ip version 6.0
TRANSCRIPT
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Technical Seminar Presentation
On
IP Version-6.0
Presented By:Sourav Kumar Sahoo Roll# CS200118234
Under the Guidance
Of
Mr. Dutikrushna Panda
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Structure of Presentation What is IP(Internet protocol)?
Introduction to IP Version-6.0
What is IP Version-4.0?
Features of IP Version-6.0
Address space and syntax
Types of Addresses in IP Version-6.0
Advantages and Disadvantages
Comparison and Differences
Application
Conclusion
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A protocol is an agreement between the
communicating parties on how communicationis to proceed.
The glue that holds the whole Internet togetheris the network layer protocol,(Internet
protocol).
What is IP(Internet protocol)?
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The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has developed asuite of protocols and standards known as IP version 6(IPv6).
This new version, previously called IP-The Next Generation(IPng), incorporates the concepts of many proposed methodsfor updating the IPv4 protocol.
The design of IPv6 is intentionally targeted for minimalimpact on upper and lower layer protocols by avoiding the
random addition of new features.
Introduction to IP Version-6.0
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What is IP Version-4.0?IPv4 has proven to be robust, easily implemented and
interoperable, and has stood the test of scaling an internetwork to a global utility the size of today's Internet.
The initial design did not anticipate the following :-
The recent exponential growth of the Internet and theimpending exhaustion of the IPv4 address space.
The growth of the Internet and the ability of Internetbackbone routers to maintain large routing tables.
The need for simpler configuration.
The requirement for security at the IP level.
The need for better support for real-time delivery of dataalso called quality of service (QoS).
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Features of IP Version-6.0 New header format
Large address space
Efficient and hierarchical addressing and routing
infrastructure Stateless and stateful address configuration Built-in security
Better support for QoS
New protocol for neighboring node interaction Extensibility
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The size of an address in IPv6 is 128 bits, which is four times thelarger than an IPv4 address.
A 32-bit address space allows for 232 or 4,294,967,296 possibleaddresses.
A 128-bit address space allows for340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 (or3.4*1038) possible addresses.
It is important to remember that the decision to make the IPv6address 128 bits in length was not so that every square meter ofthe Earth could have 6.5*1023 addresses.
The use of 128 bits allows for multiple levels of hierarchy andflexibility in designing hierarchical addressing and routing thatis currently lacking on the IPv4-based Internet.
Address space and syntax
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Address space and syntax
IPv4 addresses are represented in dotted-decimalformat.
This 32-bit address is divided along 8-bit
boundaries. Each set of 8 bits is converted to itsdecimal equivalent and separated by periods.
For IPv6, the 128-bit address is divided along 16-bitboundaries, and each 16-bit block is converted to a4-digit hexadecimal number and separated bycolons.
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There are three types of IPv6 addresses:
Unicast
Multicast
Anycast
Types of Addresses in IP Version-6.0
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Advantages
Same field as in IPV-4 but with different version numbers.
Internet header length Removed in IPv6.
Type of service replaced by the IPv6 Traffic Class field.
Type of service replaced by the IPv6 Payload Length field,which only indicates the size of the payload.
Identification removed in IPv6.
MLD (the replacement for IGMP for IPv4)
Time to Live Replaced by the IPv6 Hop Limit field.
In IPv6, bit-level error detection for the entire IPv6 packet isperformed by the link layer.
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Destination Unreachable
Packet Too Big
Time Exceeded
Parameter Problem
Disadvantages
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Differences
IPv4 IPv6Source and destination
addresses are 32 bits (4
bytes) in length.
Source and destination
addresses are 128 bits (16
bytes) in length.
IPSec support is optional. IPSec support is required.
Header includes a checksum. Header does not include a
checksum.
Fragmentation is supported
at both routers and the
sending host.
Fragmentation is not
supported at routers. It is
only supported at the
sending host.
No identification of packetflow for QoS handling by
routers is present within
the IPv4 header
Packet flow identificationfor QoS handling by routers
is included in the IPv6
header using the Flow Label
field.
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Comparisons
IPv4 Address IPv6 AddressInternet address classes Not applicable in IPv6
Multicast addresses
(224.0.0.0/4)IPv6 multicast addresses
(FF00::/8)
Public IP addresses Aggregatable global unicast
addresses
Unspecified address is 0.0.0.0 Unspecified address is 0.0.0.0
Loopback address is 127.0.0.1Loopback address is 127.0.0.1
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ApplicationThe capture and parsing of IPv6 traffic is supported by Microsoft NetworkMonitor, supplied with both Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS)version 2.0 and Windows 2000 Server.
The Microsoft Research IPv6 Implementation is an IPv6 protocol that runson both Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 2000.
The Microsoft Research IPv6 Implementation runs as a separate protocolcontaining its own versions of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) andUser Data gram Protocol (UDP).
The Microsoft IPv6 Technology Preview for Windows 2000 is a derivative ofthe Microsoft Research IPv6 Implementation that is intended for applicationdevelopers.
IPv6 Packets are also used in LAN Media.
As its name suggests, the Microsoft IPv6 Technology Preview for Windows2000 can only be installed on a computer running any version of Windows2000 with Service Pack.
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ConclusionThis paper discussed the new IPv6 protocol suite by comparing,where possible, the IPv6 protocol suite to similar features orconcepts that currently exist in IPv4. This paper discussed how
IPv6 resolves IPv4 protocol design issues, the new IPv6 headerand extension headers, ICMPv6 (the replacement for ICMP forIPv4), MLD (the replacement for IGMP for IPv4), IPv6 NeighborDiscovery processes that manage interaction betweenneighboring IPv6 nodes, and IPv6 address auto configuration.While not in prevalent use today, the future of the Internet will be
IPv6-based. It is important to gain an understanding of thisstrategic protocol to begin planning for the eventual adoption ofand migration to IPv6.
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