iot based smart city mangement using ias: a survey
TRANSCRIPT
IOT BASED SMART CITY MANGEMENT USING
IAS: A Survey
Pranali Nitnaware, Mrudula Nimbarte
J. D. College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, MH, India J. D. College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, MH, India
Abstract: One of the key factors in the current IT systems in Indian administrative organizations is the
lack of easy access to data by entities outside the organization, especially for machine applications.
Though data is abundant, it is unless fastened up in fashionable arrangements or unavailable because of a
shortage of APIs. In this report, we look at architectural constructs that will facilitate the straightforward
exchange of data. Hence we take a data information-centric view of the reference architecture as opposed
to an application/communication-centric view. IoT (Internet of Things) is a new technology that has
emerged over the last few years and it promises a further explosion of data sources. This technology will
essentially allow any “thing” to produce and communicating data. For instance, every streetlight, lamp
post, garbage bin, transformer, etc.–almost anything one chooses, can be made to continuously report
their status, their observations, their usage patterns, etc. Downstream business administration can use
this data processes to provide timely, efficient, value-added services. In this statement, we surround
ourselves privately to architectural constructs to merge these new IoT-based schemes in the Smart City
foundation.
Keywords: Internet of Things, APIs, Application, Smart City.
1. INTRODUCTION
It has been well recognized that data/information connectivity will be key to enable the
emergence of new smart applications and its main ingredient is the concept of linked data. What
this entails is there should be some additional data about the data called meta-data that can place
the data in a broader context. However, if that number stream is annotated with additional
information like the location of the device, the make of the device, the units of the reading, the
time samples, etc., it allows for a richer and more meaningful interpretation of the data stream,
uniquely by new users. While it is not challenging technologically to provide this meta-data, in
practice there are no agreed-upon standards nor requirements to provide this. Hence, a key
aspect of our study is to look at possible data formats (or schemas) that could be used for IoT
The ongoing implementations of Smart City solutions, have tended to be “soloed”, i.e. each
application has an end-to-end implementation that stands alone, and doesn’t interact with other
applications. In the IoT context, devices can be integrated based on the geographic location and
evaluated by using an analyzing system. Sensor services for the collection of particular data can
be used with several occurring projects concerning the monitoring of cyclists, vehicles, public
parking lots, etc. Many service domain applications use IoT infrastructure to facilitate operations
in air and noise pollution, the mobility of vehicles, and surveillance systems.
.
Figure 1. The main applications of the IoT
Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735
Volume 23, Issue 4, April - 2021 Page-117
2. Literature Review
Survey of Existing Methods
Jayti Bhatt, Jignesh Patoliya entitled “Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring System”. This
paper describes ensuring the safe supply of drinking water the quality should be monitored in
real-time for that purpose new approach to IoT (Internet of Things) based water quality
monitoring has been proposed. In this paper, we present the design of IOT based water
quality monitoring system that monitors the quality of water in real-time. This system
consists some sensors which measure the water quality parameter such as pH, turbidity,
conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature. The measured values from the sensors are
processed by a microcontroller and these processed values are transmitted remotely to the
core controller that is raspberry pi using Zigbee protocol. Finally, sensor data can view on an
internet browser application using cloud computing. [2].
Michal Lom, Ondrej Pribyl, Miroslav Svitek entitled “Industry 4.0 as a Part of Smart Cities”.
This paper describes the conjunction of the Smart City Initiative and the concept of Industry
4.0. The term smart city has been a phenomenon of the last years, which is very inflected
especially since 2008 when the world was hit by the financial crisis. The main reasons for the
emergence of the Smart City Initiative are to create a sustainable model for cities and preserve
the quality of life of their citizens. The topic of the smart city cannot be seen only as a
technical discipline, but different economic, humanitarian or legal aspects must be involved as
well. In the concept of Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things (IoT) shall be used for the
development of so–called smart products. Subcomponents of the product are equipped with
their intelligence. Added intelligence is used both during the manufacturing of a product as
well as during subsequent handling, up to continuous monitoring of the product lifecycle
(smart processes). Other important aspects of Industry 4.0 are Internet of Services (IoS),
which includes especially intelligent transport and logistics (smart mobility, smart logistics),
as well as Internet of Energy (IoE), which determines how the natural resources are used in the
proper way (electricity, water, oil, etc.). IoT, IoS, IoP, and IoE can be considered as an
element that can create a connection of the Smart City Initiative and Industry 4.0 – Industry
4.0 can be seen as a part of smart cities.[3].
Zhanwei Sun, Chi Harold Li, Chatschik Bisdikian, Joel W. Branch and Bo Yang entitled “QOI-
Aware Energy Management in Internet-of-Things Sensory Environments”. In this paper, an
efficient energy management framework to provide satisfactory QOI experience in IoT sensory
environments is studied. Contrary to past efforts, it is transparent and compatible to lower protocols
in use, and preserving energy-efficiency in the long run without sacrificing any attained QOI levels.
Specifically, the new concept of QOI-aware “sensor-to-task relevancy” explicitly considers the
sensing capabilities offered by a sensor to the IoT sensory environments, and QOI requirements
required by a task. A novel concept of the “critical covering set” of any given task in selecting the
sensors to service a task over time. Energy management decision is made dynamically at runtime,
as the optimum for long-term traffic statistics under the constraint of the service delay. Finally, an
extensive case study based on utilizing the sensor networks to perform water level monitoring is
given to demonstrate the ideas and algorithms proposed in this paper, and a simulation is made to
show the performance of the proposed algorithms. [4].
Husam Rajab; Tibor Cinkelr IEEE Xplore: 12 November 2018
The massive deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) is allowing Smart City projects and
initiatives all over the world. The IoT is a modular approach to merge various sensors with all
the ICT solutions. Over 50 billion objects will be connected and deployed in smart cities in
2020. The heart of smart city operations is IoT communications. IoT is designed to support the
Smart City concept, which aims at utilizing the most advanced communication technologies to
promote services for the administration of the city and the citizens.
Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735
Volume 23, Issue 4, April - 2021 Page-118
This paper is presenting a comprehensive review of the concepts of IoT and smart cities and
their motivations and applications. Moreover, this paper describes the main challenges and
weaknesses of applying the IoT technologies based on smart city paradigms [5].
Andrea Zanella IEEE the Internet of Things (IoT) shall be able to incorporate transparently
and seamlessly a large number of different and heterogeneous end systems while providing
open access to selected subsets of data for the development of a plethora of digital services.
Building a general architecture for the IoT is hence a very complex task, mainly because of the
extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved
in such a system. In this paper, we focus specifically on an urban IoT system that, while still
being quite a broad category, is characterized by its specific application domain. Urban IoTs
are designed to support the Smart City vision, which aims at exploiting the most advanced
communication technologies to support added-value services for the administration of the city
and the citizens. This paper hence provides a comprehensive survey of the enabling
technologies, protocols, and architecture for an urban IoT. Furthermore, the paper will present
and discuss the technical solutions and best-practice guidelines adopted in the Padova Smart
City project, a proof-of-concept deployment of an IoT island in the city of Padova, Italy,
performed in collaboration with the city municipality[6].
Robert R. Harmon The smart city concept represents a compelling platform for IT-enabled
service innovation. It offers a view of the city where service providers use information
technologies to engage with citizens to create more effective urban organizations and systems
that can improve the quality of life. The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) model is
foundational to the development of smart cities. The integrated cloud-oriented architecture of
networks, software, sensors, human interfaces, and data analytics are essential for value
creation. IoT smart-connected products and the services they provide will become essential for
the future development of smart cities. This paper will explore the smart city concept and
propose a strategy development model for the implementation of IoT systems in a smart city
context [7].
Jally Sahoo Now a day, governments of different countries are considering implementing the
smart city concept in their major cities in social, technical, economic, and political sectors by
executing big data applications, thus offering opportunities for constant refinement of the
concept of the smart city. Smart cities utilize multiple technologies to improve the performance
of health, transportation, energy, education, water services, and waste management system to
improve the living standards of their citizens. In the transportation system, the city government
needed better ways to monitor and manage local traffic to provide better transportation services
to the public. The digital monitoring devices installed in the city's key checkpoints capture
images and video data continuously. The increasing amount of traffic data now poses
challenges in the city's ability to effectively manage traffic. One of the recent technologies that
have a huge potential to address the challenge is big data analytics. Effective analysis and
utilization of big data is a key factor for success in many business and service domains,
including the smart city domain. This paper presents a detailed review on different issues and
applications of it in smart city implementation under a heterogeneous network condition such
as cloud computing, wireless network, and smart grid applications [8].
3. Proposed Algorithm
When decrease or mapping effects are discovered on varied gathered machines, supplementary
programming logic necessity is appended to locate and aggregate effects from each machine as
necessitated. Besides, pieces of a product must be earmarked (mapped) to certain machines in a
custom that does not influence the outcomes. Throughout the association of idioms, for
occurrence, one decision should not be burst crossed various nodes since this could cause idioms
to be burst crossed joints and afterward craved throughout idiom testimony as a conclusion.
Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735
Volume 23, Issue 4, April - 2021 Page-119
Map mitigation schemes can extend in size from one computer to thousands of grouped
workstations in some enterprise-level manners. The C# programming language offers a chain of
thread-safe items that can pleasantly and instinctively be used to create map decrease habit
programs. The subsequent subdivisions explain some of these objects and show examples of
how to implement robust resemblance map compression manners using them.
1. Creating a dataset
2. Implementing the algorithm (NLP)
3. Implementing text filter
4. Data formation module
5. Data structuring module
Figure 2. Flow chart for proposed system
3.1 Research Methodology
The end IoT devices can only interact with a specific vendor software stack. This kills the
interoperability of the IoT devices. While a “dumb” bulb from any number of different vendors
could be used before, now one could get locked into a “smart” bulb from only a single vendor.
This is principally due to the deficiency of an agreed-upon data schema/data design for the IoT
projects.
The data from the devices is locked up in the vendor system in proprietary formats. Hence it is
not easy for the owner (city) to share or reuse the data for other purposes – or even monetize it
later. The application for visualization/dashboarding and control of the devices are tightly
coupled to the devices. For instance, it will not be easy for a 3 party to develop a control
application for the same IoT devices. An analysis of the use cases of the Indian smart cities
(Appendix A) will indicate that some of the sensors – especially the cameras, can be used across
several different applications provided the right analytics are developed. With the contemporary
implementation method, this is not quickly doable – except the equal businessperson conveys up
this responsibility.
One of the key resources for the cities will be data. Easy access to data will of course be of great
benefit to the city administration itself in terms of adopting “data-driven policy and decision
making”. Besides, easy access to data could spur innovations and novel applications that will
benefit the citizens
Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735
Volume 23, Issue 4, April - 2021 Page-120
4. Expected Outcome
Figure 3. System Block Flow
Resource endpoints that allow one to access a specific instance or subset of the resource data
items will be serviced by Datastores (or databases). For example, these endpoints can be used
for requesting the last known state of a streetlight or the values of the luminance level over the
past week from a particular street light. These will be serviced by database queries in the back
end. The type of database used to store the resource values will be indicated in the meta-data for
the resource in the catalog and hence the appropriate APIs can be used by applications to access
the desired information. This mechanism will allow a diverse set of stores to be used – each
tuned for the kind of data represented by the resource. Most databases offer REST APIs for
interactions. Modern database technologies can also be readily acquired in the eventuality.
Conclusion
The city should get a further proactive performance and have inspirations to obtain everything
that happens. So for example a minimum volume and period guarantee for a service-at-a-price
contract would make the vendor provide very good offers. The City can discover different price
points for different levels of guaranteed volumes and make a decision based on a realistic
assessment of what can be done. This will also force different government departments to
coordinate far more actively than in the past. This is anyway a prerequisite for the long-term
vision of Smart City Mission.
The proposed system will attract the common man to register any complaint otherwise neglect to
register complaints since he/she has to personally visit the office and give the complaint in
writing. This system reduces the paperwork which is required to note down complaint registered
by users also maintaining a database is easier than the file system. The user can easily view the
status of their registered problem.
In the future, we can extend this project for Municipal Corporation by extending Problem
solving modules. We can also develop this project in Android.
Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735
Volume 23, Issue 4, April - 2021 Page-121
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Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735
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