ionic compounds lg: i can write formulas and draw lewis structures for ionic compounds
TRANSCRIPT
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Ionic Compounds
LG: I can write formulas and draw Lewis structures for ionic compounds
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Chemical Compounds
• A compound is a group of two or more atoms/ions held together by chemical bonds– Compounds can be ionic or molecular
• A chemical bond is the force holding two atoms or ions together in a compound (“invisible glue”)– Chemical bonds can be ionic or covalent
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Formation of Ionic Compounds• An ionic compound forms when a nonmetal
removes an electron from a metal. – The resulting ions have opposite charge and are
attracted to each other– This electrostatic attraction is an ionic bond
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Structure of Ionic Compounds• Ionic compounds do not exist in
the simplest ratio of ions; they form large arrangements called crystal lattice structures
• Crystals of different ionic compounds have different 3-D shapes
• The smallest repeating unit is called a formula unit
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Properties of Ionic Compounds • Hard & have high melting and boiling
points– Each +ve ion is attracted to many –ve
ions (& vice versa); bonds resist being stretched
• Brittle– A sudden force offsets the lattice
structure and causes ions with the same charge to come into contact and repel
• Ionic compound are soluble in water and form electrolytes– Ions separate from one another and
can carry electric charge
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Using Lewis Structures to Represent Ionic Bonds
• Lewis Dot Diagrams for atoms:– ie.
• Lewis Dot diagrams for ions: – ie.
• Lewis structures for ionic compounds:– Ie.
• The lowest ratio of ions that produces a neutral compound is the chemical formula: NaCl
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Practice: Lewis Structures• Draw Lewis diagrams for the following atoms:
Mg Li F O N K Ca S
• Draw Lewis for each element above as an ion:
• Draw Lewis structures for the following ionic compounds:Lithium Fluoride Magnesium FluoridePotassium Oxide Calcium SulfideLithium Nitride Magnesium Nitride
• Write chemical formulas for each compounds above:
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Homework
• New Book: Pg. 60 # 1 – 5, 7, 8• Old Book: Pg. 71 # 1 – 5, Pg. 73 # 9, Pg. 74 # 11