ipaws, eas + and eras overview

EAS+ Overview 1

Would You Like An ERAS? EAS+

lert ystem other alerts? When ERAS messages are transmitted via digital broadcasting to

EAS+ compatible receivers, the time budget depends on various delays, e.g. satellite hops. However a 2.5 second total time from one seismometer detecting an earthquake to the public hearing the alert in their ear appears practical. For the fine print of the details, see the attachment above the black dot If the dot is not attached to, see www.globalcom123.com/eas. EAS+ is an optional feature (not a mandate) for consumer receivers.

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IPAWS, EAS+ and ERAS Overview

Frank W. Bell 2012-8-16www.globalcom123.com/easConsider EAS+ as a set of compatible tools for your situation. It is not a one size fits all approach.

http://www.globalcom123.com/eas

EAS+ IPAWS & ERAS Overview 3

3 Learning Points

EAS+ is a broadcast alerting and file distribution system that saves lives, e.g. Samoa, though the features are limited when only analog broadcasting is available.

IPAWS is a system of systems for emergency management using CAP and EDXL protocols. These protocols are developed by www.oasis-open.org.

Severe non-human project risks are increasingly becoming manageable instead of invoking the “Acts of G_d” clause. Loss of life of project staff to disasters can be mitigated. Loss of time is also more manageable by allowing time for mitigation measures when appropriate. A response time of seconds is useful for tsunamis and for earthquake mitigation. Processing and transmission time is minimal.


Contents Introduction IPAWS (3) Opinion (2) Acronyms (2) Societal Situation Paradigm and Value Aspect (5) EAS+ Improvements (6) EAS+ Protocol (4), Implementation Conclusion Appendix on value (3)


Introduction

For countries that have MOU with FEMACONELRAD, tubes, relays, alert tone

Mutually Assured Destruction situationEBS, transistors, ICs, more versatileEAS, microcontroller and EPROM codeEAS+, microprocessor, application on

OS, digital TV and HD radio, smart consumer electronics feature

EAS+IPAWS & ERAS Overview 6

Integrated Public Alert & Warning System (IPAWS), current 1

Problems with cost, especially of work for first responders,Response time and

Availability.

Public

Business DR Plan

Projects Risk

EmergencyManagement

Optional Service Company

EAS+IPAWS & ERAS Overview 7

Integrated Public Alert & Warning System (IPAWS), computer based

Public

Business DR Plan

Projects Risk

EmergencyManagement

Optional Service vendor Phones, emails, messaging

With IT and other technologies

Emergency Data Xchange Language,Common Alert Protocol OASIS

IPAWS, EDXL-DE, CAP, EAS+

Manually, sirens, fire alarms

EAS+ Overview 8

Why IPAWS? NIEM Compliance

Overview NIMS, Region, States, Local UICDS, ICS

WebEOC

G.Earth

911ES

MIL,NG

Police

Fire

Ambulance

Hospitals

HHS, CDC, FDA, HL7, NPC, etc.

IPAWS

NOAA, NWS, PTWC

USGS. CISN

-HAV

E

CAP

CAP

CAP

ERAS

ProtocolsIEEE 1512CAP, TSO, EDXL-DE, -HAVE, -RM, -TEP, others.


IPAWS Introduction - 3 Digital broadcast

transmission redundancy for alerts and files. Convert EAS+ to or relay CAP or EDXL-DE.

Emergency Management using EDXL and CAP protocols

EAS+ broadcasting,Cable, telco and satellite.

Cellphones (WEA)

Emergency Telephone Notification (R911)

Fire/Evacuation alarms, PA venues, sirens, vendors, others

Computer networks, ISP, business & project

ERAS


More Complex


Opinion -1

Considerable dissatisfaction expressed at FEMA/FCC summit for EAS

This Federal and large disaster system is little used by local EMOs because it is currently unsuitable and it cannot be incorporated into exercises

Original encoder/decoders mostly over 10 years old and due for replacement

HD radio & digital TV offer possibilities


Opinion -2 Terrorists strike locally, but the current large

area architecture is to the advantage of terrorists impact.

E.g. Canada and other languages (e.g. Spanish, French) have no provision for local implementation

Better selectivity to avoid irrelevant messages Less effort by broadcast staff, perhaps EMO

also Better integration into program automation and

hence flow.


Acronyms - 1 AMBER Alert Anyone Missing Broadcast Emergency Response,

named after Amber, a kidnapped & murdered child ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange, an 8

bit code for the letters, numbers and other characters ATSC Advanced Television Standards Committee, the U.S. digital

TV standard CAP Common Alert Protocol, an XML type of file for sending

alerts CDC Center for Disease Control CISN California Integrated Seismic Network CMS Crisis Management System EAS Emergency Alert System EAS+ A significantly improved version of EAS EBS Emergency Broadcast System (obsolete) EDXL-DE Emergency Data Exchange Language – Distribution

Element, another XML file format for emergency messages/files EDXL-HAVE Hospital Availability status


Acronyms - 2 EDXL-RIM Resource Information Model EDXL-RM Resource Messaging EDXL-TEP Transfer Emergency Patients EMO Emergency Management Office ENDEC Encoder-DECoder, an EAS/EAS+ device a broadcaster

installs EPROM Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory, FLASH is

another technology, but is read-write. ERAS Earthquake Rapid-Alert System, an EAS+ mode FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency (USA) HHS Health & Human Services (medical data standards) IC Integrated Circuit (silicon chip in laymen's terms) ICS Incident Command System IPAWS Integrated Public Alert and Warning System, uses CAP

messages to trigger other alerting systems

EAS+ Overview 15

Acronyms - 3 HL7 Health Level 7 MIL, NG Military, National Guard MOU Memorandum Of Understanding NIEM National Information Exchange Model NIMS National Incident Management System NPC National Poison Center OS Operating System for computer PA Public Address system at venue or mall PTWC Pacific Tsunami Warning Center TSO Tactical Situation Object (EDXL-DE transport) UICDS Unified Incident Command & Decision Support WAN Wide Area computer Network WARSEPS another name for a CAP WAN WEA cellphone Wireless Emergency Alerts (was CMAS)


Societal Situation

Separation of Science/Technology and Religion

Separation of Church and StateLimited appreciation of Politics and

Science/Technology of each otherDisasters ignore all of the above, but the

above make development of solutions difficult.


Paradigm and Value aspect

Government Mandate; these may differ between governments, technically limited

Standards Based; best technology, global economics advantage

Value Based Paradigm; needs market research and including all stakeholders

What is the relationship between severity and frequency of disasters, to decide value?


The Primary Thrusts

The Value Base Paradigm Standards-based to realize better technology

and the economics of consumer electronics, rather than one specification for one country.

A redefinition of the protocol in binary which is compatible with ASCII to take advantage of the possibilities with digital TV and HD radio.

These three are complementary like the sides of a triangle. CAP Broadcast future direction.


Value Based Paradigm

The value of a message is the Importance of the message times the number of recipients it is important to, less the Annoyance of the population receiving the message who are not intended recipients.

This depends on the Event code and the Customer selection ability to select important messages.

Market research is needed


Value of different technologies

The different technologies can vary by;P, the penetration into the coverage area

as a fraction of the population reached at any time.

R, the response time of the technology, earthquakes require rapid response

F, the maximum frequency of usage


A Value Graph


IPAWS

Integrated Public Alert Warning System Common Alert Protocol & EDXL based Varying alerting technologies, e.g.; EAS+/ERAS Cellphone Text Broadcast Email/texting Emergency Telephone Notification (R911) Fire Alarms & PA Systems (& Sirens) Future delivery to computers of alerts and

publication files (CAP Broadcast mode EAS+)


EAS+ improvements over EAS Capabilities beyond current CAP and EDXL

standards Backward compatible with EAS for simple

migration. Old encoder/decoders OK for analog with software upgrade.

Priority scheme, 1 is immediate override, others can be scheduled by automation

First responders exercise mode Future delivery to computers of alerts and

publication files (CAP Broadcast mode EAS+)


EAS+ improvements - 2A tunneling mode possible to replace the

daisy chain so LP audience not receiving alerts for distant areas.

Response time in seconds for priority 1, for an earthquake alerting system, ERAS

Selectivity by location by county sector or polygon defined

Car radios can use polygons with navigation systems, good for jurisdictions


EAS+ improvements -3Selectivity by polygons to 1 yard/meter

resolution (or better)Selectivity by receiver category

(vehicles, Intelligent Highway Sign)Selectivity by user category (e.g. first

responder)Customer adjustable selectivity, by

feature or other (e.g. priority, night shift)More Event Codes for local emergencies


EAS+ improvements -4

Country code Language code, and up to six languages of

audio (text via CAP?) e.g. for Braille devices AMBER Alert pictures To Fire Alarm/PA systems possible Multistate broadcast coverage possible for

message routing (e.g. NYC to 3 states) Automated QC and value calculation with

monitoring receivers and emails


EAS+ improvements -5Standards based architecture means that

consumer electronics manufacturers can add this as a feature for the small additional cost. Other countries adopting this would be aided by the volume economics of consumer electronics.

CAP becoming world standard, EDXL is a standard, EAS+ also is possible

CAP Broadcast mode for file broadcast, e.g. maps of flood areas.


EAS+ improvements -6

An EAS+ message can be used to regenerate a CAP/EDXL message. This is useful in the event of CAP distribution network failure. EAS really can’t do that

EAS+ compatible encoder/decoders are already available, with an application upgrade that also supports the FEMA CAP to EAS specification available soon

An EAS+ text protocol is appropriate, based on closed captioning EIA-708


The EAS+ Protocol

( Repeated 3 times) PREAMBLE-ZCZC-ORG-EEE-PSSCCC+TTTT-JJJHHMM-LLLLLLLL

The optional polygon string would be inserted here

1-second pause 8-25 Second Attention Signal Then spoken content, or video or text. 1-second pause (Repeated 3 times) PREAMBLE-NNNN


The EAS+ Protocol -2

ORG is the organizationEEE is the Event CodePSSCCC is the jurisdiction area, this

includes the UN location code as an option, and defines county sectors and if or how polygons are to be used

TTTT is the originating time, and also has the codes for the secondary, tertiary and quaternary languages if used


EAS+ Protocol -3

JJJ The Julian day number of the day as of UTC.

The first J also encodes the primary language

The second J also encodes the duration of the audio message

The third J also indicates if and the frequency of repetition of broadcast message


EAS+ Protocol -4 HHMM The UTC time of the origination The tens of hours also indicates the receiver

category The last H and first M also indicates the mode

as normal or Daisy chain/mesh relay mode The units of M also indicates the severity and

certainty in CAP The first L indicates urgency and all L, the

originator Urgent increases priority by 1 (except 1)


Implementation Every broadcaster, cable TV and telco TV

would need an encoder/decoder with appropriate receivers and CAP WAN interface

The broadcasters install the encoder/decoder just before the limiters/legalizers

Interface to compression systems can also be appropriate

ISPs, Fire Alarms, PA systems, Cell towers need receivers in the future

Consumer electronics improves with new products added features, but takes time


Implementation of EAS+ mesh

The yellow arrow is alerts or files Minimum of 3 stations to begin

Emergency Management using EDXL and CAP protocols

Digital TV (or analog TV with PL audio for data modulation) LP1

HD Radio station or another digital TV station. LP2

Another digital TV or radio station

Analog radio station alerts, cannot be used to feed another broadcaster

Other digital broadcasters or redundant path

To others ASAP


3 Learning Points - Recap

EAS+ is a broadcast alerting and file distribution system that saves lives, e.g. Samoa, though the features are limited when only analog broadcasting is available.

IPAWS is a system of systems for emergency management using CAP and EDXL protocols. These protocols are developed by www.oasis-open.org.

Severe non-human project risks are increasingly becoming manageable instead of invoking the “Acts of G_d” clause. Loss of life of project staff to disasters can be mitigated. Loss of time is also more manageable by allowing time for mitigation measures when appropriate. A response time of seconds is useful for tsunamis and of potential for earthquake mitigation at the time.


Conclusion Numerous problems, and numerous solutions

to address them, including market research Standards for Computer Aided Dispatch &

others can be compatible, IEEE 1512, TSO, ISO 22301.

Some complementary software appropriate Deployment will take time, but transistor prices

are falling. Should become an insignificant extra cost for this consumer electronics feature. An Appendix on value follows.

www.globalcom123.com/eas for downloads

http://www.globalcom123.com/eas


Appendix; Value Based Paradigm

Must be applicable to all alerting systems

severity thisof disasters offrequency theis fyempiricall determined constant, a isk

millionsin Population is Pmfactors.other including deaths, tonormalizedSeverity is S where

k/fS/Pm

EAS+ IPAW ERAS Overview 38

Appendix; Value based equation

)}}(),(){,()()({1

nrCnpCEAnrEIV Nn

n

messagereceivingpopulationpmessageirrelevantofAnnoyanceA

relevantarethatrecipientsofnumberrceporImessageofvaluevrpAIrv

_____

)__(__tanIm

__)(

39

Appendix; Value Aspects

Where E is the Event CodeC is the Customer choice of selectivity

by equipment feature and operationMarket research is needed to assess

these values(apologies for PowerPoint math quality)Dr. Rita Kepner has written an excellent

thesis on EAS efficiency. http://tinyurl.com/eas-dissert

EAS+ IPAWS & ERAS Overview

ipaws, eas + and eras overview

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