invertebrates 2 animals - university of...
TRANSCRIPT
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Invertebrates 2 More Fun facts about: • Protostomes
– Lophotrochozoa – Ecdysozoa
• Nematodes (briefly) • Arthropods
– Crustaceans – Chelicerates – Insects
• Deuterostomes • Echinoderms • Chordates (tomorrow)
July 2, 2019
Animals Porifera Metazoa
ANCESTRAL PROTIST
Ctenophora Eumetazoa
Deuterostom
ia
Bilateria
Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa
Cnidaria
Acoela
Hemichordata
Echinodermata
Chordata
Platyhelminthes
Syndermata
Ectoprocta
Brachiopoda
Mollusca
Annelida
Nematoda
Arthropoda
Sponges
Cnidarians
Echinoderms
Chordates
Brachiopods
Annelids
Molluscs
Arthropods
Ediacaran Cambrian PROTEROZOIC PALEOZOIC
Time (millions of years ago) 635 605 575 545 515 485 0
We will concentrate on these seven phyla
Where are humans in this
tree?
For each major group, think about:
• A familiar example • What is the general body plan?
– i.e. Does it have a Head? Muscles? Bilateral symmetry?
• How does it eat? • How does it move? • How does it reproduce?
Figure 33.UN04
Porifera Cnidaria Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa Deuterostomia
The Ecdysozoa
Why do ecdysozoans molt?
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Phylum Nematoda C. elegans in the lab
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zjqLwPgLnV0
Phylum Arthropoda
CRUSTACEANS
Jointed appendages can have many shapes and functions
Figure 23.30 Two Segmented Body Plans (Part 1)
Crustacea Chelicera
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Figure 33.33
Heart Brain
Eyes
Poison gland
Pedipalp Chelicera
Book lung
Sperm receptacle
Gonopore (exit for eggs)
Silk gland
Spinnerets
Anus
Ovary
The Insects
By far the most species-rich group of animals!
Figure 33.35
Abdomen Thorax Head
Heart Cerebral ganglion
Mouthparts Ventral Nerve cords
Ovary
Vagina
Anus
Archaeognatha (bristletails; 350 species)
Zygentoma (silverfish; 450 species)
Winged insects (many orders; six are shown below)
Complete metamorphosis Incomplete metamorphosis Hemiptera (85,000 species)
Coleoptera (beetles; 350,000 species)
Diptera (151,000 species) Orthoptera
(13,000 species)
Hymenoptera (125,000 species)
Lepidoptera (120,000 species)
Proboscis
Insect life cycles
Insect mouthparts
Chewing Piercing
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Insects are the only invertebates that fly
Figure 33.UN05
Porifera Cnidaria Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa Deuterostomia
Phylum Echinodermata: Sea star (top left), brittle star (top right), sea urchin (bottom left), sea cucmber (bottom right), Echinoderm larvae are bilaterally
symmetrical
Echinoderms Echinoderms Short digestive tract
Stomach Anus
Spine Gills
Radial nerve
Gonads
Tube feet Water Skeleton
Ring canal
Digestive glands
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Figure 33.UN06a Figure 33.UN06b
Echinoderm Diversity