iot-lite: a lightweight semantic model for the internet of things
TRANSCRIPT
IoT-Lite: A Lightweight Semantic Model for the Internet of Things
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Maria Bermudez-Edo (University of Granada), Tarek Elsaleh, Payam Barnaghi (University of Surrey), Kerry Taylor (The Australian National University/University of Surrey)
2P. Barnaghi et al., "Digital Technology Adoption in the Smart Built Environment", IET Sector Technical Briefing, The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), I. Borthwick (editor), March 2015.
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Sensor devices are becoming widely available
- Programmable devices- Off-the-shelf gadgets/tools
Internet of Things: The story so far
RFID based solutions
Wireless Sensor andActuator networks
, solutions for communication
technologies, energy efficiency, routing, …
Smart Devices/Web-enabled
Apps/Services, initial products,
vertical applications, early concepts and demos, …
Motion sensor
Motion sensor
ECG sensor
Physical-Cyber-Social Systems, Linked-data,
semantics, M2M, More products, more
heterogeneity, solutions for control and
monitoring, …
Future: Cloud, Big (IoT) Data Analytics, Interoperability,
Enhanced Cellular/Wireless Com. for IoT, Real-world operational
use-cases and Industry and B2B services/applications,
more Standards…
Data in the IoT
− Data is collected by sensory devices and also crowd sensing sources.
− It is time and location dependent.− It can be noisy and the quality can vary. − It is often continuous - streaming data.− Data is gathered from various heterogeneous
sources and in various format and representations.
− Often the value is in integrating data from different sources and in creating an ecosystem of systems.
Device/Data interoperability
6The slide adapted from the IoT talk given by Jan Holler of Ericsson at IoT Week 2015 in Lisbon.
Heterogeneity, multi-modality and volume are among the key issues.
We need interoperable and machine-interpretable solutions…
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Semantic Sensor Web
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“The semantic sensor Web enables interoperability and advanced analytics for situation awareness and other advanced applications from heterogeneous sensors.” (Amit Sheth et al, 2008)
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Some good existing models: SSN Ontology
Ontology Link: http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/ssnx/ssnM. Compton et al, "The SSN Ontology of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator Group", Journal of Web Semantics, 2012.
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There are several good models and description frameworks;
The problem is that having good models and developing ontologies are not enough.
Semantic descriptions are intermediary solutions, not the end product.
They should be transparent to the end-user and probably to the data producer as well.
Data Lifecycle
11Source: The IET Technical Report, Digital Technology Adoption in the Smart Built Environment: Challenges and opportunities of data driven systems for building, community and city-scale applications, http://www.theiet.org/sectors/built-environment/resources/digital-technology.cfm
Semantics in IoT networks
WSN
WSN
WSN
WSNWSN
Network-enabled Devices
Semantically annotate data
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GatewayCoAP
HTTP
CoAP
CoAP
HTTP
6LowPAN
Semantically annotate data
http://mynet1/snodeA23/readTemp?
WSNMQTT
MQTT
Gateway
network-enabled devices
Gateway
An overview of IoT-Lite
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An example
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Design Rules (1)
−Design for large-scale.−Think of who will use the semantics and
design for their needs (keep the minimum required tags).
−Provide means to update and change the semantic annotations (not covered).
−Create tools for validation and interoperability testing (TBD).
−Create taxonomies and vocabularies.
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Design Rules (2)
− Re-use existing models.− Link data and descriptions to other existing
resources.− Define rules and/or best practices for providing
the values for each property.− Keep it simple.− Create effective methods, tools and APIs to
handle and process the semantics.
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Evaluations- data size
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Comparison with the IoT-A model
Evaluations- Query Time
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Query performed in the experiments
Evaluations- Query Time
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Round Time Trip (RTT) of the queries required to retrieve the endpoint.
IoT-lite ontology
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IoT-Lite
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http://www.w3.org/Submission/iot-lite/
In Conclusion
− The IoT-Lite Ontology provides an extensible way to describe devices acting as sensors, actuators or tags in terms of their attributes and associated units of measure, as well as the device's physical location and area of coverage.
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In Conclusion
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- Semantic descriptions are intermediary solutions, not the end product.
- They, usually, should be transparent to the end-user and probably to the data producer as well.
In Conclusion
−IoT-Lite (or any other similar model) should be offered with:−Tools for annotation (similar to SAOPY)
−http://iot.ee.surrey.ac.uk/citypulse/ontologies/sao/saopy.html
−Tools for validation (similar to the SSN validator)
−http://iot.ee.surrey.ac.uk/SSNValidation/−Best practices −Sample code and sample datasets
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Acknowledgment
The research leading to these results has received fundingfrom the European Commission’s in the Seventh FrameworkProgramme for the FIWARE project under grant agreementno. 632893 and in the H2020 for FIESTA-IoT project undergrant agreement no. CNECT-ICT-643943.
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