i/o ports and devices chapter 9 release 22/10/2010powered by dj

I/O Ports and Devices

Chapter 9

Release 22/10/2010 powered by dj

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Objectives

Define portsIdentify the different portsWork with the IEEE 1394 bus Configure IRQTroubleshoot ports


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Ports and show Introduction from CBT

Entry and exit point for data from the system

Connects the system and a device using a connecting cable

Located at the back or the front side of the system case

Ports have different shapes and sizes and you can not insert a plug in the wrong port


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Port Symbols

Symbol Port

Serial / COM

Parallel

USB

IEEE 1394 / Firewire

PS/2 – Keyboard

PS/2 – Mouse

Line In

Line Out

Microphone

Joystick

Bluetooth


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Question for GD Time Limit – 2 Mins

What is an I/O port?


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Types of Ports

Types of Ports

Serial Parallel DIN5 PS/2 Infrared Bluetooth USB Firewire


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List the different types of ports available in a PC.


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Types of ports with speed

Standard Data Rate Medium

Serial (RS232C) 115,200 bps Twisted PairParallel (IEEE 1284) 2 Mbps 25 Conductor cable

USB 480 Mbps Special 4 Wire Cable

IrDA 4 Mbps OpticalBluetooth 723 kbps RadioFirewire (IEEE 1394a) 400 Mbps Special 10 wire Cable

Firewire (IEEE 1394b) 800 Mbps Special 9 wire cable

eSATA 300 MBps 7 pin connection

HDMI 5Gbps 19 pin


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Serial Port and show through CBT

Sends and receives one bit of data at a time Known as the Communication or COM port Has 9 or 25 pins Connect devices such as the mouse, plotters and

modems If you need more serial ports, you can install

multi I/O card


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What are the different types of ports available in a PC?


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Parallel Port – I

Transmits eight bits of data at a time Has 25 pins Connects devices such as printers, scanners,

external hard drive and tape drive You can get more parallel ports by installing an

expansion card LPT1 uses IRQ7 and LPT2 uses IRQ5


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IEEE 1284

Compatibility Mode – used for directing data from computer to peripheral (output only)

Nibble Mode – 4 bit (Input only) Byte Mode – uses software drivers same as nibble

mode (8 bit) Enhanced Parallel Port Mode (EPP) – it is

hardware driven and bi-directional, high speed parallel port interface

Enhanced Capability Port Mode (ECP) – same as EPP uses DMA


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Parallel Port – II

Different types of parallel ports are:• Bidirectional – Uses byte and compatible mode for

data transmission• Standard Parallel Port (SPP) - Uses nibble and

compatible mode for data transmission• Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) - Provides data

transfer speed of 500 Kb to 2 Mb of data per second. It is built into super I/O chip or south bridge chip on motherboard

• Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP) - Provides increased data communication speed to connect printer or scanner and supports DMA


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List the different types of parallel port.


Sl. Types of Parallel Port

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PS/2 (Personal System/2)

Used to connect the keyboard and the mouseAvailable in a color that matches the color of

the device plug Uses 6 pins to connect the device

Mouse PortKeyboard Port


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Pin Diagram of PS/2

PS/2 keyboard connector (MINI-DIN6)

Connector Pin # Purpose

Pin 1 KBDAT (data)

Pin 2 not used

Pin 3 GND

Pin 4 VCC (+5V)

Pin 5 KBDCLK (clock)

Pin 6 not used


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Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Connects upto 127 devices to a single portSupplies power to the devicePlug-and-play supportMaximum cable length is 30m thus you can

connect 5 hubs to the USBUSB 1.0 – 1.5 Mbps, USB 1.1 – 12 Mbps and

USB 2.0 – 480 Mbps, USB 3.0 – 5000Mbps


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USB Connection & Pin Diagram


Pin No. Pin Name Description

1 Vcc +5V

2 D- Data-

3 D+ Data+

4 Gnd Ground

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Mention the speed of different USB versions and list the devices that can be connected to an USB port.


USB Version Speed

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USB Add-on Card and Hub


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Infrared Ports

Communicate with the system without using wires

Devices send out infrared signals that enter the system through this port

Infrared Port


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Bluetooth Port

Allows wireless communication between devices within a ranged distance

Uses 2.45 GHz frequency range for data communication

Speed is 1 or 2 Mbps depending on the version


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IEEE 1394 Bus

Enables fast and high serial data transfer rate of upto 800 Mb per second

Connects and supplies power to the connected devices such as printer, scanner, web camera and generally used for transferring audio and video data from a camera to the system

Known as FireWire by Apple and iLink by Sony


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FireWire 800 (IEEE 1394b-2002)

IEEE 1394b-2002 introduced FireWire 800 Transfer rate of 786.432 Mbit/s full-duplex Backwards compatible to the slower rates However, while the IEEE 1394a and IEEE 1394b

standards are compatible, FireWire 800's connector, referred to as a beta connector and 400's alpha connectors.

In 2003, Apple was the first to introduce commercial products with the new connector.


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List the different types of firewire and which device is generally connected through firewire port?


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S-video Port

Short for Super-Video, a technology for transmitting video signals over a cable by dividing the video information into two separate signals: one for color (chrominance), and the other for brightness (luminance).


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Digital Visual Interface (DVI) Port

Data is transmitted using the transition minimized differential signaling (TMDS) protocol, providing a digital signal from the PC's graphics subsystem to the display.

Supports UXGA and HDTV with a single set of links.


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High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Port

Used for audiovisual equipment such as HD television and home theater systems.

With 19 wires wrapped in a single cable that resembles a USB wire, HDMI is able to carry a bandwidth of 5 Gbps (gigabits per second).


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Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format (S/PDIF) Port

A digital audio format used for transporting stereo digital audio signals on PC audio cards, CD players, DVD players, car audio systems, and other systems which transmit or receive stereo digital audio.

Found on digital audio equipment such as a DAT (Digital Audio Tape) machine.

Allows the transfer of audio from one file to another without the conversion to and from an analog format, which could degrade the signal quality.


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eSATA

Key benefits of eSATA:• Up to 10 times faster than existing external storage

solutions: USB 2.0, & 1394

• Robust and user friendly external connection

• High performance, cost effective expansion storage

• Up to 2 meter shielded cables and connectors

• Applications: External Direct Attached Storage for notebooks, desktop, consumer electronics and entry servers.


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eSATA Cards


PCI Card PCIe

Card

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What is the difference between DVI and HDMI port and list the devices that can be connected to these ports?


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Interrupt Request (IRQ) - I

Used by devices to communicate with the microprocessor

IRQNumber

Typical Use

0 System timer

1 Keyboard

2 Interrupt for IRQs 8-15

3 Second serial port (COM2)

4 First serial port (COM1)

5 Sound card


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Interrupt Request (IRQ) - II6 Floppy disk controller

7 First parallel port. Used by the printer or any device using the parallel port.

8 Real-time clock

9 Open interrupt

10 Open interrupt

11 Open interrupt

12 PS/2 mouse

13 Floating point unit/coprocessor. Only used for internal signaling.

14 Primary IDE channel

15 Secondary IDE channel


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Practical

Perform the activity mentioned in Lab no. 1 in the text book:

• To change the IRQ line assigned to a device.


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6 Channel Sound Card

Line inLineMic inLeft Right RearLeft Right FrontWoofer


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What is a 6 channel sound card?


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Wireless LAN USB Adapter

By using this adapter desktop, notebook and laptop users can connect to a standard mobile network

Plugged to computer through a USB port Data Transfer Rate is 54 Mbps


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What is the application of wireless LAN USB adapter?


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Troubleshooting and show how to resolve IRQ conflict practically

While using the device, errors may occur if there is a problem with the I/O port

Different types of problems related with IO port:• Device not working properly

• IRQ conflicts


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Summary – I

A port is used to connect the system and a device together, using a connecting cable.

The ports have different shapes and sizes that prevent you from connecting a device to the wrong port.

A serial port sends and receives one bit of data at a time. The parallel port transmits eight bits of data at a time. The PS/2 port is used to connect the keyboard and mouse to

the system. The USB port connects and also supplies power to the device.


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Summary – II

Infrared ports enable wireless communication between the device and the system.

IEEE 1394 enables fast and high speed data transfer between the system and the connected devices.

Devices use the IRQ lines to communicate with the microprocessor.

IRQ conflicts occur when two hardware devices use the same IRQ line.


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Mind Map

Draw a mind map to summarize this chapter


i/o ports and devices chapter 9 release 22/10/2010powered by dj

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