invasive species coming soon to an ecosystem near you!
TRANSCRIPT
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Invasive species
Coming soon to an ecosystem near you!
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The Tens Rule
10% of introduced species escape
10% of escaped species become established
10% of established species become invasive
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The Tens Rule
10% of introduced species escape
10% of escaped species become established
10% of established species become invasive
0.1% of species introduced become invasive
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Exceptions
Ornamental trees and shrubs
Plantation species
Crop plants, biocontrol agents
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Disturbance
How can disturbance facilitate invasion?
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Disturbance
How can disturbance facilitate invasion?
reduce competition
increase resourceavailability
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• difficulty of detection
• exponential population growth
• post-invasion evolution (local adaptation)
• increased availability of favorable sites
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Rare Species
Narrow Geographic Range
Small Population Size Habitat Specificity
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Invasive Species
Broad Geographic Range
Large Population Size Wide Range of Habitats
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Rapid dispersal: short generation time
long reproductive period
prolific seed production
successful dispersal
successful establishment
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Lots of seeds!
multiflora rose
Japanese barberry
Oriental bittersweet
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Long fruiting period
glossy buckthorn
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Successful seedling establishment
Common buckthorn(Rhamnus cathartica)
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2% sun 28% sun 100% sun
Ellsworth, Harrington & Fownes (2004)
4.5 m in 12 weeks!
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Impacts
Reduced populationsize and biodiversityof native species
Invasive species are the second major cause ofextinctions globally(main cause on islands)
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Pale swallowwortCynanchum rossicum
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Introduced mosquitoes spread avian malaria
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Difficult to eradicate
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Norway maple
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