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Producing Quality Products Since 1929 — Always Moving Forward!
Investor PresentationSidoti Inaugural Virtual Microcap Conference 2020
June 30, 2020
Disclaimer
Forward-Looking Statements
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by or on
behalf of Ampco-Pittsburgh Corporation (the “Corporation”). The information offered in this presentation may include, but are not limited
to, statements about operating performance, trends, events that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future, statements about sales
levels, restructuring, the impact from global pandemics (including COVID-19), profitability and anticipated expenses and cash outflows. All
statements in this document other than statements of historical fact are statements that are, or could be, deemed “forward-looking
statements” within the meaning of the Act and words such as “may,” “intend,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,”
“forecast” and other terms of similar meaning that indicate future events and trends are also generally intended to identify forward-looking
statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, are not guarantees of future
performance or expectations, and involve risks and uncertainties. For the Corporation, these risks and uncertainties include, but are not
limited to: cyclical demand for products and economic downturns; excess global capacity in the steel industry; increases in commodity
prices or shortages of key production materials; consequences of global pandemics (including COVID-19); new trade restrictions and
regulatory burdens associated with “Brexit”; inability of the Corporation to successfully restructure its operations; limitations in availability
of capital to fund the Corporation’s operations and strategic plan; inability to satisfy the continued listing requirements of the New York
Stock Exchange; potential attacks on information technology infrastructure and other cyber-based business disruptions; and those
discussed more fully elsewhere in documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the Corporation, particularly in Item
1A, Risk Factors, in Part I of the Corporation’s latest annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and Part II of the
latest Form 10-Q. The Corporation cannot guarantee any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. In addition, there
may be events in the future that the Corporation may not be able to predict accurately or control which may cause actual results to differ
materially from expectations expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Except as required by applicable law, we assume no
obligation, and disclaim any obligation, to update forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, events or otherwise.
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 2
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The Corporation presents certain non-GAAP financial measures, including adjusted income (loss) from continuing operations and adjusted EBITDA, as supplemental financials measure to GAAP financial measures regarding the Corporation’s operational performance. These non-GAAP financial measures exclude certain unusual items affecting comparability, as described more fully in the footnotes to the attached non-GAAP financial measures reconciliation schedules, which reconcile to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
The Corporation has presented non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from continuing operations because it is a key measure used by the Corporation’s management and Board of Directors to understand and evaluate the Corporation’s operating performance and to develop operational goals for managing the business. Management believes this non-GAAP financial measure provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating the operating results of the Corporation, enhancing the overall understanding of the Corporation’s past performance and future prospects, and allowing forgreater transparency with respect to key financial metrics used by management in its financial and operational decision-making. Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from continuing operations should be used only as a supplement to GAAP information, in conjunction with the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation of, or as an alternative to, measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are limitations related to the use of non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from continuing operations rather than GAAP income (loss) from continuing operations. Among other things, the Excess Costs of Avonmore, which are excluded from the non-GAAP financial measure, necessarily reflect judgments made by management in allocating manufacturing and operating costs between Avonmore and the Corporation’s other operations and in anticipating how the Corporation will conduct business following the sale of Avonmore, which was completed on September 30, 2019.
The Corporation presents non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA, defined as net (loss) income attributable to Ampco-Pittsburgh (which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure), with other (income) expense including interest expense, income tax provision (benefit), depreciation and amortization expense and other certain unusual items, as footnoted, added back. Management believes that adjusted EBITDA is widely used as a measure of operating performance and is a useful indicator of the Company’s operational strength and performance. Nevertheless, the measure should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net (loss) income, income (loss) from continuing operations, cash flows from operating activities or any othermeasure for determining liquidity that is calculated in accordance with GAAP.
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 3
The Vision
Our Vision is Simple:
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 4
#1 Market Share position for the customers we serve – Top Line
Growth
Deliver a Minimum Net Income of $25M – Financial Resilience
- Double Digit EBITDA Margin -
Underperforming and underutilized assets
The Problem
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 5
Significant gaps in leadership
Poor productivity impacting costs, product lead time, and predictability
of performance
Complex flow path and excessive overhead structure driving
unnecessary costs
Divest underperforming and non-core businesses
The Plan of Attack
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 6
Replace key leadership positions
Maximize core assets through operational efficiency improvements
growing margins, customer share, and opening new markets
Consolidate manufacturing footprint through asset upgrades further
reducing overhead, labor, and working capital
Ampco-Pittsburgh Corporation
A manufacturer of highly engineered, high-performance specialty metal products and customized equipment utilized by industry throughout the world.
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 7
Forged and Cast Engineered Products
Manufactures and develops metallurgical alloys and
processes for forged and cast hardened steel rolls used in
rolling mills by producers of steel, aluminum and other
metals. Produces ingot and forged engineered products
used in industries such as automotive tooling, plastic
injection molding, infrastructure, general industrial, and oil
& gas.
Air and Liquid Processing
Manufactures products such as heat exchangers, custom
designed air handling systems, and centrifugal pumps
used in a variety of end markets.
Headquarters: Carnegie, PA, U.S.
Founded in 1929
NYSE: AP
2019 Total Revenue: $397.9M(from Continuing Operations)
Market Capitalization: $36.58M (as of 6/25/2020)
Total Debt: $68.2M (as of 3/31/2020)
Ampco-Pittsburgh Global Footprint
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 8
Valparaiso, IN
Austintown, OH
Erie, PA
Carnegie, PA
Burgettstown, PA
Lynchburg, VA
North Tonawanda, NY
Amherst, VA
Gateshead, England Åkers Styckebruk, Sweden Ravne na Koroškem, Slovenia
Taiyuan, China
Xinjian Town Yixing, China
Maanshan, China
Locations
Manufacturing
Sales
Ampco-Pittsburgh Corporation
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 9
2019
Revenue*$305.6M $92.3M
2018
Revenue*$329.5M $89.9M
2017
Revenue*$297.3M $87.9M
* From Continuing Operations
Ampco-Pittsburgh Customers
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 10
Forged and Cast Engineered Products
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 11
$306M2019 NET SALES*
A world-leading manufacturer and partner for our rolling
mill customers in the development of specialty alloys for
forged and cast rolls.
Produces ingot and forged engineered products used
in industries such as automotive tooling, plastic injection
molding, infrastructure, general industrial, and oil & gas.
Global Footprint
Manufacturing Facilities: 5 in U.S., 3 in Europe,
3 JV’s in China
Global sales network
Key Customers:
ArcelorMittal, U.S. Steel, Novelis, Tata Steel,
Ternium, Nucor
* From Continuing Operations
Forged Engineered Products
7%
Forged and Cast Mill Rolls
93%
Key Rolling Mill Customers
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 12
DIVERSIFIED BASE OF GLOBALLY RECOGNIZABLE CUSTOMERS
Over 75% of the world’s steel and aluminum
products require rolling
End Markets for Forged and Cast Engineered Products
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 13
Steel and aluminum play critical roles in virtually every phase of our lives.
Source: World Steel Association
Basic Rolling Mill Manufacturing Process
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 14
Hot Rolled Strip Mill Manufacturing Process
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 15
This video is result of a collaboration between the Association for Iron & Steel Technology (AIST) and Purdue University Calumet’s Center for Innovation Through Visualization and Simulation (CIVS) with contributions from the Colorado School of Mines’ Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center (CSM-ASPPRC).
Rolls that last longer
The Customer’s Needs
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 16
Stability in mill performance
Rolls that meet stringent surface finish requirements
Easy access to quick and knowledgeable technical support
Highly-valued sales and technical support
representatives globally positioned to meet the
immediate needs of the customer
In-house melting and heat-treatment processes
enable material composition customization to
meet durability and stability requirements
Ability to offer broader range of roll types
in the industry
Union Electric Solutions
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 17
Barrier to entry: Significant financial capital
required
Union Electric vs. Competition
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 18
Ability to offer most diverse range of roll types and chemistries in the industry
Diversification into Open-Die Forging Market
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 19
Source: SMR Premium GmbH
Manufacturing requirements for open-die forge market are a strong match
for our manufacturing assets
Open-die Forge Addressable Market = $800M+
• Union Electric Market Share = 2.4%
Triple our market share by 2022
Energy15%
Oil & Gas12%
Mechanical Engineering
23%Heavy
Industry13%
Tool & Die22%
Aerospace2%
Others13%
Open-die forgings
are used in a variety of
industries:
Open-die Forging Market
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 20
Activity is currently underway with customers requiring custom forged steel products for
bridges, power generation, building construction, and more!
Air and Liquid Processing
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 21
$92M2019 NET SALES
Aerofin: Produces custom engineered heat exchangers
and heat transfer products used in industries such as
nuclear power, industrial process and HVAC
Buffalo Air Handling: Produces large custom air handling
systems used in commercial, institutional and industrial
buildings
Buffalo Pumps: Manufactures a line of centrifugal pumps
for refrigeration, power generation, and marine defense
Heat Exchange
Coils30%
Centrifugal Pumps39%
Air Handling Systems
31%
Key Aerofin Customers
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 22
Leader in the development, design, manufacturing, and service of technologically
advanced, highly engineered heat exchangers
Mission-Critical Functions Across Demanding End Markets
• Preferred supplier of heat exchangers to hospital emergencyrooms and for critical HVAC applications such as operatingrooms and sterilized laboratories
• Certified under stringent Air-Conditioning, Heating, andRefrigeration Institute (AHRI) performance testing and criteria
• Critical cooling for emergencies and personnel
• Designed to American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) pressure and temperature requirements
• Nuclear safety-related applications
Custom Heat Exchangers
Nuclear Power Generation
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 23
Quality, reliability, and design efficiency
The Customer’s Needs
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 24
Ease of selection for custom applications
Ability to customize with multiple options from one source
Demand solutions-driven engineering from a trusted brand
Aerofin Solutions
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 25
Installed applications ranging from -40 °F to
950 °F
Preferred supplier of heat exchangers in the
Custom Air Handler market
Powerful and easy to use selection and drawing
software
Innovative product designs such as the
Split-Fit® and Aeromix® coils
Broadest range of coil sizes and materials of
construction in the industry
#1 heat exchanger supplier to the North
American Nuclear Power Generation market.
Equipment is installed in 93% of all
North American plants
Key Buffalo Air Handling End Customers
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 26
Leader in the development, design, manufacturing, and service of technologically
advanced, highly engineered heat exchangers
Mission-Critical Functions Across Demanding End Markets
• Provide critical temperature control to major biotechnologyresearch facilities throughout the country.
• Pharmaceutical manufacturing customers depend on ourengineering and quality for their 24-hour operations.
• Gene and protein CAR-T cell therapy and cell manipulationprocesses; significant research hospital in Boston.
• Continuous and reliable air supply solutions are critical for operating, recovery, and intensive care rooms at hospitals.
• Vital for hospital Cath, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)labs, and diagnostic testing labs.
Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Research and Manufacturing
Hospital Construction
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 27
Experienced and technically advanced supplier of air handling
equipment
The Customer’s Needs
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 28
Accurate and reliable designs at project conception
Designs that meet strict industry certification requirements
Continuous and reliable air quality to support and protect long-term
research
Buffalo Air Handling Solutions
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 29
Customers choice for historic and critical retrofit
projects requiring unique equipment while
preserving the building design integrity at the
lowest cost
State of the art engineering and design software
guaranteeing successful installations and
operation
Principle source for all major Pharmaceutical
and Biotechnology corporations’ critical air
handling applications, such as Gene and
Protein Therapy. Cell Manipulation, Tablet and
Pill Coating, and R&D for life altering treatments
Preferred supplier for Hospital and Healthcare
applications, such as Operating and Patient
Rooms, and Cath and Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI) Labs
Assured reliability due to air handling units
being seismically certified per International
Building Code (IBC), and ETL certified and
listed
Leader in Custom Air Handling units with over
100 years of engineering, design and
manufacturing experience
Key Buffalo Pumps Customers
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 30
Leader in the development, design, manufacturing, and service of technologically
advanced, highly engineered pumps
Mission-Critical Functions Across Demanding End Markets
• Pumps for combatant ship service
• Built for Navy-specified 40-year design life, designed to withstand shock testing, and built of corrosion resistant metallurgy
• Every pump undergoes performance and pressure testing in accordance with Navy standards prior to shipment
• Provides lubrication for turbine bearings and generator seals for gas and steam turbines at power plants
• Each turbine typically requires three pumps for lubrication service - a main, auxiliary, and emergency pump
• Designed to unique performance requirements based on the class of turbine
Navy / Marine
Power Generation
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 31
Design life requirements of 40 years as specified by the Navy
The Customer’s Needs
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 32
Reliable operation 24 hours a day, 365 days a year
Stringent pre-shipment testing protocol upheld by supplier
Buffalo Pumps Solutions
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 33
Supplier of choice in custom made solutions for
equipment supplied to the worldwide Power
Generation and Oil and Gas OEMs
Industry leader in Navy/Marine, Power
Generation, Oil and Gas, and Industrial
Refrigeration markets
Pumps installed in critical applications onboard
80% of the ships in US Navy surface fleet
Support installed base with aftermarket pump
repair and parts installation
Supply pumps for demanding applications in
Industrial Refrigeration
Over 135 years of design and supply of custom
pumps to customer’s exacting specifications
Turnaround Strategy is working!
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 34
Divestment of non-core assets
• Sold specialized parts and service provider to North American rolling mills, Vertical Seal
• Sold Canadian specialty steel operations, ASW Steel
• Sold North American cast roll operations, Akers National Roll
• Improved income from operations $9-10M annually
Develop and diversify non-roll, open-die forged business
Focus on increasing operating cash flow for capital investments to
increase productivity and improve margins
New Leadership
• Brett McBrayer introduced as new CEO in July 2018 with a focus on operational improvements, reducing complexity,
and rightsizing the business for future growth and profitability
• Sam Lyon appointed Segment President with new plan to reduce costs, streamline operations, and improve product mix
Cost Reduction
• Expect ~$3-4M operating cost reduction in the European cast roll
operations in 2020
• Target to reduce corporate expenses by 10-15% in 2020 vs. 2019
Consolidated Financial Trend Improvement($MM’s)
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 35
* See non-GAAP Reconciliation Schedule in the Appendix
$0.0
$150.0
$300.0
$450.0
($60.0)
($30.0)
$0.0
$30.0
2016 2017 2018 2019
Ne
t Sal
es
(Lo
ss) i
nco
me
fro
m c
on
tin
uin
g o
pe
rati
on
s &
Ad
just
ed
EB
ITD
A
(Loss) income from continuing operations, as reported (GAAP) (Loss) income from continuing operations, as adjusted (non-GAAP)*
Adjusted EBITDA * Net Sales
3.8%4.3%
5.8%
Consolidated Financial Quarterly Trend($MM’s)
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 36
* See non-GAAP Reconciliation Schedule in the Appendix
$0.0
$60.0
$120.0
($10.0)
$0.0
$10.0
2018 Q1 2018 Q2 2018 Q3 2018 Q4 2019 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2020 Q1
Ne
t Sal
es
(Lo
ss) i
nco
me
fro
m c
on
tin
uin
g o
pe
rati
on
s &
Ad
just
ed
EB
ITD
A
(Loss) income from continuing operations, as reported (GAAP) (Loss) income from continuing operations, as adjusted (non-GAAP)*
Adjusted EBITDA * Net Sales
($40.1) ($12.0)
5.3%5.5%
4.1%
1.6%
5.7%
6.8%
4.4%
6.3%
8.6%
18 to 36 Month Timeline – Machine OEM Dependent
Current State – 3 Forge Facilities Future State – 2 Forge Facilities
Replace Single-Purpose Machines with Multi-Purpose Machines
✓ Efficiency Improvements
✓ Working Capital Reduction
✓ Labor Savings
✓ Transportation Savings
✓ Repair & Maintenance Savings
✓ Overhead Savings
Annual Savings of $9 Million - $12.5 Million
CAPEX and Use of Funds
▪ Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 37
2-3 Year Growth Initiatives
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 38
Diversifying product offerings in open-die forged products and increase market share to three times current position
Invest in modernization CapEx to increase automated processes resulting in higher margins
Increase sales and productivity in the Air and Liquid Processing business through productivity improvements and capturing market growth
Other Catalysts for Growth
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 39
Steel or Roll picture
Infrastructure bill proposals could drive higher steel demand
Significant operating leverage for market
recoveries in steel and oil & gas
Post pandemic-related new growth
opportunities in pharmaceutical, hospital and
biotech research
Pending trade actions in the U.S. shale oil &
gas market
Producing Quality Products Since 1929 — Always Moving Forward!
Thank Youampcopgh.com
March 26, 2020Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 40
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 41
Appendix
Non-GAAP Reconciliation($000’s)
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 42
2016 2017 2018 2019
(Loss) income from continuing operations, as reported (GAAP) (54,530)$ (13,769)$ (44,892)$ (10,908)$
Impairment charges [1] 26,676 - - 10,082
Impact of ASU No. 2017-07 on 2016 [2] (945) - - -
Integration-related restructuring expenses and unfavorable effects from purchase accounting [3] 4,444 - - -
ASW operating loss - sold in September 2019 [4] 1,615 - - -
Acquisition-related costs [5] 3,056 - - -
Restructuring-related costs [6] - - 981 2,350
Excess costs of Avonmore [7] (2,560) 7,729 9,349 4,572
Bad debt expense [8] - - - 1,366
Proceeds from business interruption insurance claim [9] - - - (1,803)
Asbestos-related charges [10] 4,565 - 32,910 -
(Loss) income from continuing operations, as adjusted (non-GAAP) (17,679)$ (6,040)$ (1,652)$ 5,659$
Non-GAAP Reconciliation($000’s)
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 43
2020
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total Q1
(Loss) income from continuing operations, as reported (GAAP) (1,777)$ (189)$ (2,847)$ (40,078)$ (44,892)$ (11,959)$ (653)$ (1,340)$ 3,044$ (10,908)$ 4,351$
Impairment charge [1] - - - - - 10,082 - - - 10,082 -
Restructuring-related costs [6] - - 379 602 981 921 171 561 697 2,350 -
Excess costs of Avonmore [7] 2,308 1,602 1,750 3,689 9,349 2,202 1,685 685 - 4,572 -
Bad debt expense [8] - - - - - - 1,366 - - 1,366 -
Proceeds from business interruption insurance claim [9] - - - - - - - - (1,803) (1,803) (769)
Asbestos-related charge [10] - - - 32,910 32,910 - - - - - -
Income (loss) from continuing operations, as adjusted (non-GAAP) 531$ 1,413$ (718)$ (2,877)$ (1,652)$ 1,246$ 2,569$ (94)$ 1,938$ 5,659$ 3,582$
2018 2019
2020
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total Q1
Net income (loss) 941$ (2,994)$ (7,039)$ (60,243)$ (69,335)$ (15,148)$ (3,858)$ (5,055)$ 3,075$ (20,986)$ 4,142$
Add:
Income tax (benefit) provision (463) 546 800 (615) 268 643 644 429 392 2,108 (2,783)
Other (income) expense, including interest expense (2,772) 256 (634) 2,065 (1,085) (51) (1,076) (546) (868) (2,541) 2,532
Depreciation and amortization 5,600 5,448 5,361 4,971 21,379 5,259 4,650 4,502 4,556 18,967 4,699
EBITDA 3,306 3,255 (1,512) (53,823) (48,773) (9,297) 360 (670) 7,155 (2,452) 8,590
Add:
Impairment charge [1] - - - - - 10,082 - - - 10,082 -
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax [4] 69 1,709 3,443 18,679 23,901 2,242 3,391 3,398 54 9,085 -
Gain on sale of joint venture [11] - - - (500) (500) - - - - - -
Restructuring-related costs [6] - - 379 602 981 921 171 561 697 2,350 -
Excess costs of Avonmore [7] 2,308 1,602 1,750 3,689 9,349 2,202 1,685 685 - 4,572 -
Bad debt expense [8] - - - - - - 1,366 - - 1,366 -
Proceeds from business interruption insurance claim [9] - - - - - - - - (1,803) (1,803) (769)
Asbestos-related charge [10] - - - 32,910 32,910 - - - - - -
Adjusted EBITDA 5,684$ 6,567$ 4,060$ 1,557$ 17,867$ 6,150$ 6,973$ 3,974$ 6,103$ 23,200$ 7,821$
2018 2019
Non-GAAP Reconciliation($000’s)
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 44
2016 2017 2018 2019
Net (loss) income (79,820)$ (12,089)$ (69,335)$ (20,986)$
Add:
Income tax provision (benefit) 22,712 (1,355) 268 2,108
Other (income) expense, including interest expense 2,990 3,673 (1,085) (2,541)
Depreciation and amortization 20,463 21,376 21,379 18,967
EBITDA (33,654) 11,605 (48,774) (2,452)
Add:
Impairment charges [1] 26,676 - - 10,082
Impact of ASU 2017-07 on 2016 [2] (945) - - -
Integration-related restructuring expenses and unfavorable effects from purchase accounting [3] 4,444 - - -
Loss (income) from discontinued operations, net of tax [4] 1,303 (3,749) 23,901 9,085
Gain on sale of joint venture [11] (500) (1,000) (500) -
Acquisition-related costs [5] 3,056 - - -
Restructuring-related costs [6] - - 981 2,350
Excess costs of Avonmore [7] (5,259) 7,729 9,349 4,572
Bad debt expense [8] - - - 1,366
Proceeds from business interruption insurance claim [9] - - - (1,803)
Asbestos-related charges [10] 4,565 - 32,910 -
Adjusted EBITDA (314)$ 14,585$ 17,867$ 23,200$
Non-GAAP Reconciliation Footnotes
Ampco-Pittsburgh Investor Presentation 45
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
Represents bad debt expense for a British cast roll customer who filed for bankruptcy in 2019.
Represents business interruption insurance proceeds received for equipment outages that occurred in 2018.
For 2016, represents an asbestos-related charge taken to extend the estimated costs of pending and future asbestos claims, net of estimated insurance
recoveries and a settlment with an insurance carrier for an amount greater than originally estimated, from 2024 through 2026. For 2018, represents an
asbestos-related charge taken to extend the estimated costs of pending and future asbestos claims, net of additional insurance recoveries, from 2026
through 2052, the estimated final date by which we expect to have settled all asbestos-related claims.
Represents proceeds received from the 2016 sale of a portion of our equity interest in a forged roll Chinese joint venture.
Represents the operating loss of ASW Steel Inc. ("ASW") for 2016, which has been added back for comparative purposes. The operating results of ASW
after 2016 were classified as discontinued operations for all other periods presented herein. Additionally, loss (income) from discontinued operations, net of
tax, has been removed from EBITDA to determine Adjusted EBITDA.
Represents estimated net operating costs not expected to continue after the sale of the Avonmore Plant, which was completed in September 2019. The
estimated excess costs include judgments made by management in allocating manufacturing and operating costs between Avonmore and our other
operations and in anticipating how it will conduct business following the sale of the Avonmore Plant.
Represents professional fees associated with our overall restructuring plan and employee severance costs due to reductions in force.
Represents transaction costs associated with our acquisitions of Åkers AB and certain of its affiliated companies, including Åkers AB's 60% equity
interest in a Chinese joint venture company (collectively, "Åkers") and ASW.
Represents integration-related restructuring expenses and unfavorable effects from purchase accounting associated principally with our acquisition of
Åkers, as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 16, 2017.
Represents the recast impact of ASU No. 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit
Cost," if applied to 2016. ASU 2017-07 became effective for us on January 1, 2018, and was applied retrospectively for all other periods presented herein.
Impairment charge for 2016 represents principally the write-off of goodwill associated with the Forged and Cast Engineered Products reporting unit deemed
to be impaired. For 2019, impairment charge was recognized in the first quarter of 2019 to record the sale of certain assets of Akers National Roll
Company, an indirect subsidiary of ours located in Avonmore, Pennsylvania (the "Avonmore Plant") to its estimated net realizable value less costs to sell in
anticipation of its sale, which was completed in September 2019.