For enclosed environments: There is a restricted entry of one (1) hour for this product when applied via fogging, or spraying to growing plants, surfaces, equipment, structures and non-porous surfaces in enclosed environments such as glasshouses and greenhouses. PPE requirement for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as plants, soil or water, is coveralls worn over long-sleeved shirt and pants, waterproof gloves and shoes plus socks. There is a restricted entry of zero (0) hours for pre-plant dip, seed treatment, soil drench, mop, sponge, dip, soak, rinse or other non-spraying or fogging application methods when used in enclosed environments such as glasshouses and greenhouses. For field applicatiions: Keep unprotected persons out of treated area until sprays have dried.

NON-AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS

The requirements in this box apply to uses of this product that are NOT within the scope of the Worker Protection Standard for agricultural pesticides (30 CFR Part 170). The WPS applies when this product is used to produce agricultural plants on farms, forests, nurseries or greenhouses. Keep unprotected persons out of treated areas until sprays have dried.

PERpose Plus™ is a treatment for the prevention and suppression/control of Horticultural, Agricultural and Turf diseases, in the following locations: Commercial greenhouses Garden centers Nurseries Professional turf care Interiorscapes

Orchards Field crops Vineyards Groves Landscapes PERpose Plus™ Treats, Controls and Prevents the following diseases:

Algae Aphanomyces Anthracnose Alternaria Downy Mildew Botrytis (grey mold) Black Spot Fusarium (root rot)

Erwinia Phytophthora (blights, rots) Leaf Spot Powdery Mildew Plasmopara Pythium Pseudomonas Rust

Smut Scab Rhizoctonia Xanthomonas Wilts & Blights Thielaviopsis Uncinula (powdery mildew) Sclerotinia

PERpose Plus™ may be used on:

Ornamentals and Nursery stock Seeds and seedbeds Seedlings Agriculture crops, including vegetable

crops, fruit crops, tobacco, etc Trees Poinsettias Roses

Turf Cut flowers Flowering plants Cuttings Bedding plants Bulbs

Compatibility It is advisable to test a small sample of PERpose Plus™ on plants prior to treating large numbers, as not all plant species have been tested. Reference regarding usage rates for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications The rates listed for application of PERpose Plus™, are universal for both agriculture and horticulture use. The rates using PERpose Plus™ for curative results are 1:100, or 1fl. oz. per gallon of clean water and 1/3 -1/4 fl. oz. per gallon of clean water used as a weekly preventative rate. Using PERpose Plus™ for curative measures When using PERpose Plus™ curative rates, apply for 3 consecutive days drenching the entire plant, including leaves, stems, stalks and the soil surface to saturation. Afterward, maintain with the preventative rate on a weekly basis for best results. PERpose Plus™ controls on contact

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It is not advisable to apply PERpose Plus™ in dry, extremely hot conditions. PERpose Plus™ concentrate must not be combined or mixed with any other pesticide or fertilizer. A diluted solution of PERpose Plus™ may be used in combination with most soluble fertilizers, although a compatibility test should be completed prior to mixing a final batch. Solution Preparation PERpose Plus™ works best when diluted with water containing low levels of organic or inorganic materials and having a neutral PH. Rinse mixing tank thoroughly with water before mixing concentrate, residues may cause product to lose effectiveness. PERpose Plus™ will readily mix with clean, neutral water and does not require additional agitation. Prepare a solution by filling the tank with the required volume of water and then add concentrate as required. Do not reuse already mixed solution; make fresh daily. The By-Product of PERpose Plus™, after application, is oxygen and water. PERpose Plus™ is not compatible and may react with residues of recent foliar applications of metal based fungicides or supplements. For best results, apply PERpose Plus™, allow to dry, prior to application of metal based fungicides or supplements. Non-metal based fungicides may be used in combination with PERpose Plus™. Please contact us for compatibility list. PERpose Plus™ is effective via direct surface contact with the plants and materials being treated. It is important to ensure that all surfaces are thoroughly wetted. When used in accordance with label directions, diluted PERpose Plus™ does not produce any visible residue or deleterious effects to plant. Leaf burn may occur if PERpose Plus™ is used at higher than recommended application rates. Do not apply this product through any irrigation system unless directed by the label. Refer to Chemigation Use Directions section.

For use on Surfaces and Equipment PERpose Plus™ may be used as a fungicide and algaecide in conjunction with a foaming adjuvant on the following sites: Greenhouse structures Benches Watering systems Pots Evaporative coolers Storage rooms Ventilation equipment Floors Other equipment, etc Conversion Table fluid oz milliliters fluid oz milliliters 1/4 7.4 2 1/2 74 1/3 9.9 4 1/3 128 1/2 15 5 1/3 158 3/4 22 6 1/4 185 1 30 10 296 1 2/3 49 23 680 2 59 128 (1gal.) 3785 Use Rates and Directions

Use PERpose Plus™ to suppress/control fungi and slime forming algae on greenhouse structures including: glazing, plastic, benches, walkways, floors, walls, fan blades, coolers, storage rooms, ventilation ducts, watering systems, vats, tanks, bins, elevators, storage areas, food contact surfaces, process water systems, trucks and related equipment, conveyors, and spray equipment. Any equipment or structures pertaining to food contact surfaces should be rinsed with potable water after treatment with PERpose Plus™. 1. Sweep and remove all gross plant debris. Use power sprayer to remove loose dirt. 2. Use a dilution of 1:50 or 2.0 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water for surfaces that have not been pre-cleaned with water to remove organic deposits. A surfactant may be added if needed. 3. Apply solution in a manner that all surfaces are thoroughly wet. Acceptable application methods are: mop, sponge, power sprayer, or misting. 4. Heavy growths of algae and fungi may have to be manually removed following application. Use a solution of PERpose Plus™ to wash away dead growth. 5. Reapply as often as needed to control algae and fungi. Foaming application Apply PERpose Plus™ in combination with a foaming agent on porous, irregular and steel surfaces until completely covered. Allow to dry and do not rinse. Add foaming agent only into dilute PERpose Plus™ solution. For evaporative coolers Treat existing algae and slime contaminated surfaces with 1 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of cooler water. Treat cooler water every week with a dilution rate of 1/3 fl. oz. to1/4 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of cooler water. For irrigation systems including flooded floors, flooded benches, recycled water systems, humidification and misting systems. 1. Treat contaminated water with a dilution of 1/3 fl. oz. to 1/4 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of water. 2. Treat clean water with a dilution of 1:10,000, or 1 gallon of PERpose Plus™ concentrate per 10,000 gallons of water. Foot Bath Mats

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Using a dilution of 3/4 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of water, fill foot bath mat to capacity. Use fresh solution daily. Cutting Tools Use a dilution of 1:100 - 1:300 or 1.0 fl. oz. to 1/3 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. Drench tools to ensure full coverage. Additional surfactant may be used. Flats, Trays and Pots Use a dilution of 1:100 to 1:300 or 1.0 fl. oz. to 1/3 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. Spray until runoff. Additional surfactant may be used. Reference regarding usage rates for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications The rates listed for application of PERpose Plus™, are universal for both agriculture and horticulture use. The rates using PERpose Plus™ for curative results are 1:100 or 1 fl. oz. per gallon of clean water and 1/3 -1/4 fl. oz. per gallon of clean water used as a weekly preventative rate. Using PERpose Plus™ for curative measures When using PERpose Plus™ curative rates, apply for 3 consecutive days drenching the entire plant, including leaves, stems, stalks and the soil surface to saturation. Afterward, maintain with the preventative rate on a weekly basis for best results. Mist Propagation of Cuttings and Plugs for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications Inject PERpose Plus™ into the misting system to control/suppress algal and fungal disease, before disease becomes established on plant material. Inject PERpose Plus™ using a dilution rate of 1:1000 on a consecutive basis for four to ten days. Reduce concentration to 1:5000 and continue application throughout the propagation cycle. At the first sign of disease, adjust concentration to 1:1000 or 1 gallon of PERpose Plus™ per 1000 gallons of water. Pre-plant dip treatment for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications Use PERpose Plus™ in agriculture and ornamental applications, including nursery plants, seed beds, seeds, seedlings, bulbs or cuttings for the control/suppression of damping-off, root and other stem rot diseases caused by Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Botrytis, Crown Rot Powdery Mildew, Fusarium or Thielaviopsis. 1. Use a dilution rate of 1/3 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of water. 2. Immerse plants, or cuttings, remove and allow to drain. Do not rinse. Soil Drench for Horticulture, Agriculture and Turf Application PERpose Plus™ is effective for the control/suppression of Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Thielaviopsis and other plant diseases. Use as a soil drench at the time of seeding or transplanting, as well as a periodic drench. PERpose Plus™ can also be used on potting soil and growing mediums prior to planting. 1. Use a dilution of 1 fl. oz. per gallon of clean water. 2. Apply to saturation on soil or other growing media. Foliar Spray Treatment in Greenhouses for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications PERpose Plus™ immediately controls/suppresses plant pathogens upon surface contact. Apply PERpose Plus™ to horticulture ornamentals, agricultural crops, bedding plants, flowering plants, shrubs, trees and Turf. Apply solution to ensure thorough coverage and wetting of the foliage. Initial (Curative) Application 1. Use a dilution of 1 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. Make fresh daily; do not re-use already mixed solution 2. Spray, or mist plants in early morning, or late evening. Ensure that all plant surfaces, including upper and lower foliage, stems, branches and stalks are fully wet with use solution. 3. Apply for one to three consecutive days. Follow directions for preventive treatment after the initial application. Weekly (Preventative) Treatment: 1. Use a dilution of 1/3 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. 2. Apply solution to plants by spray, mist, or fog. 3. Ensure that all plant surfaces, including upper and lower foliage, stems, branches and stalks are fully wet with use solutions. Spray every five to seven days as a preventative treatment. At the first signs of disease, spray daily with 1 fl. oz. of PERpose Plus™ per gallon of water . Treat plants for three consecutive days and then resume weekly preventative treatment. Foliar spray application in the field for Horticulture and Agriculture PERpose Plus™ controls/suppresses disease immediately upon contact with any plant surface. Ensure that all plant surfaces, including upper and lower foliage, stems, branches and stalks are fully wet with use solution. Initial (Curative) Application: 1. Use a dilution of 1 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. Make fresh daily; do not re-use already mixed solution. 2. Spray or mist plants in early morning or late evening. Ensure that all plant surfaces, including upper and lower foliage, stems, branches and stalks are fully wet with use solution.

3. Apply for one to three consecutive days. Follow directions for preventive treatment after the initial application. Weekly (Preventative) Treatment: 1. Use a dilution of 1/3 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. 2. Apply solution to plants by spray, mist, or fog.

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3. Ensure that all plant surfaces, including upper and lower foliage, stems, branches and stalks are fully wet with use solutions. Spray every five to seven days as a preventative treatment. At the first signs of disease, spray daily with 1 fl. oz. of PERpose Plus™ per gallon of water. Treat plants for three consecutive days and then resume weekly preventative treatment. Nursery stock and cut flowers for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications Apply PERpose Plus™ to nursery stock such as:

Woody ornamentals Bedding plants Flowering plants Roses Container plants Rhododendrons

Conifers Azaleas Shade trees Agricultural crops Natural Turf

Cut flowers Use PERpose Plus™ to prevent Botrytis, Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew on flowers in transit or cold storage. Apply post-harvest. Use 1/4 fl. oz. of PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. Spray flowers after grading and prior to storage or shipment. Repeat weekly for flowers in storage. Bare root nursery stock for both Horticulture and Agriculture Applications Use PERpose Plus™ to prevent Botrytis on bud wood and nursery stock in storage. Use a dilution of 1/4 -1/3 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of water. Apply use dilution until plants are dripping wet or apply by dip method. Repeat weekly if necessary. For seedbed treatment for Horticulture , Agriculture and Turf Applications 1. Prior to sowing seed, use a dilution or 2 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. 2. Thoroughly wet or drench the seed bed to the point of saturation, with 60 to 100 gallons of dilute solution per 1000 square feet. 3. Let sit for one hour then immediately seed soil. 4. After seeds have germinated, use a dilution of 1 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. 5. Wet soil and seedlings to a point of thorough wetness using light spray, or irrigation techniques. 6. Repeat application once per week until seed is well established. For Use as a soil treatment prior to inoculation with beneficial microorganisms for Horticulture, Agriculture and Turf Applications Use PERpose Plus™ to reduce the number of pathogenic plant microorganisms in the soil. 1. Use a dilution of 2 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. 2. Thoroughly wet, or drench the area to be inoculated. 3. Wait one day before inoculating the soil. For turf treatment following inoculation of soil with beneficial microorganisms for Horticulture, Agriculture and Turf Use PERpose Plus™ to control plant pathogens on the foliar portion of turf. Use a dilution 1 fl. oz PERpose Plus™ per gallon of clean water. Apply to the turf by gently spraying leaf surfaces. Do not allow solution to be drenched into the soil and root systems, as a temporary reduction of beneficial soil microorganisms may occur.

Turf Applications

Broad spectrum treatment for control of algae, fungi on natural turf PERpose Plus™ can be injected through automatic irrigation systems in turf areas. Refer to “Chemigation Directions” for specific instructions on using this product through irrigation systems. Use PERpose Plus™ to control Anthracnose, Brown Spot, Dollar Spot, Copper Spot, Fairy Ring, Pink Snow Mold, Pythium, Phytophthora, Summer Patch, Rhizoctonia, Scum, Fusarium Blight, Stripe Smut, Leaf Spot, Algae, Slime Molds and their spores. For use on all turf types including : Commercial turf Lawns Athletic fields Golf course fairways Greens and tees

On the following grasses:

Bermuda grass Fescue Rye Grass

Blue grass Bent grass St. Augustine including turf combinations For Preventative Treatment of Algae/Fungus on Natural Turf Typical treatment rates involve treating approximately 1000 square feet of lawn area with 1 to 10 gallons of diluted solution. Spray entire area until saturation to ensure the solution penetrates algal crusts and deposits. For best results use a spreader surfactant. Initial (curative) Treatment For treatment of heavy infestations of algae, dilute 5 1/3 to 10 fl. oz. of PERpose Plus™ in 5 gallons of clean water. Apply 5-10 gallons of dilute solution per 1000 square feet. Preventative Treatment To prevent algal diseases, dilute 1 2/3, to 4 1/3 fl. oz. of PERpose Plus™ in 5-10 gallons of clean water. Use 1-5 gallons of diluted solution per 1000 square feet. 1. Applications may be repeated every 5 to 7 days, or as necessary to control disease. 2. For best results, apply in early morning, or late afternoon. 3. Apply immediately after grass has been cut. 4. Applications may also be made during wet or rainy weather.

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For severe conditions of crusted algae 1. Dilute 23 fluid ounces of PERpose Plus™ per 2-10 gallons of clean water. 2. Apply 2-10 gallons of use solution to 1000 square feet of affected area. 3. Increased rates of active ingredient and increases in water volume may be required to penetrate layers of algae under severe conditions. 4. Under severe conditions, applications may be doubled by either increasing the amount of active ingredient per 1000 square feet of turf, or by applying treatment solution twice over the same area. For fungicide treatment of natural turf For initial (curative) treatment of heavy infestations of fungal disease 1. Dilute 5 1/3 to 10 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ in 5 gallons of clean water. For every 1000 square feet of turf, use 5-10 gallons of dilute solution. 2. Spray entire area until run-off. A spreader surfactant may be used for enhanced results. 3. For best results, apply uniformly over the area immediately after grass has been cut. For preventative treatment of fungal disease 1. Dilute 2 1/2 to 6 1/4 fl. oz. PERpose Plus™ per 5-10 gallons of clean water. Apply 5-10 gallons of dilute solution per 1000 square feet. 2. Spray entire area until run-off. A spreader surfactant may be used for enhanced results. 3. Start applications at the first sign of disease and repeat every 5 to 7 days, or as needed to control new, or established disease conditions. 4. For best results, apply uniformly over the area immediately after grass has been cut. 5. Applications may be repeated every 5 to 7 days, or as necessary to control disease. 6. For best results, apply in early morning, or late afternoon. 7. Apply immediately after grass has been cut. 8. Applications may also be made during wet or rainy weather.

Chemigation Directions for Use

General Requirements: 1. Apply this product through one of the following types of irrigation systems: center pivot, lateral move, end tow, side wheel roll, traveler, solid set, hand move, flood basin, or drip trickle irrigation system. Do not apply this product through any other type of irrigation system. 2. Crop injury or lack of effectiveness can result from non-uniform distribution of treated water. 3. Ensure that the irrigation system is properly calibrated. If you have questions about calibration, contact the State Extension Service specialist, the equipment manufacturer, or other experts. 4. Do not connect irrigation systems (including greenhouse systems) used for pesticide application to a public water system unless proper safety devices for public water systems are in place. Read specific requirements provided below. 5. A person knowledgeable of the chemigation system and responsible for operation, or under the supervision of the responsible person, shall shut the system down and make any necessary adjustments should the need arise. Specific Requirements for all Irrigation Systems: 1. Public water system means a system for the provision to the public of piped water for human consumption if such system has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days throughout the year. 2. Chemigation systems connected to public water systems must contain a functional, reduced-pressure zone (RPZ), backflow preventer or the functional equivalent in the water supply line upstream from the point of pesticide introduction. As an option to the RPZ, the water from the public water system should be discharged into a reservoir tank prior to pesticide introduction. There shall be a complete physical break (air gap) between the outlet end of the fill pipe and the top of overflow rim of the reservoir tank of at least twice the inside diameter of the fill pipe. 3. The pesticide injection pipeline must contain a functional, automatic, quick-closing check valve to prevent the flow of liquid back towards the injection pump. 4. The pesticide injection pipeline must contain a functional, normally closed, solenoid-operated valve located on the intake side of the injection pump and connected to the system interlock to prevent fluid from being drawn from the supply tank when the irrigation system is either automatically or manually shut down. 5. The system must contain functional interlocking controls to automatically shut off the pesticide injection pump when the water pump motor stops, or in cases where there is no water pump, when the water pressure decreases to the point where pesticide distribution is adversely affected. 6. Systems must use a metering pump, such as a positive displacement injection pump or equivalent, effectively designed and constructed of materials that are compatible with pesticides and capable of being filled with a system interlock. 7. Do not apply outdoors when wind speed favors drift beyond the area intended for treatment. Application Instructions: 1. Remove scale, pesticide residues and other foreign matter from the chemical supply tank and entire injector system. Flush with clean water. Failure to provide a clean tank, void of scale or residue may cause product to lose effectiveness of strength. 2. Determine the treatment rates as indicated in the directions for use and make proper dilutions. 3. Prepare a solution by filling the tank with the required volume of water and then adding product as required. The product will immediately go into solution without any required agitation. 4. PERpose Plus™ must not be applied in conjunction with any other pesticides or fertilizers as this may reduce performance of the product and should be avoided.

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STORAGE AND DISPOSAL

Do not contaminate water, food, or feed by storage or disposal. PESTICIDE STORAGE: Store in the original container in a cool area out of direct sunlight and away from combustibles. PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Pesticide wastes may be hazardous. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mixture or rinsate is a violation of Federal Law. If these wastes cannot be disposed of by use according to label instructions, contact your State Pesticide or Environmental Control Agency, or the Hazardous Waste Representative at the nearest EPA Regional Office for guidance . CONTAINER DISPOSAL; Non-refillable container up to 5 gallons. Do not reuse or refill this container. Clean container promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank and drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Fill the container ¼ full with water and recap. Shake for 10 seconds. Empty rinsate into application equipment, a mix tank, or store rinsate for later use, or disposal. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Repeat this procedure two more times. Offer for recycling, if available. Non-refillable container greater than 5 gallons. Do not reuse or refill this container. Clean container promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank. Fill the container 1/4 full with water. Replace and tighten closures. Tip the container on its side and roll it back and forth, ensuring at least one complete revolution, for 30 seconds. Turn the container onto its other end and tip it back and forth several times. Empty rinsate into application equipment, a mix tank, or store rinsate for later use, or disposal. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Repeat this procedure two more times. Offer for recycling, if available.

Warranty This material conforms to the description on the label and is reasonably fit for the purposes referred to in the directions for use. Timing, method of application, weather, watering practices, nature of soil, potting medium, disease problem, the condition of crop, incompatibility with other chemicals, pre-existing conditions and other conditions influencing the use of this product are beyond the control of the seller. Buyer assumes all risks associated with the use, storage, or handling of this material not in strict accordance with directions given herewith. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWABLE BY STATE LAW, NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS OR MERCHANTABILITY IS MADE.

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SuffOilSuffOilSuffOilSuffOil----XXXX®

Spray Oil Emulsion Fungicide, Insecticide and Miticide

FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION

ACTIVE INGREDIENT: Mineral Oil* .........................................80.0% OTHER INGREDIENTS: .....................20.0% TOTAL: .............................................100.0%

*Contains petroleum distillates Unsulfonated Residue of Petroleum Oil ........... 92.0% min.

EPA Reg. No. 48813-1-68539 EPA Est. No. 48813-IL-1

Net Contents: 1 Gallon, 2.5 Gallons, 30 Gallons


CAUTION FIRST AID

If On Skin Or Clothing: • Take off contaminated clothing. • Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. • Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice.

If Swallowed: • Immediately call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice. • Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by the poison control

center or doctor. • Do not give ANY liquid to the person. • Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

If In Eyes: • Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20

minutes. • Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes. Then

continue rinsing eye. • Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice.

If Inhaled: • Move person to fresh air. • If person is not breathing, call 911 or an ambulance, then give artificial

respiration, preferably mouth-to-mouth • Call a poison control center or doctor for further treatment advice.

HOT LINE NUMBER

Have the product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor or going for treatment. You may also contact the National Pesticide Information Center at 1-800-858-7378 for emergency medical treatment information.

NOTE TO PHYSICIAN

Contains petroleum distillate – do not induce vomiting since vomiting may pose aspiration pneumonia hazard.

PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS

CAUTION: Harmful if absorbed through skin. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, or clothing. Prolonged or frequently repeated skin contact may cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) Some materials that are chemical-resistant to this product are barrier laminate, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber or viton. If you want more options, follow the instructions for category (G) on the EPA chemical resistance category selection chart. Mixers, loaders, applicators, flaggers, and other handlers must wear: • long-sleeve shirt and long pants • chemical-resistant gloves made of Barrier Laminate or Viton, and • shoes plus socks. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for clean/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. Discard clothing and other absorbent material that have been drenched or heavily contaminated with the product’s concentrate. Do not reuse them. ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Pilots must use an enclosed cockpit that meets the requirements listed in the WPS for agricultural pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d)(6)].

USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS

Users should • Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco or

using the toilet. • Remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then

wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing.

• Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS Do not apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwater or rinsate.

Drift and runoff may be hazardous to aquatic organisms in water adjacent to treated areas. Apply this product only as specified on the label.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling.

Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other

persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be

in the area during application. For any requirements specific to your

State or Tribe, consult the agency responsible for pesticide regulation.

This product may be used on tree crops, vegetables (row crop and field

crop), greenhouse vegetables, small fruits, shade trees, shrubs,

ornamentals, flower and foliage plants, Christmas trees, and

greenhouse ornamentals.

Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system

(i.e., via chemigation).

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AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the

Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR part 170. This Standard contains

requirements for the protection of agricultural works on farms, forest,

nurseries, and greenhouses and handlers of agricultural pesticides. It

contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification, and

emergency assistance. It also contains specific instructions and

exceptions pertaining to the statements on this label about personal

protective equipment (PPE) and restricted entry intervals. The

requirements in this box only apply to uses of this product that are

covered by the Worker Protection Standard.

Do not enter or allow entry into treated areas during the restricted entry

interval (REI) of 4 hours.

PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the

Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that

has been treated, such as plants, soil, or water, is: coveralls, chemical

resistant gloves made of any water proof material and shoes plus

socks.

NON-AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS The requirements in this box apply to uses of this product that are not

within the scope of the Worker Protection Standard for agricultural

pesticides (40 CFR part 170). The WPS applies when this product is

used to produce agricultural plants on farms, forests, nurseries and

greenhouses.

Do not enter or allow others to enter until sprays have dried.

PRODUCT INFORMATION

This insecticide’s mode of action is through suffocation of eggs, larvae

and nymphs of insects and mites and adults of soft-bodied insects. This

mode of action necessitates total spray coverage. As a fungicide this

product interferes with the attachment of the pathogen to the host and

acts as a suffocant. Use enough spray solution to completely penetrate

the leaf canopy and cover both top and bottom of all of the leaves until

wet without significant runoff. Most mature trees will require 20 to 500

gallons of spray solution per acre although citrus trees may require 15

to 1000 gallons of spray solution per acre. Row crops generally require

20 to 100 gallons of spray solution per acre. Greenhouse Use – Apply

at the rates of 20 to 100 gallons of spray solution per acre for control of

the greenhouse pest. (Be sure to check with your equipment and local

recommendations.)

This product may be used to control mite and insect pests in the egg

stage, including: spider mites, eriophyid mites, armored scale, soft

scale, mealybugs, psyllids, whiteflies, aphids, leafrollers, leaftiers,

webworms, cankerworms, plant bugs, leafhoppers and adelgids. This

product will kill other immature insect forms if the spray covers the

insect. See APPLICATION RATES tables for species claimed to be

controlled on specific types of plants. Use this product only on the types

of plants identified in the APPLICATIONS RATES tables.

USE PRECAUTIONS AND RESTRICTIONS — All horticultural

oils interfere with or slow plant transpiration and respiration during

periods of evaporation. DO NOT apply during periods of drought or

when plants exhibit moisture stress.

SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT A variety of factors including weather conditions (e.g., wind direction,

wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity) and method of

application (e.g., ground, aerial, and airblast) can influence pesticide

drift. The applicator and grower must evaluate all factors and make

appropriate adjustments when applying this product.

WIND SPEED: Do not apply at wind speeds greater than 15 mph at the

application site.

TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS: If applying at wind speeds less than 3

mph, the applicator must determine if a) conditions of temperature

inversion exist, or b) stable atmospheric conditions exist at or below

nozzle height. Do not make applications into areas of temperature

inversions.

DROPLET SIZE: Apply as a medium or coarser spray (ASABE

standard 572), and the minimum volume mean diameter (VMD) for

spinning atomizer nozzles.

GROUND-BASED APPLICATIONS: Apply using a nozzle height of no

more than 4 feet above the ground or crop canopy. Do not apply at

wind speeds greater than 15 mph at the application site. Apply as a

medium or coarser spray (ASABE standard 572), and the minimum

volume mean diameter (VMD) for spinner atomizer nozzles.

AIRBLAST APPLICATIONS: For airblast applications, turn off outward

pointing nozzles at row ends and when spraying outer row. To minimize

spray loss over the top in orchard applications, spray must be directed

into the canopy.

AERIAL APPLICATIONS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS: Do not

release spray at a height greater than 10 feet above the ground, top of

crops, or above the orchard canopy. Apply as a medium or coarser

spray (ASABE standard 572), and the minimum volume mean diameter

(VMD) for spinning atomizer nozzles.

Boom Length: The boom length must not exceed 75% of the wingspan

or 90% of the rotor blade diameter.

Swath Adjustment: When applications are made with a cross-wind, the

swath will be displaced downwind. The applicator must compensate for

this displacement at the downwind edge of the application area by

adjusting the path of the aircraft upwind. Leave at least one swath

unsprayed at the downwind edge of the treated field.

COMPATIBILITY — SuffOil-X is compatible with most commonly

used insecticides and fungicides. Read and follow all precautions and

limitations on labeling of all products used in tank mixtures. DO NOT

use in combination with or immediately before or after spraying with

fungicides such as captan, folpet, oxythiquinox (Morestan) or any

product containing sulfur. Also do not use with Carbaryl (Sevin) or

dimethoate (Cygon). Do not use with any product whose label

recommends the use of no oils. Do not use in combination with NPK

foliar fertilizer applications.

TIMING THE TREATMENT — You must determine the precise

timing to fit local growth and climatic conditions. This product can be

applied up to day of harvest.

MIXING DIRECTIONS — Add sufficient water to the mixing tank to

allow proper agitation. Add the correct amount of SuffOil-X to tank.

Maintain agitation until solution is used. If other pesticides are to be

added, do so after SuffOil-X has been thoroughly mixed.

APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS Use enough spray solution to completely penetrate the leaf canopy and

cover both top and bottom of all leaves until wet without significant

runoff. Most mature trees will require 20 to 500 gallons of spray solution

per acre, although citrus trees may require 15 to 1000 gallons of spray

solution per acre. Row crops generally require 20 to 100 gallons of

spray solution per acre. (Be sure to check with the instructions for the

equipment used and with local Agricultural Extension agents.) Aerial

application – Apply a minimum of 20 gallons of spray solution per acre.

MIXING DIRECTIONS — Add sufficient water to the mixing tank to

allow proper agitation. Add the correct amount of this product to tank.

Maintain agitation until solution is used. If other pesticides are to be

added, do so after this product has been thoroughly mixed.

17A

103112 Page 3 of 5

APPLICATION RATES TREE CROPS

CROP PEST

APPLICATION RATE

Gallons of SuffOil-XXXX per 100 Gallons of Water

TIME OF APPLICATION

Almond, Apricot, Cherry,

Plum, Prune

Aphids, Fruit Tree Leaf Roller, Mites,

Scales, Whiteflies 1-2 As Needed

Apple

(all varieties)

Aphids, Bugs (including Apple Red

Bug), Fruit Tree Leaf Roller, Mites

(including European Red Mite),

Powdery Mildew, Scales (Hard, Soft,

Scurfy), Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Avocado, Banana, Cocoa,

Coffee, Macadamia, Papaya

Bugs, Leafhoppers, Scales, Sigatoka,

Leafroller, Thrips 1-2 As Needed

Citrus*

Blackfly, Greasy Spot, Mites, Scales

(Glover, Chaff, Purple, Yellow, Red,

Snow, Brown and California), Sooty

Mold, Whiteflies

1-2

Fall

Early Winter

Post-bloom

March-April

Hops Aphids, Leaf Roller, Mites, Powdery

Mildew, Scales, Whiteflies 1-2 As Needed

Nectarines, Peach, Pecan Aphids, Fruit Tree Leaf Roller, Mites,

Scales, Whiteflies 1-2 As Needed

Pear

(all varieties)

Aphids, Fruit Tree Leaf Roller, Mites

(including Pear leaf Blister Mite), Pear

Psylla, Powdery Mildew, Scales,

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Pineapple Aphids, Mealybugs, Mites, Scales 1-2 As Needed

Fig, Kiwi, Olive, Pistachio,

Walnut** Aphids, Mites, Scales 1-2 As Needed

* Citrus — Oils applied after October may increase cold damage to trees; applied in August and September may affect solids content, retard color. DO NOT exceed a maximum of 159 pounds of active ingredient (in a maximum volume of 1500 gallons of spray mix per acre) when treating citrus in Florida and Texas. DO NOT exceed a maximum of 212 pounds of active ingredient (in a maximum volume of 2000 gallons of spray mix per acre) when treating citrus in California.

** Walnut — Apply late spring to mid-summer only. Do not apply after husk split.

VEGETABLES (ROW CROP AND FIELD CROP)

CROP PEST

APPLICATION RATE

Gallons of SuffOil-XXXX

Per 100 Gallons of Water

TIME OF

APPLICATION

Asparagus, Pepper, Bean

Pumpkin, Cucumber Radish,

Eggplant, Squash, Melon,

Tomato, Peanut

Aphids, Beetle larvae,

Leafhoppers, Leaf Miners,

Mites, Powdery Mildew,

Thrips, Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Cabbage, Cauliflower, Celery,

Cole Crops, Lettuce, Onion

Aphids, Leafhopper, Leaf

Miners, Loopers, Mites, Plant

Bugs, Thrips, Whiteflies 1-2 As Needed

Corn (Sweet, Field, Seed),

Popcorn, Sugar Beet

Aphids, Leaf Miners, Mites,

Whiteflies 1-2 As Needed

Cotton

Aphids, Bollworm eggs and

larvae, Leafhoppers, Loopers,

Mites, Plant Bugs, Thrips,

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Grasses (Grown for Seed) Mites, Powdery Mildew, Rust 1-2 As Needed

Potato

Sweet Potato Aphids, Leaf Miners, Mites,


Tobacco

Leaf Miners

Mites

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

17A

103112 Page 4 of 5

GREENHOUSE VEGETABLES

CROP PEST

APPLICATION RATE

Gallons of SuffOil-X


TIME OF

APPLICATION

Asparagus

Bean

Cucumber

Eggplant

Melon

Peanut

Pepper

Pumpkin

Radish

Squash

Tomato

Aphids

Beetle larvae

Leafhoppers

Leaf Miners

Mites

Powdery Mildew

Thrips

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Cabbage

Cauliflower

Celery

Cole Crops

Lettuce

Onion

Aphids

Leafhopper

Leaf Miners

Loopers

Mites

Plant Bugs

Thrips

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Corn (Sweet, Field, Seed)

Popcorn

Sugar Beet

Aphids

Leaf Miners

Mites

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

Potato

Sweet Potato

Aphids

Leaf Miners

Mites

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

SMALL FRUITS

CROP PEST

APPLICATION RATE



TIME OF

APPLICATION

Bushberries, Caneberries,

Strawberry

Aphids, Mites, Powdery

Mildew, Rust, Sawfly, Scales,


Grape Botrytis, Leafhoppers, Leaf

Miners, Mealybugs, Mites,

Powdery Mildew, Scales,

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ORNAMENTALS, FLOWER AND FOLIAGE PLANTS, CHRISTMAS TREES

CROP PEST

APPLICATION RATE



TIME OF

APPLICATION

Conifers, Flower, Foliage and

Bedding Plants,

Ornamentals*, Shade Trees,

Shrubs, Christmas Trees*

Aphids, Black Spot, Leaf

Miners, Mites, Plant Bugs,

Powdery Mildew, Psyllids,

Rust, Sawfly, Scales,

Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

*ORNAMENTALS, CHRISTMAS TREES - Oil might remove the glaucous (blue) bloom from such evergreens as Colorado Blue Spruce and Koster Spruce. Use with caution

and reduced dosage for summer application on Japanese Red Maple, Amur Maple and Black Walnut. Use with caution and reduced dosage for dormant application on Sugar

Maple and Redbud.

GREENHOUSE ORNAMENTALS

17A

103112 Page 5 of 5

CROP PEST

APPLICATION RATE



TIME OF

APPLICATION

Azalea, Camellia, Carnation,

Fuchsia, Gladiola, Hibiscus,

Iris, Lily, Mums, Orchids,

Poinsettia, Rhododendron,

Rose, Vines

Aphids, Fungus Gnat, Leaf

Miners, Mealy Bugs, Mites,

Powdery Mildew, Rust,

Scales, Thrips, Whiteflies

1-2 As Needed

STORAGE AND DISPOSAL

Do not contaminate water, food, or feed by storage or disposal.

PESTICIDE STORAGE: Store in a cool, dry, locked area out of reach of children. Protect from excessive heat. Keep container

tightly closed in storage to prevent entry of water.

PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Wastes resulting from the use of this product may be disposed of on site or at an approved waste disposal

facility.

For liquid dilutable formulations in 5 gallon or larger nonrefillable containers:

CONTAINER HANDLING/DISPOSAL: Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Triple rinse container (or equivalent) promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank. Fill the container ¼ full with water. Replace and tighten closures. Tip container on its side and roll it back and forth, ensuring at least one complete revolution, for 30 seconds. Stand the container on its end and tip it back and forth several times. Turn the container over onto its other end and tip it back and forth several times. Empty the rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or store rinsate for later use or disposal. Repeat this procedure 2 more times. Offer for recycling or reconditioning if available, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill, or by incineration, or if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke.

For liquid dilutable formulations in nonrefillable containers small enough to shake (i.e., with capacities equal to or less than 5 gallons):

CONTAINER HANDLING/DISPOSAL: Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Triple rinse container (or

equivalent) promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank

and drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Fill the container ½ full with water and recap. Shake for 10 seconds. Pour

rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or store rinsate for later use or disposal. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins

to drip. Repeat this procedure two more times. Offer for recycling if available, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill, by

incineration, or, if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke.

IMPORTANT: READ BEFORE USE

Read the entire Directions for Use, Conditions, Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitations of Liability before using this product. If

terms are not acceptable, return the unopened product container at once.

By using this product, user or buyer accepts the following Conditions, Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitations of Liability.

CONDITIONS: The Directions for Use of this product are believed to be adequate and must be followed carefully. However, it is

impossible to eliminate all risks associated with the use of the product. Crop injury, ineffectiveness or other unintended

consequences may result because of such factors as weather conditions, presence of other materials, or the manner of use of

application, all of which are beyond the control of BioWorks, Inc. To the extent permitted by applicable law, all such risks shall be

assumed by the user or buyer.

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES: To the extent consistent with applicable law, BioWorks, Inc. makes no other warranties, express

or implied, of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose or otherwise, that extend beyond the statements made on this

label. No agent of BioWorks, Inc. is authorized to make any warranties beyond those contained herein or to modify the warranties

contained herein. To the extent consistent with applicable law, BioWorks, Inc. disclaims any liability whatsoever for special,

incidental or consequential damages resulting from the use or handling of this product.

LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY: To the extent consistent with applicable law, the exclusive remedy of the user or buyer for any and all

losses, injuries or damages resulting from the use or handling of this product, whether in contract, warranty, tort, negligence, strict

liability or otherwise, shall not exceed the purchase price paid or at BioWorks, Inc.’s election, the replacement of product.

Distributed By:

100 Rawson Rd, Suite 205 , Victor, NY 14564

(800) 877-9443 www.bioworksinc.com

17A

Tivano/BW127N

Lacto-fermented liquid fungicide and bactericide

For suppression of powdery mildew on squashes and pumpkins,

strawberries, and roses; downy mildew on grapes; black spot on roses;

bacterial canker on tomatoes; and angular leaf spot on strawberries.

COMMERCIAL


READ THE LABEL BEFORE USING

GUARANTEE:

Citric Acid...……………………………………………………. 10.73 g/L

Lactic Acid…………………………………….……………… . 21.37 g/L

(present as fermentation products of Lactobacillus casei strain LPT-111)

WARNING: CONTAINS THE ALLERGEN MILK (whey protein)

REGISTRATION NUMBER: 30468 PEST CONTROL PRODUCTS ACT

CAUTION – SKIN IRRITANT

DANGER – EYE IRRITANT

NET CONTENTS : 4L -20L

Registered by:

AEF GLOBAL Inc.

201, Mgr-Bourget

Lévis, QC

G6V 6Z3

(418) 838-4441

Toll free help-line: 1-866-622-3222

www.aefglobal.com

Batch #: 00-000-00

17A

Expiration date: 00/00/00

NOTICE TO USER

This pest control product is to be used only in accordance with the directions on the

label. It is an offence under the Pest Control Products Act to use this product in a way

that is inconsistent with the directions on the label. The user assumes the risk to persons

or property that arises from any such use of this product.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

Shake well before use. Foliar treatment for crops listed below.

Crop Disease Rate/Concentration Foliar spray

volume Interval of application

Tomatoes (field) Bacterial canker

(Clavibacter michiganensis)

12 L/ha

500 L/ha 5 – 10 days

Strawberries Powdery mildew

(Sphaerotheca macularis

f.sp.fragariae)

8 or 12 % dilution

in water solution

200 L/ha

7 – 10 days

Angular leaf spot

(Xanthomonas fragariae)

8 or 12 % dilution

in water solution

200 L/ha

5 – 10 days

Squashes/

Pumpkins

Powdery mildew

(Podosphaera xanthii)

8% dilution in

water solution

500-700 L/ha 7 – 10 days

Grapes Downy mildew

(Pseudoperonospora viticola,

Syn. Plasmopara viticola)

8% or 12%

dilution in water

solution

200 L/ha 7 – 10 days

Roses

Black spot

(Diplocarpon rosae)

1.5 - 2.5% dilution

in water solution

800 L/ha 5 – 10 days

Powdery mildew

(Sphaerotheca pannosa)

1.5 - 2.5% dilution

in water solution

800 L/ha 7 – 10 days

Use of surfactant LI700 can help achieve better coverage of leaves and better efficacy.

Other suggested surfactants: Agral 90 and Citowett Plus. Under conditions of moderate

to high disease pressure, use the higher rate and shorter application intervals. For

maximum effectiveness, apply Tivano prior to, or at the early stages of disease

development. Apply in sufficient volume to ensure full coverage for effective control.

The mix must be applied using a standard or industrial sprayer with flat-fan nozzle tips

type « TwinJet », «XR», « TeeJet » or « ConeJet ».

Make sure both leaf sides are treated.

Begin applications when conditions are conducive to disease development.

Avoid application to reactive metals such as aluminum, tin, iron, or items such as

fencing or lawn furniture in order to prevent staining, mottling, or otherwise interfering

with finished metal surfaces.

Note: Follow instructions for mixing and applying this product carefully as this product

17A

may cause injury to crops and other plants.

As this product is not registered for the control of pests in aquatic systems, DO NOT

use to control aquatic pests.

DO NOT contaminate irrigation or drinking water supplies or aquatic habitats by

cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes.

DO NOT apply by air.

DO NOT allow effluent or runoff from greenhouses containing this product to enter

lakes, streams, ponds or other waters.

PRECAUTIONS

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. Prolonged skin contact may cause irritation.

Direct ocular contact may cause irritation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing.

Avoid breathing mist. Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, water proof gloves, and eye

goggles and shoes plus socks when handling, mixing,/loading or applying, and during

all clean-up/repair activities. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling.

Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

DO NOT re-enter or allow entry into treated areas until the spray is dried.

FIRST AID

IF IN EYES: Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15–20 minutes.

Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye.

Call a poison control centre or doctor for treatment advice.

IF ON SKIN OR CLOTHING: Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin

immediately with plenty of water for 15–20 minutes. Call a poison control centre or

doctor for treatment advice.

IF INHALED: Move person to fresh air. If person is not breathing, call 911 or an

ambulance, then give artificial respiration, preferably by mouth-to-mouth, if possible.

Call a poison control centre or doctor for further treatment advice.

IF SWALLOWED: Call a poison control centre or doctor immediately for treatment

advice. Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting

unless told to do so by a poison control centre or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth

to an unconscious person.

Take container, label or product name and Pest Control Product Registration Number

with you when seeking medical attention

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Treat symptomatically

17A

ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTIONS

This product may cause injury to other plants if not mixed and applied properly. Follow

instructions for mixing and applying carefully.

To reduce runoff from treated areas into aquatic habitats avoid application to areas with

a moderate to steep slope, compacted soil, or clay.

Avoid application when heavy rain is forecast.

Contamination of aquatic areas as a result of runoff may be reduced by including a

vegetative strip between the treated area and the edge of the water body

STORAGE

Keep in a cool place, away from the sun rays. After extended storage, shake or stir the

product thoroughly to assure a uniform suspension. Keep from freezing. Store in

original container out of reach of children.

DISPOSAL

DO NOT reuse this container for any purpose. This is a recyclable container, and is to

be disposed of at a container collection site. Contact your local distributor/dealer or

municipality for the location of the nearest collection site. Before taking the container to

the collection site:

1. Triple- or pressure-rinse the empty container. Add the rinsings to the spray

mixture in the tank.

2. Make the empty, rinsed container unsuitable for further use.

If there is no container collection site in your area, dispose of the container in

accordance with provincial requirements.

PRODUCT USE INFORMATION

1-866-622-3222

WEB SITE

www.aefglobal.com

17A

PMRA approved: June 1, 2012 AEF Global revision: June 28, 2012

Wettable Powder Biological Fungicide For use on greenhouse tomatoes and cucumbers

INFLUENCE WP/BW130N

COMMERCIAL

GUARANTEE: Garlic …………………70.1%

REGISTRATION NUMBER 29667…..PEST CONTROL PRODUCTS ACT

READ THE LABEL BEFORE USING

POTENTIAL SKIN SENZITIZER CAUTION EYE IRRITANT CAUTION SKIN IRRITANT

Net Contents: 10 Kg

Manufactured by:

AEF GLOBAL Inc. 201, Mgr-Bourget

Lévis, QC G6V 6Z3

(418) 838-4441

Toll free help-line: 1-866-622-3222 www.aefglobal.com

17A

http://www.aefglobal.com/


DIRECTIONS FOR USE: Use freshly prepared spray solution each time. DO NOT allow effluent or runoff from greenhouses containing this product to enter lakes, streams, ponds or other waters. INFLUENCE WP is a wettable powder formulation containing garlic as the active ingredient. INFLUENCE WP attacks fungi that cause powdery mildew, late blight and downy mildew in greenhouse cucumbers and tomatoes. INFLUENCE WP should be applied preventatively or at first signs of disease. Repeat applications and thorough coverage of foliage are required to maintain suppression of the disease. The pre-harvest interval (PHI) is 0 (zero) day APPLICATION INSTUCTIONS: Foliar application: Powdery mildew, late blight, downy mildew - Add the required amount of INFLUENCE WP in appropriate amount of clean water to ensure full coverage. It is recommended to fill the tank or sprayer with a certain amount of clean water before adding INFLUENCE WP to avoid settling. Agitate constantly to maintain suspension of the solution. Apply INFLUENCE WP as a foliar spray on greenhouse tomatoes and cucumbers to suppress the fungi. Apply at a rate of 6.9 kg/ha in a recommended dilution rate of 1000 L/ha. Subsequent applications may be made every 7-14 days if symptoms persist. Late blight, downy mildew – In addition to foliar application, also spray the solution on substrate surface. RATES OF APPLICATION: Crop Pest Rate (kg/ha) Greenhouse Tomato Suppression of

Powdery mildew Oidium neolycopersici

6.9 kg/ha

Late blight* Phytophtora infestans

6.9 kg/ha

Greenhouse Cucumber

Suppression of Powdery mildew

Podosphaera xanthii

6.9 kg/ha

Downy mildew* Pseudoperonospora cubensis

6.9 kg/ha

*May inhibit the symptoms of late blight and downy mildew when used in conjunction with integrated pest management strategies. PRECAUTIONS: KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN May cause eye irritation. May cause skin irritation. May cause skin sensitization. Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing. Avoid breathing dust and spray mists. Wear a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, water-proof gloves, shoes plus socks, and eye goggles when handling, mixing/loading or applying the product, and during all clean-

17A


up/repair activities. In addition, mixers and loaders must wear a dust/mist filtering respirator (dust mask) meeting a standard of at least N-95, R-95, P-95 or HE and applicators using a power sprayer must wear a bayonet-style cartridge respirator (for particulates) equipped with at least an N-95, R-95, P-95 or HE filter. DO NOT re-enter or allow entry into treated areas until the spray is dried. May cause respiratory irritation. The handling and loading of INFLUENCE WP, as well as the clean-up and maintenance activities should be performed in a well ventilated area. Keep unprotected persons out of the treated areas for the duration of the treatment period. FIRST AID: If swallowed: Call a poison control centre or doctor immediately for treatment advice.

Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting unless told by a poison control centre or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

If on skin or clothing: Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with

plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. Call a poison control centre or doctor for treatment advice.

If inhaled: Move person to fresh air. If person is not breathing, call 911 or an

ambulance, then give artificial respiration, preferably by mouth-to-mouth, if possible. Call a poison control centre or doctor for treatment advice.

If in eyes: Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20 minutes.

Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. Call a poison control centre or doctor for treatment advice.

Take container, label or product name and Pest Control Product Registration Number when seeking medical attention. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION: Treat symptomatically. STORAGE: Store containers tightly closed, out of direct sunlight; at temperatures between 4º and 20 º C. Cooler storage temperatures are preferred. To prevent contamination store this product away from food and feed.

17A

Appendix 3 Preliminary results of biofungicides, PERpose Plus, Suffoil-X, CEASE and MilStrop, for

controlling basil downy mildew

Genovese basil in 4” containers obtained from a wholesale grower in Waller, TX were transplanted in 6” round pots on October 23, 2013. Applications of fungicide (Table 1) were conducted weekly from October 28 (0 week after treatment; WAT) to November 25 (4 WAT), 2013. Artificial infestation was planned, however, natural infestation of downy mildew was observed soon after the first application of fungicides and thus artificial infestation was not necessary. Visual rating of unmarketable leaves (chlorosis and necrosis from downy mildew infestation and phytotoxicity due to chemical application) was conducted a week after each fungicide application (November 4 and 18, and December 2, 2013; 1, 3, and 5 WAT). Each plant is visually rated on percentage of ‘affected’ (either by downy mildew or phytotoxicity) leaf areas on a 0-7 scale (0=no leaves affected and 7= all leaves affected; Fig. 1). Downy mildew and phytotoxicity were combined in rating in the case, because both affect marketability of fresh basil leaves.

Except SuffOil-X, CEASE, MilStop alone and tank mix of PERpose Plus and CEASE, basil plants treated with all the other fungicides had lower (better) visual rating in 3 WAT, indicating some levels of control. However, in 5 WAT, control plants had better (lower) ratings than all the plants treated with fungicides. Chlorosis and necrosis due to downy mildew infestation were very minimal on most fungicide-treated plants, but the higher ratings were mainly due to phytotoxicity from fungicide application. This suggested adjustment of fungicide application timing and/or concentration. The environmental conditions in the greenhouse during the trial (late October to early December; cooler temperature and relatively low relative humidity due to greenhouse heating) could have contributed to the overall low downy mildew infestation during the trial.

Table 1. Fungicide treatments for control of basil downy mildew.

Treatments Rate Control NA PERpose Plus 1.5oz/gal SuffOil-X 1.50% CEASE 1.9 oz/gal MilStop 7 g/gal CEASE+MilStop (Tank mix) 1.9 oz/gal+7 g/gal CEASE+MilStop (Rotation) 1.9 oz/gal+7 g/gal PERpose Plus+SuffOil-X 1.5oz/gal+1.50% PERpose Plus+CEASE (Tank mix) 1.5oz/gal +1.9 oz/gal PERpose Plus+CEASE (Rotation) 1.5oz/gal +1.9 oz/gal

17A

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genovese_basil

Fig. 1 Visual rating scale of 0-7 (0=no leaves affected and 7= all leaves affected) on the percentage of ‘affected’ (either by downy mildew or phytotoxicity). No plants were rated 0 or 7 and so only 1-6 is represented here. Arrows indicated affected leaves (chlorosis in this case, which may not easily distinguishable in black and white copies).

Fig. 2. Three visual ratings of basil plants one week after each fungicide application (WAT=week after treatment).

17A

1

Mengmeng Gu's curriculum vitae

Mengmeng Gu 225 HFSB TAMU 2134, College Station, TX 77843-2134

Office: 979-845-8567 Fax: 979-845-8906, E-mail: [email protected] PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

2012- present Assistant Professor/ Extension Specialist, Texas A&M University 2006- 2011 Assistant Extension Professor, Mississippi State University

EDUCATION

Ph.D. (Plant Science/Horticulture), University of Arkansas. 2006 M.Ag. (Horticulture), Beijing Forestry University, China. 2001 B.Ag. (Horticulture), Beijing Forestry University, China. 1998

SELECTED GRANTS RECEIVED

1. $10,000. PI. Promote Earth-Kind Program for Sustainable Urban Agriculture Practices. SARE.

2. E $4,500(total $52,964). Co-PI. Urban Landscape Water Conservation through Irrigating Landscapes with Reclaimed Water. RGBI.

3. Co-PI. TEAM = Together Everyone Achieves More------US-China scientific exchange on low-cost season extension technology for local sustainable specialty crop production and marketing. USDA FAS SCEP with PRC. 2011-2012.

4. $12,604. Co-PI An Integrated Approach for Managing Pythium Root Rot in Poinsettia Production in Mississippi. USDA SCBG. 2010-2012.

5. $13,964. Co-PI. Determine the efficacy of biological fungicides for control of pythium stem and root rot in poinsettia. IR-4 Biopesticide Program. 2010-2011.

6. $149,812. PI. US-China Partnership for Strengthening Research, Education and Extension in Season Extension Production and Marketing. USDA ISE. June 2009-2012.

7. $496,921. Co-PI. Toward year-round produce markets: Combining low-cost international technologies for year-round production in high tunnels in the Gulf State. USDA NRI. 2009—2012.

SELECTED PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

1. M. Gu and M. Tomaso-Peterson. 2012. Efficacy of non-conventional fungicides for control of pythium root rot in poinsettia (Eurphorbia pulcherrima Wild. Ex Klotzsch). Journal of the Mississippi Academy of Sciences 57(4):250-256.

2. Choi, H.S., C.R. Rom, and M. Gu. 2011. Effects of different organic apple production systems on seasonal nutrient variations of soil and leaf. Scientia Hort. 129:9-17.

3. Choi, H.S., C.R. Rom, and M. Gu. 2011. Plant performance and seasonal of soil and foliar nutrient variations in an organic apple orchard under four ground cover management systems. J. Amer. Pomol. Soc. 65(3):130-146.

4. Gu, M., J.A. Robbins, C.R. Rom, and D. Hensley. 2008. Feeding damage of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on sixteen field-grown birch (Betula L.) genotypes. J. Applied Entomology 132:425-429.

5. Gu, M., J.A. Robbins, C.R. Rom, and Hyun-Sug Choi. 2008. Photosynthesis of birch genotypes (Betula L.) under varied irradiance and CO2 concentration. HortScience 43:314 - 319.

6. Gu, M., C.R. Rom, J.A. Robbins, and D.M. Oosterhuis. 2007. Effect of water deficit on gas exchange, osmotic solutes, leaf abscission, and growth of four birch genotypes (Betula L.) under a controlled environment. HortScience 42:1383–1391.

7. Gu, M., J.A. Robbins, and C.R. Rom. 2007. Role of ethylene in water-deficit stress responses in Betula papyrifera Marsh. HortScience 42:1392–1395.

17A


Biographical Sketch Kevin L. Ong Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M University System Tel : 979-845-80332, Fax : 979-845-6499, Email : [email protected]

EDUCATION The Pennsylvania State University, PA Biology B .S. 1993 Temple University, Philadelphia, PA Biology M.A. 1996 Clemson University, Clemson, SC Plant Pathology Ph.D. 2001 APPOINTMENTS Associate Professor and Extension Specialist, Director – Texas Plant Disease Diagnostic Lab,

Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas AgriLife Extension Service (2008-present)

Assistant Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas AgriLife Extension Service (2002 –2008)

Graduate Research and Extension Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology and Physiology, Clemson University, SC (1996-2001)

Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Biology, Temple University, PA (1993-1996)

SELECT INVITED PRESENTATIONS Ong, K. 2012 Done caught with your plants down: On-site symptom recognition workshop.

Texas State Master Gardener Convention, San Antonio, TX. Ong, K. 2011 On the job diagnosis: what can and cannot be done. Texas Nursery and

Landscape Association Expo, Dallas, TX. Ong, K. 2010 Tree diagnostic: field and in the laboratory. TREE conference – International

Society of Arboriculture (Texas Chapter), College Station, TX. Ong, K. 2010 Landscape ornamental disease issues. Southeast Texas Nursery Growers

Association Trade show, Conroe, TX. AWARDS AND MERITS 2010 Superior Service Team Award 2010, Texas AgriLife Extension Service 2005 Superior Service Team Award 2005. Texas Cooperative Extension 2001 Graduate Student Award, 1st place, Student Research Paper, Southern Division American

Phytopathological Society. 2001 Student Travel Award, Southern Division American Phytopathological Society. 1996 Teaching Merit Award, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY ACTIVITIES American Phytopathological Society

• Office of Public Relation and Outreach board member (2009-2014)

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• Ad Hoc Committee on Future Education of Plant Pathologist (2006- 2008) • Extension Committee (2003-2012), Chair – 08/09 • Disease of Ornamental Plants Committee (2011-2013), Chair-12/13

GRANTS RECEIVED (during the past three years) 2012-2013 First Detector education program for pest of concern in Texas. USDA-APHIS (PI) 2012-2013 Diagnostic Image Series Development for Supporting IPM in the Southern Region

(cooperator). 2011-2013 Improvement and deployment of rapid standardized PCR diagnostic tools to increase

detection capacity for high‐impact plant pathogens (multistate). USDA-AFRI Competitive Grants program. (co-investigator)

2011-2013 Supplemental Psyllid and Citrus Survey of Southeast Texas. USDA-APHIS. (co-PI) 2010-2014 Plum Pox Survey (National Stone Fruit Survey) USDA/TDA CAPS program. (PI) 2010-2012 Citrus disease awareness program. USDA Citrus Health Response Program.

(cooperator) 2010-2012 Citrus Greening Survey. USDA Citrus Health Response Program (co-investigator) 2010 Developing an Education and Outreach Program for Increased Awareness of Citrus

Diseases in Texas: A Focus on Citrus Greening. Texas Citrus Producers Board. (co-investigator)

2009-2013 Southern Plant Diagnostic Network (TX subaward, multistate), National Plant Diagnostic Network USDA Agriculture Biosecurity. (co-investigator)

2009-2012 USDA-NRI Integrated Program for Plant Biosecurity. Pathogen Detection Lab-on-a-Chip (PADLOC) system for real-time on-field plant disease diagnostics. FY09-11(co-investigator)

SERVICE ACTIVITIES Committee member, North Central Texas College Horticulture Advisory Committee (2007-2008) Board member, Crape Myrtle Trail of McKinney Board (2006 – 2008) Education advisor, Organic Horticulture Professional Education Alliance (2006) Board member, Trinity Blackland Urban Forestry Council (2005-2007) Reviewer: manuscripts for Plant Disease Notes, Phytopathology and Journal of Nematology. RECENT PUBLICATIONS (refereed journals during the past three years)

Isakeit, T., Hassett, B.T. and Ong, K.L. 2012 First Report of Leaf Spot of Sesame Caused by

Xanthomonas sp. In the United States. Plant Disease 96(8):1222. Doi:10.1094/PDIS-03-12-0284-PDN.

Woodward, J.E., Vandiver, M.R., Ong, K.L. and McBride, S.A. 2012 First report of Vinca minor co-infected with Puccinia vincae and Golovinomyces orontii in Texas. Online. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2012-0724-01-BR.

Reed, J.D., Woodward, J.E., Ong, K., Black, M.C. and Stein, L.A 2010 First reportof Stemphylium botryosum on spinach in Texas. Plant Disease 94(11): 1377. doi:10.1094/PDIS-06-10-0471

MacDonald, J., Allen, C., Gadoury, D., Jacobi, W., Kelemu, S., Moyer, J., Murray, T., Ong, K., Pearson, C., Sherwood, J., and Vidaver, A. 2009 Education in Plant Pathology: Present Status and Future Challenges. Plant Disease 93(12):1238-1251, Online doi:10.1094/PDIS-93-12-1238.

17A

December 9, 2013 Michael Braverman, Ph.D. Manager, Biopesticide and Organic Support Program IR-4 Project, Rutgers University 500 College Road East, Suite 201W Princeton, New Jersey 08540 Dear Dr. Braverman: Please consider this letter an official declaration of BioWorks’ support for the proposal of Dr. Mengmeng Gu, titled: Determine the efficacy of biofungicides for control of downy mildew in basil. Dr. Gu will be evaluating two new biopesticide products in BioWorks’ development pipeline as well as some of BioWorks existing disease-management products. The two new products identified as BW127N and BW130N until their registration with US EPA is complete are already registered in Canada by AEF Global as Tivano and Influence LC. Dr. Gu’s evaluation of these products will help demonstrate to BioWorks the efficacy of these products against Downy Mildew of Basil. Such information will be very helpful to BioWorks’ efforts to further develop and position these products and to provide useful technical information to US growers. The proposed research also includes treatments combining BioWorks’ registered products MilStop with CEASE and PERpose Plus with SuffOil-X. The former combination is already being used effectively by growers to manage several foliar diseases on ornamental and food crops. The latter is a new combination that several floriculture growers have reported controls Downy Mildew on basil transplants produced for retail garden centers. SuffOil-X is not currently registered for use on commercial herb crops, though positive results from these and other studies will help provide necessary justification to pursue label expansion to include herb crops. This project proposed by Dr. Gu clearly addresses needs for more tools for plant disease management in organic, sustainable, and conventional production of basil. BioWorks fully supports this proposed study. We will provide any technical assistance and products needed for completing this project. Respectfully,

Matthew S. Krause, Ph.D. Product Development Manager 100 Rawson Road, Suite 205 Victor, NY 14564



Principal Investigator: Drs. Mengmeng Gu (PI) and Kevin Ong (Co-PI)

Address: 225 HFSB

TAMU 2134

College Station, TX 77843

Telephone: 979.845.8567


Registrant Name: BioWorks, Inc.

Address: 100 Rawson Road, Suite 205

Victor, NY 14564

Product Name: BW127N Active Ingredient: Citric Acid & Lactic Acid

Trade Name: Citric Acid & Lactic Acid



1) Is this product EPA registered through BPPD? Yes No x

Is this use covered by your current label? Yes No x

If this product is not yet registered with EPA, describe where you are at in collecting the toxicology data or Stage of the registration process. If this project was previously funded, describe how the registration status has changed since last year. The active ingredient and formulation are registered in Canada by PMRA to AEF Global, the manufacturer and our partner. The Canadian product is named Tivano and is formulated as a liquid concentrate. AEF Global is working with BioWorks in 2014 to obtain EPA registration of BW127N using the package submitted to and accepted by PMRA for Tivano.

Is label and toxicology work currently limiting product only to non-food uses? No


to your label? High 3) Considering the use rate(s), what is considered to be the farm-level cost for the treatment in

$/acre? Estimated cost is $72.00 per acre per application. Number of applications depends on environmental conditions and disease pressure.

4) How would you rank the importance of the proposed use compared to other potential uses?

High: The availability of new effective products for preventive control of foliar diseases of vegetable crops is very important to organic, sustainable and conventional growers, especially for use in IPM rotations.


rank your degree of interest in this product. High 6) Were you involved or consulted in the development of the treatments or proposal? Yes


None – only in-kind contributions (needed product and technical support)

Matthew S. Krause 12.09.13

Name of Registrant Representative Date

Product Development Manager





Address: 225 HFSB

TAMU 2134


Telephone: 979.845.8567




Victor, NY 14564

Product Name: SuffOil-X Active Ingredient: Mineral Oil

Trade Name: Mineral Oil



1) Is this product EPA registered through BPPD? Yes x No


If this product is not yet registered with EPA, describe where you are at in collecting the toxicology data or Stage of the registration process. If this project was previously funded, describe how the registration status has changed since last year.

Is label and toxicology work currently limiting product only to non-food uses? NA



$/acre? Estimated cost is $35.00 per acre per application. Number of applications will depend on environmental conditions and disease pressure.














Address: 225 HFSB

TAMU 2134


Telephone: 979.845.8567




Victor, NY 14564

Product Name: BW130N Active Ingredient: Garlic

Trade Name: Garlic



1) Is this product EPA registered through BPPD? Yes No x


If this product is not yet registered with EPA, describe where you are at in collecting the toxicology data or Stage of the registration process. If this project was previously funded, describe how the registration status has changed since last year. The active ingredient and formulation are registered in Canada by PMRA to AEF Global, the manufacturer and our partner. The Canadian product is named Influence LC and is formulated as a liquid concentrate. AEF Global is working with BioWorks in 2014 to obtain EPA registration of BW130N using the package submitted to and accepted by PMRA for Tivano.

Is label and toxicology work currently limiting product only to non-food uses? No



$/acre? Estimated cost is $72.00 per acre per application. Number of applications depends on environmental conditions and disease pressure.











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