FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

Vth YEAR COURSE IN SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL STUDIES

CURRICULUM FOR THE DEGREE OF BVMS

COURSE INFORMATION Academic Year 2005-2006

Course Leader and Co-ordinator: Dr. Jim Anderson

T.J.Anderson@vet.gla.ac.ukCourse Quality Assurance Officer: Vicki Dale

Code: 3DAY

document.doc

PLEASE NOTE

Items contained within this Course Information Document are sometimes unavoidably subject to change. It is the student’s responsibility to ensure they are aware of the correct lecture, practical, tutorial and examination schedules. Lecture venues may be changed during the course. The Year Notice boards and email should be checked daily. In light of student feedback and External Examiner comments the following changes have been made:

Code of Professional Conduct to Fitness to Practice. You are reminded that you will be expected to have read the above code, sign for it and implemented during your time in the course.

Contents

1 PLACE OF THE COURSE IN THE BVMS CURRICULUM.................................................................................2

2 AIMS OF THE COURSE............................................................................................................................. 2

3 LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE..................................................................................................2

4 COMPONENTS OF THE COURSE................................................................................................................3

4.1 ONCOLOGY...................................................................................................................................... 34.2 SOFT TISSUE SURGERY.................................................................................................................... 34.3 INTERNAL MEDICINE....................................................................................................................... 44.4 NEUROLOGY.................................................................................................................................... 44.5 ORTHOPAEDICS................................................................................................................................ 44.6 ANAESTHESIA................................................................................................................................... 54.7 SPEY CLINIC.................................................................................................................................... 64.8 BEHAVIOUR AND PAIN CLINICS.......................................................................................................64.9 CAGED PETS.................................................................................................................................... 74.10 DERMATOLOGY................................................................................................................................ 74.11 OPHTHALMOLOGY........................................................................................................................... 74.12 PDSA............................................................................................................................................... 84.13 DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING..................................................................................................................... 84.14 HOSPITAL & CRITICAL CARE..........................................................................................................94.15 TRIAGE & CRITICAL CARE............................................................................................................. 94.16 ETHICS AND WELFARE.................................................................................................................... 9

5 COURSE CONTENT................................................................................................................................. 10

5.1 HOSPITAL ROTATIONS.................................................................................................................... 105.2 BEFORE THE WEEK STARTS............................................................................................................ 115.3 START OF THE WEEK..................................................................................................................... 115.4 “OUT-OF-HOURS” DUTY................................................................................................................. 115.5 CASE LOG...................................................................................................................................... 125.6 GRAND ROUNDS............................................................................................................................. 125.7 CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CASE DEMONSTRATIONS.........................................................................125.8 TEACHING OF FOURTH YEAR STUDENTS.........................................................................................125.9 GUEST LECTURES........................................................................................................................... 12

6 COURSE TEXT & REQUIRED READING..................................................................................................13

7 TEACHING HOURS AND METHODS........................................................................................................ 13

8 METHODS OF ASSESSMENT.................................................................................................................... 14

8.1 ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT LEARNING AND THE COURSE................................................................148.2 CLASS EXAMINATIONS AND COURSE WORK..................................................................................148.3 FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION –- REGULATIONS................................................................158.4 MARKING PROCEDURES IN SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL STUDIES....................................................158.5 EXTERNAL EXAMINER................................................................................................................... 16

8.6 PRIZES........................................................................................................................................... 16

9 POLICY IN EXEMPTIONS AND EXAM ENROLMENT.................................................................................17

10 OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION...................................................................................................18

10.1 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, HEALTH & SAFETY...............................................................................1810.2 STUDENT SUPPORT & STAFF/STUDENT LIAISON............................................................................1910.3 TEACHING PERSONNEL.................................................................................................................. 2010.4 TIMETABLES.................................................................................................................................. 21

11 SAMPLE EXAMINATION PAPERS......................................................................................................... 23

12 CORE COMPETENCIES (RCVS).......................................................................................................... 23

13 SSPCA, PDSA AND DERMATOLOGY REFERRAL PRACTICE...............................................25

14 SSPCA Bitch Spay notes.................................................................................................................... 28

1 PLACE OF THE COURSE IN THE BVMS CURRICULUMThe Faculty of Veterinary Medicine is one Department divided into 5 divisions, with four support units. The Division of Companion Animal Sciences and the Clinical Services Unit provide the majority of staff involved in teaching the final year BVMS course. The 24 weeks of clinical teaching in Small Animal Clinical Studies alternate monthly with Large Animal. Details of student groups and clinical rotations within small animal clinical studies are included in this handout.

Final year is virtually lecture free, the course being based on casework; however, you will need to recall knowledge from all previous years of study and in addition, broaden and deepen your understanding of veterinary medicine and surgery, utilising a wide variety of sources. At this stage in your undergraduate career, you should be taking a responsible and mature attitude to your free time and wherever possible you should use the Library and Computer Centre facilities, read widely and maintain good attendance throughout the year. Please read your relevant 4 th year course material before each of your clinical rotations. Be prepared to participate as much as possible and you will enjoy the year so much more.

2 AIMS OF THE COURSE

1. To integrate the factual material of the fourth year didactic course into the clinical setting2. To develop practical skills and expand knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenesis, therapies and

preventive measures relating to small animal diseases3. To consolidate skills in history taking, clinical examination and in formulating a list of problems

and differential diagnoses4. To develop and enhance problem-solving ability5. To develop a sense of care and responsibility to patients and to their owners6. To develop communication skills with staff, peers and the public7. To develop interpersonal skills and appreciate working as a team8. To develop good professional attitude and take a pride in professional appearance and

professional behaviour9. To develop further the spirit of intellectual curiosity and academic enquiry10. To gain confidence in maintenance of accurate records and preparation of reports11. To consolidate knowledge or legislation/certification relevant to individual animal species12. To integrate clinical experience of extra-mural rotations into the structured teaching environment13. To be able meet the (RCVS) Core Competencies required of a new graduate as far as small

animal studies are concerned

3 LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE

The objective of the small animal clinical studies final year course is to produce a newly qualified graduate who is competent in the basic clinical skills relating to small animal practice and feels confident to practice the art and science of small animal veterinary medicine and surgery in the general practice environment, with due regard to the RCVS Core Competencies.

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4 COMPONENTS OF THE COURSE

4.1 OncologyDr. J. Morris, Mr Rory Bell & Ms Lise Nielson

AIMS1. To train students in the fundamentals of history taking, clinical examination and diagnostic

techniques as they apply to oncology and haematology cases2. To allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge to clinical oncology3. To train students in the importance of clinical pathology and to allow them to gain experience

particularly in interpretative haematology and cytology4. To train students in the importance of biopsy and to introduce them to basic biopsy techniques5. To train students in the practical application of the various modalities of treatment for neoplastic

disease6. To train students to understand the practical aspects of cancer chemotherapy and the importance

of safety in handling and disposal of cytotoxic drugs

OBJECTIVES1. The student will be able to take a detailed clinical history relating to neoplastic and

haematological cases2. The student will be able to recognise the general signs of neoplastic and haematological disease. 3. The student will be able to justify further investigations and interpret haematological, blood

biochemical and urinary biochemical data relating to specific diseases4. The student will know the value and indications for biopsies and the different procedures

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4.2 Soft Tissue Surgery Mr Donald Sheahan, Professor Martin Sullivan & Ms Keiri Jermyn

AIMS1. To allow the student to apply their theoretical knowledge in a real clinical situation2. To allow students to recognise the importance of history taking and sensing owners needs/desires3. To develop an awareness of the decision making that is necessary in soft tissue surgery

OBJECTIVES1. The student through participation in consultations will become competent in history taking,

clinical examination and client communication2. The student will be given supervised responsibility for cases to enable them to use a problem

solving approach to the case, and determine what ancillary aids are required for final diagnosis, and be able to interpret the results of these tests

3. The student will collaborate in formulating a treatment plan based on sound surgical principles, being at all times aware of the wishes of the client

4. The student will participate in surgical procedures enabling them to develop manual dexterity and an appreciation of tissue handling

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4.3 Internal MedicineDr Ian Ramsey, Ms Clare Knottenbelt, Mr Aitor Artega, Mr Andrea Zoia & Ms Alix Thompson

AIMS1. To train students in the fundamentals of history taking, clinical examination and basic diagnostic

techniques as they apply to internal medicine cases, including cardiorespiratory2. To allow practical application of the theoretical knowledge obtained through the fourth year

lecture course to these clinical cases3. To introduce students to the interpretation of blood biochemical, haematological, microbiological

and urine analyses as they pertain to clinical cases4. To inform students of, and allow experience in, the various treatment modalities for internal

medical diseases5. To introduce students to the benefits of dietary therapeutics and instruction in calculation of feed

intake

OBJECTIVES1. The student will be able to take a detailed history relating to internal medical disease inc cardio-

respiratory2. The student will be able to recognise and treat common internal medical disorders and gain

experience in the approach to their diagnosis, particularly problem-solving3. The student will be able to justify the use of further diagnostic tests and to interpret the common

tests used for investigation4. The student will be aware of the range of therapeutic diets, their indications and feeding regime

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Professor Ian Griffiths, Dr James Anderson, Dr Jacques Penderis, Dr Christine Thomson, Ms Kelly Chang & Ms Rita GoncalvesSpecialist Services II

AIMS1. To train students in the principles of history taking in neurology cases2. To train students in the detailed clinical examination of neurological cases and how to localise

lesions within the nervous system3. To provide practical instruction in the use of certain diagnostic equipment relevant to the nervous

system, in particular, radiography (including myelography) and electromyography4. To instruct the student in treatment options for the more common neurological diseases

OBJECTIVES1. The student will be able to differentiate diseases of the peripheral nervous system, spinal cord,

brain and muscle by clinical examination2. The student will know the importance of routine diagnostic procedures, including myelography3. The student will be familiar with the treatment options for the more common neurological and

muscular diseases

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4.5 OrthopaedicsProfessor David Bennett, Professor Stuart Carmichael, Mr Mike Farrell, Mr Luke Arnott & Ms Davinia Draffan

AIMS1. To allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge to clinical orthopaedic cases

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2. To train students in history-taking relating to orthopaedic cases and in recognising patterns of lameness

3. To instruct students how to carry out a detailed clinical examination of the musculoskeletal system and to recognise some of the common orthopaedic conditions affecting small animals and know how they are treated

4. To instruct students how to use the main aids for diagnosis of bone and joint disease, in particular, radiography and synovial fluid analysis

5. To teach students basic surgical principles, an awareness of asepsis in a clinical setting, basic tissue handling and wound creation and repair and providing an insight into the diversity of surgical techniques necessary for treatment of certain orthopaedic conditions

OBJECTIVES1. Students will be able to recognise lameness and be able to carry out a detailed clinical

examination to localise the lameness2. The student will be able to justify the use of diagnostic aids and be able to interpret them at a

basic level, particularly radiographs of bones and joints3. A knowledge of synovial fluid cytology and its relevance to the diagnosis of joint disease will

also be gained4. The student will have the basic skills to collect synovial fluid samples5. Therapeutic options for the common orthopaedic diseases of the dogs and cats will be known and

students will appreciate all that is involved in good case management from its initial examination to the post-operative care

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4.6 AnaesthesiaProfessor Jacky Reid, Mr Derek Flaherty, Dr Pat Pawson & Mr Adam Auckburally

AIMS1. To allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge in the practice of clinical anaesthesia2. To instruct students how to recognise those parts of the case history which will affect/determine

the anaesthetic protocol3. To teach students to examine animals clinically prior to anaesthesia, with particular reference to

the cardiovascular and respiratory systems4. To instruct students in the interpretation of laboratory results relevant to anaesthesia5. To instruct students how to devise appropriate anaesthetic protocols for individual animals6. To teach practical skills relating to anaesthesia such as, venous and arterial cannulation,

intravenous technique, endotracheal intubation7. To instruct students in the use of various anaesthetic agents & circuits, the anaesthetic machine

and monitoring techniques commonly used in anaesthesia (ECG, arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, capnography, pulse oximetry)

8. To teach students how to record an anaesthetic procedure accurately9. To instruct students in the basic principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation10. To teach students the basic principles of immediate post-operative care of surgical cases

OBJECTIVES1. Students will be able to recognise clinical features, which are likely to affect anaesthetic outcome

and classify animals in terms of anaesthetic risk2. Students will be able to use their clinical findings along with various diagnostic aids and

laboratory tests and interpret these in order to formulate the optimum anaesthetic protocol for each individual case.

3. Students will be able to induce and maintain general anaesthesia safely in a variety of domestic species, and administer appropriate care in the post-operative period

4. Students will have an understanding of how to anaesthetise poor risk patients in such a way as to minimise the risk of anaesthesia

5. Students will have an understanding of how to deal with anaesthetic emergencies

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4.7 Spay ClinicIan Futter (SSPCA)Soft tissue rotation

AIMS1. To allow students to carry out spey and castrations under supervision2. To allow students exposure to an animal welfare environment

OBJECTIVES1. Students will have put into practice theoretical knowledge2. Students will acquire confidence in routine spey and castrations3. Students will recognise stages in the surgical procedure from which complications may arise4. Students will be able to carry out a health check on dogs and cats

4.8 Behaviour and Pain ClinicsMs Samantha Lindley (Hon Lect)Specialist services I

AIMS:

1 To expose students to the variety of behaviour problem cases referred to GUVS.2 To explain the and demonstrate the depth of history required to deal with these problems3 To demonstrate where relevant the practical approach to these problems4 To highlight the potential clinical causes of behaviour problems5 To explain the therapeutic programmes in the light of owner requirement, animal welfare and

safety issues.

OBJECTIVES:1 Students should be aware of some of the causes of behaviour problems.2 Students should be aware of the importance of thorough history taking.3 Students should be aware that some problems require a practical approach4 Students should be aware that clinical problems can cause behaviour problems5 Students should be aware that behaviour problems cause welfare problems for the animal, safety

problems for the public and other animals and emotional problems for owners.

PAIN AND REHABILITATION CLINIC

AIMS:

1 To expose students to the idea that pain can constitute disease as well as being part of it.2 To demonstrate that pain and suffering can be measured separately3 To demonstrate that measuring pain and suffering is not straightforward and how it might be

achieved.4 To explain some of the therapies, both conventional, complementary and behavioural that can

make an impact on suffering.

OBJECTIVES:1 Students should have a better understanding of chronic pain2 Students should have an understanding of the variety of approaches to dealing with chronic pain

and suffering

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4.9 Exotic PetsMr Alistair Lawrie (Hon Lect) & Mrs Sharon Smith (VN)

Specialist services IAIMS1 To instruct students how to assess diseases in caged pets, including mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters,

guinea pigs, rabbits, reptiles (snakes, frogs, terrapins, tortoises etc)2 To instruct students in how to treat disease in these animals, particularly highlighting problems

with anaesthesia, surgical techniques and drug therapies3 To alert students to the many husbandry problems which can occur when keeping these pets

OBJECTIVES1 Students will become familiar with the handling and husbandry of many of the caged pets2 Students will become aware of some of the common disorders affecting these animals4 Students will become aware of some of the problems in treating caged pets

4.10 Dermatology(Mr Peter Forsythe (Hon Lect)

Specialist services IAIMS1. To expose students to dermatological cases referred to the GUVS small animal clinic2. To allow students, where possible, to practice and refine history taking, clinical examination and

diagnostic skills3. To develop a problem orientated approach to cases

OBJECTIVES1. Take a dermatological history2. Carry out a dermatological examination3. Formulate a diagnostic plan4. Be able to carry out basic dermatological testing and interpret the results5. Know the value of skin biopsies when they are indicated and how to collect them6. Know the therapeutic approaches to the commonly diagnosed skin diseases

4.11 Ophthalmology(Mr G. Peplinski)

Specialist Services IIAIMS1. To train students in the principles of ophthalmic history-taking and clinical evaluation by

involving them as fully as possible in the examination of referred patients2. To train students in the principles of ophthalmic surgery by observation and participation in

surgical management, so far as number and types of operation permit3. To provide practical instruction in the use of routine diagnostic equipment on live animals of

various species4. To provide supplementary teaching material in the form of annotated slide sets, library facilities

and computer-aided learning material to ensure familiarity with a wide range of conditions independent of the available referred clinical caseload

OBJECTIVES1. Students should be competent in the use of routine ophthalmic diagnostic equipment and be able

to carry out a non-specialist ophthalmic examination2. Students should be able to recognise the normal ocular anatomy and fundus appearances of the

important domestic species3. Students should be familiar with the general principles of ophthalmic medical and surgical

management

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4.12 PDSASue Henderson, Ms Jenny Hammond & Dr. Ian Ramsey

AIMS1. To allow the students access to first opinion cases2. To allow the students to develop their skills in history taking and clinical examination3. To allow students to formulate lists of problems and differential diagnoses4. To allow students to develop their communication skills with the pet owning public5. To instruct students in the therapeutic approach to first opinion cases and how this varies from

the referral case

OBJECTIVES1. Students will gain the experience and confidence to:2. communicate with owners,3. carry out clinical examinations in a first opinion clinic,4 make informed decisions on the management of individual cases

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4.13 Diagnostic ImagingProfessor Martin Sullivan, Mrs Alison King, Mr. Calum Paterson Mr Gawain Hammond, Ines Carrera, Mrs Jill Cameron & Mrs Nicki Milne

AIMS1. To provide the student with the skills and confidence to carry out radiography 2. To provide the student with a basic grounding in image interpretation

OBJECTIVES1. Radiography

The student will become familiar with routine patient, x-ray tube and film positioning Through evaluation of films the student will be provided with training in assessment and

selection of exposure settings The student will become competent in darkroom technique The student will be instilled with the importance of film identification and filing

2. Interpretation The student will be given the opportunity to personally interpret all X-ray films taken during the

rotation By reviewing and discussing their reports opportunities for improvement will be highlighted Through oral interpretations and tutorials the student will gain confidence in their interpretative

skills

3. Ultrasonography Through handling ultrasound probes and observing scanning on clinical cases, the student will

gain experience in elementary ultrasonography

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4.14 Hospital & Critical CareDr. Ian Ramsey & Interns

AIMS1. To allow students to develop a sense of care and responsibility to patients under their care and to

the owners of these animals2. To allow students to develop communication skills with clinicians, nurses, peers and the public3. To allow students to develop interpersonal skills and appreciate working in teams4. To encourage students to maintain a high standard of professional attitude and conduct5. To demonstrate to the students, the importance of “out-of-hours” work to the welfare of their

patients, particularly the monitoring and therapy of critically ill patients6. To instruct students in the recognition of patients in emergency situations and how these can be

dealt with

OBJECTIVES1. Students should be able to quickly assess patients for critical problems and prioritise their needs

(triage)2. Students should become familiar with restraint procedures in injured and sick animals3 Students should be able to use laboratory facilities for urgent biochemical and haematological

analysis4. Students should develop the skills necessary to collect samples necessary for case management5. Students should have the skills to administer medicines or other treatments to patients as

necessary6. The student’s level of confidence and experience will be increased as a further preparation for

general practice

4.15 Triage & Critical Care(Angela Dickie, Clare Knottenbelt & Interns)

Intended Learning Outcomes 1. An understanding of management of critical care patients in the hospital.

2. Be capable of dealing with critical care patients in a practice environment (understanding of costs, fluid therapy etc)

3. Become responsible for critical care decision making 4. Communication with colleagues, staff and owners 5. Assessment of emergency cases, prioritisation of management and investigations and

maintenance of high welfare standards6. Practical veterinary skills (catheter maintenance, feeding tubes etc)7. Interpretation of test results in critical patients8. Accurate record keeping and its central role when duties are being shared

4.16 Ethics and Welfare (Dr Dorothy McKeegan)

This course contains material from the Welfare and Ethics Module. The module is incorporated into several courses throughout the BVMS curriculum and is taught almost exclusively by the BVA Animal Welfare Foundation Lecturer, Dr Dorothy Mc Keegan. Elements of the module are designed to appear at appropriate points within relevant courses and the overall aim is to increase students’ knowledge and awareness of animal welfare science and ethics in both veterinary and wider contexts.

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5 COURSE CONTENTThe distribution of the lectures/seminars are shown in the timetables which will be distributed in printed form and are available on Moodle.

5.1 Hospital rotationsFor each 4-week period you spend in the Small Animal Hospital you will pass through four weekly rotations. It is important to note that these four rotations will be linked to varying degrees according to the rotation leaders. There may, for example, be tutorials common to 2 rotations and only held once during a 2-week period. The rotation heads will give you details of the organisation of the rotations at the beginning of each week. Please note that that the Specialist Services I rotation and Ophthalmology in Specialist Services II depend on the availability of external consultants and may not be available to all students due to circumstances beyond our control.

You are expected to attend and contribute to all aspects of patient care, including consultation, case admission and discharge, clinical examination, diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical treatments, in-patient care and monitoring. You will be given specific tasks and responsibilities each week. Daily examinations must be made of cases under your care, and appropriate records written-up. You should always show respect towards animals and to their owners and seek to uphold and enhance the reputation of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Obviously, clinical work is very difficult to timetable but there is no excuse for students to gather in corridors etc. waiting for something to happen. Any “spare” time should be constructively used. Seek out the relevant clinical staff to clarify local organisation if necessary.

Remember confidentiality relating to patients and owners is very important. You may only carry out diagnostic procedures and treatments after consultation with the clinician in charge of the case. Keep alert to all in-patients who may exhibit signs of acute illness or deterioration and report any concerns to nurses or clinicians.

Case notes and written reports must be made and specific instructions about these will be given at the beginning of each rotation. You may be required to give a presentation of a case at grand rounds or at other times during the week. Specific forms must be completed as required, e.g. anaesthetic, radiographic, laboratory and surgical procedure forms. At the start of your diagnostic imaging week, you must read the guidance notes on safety and radiological practice, which are kept in the student reporting room.

You must wear a clean white coat when in the consulting area and hospital wards. It is the student’s responsibility to have white coats cleaned as and when necessary. You must be smartly dressed and presented when you are on consultation duty and meeting with the general public. It is very important to create the correct professional image, which reflects the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. You must wear a name badge at all times when on the clinical rotations. These will be provided at the beginning of the year although if lost or misplaced, it is the student’s responsibility to provide a replacement. Name badges are available through the Companion Animal Sciences Divisional Secretary (Linda Fallon). You must provide your own stethoscope, thermometer, watch and penlight.

When in the operating theatre you must wear surgical scrub suits. Students are responsile for sourcing their own scrub suits for the beginning of the year and their regular laundering and keeping them in a respectable state. In the theatre complex, you must wear clean footwear, which is used only in the theatre area and nowhere else (clean tennis/court shoes are acceptable). You must wear both a surgical hat and mask before entering the sterile theatre areas. Make sure you are familiar with the procedures of scrubbing up, gowning up and gloving up before participating in the surgical rotations. Also make sure you have the technical skill to lay simple sutures and tie surgical knots.

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5.2 Before the week startsReview fourth year material relevant to the rotation you are about to begin. The aims and objectives of each of the rotations accompany this handout. Read these carefully; it is important that you feel comfortable that these aims and objectives have been accomplished at the end of each of your rotations.

5.3 Start of the weekYou should meet on the Monday morning of each small animal week at the venue and time indicated for each station on the small animal rotation programme. Students on PDSA rotation should make their own way to 1 Shamrock Street and arrive by 10.00 a.m. on the Monday morning . There is no parking for student cars. You are advised to use public transport – Cowcaddens Underground Station is 70m from the PDSA. You will be supervised by one of the medicine staff during this rotation. Please remember that this opportunity for training is at the invitation of the PDSA so ensure that your attitude, behaviour and appearance help to maintain this privilege. Read and familiarise yourself with the “Notes for Students” which will be available when you first attend the PDSA. The morning sessions are from 10am-12.00 and afternoons are from 2-5pm (Fri 2-4pm). Tea breaks may be taken at the discretion of your supervisor at approx 11am and 3.30pm . Tea and coffee are provided. Bring lunch with you –however there are plenty of shops nearby where you can purchase sandwiches etc. Students on Soft Tissue rotation will attend the Neutering Clinics at the SSPCA Cardonald Animal Welfare Centre where you will be supervised by the Scottish SPCA veterinary staff. Students must take their surgical scrub suits and footwear with them to the Scottish SPCA as well as hat, mask and gown sourced from the Small Animal theatre. Attendance at the SSPCA will be on Wednesdays. Please note there may be some variations depending on circumstances.Students on Specialist Services I will meet at 0830. Monday and Tuesday is dedicated to dermatology which will be undertaken at Peter Forsythe Dermatology Referral Services (528 Paisley Road West, Glasgow, G51 1RN, phone 0141-427-4257). Students will be required to make their own way to this practice. You are strongly advised to take public transport.Maps on how to find the Scottish SPCA Cardonald, the PDSA and Peter Forsythe’s Dermatology Referral Practice will be on the Final Year notice board.

5.4 “Out-of-hours” dutyWhen you are on the hospital and critical care rotation, you will be responsible to the junior clinical scholars, whom you will assist in small animal patient care and monitoring and at emergency admissions (every evening 4.30pm until 8.30am the following morning). You will occupy either student Flat 1 or student Flat 2 in the clinic building from Monday evening until the following Monday morning. You are responsible for passing the flat keys to the members of the next group. Please bring your own towels; do not leave valuables in the flats and keep the flats clean, tidy and respectable. The flats will be checked after each occupancy and members of each group will be held responsible for any damage or untidiness of the flats. In addition to the hospital and critical care group, members of the Ophthalmology rotation will be required to assist as necessary in out-of-hours duties as regards routine treatments (from 4.30pm until 10.00pm). Students in the Dermatology/Ophthalmology group must also leave a contact telephone number with the hospital/critical care group in case they are needed in an emergency. Students within other rotations may volunteer to carry out “out-of-hours” treatments and monitoring of patients or be asked to do so (e.g. if there is a particularly difficult case to manage with which they have had major involvement). Most of the workload for the Hospital/critical care group is during the evening. During the day, the group will be exempt hospital duties although individual members of the group can join any rotation if they wish, providing they obtain permission from the head of that rotation. The responsibility for individual cases rests with the clinician in charge of that case.

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5.5 Case LogStudents are required to keep a simple log of all cases seen during each of their clinical rotations. A simple list summarising the signalment and clinical diagnosis and treatment of the case is adequate. In addition, students may be asked to write-up a clinical case in more detail on a particular rotation; usually no more than 2,000 words per case is required. Some rotations have forms that can be detached to become part of the case-log e.g. anaesthesia and diagnostic imaging.

5.6 Grand roundsOn Friday afternoons Grand rounds will take place, with Final year students presenting cases between 2.45 – 3.45PM in the Assembly Hall. A timetable for Grand Rounds presentations is given below. Fourth year students will attend most of these classes in addition to Final year students on the Small Animal Clinical Studies rotation and members of staff.

5.7 Clinicopathological case demonstrationsThe post-mortem demonstrations are held on Mondays from 12.15 to no later than 13.00 hours and Fridays from 9.40 to no later than 10.20 hours, throughout the academic session. These classes occur throughout the academic session and final and fourth year students are expected to attend. Members of staff from divisions across Faculty usually attend.

5.8 Teaching of fourth year studentsOn Monday and Thursday afternoons final year students may be involved facilitating fourth year student teaching especially during the first term. Your co-operation is expected and greatly appreciated.

5.9 Guest lecturesThroughout the year, there may be a number of guest lectures. These will be advertised in good time and you are expected to attend. There may well be clashes with your clinical commitments and if you have any doubts about priorities at the time, you must ask the advice of the clinician in charge of your rotation. There may also be several sponsored lectures; the aim of these is to expose students to other approaches to clinical problems, and to aspects of clinical research so as to stimulate intellectual awareness and curiosity and to expose students to internationally acknowledged experts who are at the “cutting edge” of their discipline.

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6 COURSE TEXT & REQUIRED READINGRecommended Texts and Journals

The fourth year course notes will provide an excellent basis for the final year practical course. Additional useful texts and journals can be found in the James Herriot Library and include:

Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine: Small Animal 6th edition, Eds Ettinger and Feldman WB Saunders

Notes on canine internal medicine, Ed E.J. Hall, K.F. Murphy and P.G.G. Darke, BlackwellsNotes on Feline Internal Medicine, Ed C. Sturgess, BlackwellsClinical Medicine of the Dog and Cat Ed Schaer, Manson PublishingCanine Medicine and Therapeutics, Ed Gorman BSAVA PublishingEssentials of Small Animal Internal Medicine 3rd edition: Eds Nelson and Couto, MosbyCanine Orthopaedics: Eds Whittick Lea and FebigerBSAVA Manuals (whole range of topics, including, neurology, arthrology, fracture repair, oncology,

dermatology, ophthalmology, dentistry, radiography/radiology, anaesthesia)Kirk’s Current Veterinary Therapy, Eds. Bonagura and Kirk, W B SaundersTextbook of Small Animal Surgery, Ed. D Slatter, W B SaundersSmall Animal Orthopaedics and Fracture Treatment, Eds Brinker, Piermattei and Flo, WB Saunders.An Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones of the Dog and Cat, Eds Piermattei and Greeley, WB

SaundersSmall Animal Surgery, Ed Fosum, MosbyAtlas of Small Animal Surgery, Eds Gourley and Gregory, Gower Medical PublishingNeurology Book Web Resource http://www.ivis.org/special_books/braund/toc.asp.

Students are advised to develop a habit of reading the current issues of journals found in the journal display area in the JHL. Specific journals are

Veterinary Record, Journal of Small Animal Practice, Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, Veterinary Clinics North America, Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, In Practice, Compendium of Continuing Education, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., Journal of veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Surgery

Other reading material may be recommended to you during the course.

7 TEACHING HOURS AND METHODSClinical material is used to present the course to the students. Each rotation is nominally rated as 32 hours/week. As there are 12 rotations the number of hours/student for the course is 384 hours. The number of staff hours per rotation = 768 hours

Hours TotalIndividual rotation 32 384Delivery by staff 64 768

A variety of revision, tutorial and self-assessment computer programs relevant to the course are available via the Faculty Computer Centre machines.

All staff are not routinely made aware of Students with Disabilities. This information is considered confidential unless such a person agrees to complete disclosure. Consequently, the onus is on you to make individual staff aware of special needs you may have that impact on a particular method of teaching; staff will attempt to make reasonable adjustments. E.g. you may have a degree of red-green colour blindness and have difficulty distinguishing certain tissues or cells during microscopy.

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8 METHODS OF ASSESSMENT

8.1 Assessment of student learning and the CourseThe content of the Course, the presentation of the Course to students and the effectiveness of the teaching are regularly assessed throughout the year by the staff and the findings taken into account when the Course for the following year is being prepared.

Two focus group sessions will be held with students. The first will be towards the end of first term, the second just before teaching ends in third term.

These assessments are made by considering the results of the students rotation feedback forms, the Final Professional examination, the Report of the External Examiner, as well as the views he expresses during informal discussion with the staff and the opinions emanating from the Faculty Staff/Student Liaison Committee.

Formal consideration of these matters occurs at the regular meetings of the Division of Companion Animal Sciences and special Quality Assurance meetings of Staff teaching the Course. Annual Course Monitoring Reports are made to the Board of Studies, from there recommendations are made to Faculty. Subsequently, Faculty reports to Academic Regulation Committee (a sub-committee of University Education committee) and ultimately to Senate.

Any modifications to the Course are made through the formal Course Approval process via Board of Studies, Faculty and Academic Regulation Committee (if major). External Examiner's comments are always sought on any proposed change.

Student assessment is by Professional Exams (Final Professional Examination in Small Animal Clinical Studies).

8.2 Class Examinations and Course WorkEach half of the class will undergo a formative OSCE. There is no formally assessed coursework contributing to the degree examination.

Formative OSCEs and Continuous AssessmentTwo formative OSCE sessions will be run; one for each half of the year, at the end of their second Small Animal Clinical Studies rotation. Group A Friday afternoon of week 12 (20th January 2006)Group B Friday afternoon of week 16 (17th February 2006)The marks for these will be collated and published as for a class examination. Grades could be available to the Board of Examiners of the Small Animal Clinical Studies examination. In addition, the clinical staff will very closely monitor your performance in all the clinical rotations. The following aspects of a student’s performance will be evaluated: communication skills, attitude, attendance, enthusiasm and time-keeping; knowledge and its application, clinical proficiency, surgical skills, patient care and documentation. A student who does not perform well in a rotation will be spoken to by whoever runs that rotation and this will be reported to the course leader.If this happens or the student misses the whole or part of a rotation, due to illness or some other unforeseen circumstance they may be requested to repeat that rotation or part of it (see below).

Students with DisabilitiesBecause of the level of confidentiality involved, the Teaching Unit is not always aware of the currency of special need assessments. Therefore it is the responsibility of special needs students to ensure that the Teaching Unit is informed in adequate time of any new special needs evaluation prior to any summative assessment. Where appropriate students will be given additional time for written examinations, but no extra time will be given for the completion of oral examinations or practical/clinical assessments

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8.3 Final Professional Examination –- RegulationsThe Final Professional Examination is the examination of the courses in Small Animal and Large Animal Clinical Studies. The Rules and Regulations governing this examination are contained in the current University Calendar [http://senate.gla.ac.uk/calendar/cal2005/cal2005.html], the document “University of Glasgow Code of Assessment [http://senate.gla.ac.uk/academic/assessment/asscodeindex.html] and the document “Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Banding of Marks in Professional Examinations (26th April 1989). Copies of the latter can be seen in the Library or at the Teaching Unit. Additional important information is displayed on the Year Notice boards.

Your attention is drawn to the following in relation to Small Animal Clinical Studies:

Mock examinations: there are none in Small Animal Clinical Studies other than the formative OSCEs.

Enrolment in degree examination A Candidate may not be admitted to a Professional Examination in any subject unless their attendance and work in that course has been certified as satisfactory by the Professor or Lecturer in charge (course leader) [Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Calendar http://senate.gla.ac.uk/calendar/cal2005/13-veterinarymedicine.pdf]. See also paragraph 9 of this document.

Students are expected to attend all rotations in full (also see Fitness to Practice documentation) and that their performance must be deemed satisfactory by the rotation leader. Absence must be supported the appropriate certification.

The final small examination will take the form of 23 OSCE stations. Eight of the stations are data interpretation and will be run in the Teaching Laboratory. The other 15 will be run for groups of students over the 2 days in the Anatomy Dissection Lab. Some stations may be unmanned. An OSCE station consists of a defined task to be carried out within a five minute period. The 23 stations in the Small Animal examination will cover aspects of the Small Animal course: communication, practical and data interpretation skills will be tested with material drawn from all the rotations and EMS. The examiners will make it clear to the student exactly what they expect the student to do during the OSCE. There are no pass//fail or distinction orals. The pass mark for individual stations varies. To achieve a pass a candidate must pass a majority of stations. By the very nature of the examination it is not anonymous. The detailed format and timetable for the final examination will be posted nearer the examination date.

1st Diet 2nd Diet (resit)Small Animal (EX3DAY) Mon & Tues 5-6th June 2006 8th Sept 2006

Interpretation Exam Friday 2 June 2006

If a candidate fails the examination in June they may take the resit (2nd Diet) examinations in September. The format of the September examination will be the same as the June examination, Grades awarded at the second diet of the professional examination will in accordance with university policy be capped at Grade D.

8.4 Marking procedures in Small Animal Clinical StudiesThe pass for each examination station will vary depending on the complexity of the task. The student must achieve an overall grade D to pass the examination.

The student must pass both the small animal examination and the farm animal/equine examination to pass the final degree. A student who passes one part of the final examination and not the other, will have a provisional pass in that subject and will have to resit the failed subject in September. If the student fails the failed subject a second time, then the student would have to re-sit that part of the examination the following year; the provisional pass in the other subject is valid for the following academic year.Passes with Distinction are awarded to those candidates who achieve the grades shown below at their first attempt at the examination.

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GRADING

Grading at the ‘first diet of the assessment’

SCHEDULE B

Non-honours Courses

Primary verbal descriptors in respect of Demonstration of Professional Practical Competencies and the Supporting Intellectual Knowledge.

BVMS

Primary Grade

AExemplary and polished demonstration of the required practical competencies, with focussed sensitivity to the needs of the subject, the complexities of the operational context and the wider implications of the procedures or practices

Honours

BEfficient and confident display of the required practical competencies, an evident appreciation of the possible practical complications demonstrating initiative and flexibility of approach

Commendation

CClear demonstration of attainment of the required practical competencies, with appropriate familiarity with relevant procedures in a range of contexts

Pass

DAdequate independent performance of practical competencies suitable to routine operational contexts

EPresently inadequate independent performance of the required practical competencies, but evidently aware of personal limitations and likely to attain sufficient practical competence through practice

Fail

FNot presently capable of independent performance of the appropriate practical competencies, lacking in perception in the operational context and prone to errors of judgement and faulty practice

Grading at the ‘second diet of the assessment’

In line with university policy, the grade awarded at the second diet of the professional assessment will be capped at Grade D. The course leader or appropriate teaching staff will be able to advise students both of their capped grade and their actual performance in the assessment.

8.5 External ExaminerThe external examiner for Small Animal Clinical Studies is Prof. Peter Holt, the University of Bristol (2004-2008). Professor Holt is Professor of Veterinary Surgery in the Department of Clinical Science. For further information see the RCVS Register.

8.6 PrizesThere are a number of special awards connected with performance in the final year examination. The award of prizes to students is an accolade of considerable importance. They are recognition of a students’ ability, hard work and application, by his/her peers, colleagues and teachers. They are an important addition to a new graduate’s curriculum vitae. The following prizes are awarded to final year students:-McCall Award -

(Awarded to the most distinguished graduate(s) in Veterinary Clinical Studies)Finlay Kerr Prize -

(Highest total marks in Final Professional Examination in Small Animal and Large Animal Clinical Studies)

Donald Campbell Prize -(Highest marks in Final Professional Examination in Large Animal Clinical Studies)

The Donald L. Haxby Prize -

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(Awarded to the Final Year student who has shown the greatest clinical competence during the Final Year in Large Animal Clinical Studies)

Dr Ian Lauder Prize (Final Year) -(Most marks in Final Professional Examination in the medicine component of Small Animal Clinical Studies)

The Donald D. Lawson Prize -(Awarded to Final Year student who has shown the greatest clinical competence during the surgical rotations in Small Animal Clinical Studies over the whole final year).

Ben Brazil Prize -(Awarded to the best final year student in the practical work at the Lanark Practice)

Lanark Practice Prize -(Awarded for excellence in attitude and ability in the handling of animals)

Moredun Foundation Prize -(Awarded to best student in Large Animal Practice)

The Bogan Prize -(Awarded to the Final Year student who has combined excellence in both academic work and sport throughout the course)

The Tharme Prize -(Awarded in Memory of the late John Tharme, Veterinary Student at Glasgow who graduated in 1986 - special award made at the discretion of the Dean)

Hills Petfoods Prize -(Awarded to Final Year Student who has shown the greatest clinical competence during the medical rotations in Small Animal Clinical Studies, over the whole final year)

The Veterinary Drug Company Final Year Student Award -(Awarded to the Final Year nominated by his/her peers as an outstanding student in various aspects of excellence. This award is made by Faculty on the recommendation of the Dean in consultation with the Course Leaders)

The Governors’ & Mitchell of Cranstonhill Prize -(Awarded for the three best papers presented to a meeting of the Clinical Club of the GUVMA)

Silver Medals – are awarded on recommendation of the Board of Examiners to the student with the highest marks in:

Small Animal Clinical StudiesLarge Animal Clinical Studies

9 POLICY IN EXEMPTIONS AND EXAM ENROLMENTIt is important to note that candidates may not be admitted to a professional examination in any subject unless his/her attendance and work in that course have been certified as satisfactory by the Professor or Lecturer in charge of the course. The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons stipulates that students are not eligible to sit final examinations until they have completed a minimum of 26 weeks clinical extramural studies. All students must provide proof to the EMS Office that they have completed their EMS and submit all required written work by the end of the spring term (17th March 2006). Failure to comply may result in students being unable to sit examinations.A student who is liable to be prevented from enrolment will receive a formal warning in the form of an interview with the Head of Department or the Course Co-ordinator, before a final decision is taken.

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10 OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

MoodleMoodle is the University's centrally supported Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). The Faculty Moodle site can be accessed from on- or off-campus at: http://moodle.gla.ac.uk/vet/moodle/Users should log in with their Novell username and password. After a successful login you will be asked to update your profile.

Once you have logged on, you will be able to access individual courses within Moodle, as well as general information, and information relating to EMS, summer vacation scholarships, and career opportunities. Many of the courses require a one-time enrolment key. Your course tutors will provide these at the start of term. Within individual courses, you will find links to lecture notes and presentations, past papers, timetables, and links to relevant websites that have been reviewed by your tutors. Throughout the year your tutors may also add additional Moodle ‘activities’ such as self-test material, assignments, surveys and discussion forums.Within ‘General resources and links for students’, you will find links to courses designed to help you start using Moodle.

Moodle replaces the Student Web Server, a 2004-5 archive version of which is still available on- or off-campus at: http://www.gla.ac.uk/faculties/vet/teaching/sws/You will need to username 'vetstudent' and the password 'jamesherriot' to access this.

For any problems with Moodle please email Vicki Dale (v.dale@vet.gla.ac.uk).

10.1 Protective Clothing, Health & SafetyThe study of small animal clinical studies unavoidably involves being exposed to and handling animal tissues and fluids that may contain microbiological and parasitic agents or toxic chemicals, which are potentially harmful to human beings. In addition, handling animals brings the risk of being bitten or scratched if proper care and attention is not paid to the animal handling skills learned earlier in the course. In the same way careless handling of surgical instruments brings the risk of self inflicted trauma. Students are expected to wear appropriate protective clothing and behave in a responsible manner. When students are on the diagnostic imaging rotation they will be expected to be conversant with the Local Rules and written system of work. Students who consider they are at special risk from infectious diseases should inform the Advisor to Students and the Course Co-ordinator. (see 5.1)

Students must, at all times, when working in the clinical area, wear either clean white coats, or surgical scrub suits. Protective clothing must be changed when contaminated. Protective clothing worn in the clinical areas must be taken off before visiting other areas of the Veterinary School, such as the refectory, common rooms, library or lecture theatre. When taken off, protective clothing must not be placed in lockers adjacent to normal outer clothing. Students should make use of the ample wash-up facilities throughout the clinical areas, especially bearing in mind the number of potentially serious zoonoses, which could be encountered. Cleanliness is particularly important after handling animals. Cuts and grazes must be covered with waterproof dressings. Great care must be taken when handling animals to ensure that you are not bitten or scratched. Always ensure you are tidy and clean up after you. Do not leave potentially dangerous equipment lying around, e.g. discarded scalpel blades, needles, glass vials, etc. Make sure that all sharps and clinical waste material is placed in the correct bins; if in doubt, ask advice from nurses or members of academic staff. Please read the special instructions regarding radiation safety when participating in the radiology rotation. A comprehensive Health and Safety manual for the whole of the Small Animal Hospital is available for consultation and can be found in the Clinical Records Office/Reception.

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All injuries, no matter how minor, must be reported. Inform the senior clinician in charge of your particular rotation and then report the incident to the Faculty Office (Reception) where a University "Injury or Dangerous Occurrence Report" form has to be completedFirst aid advice will always be given by a member of staff; there are qualified first-aid personnel for more serious incidents and these are:- Julie Norden, (Faculty Office), Pam McComb, (Head Nurse), Gail Hunter (Senior Nurses).

10.2 Student Support & Staff/Student LiaisonStudent welfare and well being is a priority for all members of the staff of Small Animal Clinical Studies. If you feel you have problems, or you feel you are not coping with the work and consider that the aims and objectives are not being attained, then please discuss this with members of staff. All staff teaching the Course welcome the opportunity to discuss problems associated with the Course with students concerned and you are invited to do so.In the first instance this should be with the clinician in charge of the particular rotation, or if it is a more general problem, with the Course Leader, or with the Associate Dean Director of Student Affairs. It is important that you enjoy your final year despite the hard work involved.Some difficulties that might arise may be more usefully dealt with by the Faculty Staff/Student Liaison Committee through the Final Year Representative or the designated members of staff. However, if a matter is to be taken to the Staff/Student Liaison Committee the expected courtesy will be to discuss it with Course Co-ordinator beforehand.

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10.3 Teaching PersonnelThe small animal part of the Division of Companion Animal Sciences is organised into a number of specialisms, each comprising two or more clinicians, who are responsible for organising and teaching their subject in both 4th and Final year. These areas of specialisation are as follows:

Small Animal

Anaesthesia: Professor Jacky ReidMr Derek FlahertyDr. Pat PawsonMr. Adam Auckburally*

Dermatology: Mr Peter Forsythe (Hon Lect)Diagnostic Imaging: Professor Martin Sullivan

Ms Alison KingMr. Calum PatersonMr. Gawain Hammond*Ines Carrera*Gill Cameron (radiographer)Nicki Milne (radiographer)

Internal Medicine: Dr Ian RamseyMs Claire KnottenbeltMr. Aitor Artega*Mr. Andrea Zoia*Ms Alix Thompson*

Neurology: Professor Ian GriffithsDr James AndersonDr Jacques PenderisDr Christine ThomsonMs. Kelly Chang*Ms Rita Goncalves*

Oncology: Dr. Jo MorrisMr. Rory BellMs Lise Nielsen*

Ophthalmology: Mr George PeplinskiOrthopaedic Surgery: Professor David Bennett

Professor Stuart CarmichaelMr. Mike Farrell*Mr. Luke Arnott*Ms Davinia Draffan*

Soft Tissue Surgery : Mr Donald SheahanProfessor Martin SullivanMs Kieri Jermyn*

Behaviour: Ms Samantha Scott (Hon Lect)Caged Pets: Mr Alistair Lawrie (Hon Lect)

Mrs Sharon Smith (VN)

*Senior Clinical Scholars (residents)

Junior Clinical Scholars (Interns): Sorcha Berry, Claire Kiessling, Chiara Penzo, Elspeth Waugh

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10.4 Timetables

CLINICAL ROTATIONWk TERM

11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 10-10 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12

2 17-10 A2 A1 A4 A3 A6 A5 A8 A7 A10 A9 A12 A11

3 24-10 A11 A12 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10

4 31-10 A12 A11 A2 A1 A4 A3 A6 A5 A8 A7 A10 A9

5 7-11 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12

6 14-11 B2 B1 B4 B3 B6 B5 B8 B7 B10 B9 B12 B11

7 21-11 B11 B12 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10

8 28-11 B12 B11 B2 B1 B4 B3 B6 B5 B8 B7 B10 B9

9 05-12 A9 A10 A11 A12 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8

10 12-12 A10 A9 A12 A11 A2 A1 A4 A3 A6 A5 A8 A7 TERM 211 9-1 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6

12 16-1 A8 A7 A10 A9 A12 A11 A2 A1 A4 A3 A6 A5

13 23-1 B9 B10 B11 B12 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8

14 30-1 B10 B9 B12 B11 B2 B1 B4 B3 B6 B5 B8 B7

15 06-2 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6

16 13-2 B8 B7 B10 B9 B12 B11 B2 B1 B4 B3 B6 B5

17 20-2 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A1 A2 A3 A4

18 27-2 A6 A5 A8 A7 A10 A9 A12 A11 A2 A1 A4 A3

19 06-3 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A1 A2

20 13-3 A4 A3 A6 A5 A8 A7 A10 A9 A12 A11 A2 A1 TERM 321 17-4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 B1 B2 B3 B4

22 24-4 B6 B5 B8 B7 B10 B9 B12 B11 B2 B1 B4 B3

23 01-5 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 B1 B2

24 08-5 B4 B3 B6 B5 B8 B7 B10 B9 B12 B11 B2 B1

28 FINALS Friday 2nd June 2006 – Interpretation ExaminationMonday & Tuesday, 5-6th June 2006 - OSCE

Key to rotations Monday Report to: time1. Soft-Tissue Surgery Consulting room 1---------------------9.10am2. Anaesthesia Prep. Room corridor ------------------- 9.00am 3. PDSA 1 Shamrock Street, ------------------10.00am4. Radiography X-ray room 2 --------------------------- 9.00am 5. Specialist II (neurology/ophthalmology) Surgery seminar room-----------------9.00am6. Orthopaedics Surgery seminar room ---------------- 9.00am 7. Hospital care (night) Prep. Room corridor-------------------9.30am8. Triage and Critical care Hospital student laboratory ----------- 8.30am 9. Diagnostic imaging x-ray student reporting room-------10.00am10. Specialist I & Ethics Room Noir ------------------------------ 8.45am 11. Internal medicine Library conference room--------------8.30am12. -- Oncology Library conference room 8.30am

Specialist I and EthicsIncludes dermatology, exotics and ethicsSpecialist IIIncludes neurology and ophthalmology

Soft tissue surgery includes visit to SSPCA spey clinic on the Wednesday of the week

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Small Animal Groups Note these groups are not the same as Large Animal

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6Catriona WilsonCarolyn ToddCinthia Fulton

Matthew DenwoodGerard McLauchlanAlistair Boyd

Abi JacksonMark GeddesJonathan LaingMorven McGregor

Fflur RobertsKirsten GallacherHeather RamseyPhillipa Williams

Michaela WilkinsonAnna Jamieson-TillAlex BelchColin Buchan

John SheppardAmy KoterbayDouglas Veitch

A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12Kirsten SimpsonSarah CampbellClaire WilliamsLaura Rennie

Alasdair GrahamRachel MortCarol McInnesJoanne McGeoch

Mairi MackayCatherine TiernanOlivia ByrneNicki Singleton

Susie RidleyElaine McNamaraSee-mun TsangHolly Mervik

Nicola WilsonLouise ForrestTim Wood

Victoria SmithRupert Hunt-TaylorAnn McGaughayHarriet Chapman

lB1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6

Suzanne DuncanHelen MundayAdam PawsonEileen McCann

Lorna WebsterKai-Biu ShiuPhilip KennedyEuan Morrison

Jennifer PhilpKatherine DunlopRachael CollinsHeather Kennedy

Allison CoxLouise WilsonShona MorrisonGiles Moore

Marie SorowkaCatriona MacKenzieElizabeth JohnsonNina De Franco

Gemma HalcrowAndrew CookeJohn Atkinson

B7 B8 B9 B10 B1` B12Jillian McComishMichelle CoiaBrian Rois-Mendez

Susan DonaldsonGavin HarperCaroline HarknessPaul Eynon

Lucy ColdwellChristina MayFiona MallonJoanne Younge

Caroline SmithIan CureKirsten McLeod

Caroline WilsonMatthew McCreeAnne Coulter

Victoria DaviesAlice WrightKlara TaylorHelen Smith

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11 SAMPLE EXAMINATION PAPERSThere are no sample examination because of the nature of the final examination (see above), however, the Fourth Year and formative OSCEs are good examples of the nature of the questions used.

12 CORE COMPETENCIES (RCVS)

(Draft) guidelines on the essential competencesrequired of the new veterinary graduate

Terminology 16. The Working Party considered the meanings of the words “competence” and “skill”.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary definitions, “competence” is the basic ability necessary to legally perform a task, whereas “skill” implies a higher level of ability, indicating expertise and practised ability. The Working Party agreed that “competence” was what the profession should be expecting of its new graduates in their first week in practice after registration.

17. The word “competence”, when used as part of the language of education/training, acquires additional defining features. A competence is a statement of what a person can do. It is a description of an action or behaviour which that person should be able to demonstrate and which can be assessed once broken down into assessable levels.

Competence18. Three main areas of competence, based on the understanding of a competence as described above, have been identified. Each of these three areas has been expanded and subdivided into a number of broad statements of competence.

Areas of competence Statements of competenceA Theoretically-based veterinary competences A.1 to A.6B Practically-based veterinary competences B.1 to B.15C. General competences C.1 to C.8

Theoretically-based Veterinary CompetencesDemonstrate an understanding of:A.1. the sciences on which the activities of veterinary surgeons are based A.2. research methods and the contribution of basic and applied research to all aspects of

veterinary scienceA.3. the structure and functions of healthy animals, and all aspects of their husbandry.A.4. legislation relating to the welfare (including transport) of animals and notifiable diseases.A.5. veterinary public health issues including zoonoses.A.6. the aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of the

common diseases and disorders that occur in the common domestic species in the UK.

Practically-based Veterinary CompetencesB.1. Obtain an accurate and relevant history of the individual animal or animal group, and its/their

environment.B.2. Handle and restrain an animal safely and humanely, and perform a complete clinical

examination. Instruct others involved in handing and restraint of animals in safety aspects.B.3. Attend all species in an emergency and perform basic first aid.B.4. Assess the nutritional status of an animal and be able to advise on appropriate husbandry and

feeding. B.5. Collect, preserve and transport samples, perform standard laboratory techniques (as required

of veterinary nurses), and interpret the results, as well as those generated by other laboratories.

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B.6. Use radiographic and ultrasonic, and other technical equipment which can be used as a diagnostic aid, safely and in accordance with current Regulations to obtain results.

B.7. Know the procedures to follow after diagnosing notifiable and zoonotic diseases.B.8. Know the methods of sterilisation of surgical equipment and understand the principles of

surgery.B.9. Safely perform sedation, general and regional anaesthesia, implement chemical methods of

restraint, and be able to control and assess pain.B.10. Advise on, and administer, appropriate treatment.B.11. Recognise when euthanasia is necessary and be able to perform it humanely, using an

appropriate method, whilst showing sensitivity to the feelings of owners and others, and with due regard to the safety of those present. Advise on disposal of the carcase.

B.12. Perform a basic gross post mortem examination, record details and know how to sample tissues, store and transport them.

B.13. Perform ante mortem inspection of animals destined for the food chain and be able to recognise conditions affecting the quality and safety of products of animal origin.

B.14. Analyse animal health and production records; understand the importance of animal health economics in the context of acceptable animal welfare. Advise on, and carry out, preventative and prophylactic programmes appropriate to the species and commensurate with accepted animal health, welfare and public health standards.

B.15. Be aware of the need to minimise the risks of contamination, cross infection and accumulation of pathogens in a veterinary premises and in the field.

General C.1. Communicate effectively, by the spoken and written word, to the public, professional

colleagues and responsible authorities. In particular be able to produce case reports in a form satisfactory to colleagues and understandable by the public.

C.2. Work as a member of a team in the delivery of services to clients. C.3. Be responsive to the influence of economic and emotional pressures. C.4. Be aware of the role of veterinary surgeons in the community particularly in relation to ethical

principles.C.5. Have an elementary knowledge of the organisation and management of a veterinary practice.

This should include: awareness of the responsibilities in relation to current employment and health and safety

legislation, lay staff and public liability knowledge of the principles of certification awareness of the need to understand calculation of fees, drawing up of accounts, and

systems for record keeping and book-keeping, including computer records and case reports

awareness of professional standards and policies knowledge of correct prescription, dispensing, safe storage and safe disposal of

medicines, and waste awareness of sources of data on licensed medicines

C.6. Understand the benefit, need, and professional obligation, for a programme of CPD throughout their professional life and future career development including where and how it can be achieved.

C.7. Demonstrate their capability to conduct themselves in a professional manner with regard to the veterinary surgeon’s professional and legal responsibilities and understand the ethical codes as set out in the Guide to Professional Conduct.

C.8. Demonstrate awareness of when, and from where, to seek professional advice and assistance.

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13 SSPCA, PDSA and Dermatology referral practiceSSPCA= Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, PDSA= Peoples Dispensary for Sick Animals

SSPCAREMEMBER that when at the Scottish SPCA Animal Welfare Centes (AWCs) you are an

ambassador for the Veterinary School. Please observe the local rules which apply and which may be different to those of the Veterinary School. Please also remember that the Veterinary Units at the AWCs are contracted to neuter a minimum number of animals per week and thus the neutering Clinics must be run effectively so please be understanding with the Staff, particularly over time-management.

The visit to the SSPCA takes place during the Soft Tissue Surgery rotation on the Wednesday. Students are responsible for organising their travel to the Scottish SPCA Animal Welfare Centres at Cardonald (map on Final Year Notice Board). Contact number 0141-810-8085.

Please arrive at the Cardonald centre for 9AM (no earlier please).

You must take a sterile gown, surgical gloves, hat, over-shoes and mask with you; these can be obtained from the Small Animal Theatre. If not disposable, the gown must be returned to the laundry upon your return to the Veterinary School. You should also have your own Theatre Suits and Footwear.

Also see section 5 Start of the week, page 10.

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PDSANOTES FOR FINAL YEAR UGVS STUDENTS AT SHAMROCK ST

1. Please supply your own white coat, name tag, stethoscope and notebook. A locker is available for your use. Please stow valuables in here and at end of week please leave key in the lock.

2. Smart dress for consulting ie collar/tie for men NB no jeans/trainers or T-shirts3. Parking on the street requires purchase of vouchers. The PDSA car parks should not be used. We are

very close to good underground and bus access. A Bike rack is available in rear car park4. A brief introduction is given by PDSA staff at 10.00am on Monday

The morning sessions are from 10am-12.00 and afternoons are from 2-5pm (Fri 2-4pm). Tea breaks may be taken at the discretion of your supervisor at approx 11am and 3.30pm . Tea and coffee are provided. Bring lunch with you –however there are plenty of shops nearby where you can purchase sandwiches etc.

5. HEALTH AND SAFETY- The PDSA has a comprehensive H&S policy and there are certain rules which must be followed. The most important of these are 1) FIRE REGULATIONS

a) All students /supervisors must sign in /out every time you leave the buildingb) Fire regulations are posted throughout the building. Please familiarise yourself with the drill and

with the various fire exits.c) The fire alarm is an unmistakeable sound- painful!!- You must leave the building immediately

upon hearing this, and you must proceed to the collecting point in the car park at the Dalhousie St entrance.

2) MANUAL HANDLINGa) Take care when lifting/carrying animals – use the lifting blankets /trolleys which are supplied.

Ask for assistance from other people or if a big dog then examine it on the floorb) Take care when examining awkward /aggressive animals- use muzzles and dog catchers and

crush cages when necessary. See attached protocol.3) SHARPSAFE CONTAINERS

a) Please dispose of scalpels/needles immediately you are finished with them. You will find sharp-safe containers located in all consulting areas.

4) ACCIDENT BOOK a) This is found in First Aid drawer in minor ops room- This must be filled in if you or a client

sustain an injury (also includes clients fainting etc)- this means even minor injuries such as cat scratches.

5) H&S MANUAL is available if anyone wishes to read it6. The clinic offers excellent first presentation cases so you have the opportunity to gain experience in taking

case histories, carrying out clinical examinations and dealing with a wide array of clients – make the most of it!

CONSULTING7. When you call a client into the consulting room explain that you are a GUVS student

And that you will be carrying out the initial examination, but also advise the owner that your supervising vet will then also examine the case and will discuss the case and treatment with yourself and the owner.If the client insists on seeing a PDSA vet do not be offended – there may be many reasons.

8. Accommodation is quite crowded so please try to have only one or two clients come into the consulting room with the animal.

9. When discussing cases with your supervisor away from the owner please do not use other consulting rooms even if they are empty at the time. These rooms must always be kept free . Do not discuss cases in earshot of other clients.

10. When typing entries onto the computer- remember the data protection act- the client has the right to view all files in his/her name. Do not enter any derogatory comments!

11. Some (only a very small proportion ) of our clients are not very trustworthy- do not leave any valuables lying around and try not to leave any drugs/syringes /needles within easy access.

12. Please remember that PDSA is a charity with no government funding towards the animal treatment, so we are constantly on a tight budget. Consider carefully what treatment options are available for individual cases and then remember that we cannot charge for our work so cannot pass on the cost to the owner.It is also helpful, when considering treatment, to think about 1) the animal’s vaccination status 2) owner commitment and ability to carry out treatment and care for the animal

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13. Diagnostic tests eg biochem/haematology are available but again please consider the cost of these. We do not take routine pre-op samples and we seldom take full profiles unless there is good cause.Please select the tests required carefully & justify them.When taking blood samples please ensure that all sample tubes are named completely and that the appropriate forms are filled in and put them in the appropriate tray. The log book must also be completed.

14. Euthanasia cases- In ALL cases a euthanasia permit must be signed before the procedure is carried out – please ensure the signature is that of the registered owner!! If it is not then they should have a letter of authority from the registered owner. Allow the owner the option to stay with the animal or to leave while euthanasia is performed. If owner wishes to stay then please let your supervisor carry out the procedure. All pets euthanised at PDSA are cremated and owners are usually ok if you let them know this. Occasionally a client wishes a private cremation for their pet. This must be arranged (and paid for) by the client themselves . We can keep the body until collected by their chosen firm. For details see member of staff.

15. At end of consultation please confirm that owner has received donation envelope and show them where red donation boxes are .

16. If you require to book in a case for surgery please ask member of PDSA staff to assess the case for urgency and to do the booking of the op. For cases that you feel need admitted at the time you should speak to that days surgery vet to advise when likely to be done/time for client to ring for info etc.

17. NB VERY IMPORTANT- ALL CASES MUST BE EXAMINED BY YOUR SUPERVISOR AND YOU MUST DISCUSS CASE FULLY WITH SUPERVISOR BEFORE COMMITTING YOURSELF TO A COURSE OF ACTION

18. PLEASE CHECK ALL DRUG STRENGTHS AND DOSES WITH YOUR SUPERVISOR BEFORE YOU TYPE IN DETAILS ONTO COMPUTER- some of the drugs have similar names and odd strengths so it is essential that these are correct

19. PLEASE ENSURE YOU CLEAN AND RETURN ANY EQUIPMENT TO WHERE YOU FOUND IT AND PLEASE LEAVE YOUR CONSULTING ROOM CLEAN AND TIDY AT THE END OF EACH SESSION.

Dermatology referral PracticeThis is a private referral practice. Students will have the opportunity to see a variety of clinical presentations and investigations, including cytology.Please keep the nature of environment in mind and dress and behave accordingly.

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14 SSPCA BITCH SPAY NOTESSCOTTISH SPCA VET CLINIC BITCH SPAY NOTES Introduction These notes have been prepared to make the job of teaching ovarohysterectomy to final year students easier. You should have a thorough knowledge of the anatomy already. The aim is to prepare you for any eventuality. As your level of surgical confidence and competence grows, you will probably find other ways of performing at least certain parts of the procedure. It is highly suggested that you review the anatomy of the bitch’s abdomen before reading these notes. You should also make the absolute most of the practical session when it arrives. Make sure you clarify any points you are not certain of. These notes are by no means totally exhaustive and should not be regarded as the last word on bitch spaying. You will come across various other ways that people have adapted and changed the basic procedure. However, they do act as a template upon which you can add as you gain experience. There is not one perfect way, demonstrated by the fact that it is taught differently in different parts of the country. Before neutering any bitch, you should have, of course, made sure she is a good anaesthetic risk. But also, to avoid what complications you can, there are other checks to make: 1. Is she in season? We normally tell owners that we will not neuter a bitch until at least 10 weeks after her last season stopped. If you ever get to spay a bitch sooner than this you will understand why. 2. Can you feel/see what might be a neutering scar? Try to examine all bitches of unknown neutered status during routine health checks. The days of nylon sutures are over, so it is not always easy to tell, but the more you look the easier you will find it. 3. Is there any evidence of a phantom pregnancy? It is not wise to perform the operation during this. Administer treatment first. (N.B. a less commonly seen problem after spaying bitches if for them to blow up a profound phantom pregnancy. The amount of milk produced is really extreme. These cases respond to the conventional treatment, but may take longer.). 4. Some would argue that all Dobermans should be routinely tested for clotting defects.

Section 1 How to start Your first task is to make a window in the bitch’s abdomen through which you can remove her uterus and ovaries. Although it does not really matter how large you make this window, it is a truism to say that you can make a small hole bigger, but you cannot make a big hole smaller. Don’t overdo it to begin with, or you will end up having to stitch up a wound at the end that could have been half the size. Yes, wounds heal from side to side, not end to end – but we have seen far more post-operative seromas, among other complications, in bitches with large spay wounds than small ones. Our recommendation, then, would be initially to go with caution. Start your incision 1 to 2 cm caudal to the umbilicus. This is commonly at about the level of the second teats, or slightly cranial. End your incision somewhere between the level of the third and fourth teats. This will give you an opening that is up to 10 cm long. Use a size 10 blade or similar, and ensure that you tension the skin of the abdomen with your less dominant hand. Make sure you make your incision as perfectly midline, following the linea alba, as possible. Use one continuous stroke of the scalpel until you have reached the end point of the incision. Experience, and experience only, will let you know how much pressure to apply when doing this. You should have some memory of this from anatomy dissection. It does not take long to get the hang of it. If you are not deep enough, which is the norm, then reposition your other hand to apply more tension and continue the incision deeper. Your aim is to cut through the connective tissue and fat under the skin, to expose the muscle wall of the abdomen. Eventually this will take you a few seconds. Once you can see muscle along the entire length of the wound, you then need to clear the area by dissecting fat and connective tissue off the rectus abdominis. You can do this bluntly with a pair of scissors (small, straight-ended Metzenbaums are useful for this). We would suggest you use this method, as it is safer. An oft-preferred method, as it is quicker, is to use the scalpel (which is still in your hand), angled horizontally, to cleanly dissect between the muscle and fat. Try

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ESSENTIAL COMPETENCES REQUIRED OF THE VETERINARY SURGEONINTRODUCTION1. An important statutory function of RCVS is to determine the “standard of proficiency” and “knowledge

and skill” to fit veterinary surgeons for practising in the United Kingdom. The standard set for registration is a key benchmark that affects the approval of veterinary degree courses in the UK and overseas, and should also be seen as the starting point for consideration of an individual’s continuing education and training needs after registration. Maintaining and further developing professional competence is a requirement for all veterinary surgeons.

2. This document sets out the essential competences required of the veterinary surgeon for membership of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.

3. There are many definitions of ‘competence’ and many views on how it can be developed and assessed. In general terms, however, competence is a concept that integrates knowledge, skills and attitudes, the application of which enables the professional to perform effectively, and to respond to contingencies, change, and the unexpected.

4. This document takes a broad definition of competence as being “the ability to perform the roles and tasks required by one’s job to the expected standard” (Eraut & Boulay, 20001). The definition recognises that requirements and expectations change depending on the job role and context. It also recognises that competence develops, and that an individual may work ‘competently’ at many different levels, either at different stages of their career, or indeed from one day to the next depending on the nature of their work.

5. Eraut and Boulay (2000) point out the importance of distinguishing between an individual’s competence – what one can do, and performance – what one actually does. RCVS is concerned with competence when it undertakes its primary function of determining “the standard of proficiency required for registration” and ensuring that individuals “will have acquired the knowledge and skill needed for the efficient practice of veterinary surgery” (Veterinary Surgeons Act 1966, section 3). Performance may be affected by factors such as workload, working conditions, levels of support, and so on. The regulation of performance is a function of RCVS through its statutory disciplinary powers.

6. The essential competences have been broken down into three main areas. They are:

- A General professional competences and attributesdescribing the distinguishing characteristics of a veterinary surgeon

- B Underpinning knowledge and understandingdescribing in general terms the breadth of knowledge and understanding needed for a career as a veterinary surgeon, and for subsequent professional development in whatever sphere of veterinary science the individual wishes to pursue

- C Practically-based veterinary competencesdescribing the basic practical competences that are expected at the point of graduation.

1 “Developing the Attributes of Medical Professional Judgement and Competence”, a review funded by the Postregistration Medical and Dental Education Research Initiative of the Dept. of Health’s Policy Research Programme, by Professor Michael Eraut and Benedict du Boulay, University of Sussex. The full paper is available on the web at http:/www.cogs.susx.ac.uk/users/bend/doh

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The ten guiding principles of the RCVS Guide to Professional Conduct should be seen as overarching requirements for registration (and by implication, continued registration) with the College. The Guide states that:

Your clients are entitled to expect that you will: - 1. make animal welfare your first consideration in seeking to provide the most appropriate

attention for animals committed to your care2. ensure that all animals under your care are treated humanely and with respect3. maintain and continue to develop your professional knowledge and skills4. foster and maintain a good relationship with your clients, earning their trust, respecting their

views and protecting client confidentiality5. uphold the good reputation of the veterinary profession6. ensure the integrity of veterinary certification7. foster and endeavour to maintain good relationships with your professional colleagues8. understand and comply with your legal obligations in relation to the prescription, safe-

keeping and supply of veterinary medicinal products9. familiarise yourself with and observe the relevant legislation in relation to veterinary

surgeons as individual members of the profession, employers, employees and business owners

10. respond promptly, fully and courteously to complaints and criticism.

ESSENTIAL COMPETENCES REQUIRED OF THE NEW VETERINARY GRADUATE

“DAY ONE SKILLS”

A1 - GENERAL PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ATTRIBUTESThe new veterinary graduate should be able to:A1.1 Communicate effectively with clients, the lay public, professional colleagues and responsible

authorities; listen effectively and respond sympathetically to clients and others, using language in a form appropriate to the audience and the context

A1.2 Prepare clear case reports and maintain patient records in a form satisfactory to colleagues and understandable by the public

A1.3 Work effectively as a member of a multi-disciplinary team in the delivery of services to clientsA1.4 Be aware of the ethical responsibilities of the veterinary surgeon in relation to individual patient care

and client relations, and also more generally in the community in relation to their possible impact on the environment and society as a whole

A1.5 Be aware of the economic and emotional climate in which the veterinary surgeon operates, and respond appropriately to the influence of such pressures

A1.6 Be willing to use one’s professional capabilities to contribute as far as possible to the advancement of veterinary knowledge in order to benefit veterinary practice and further improve the quality of animal care and public health

A1.7 Have an elementary knowledge of the organisation and management of a veterinary practice, including:

awareness of own and employer’s responsibilities in relation to employment and health and safety legislation, and the position relating to lay staff and public liability

awareness of how fees are calculated and invoices drawn up, and the importance of following the practice’s systems for record keeping and book-keeping, including computer records and case reports

ability to use information technology effectively to communicate, share, collect, manipulate and analyse information

importance of complying with professional standards and policies of the practiceA1.8 Understand the need and professional obligation for a commitment to continuing education and

training, and professional development, throughout one’s professional life

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A1.9 Conduct oneself in a professional manner with regard to the veterinary surgeon’s professional and legal responsibilities and understand and apply the ethical codes as set out in the RCVS Guide to Professional Conduct

A1.10 Be able to cope with uncertainty and adapt to changeA1.11 Develop a capacity for self-audit and willingness to participate in the peer-review processA1.12 Be aware of personal limitations, and demonstrate awareness of when and from where to seek

professional advice, assistance and support. (Commentary: This last item is considered to be one of the most important, and should guide all new

veterinary graduates when undertaking their professional duties. Veterinary surgeons undertaking procedures on patients must at all stages in their careers be fully competent in their performance, or be under the close supervision of those so competent. When in doubt, the new veterinary graduate must seek professional support and in the interests of animal and human health, should not attempt to undertake complex procedures unsupervised.)

B1 - UNDERPINNING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDINGThe new veterinary graduate will need to have acquired a thorough knowledge and understanding of the following: B1.1 The sciences on which the activities of veterinary surgeons are based B1.2 Research methods and the contribution of basic and applied research to all

aspects of veterinary scienceB1.3 How to evaluate evidenceB1.4 The structure and functions of healthy animals, and all aspects of their husbandry B1.5 The aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of the common diseases and

disorders that occur in the common domestic species in the UKB1.6 Legislation relating to the welfare (including transport) of animals and notifiable diseasesB1.7 Medicines legislation and guidelines on responsible use of medicinesB1.8 The principles of disease prevention and the promotion of health and welfareB1.9 Veterinary public health issues including zoonoses.

C1 - PRACTICAL COMPETENCES

The new veterinary graduate should be able to undertake the following:

C1.1 Obtain an accurate and relevant history of the individual animal or animal group, and its/their environment

C1.2 Handle and restrain an animal safely and humanely, and instruct others in performing these techniques

C1.3 Perform a complete clinical examinationC1.4 Attend all species in an emergency and perform basic first aid (Commentary: problems to be handled for any species include first aid management of haemorrhage, wounds, breathing

difficulties, eye & ear injuries, unconsciousness, clinical deterioration, burns, tissue damage, internal organ damage and cardiac arrest. First aid to be applied includes bandaging, cleaning, immobilising limbs, resuscitation procedures, haemorrhage control.)

C1.5 Assess correctly the nutritional status of an animal and be able to advise the client on principles of husbandry and feeding

(Commentary: this applies to commonly presented cases and would not, for example, be expected to include advanced nutritional advice for complex cases, eg. high performance horses, high yielding diary cows, certain exotic or zoological species.)

C1.6 Collect, preserve and transport samples, perform standard laboratory tests, and interpret the results of those generated in-house, as well as those generated by other laboratories

(Commentary: new graduates are expected to have a working knowledge of tests to be undertaken include conditions relating to infectious & contagious diseases; alimentary system; respiratory system; circulatory system; urinary system; nervous system; endocrine system; mucucutaneous system; musculoskeletal system; trauma; poisoning; obstetrics; paediatrics; parturition; reproduction)

C1.7 Use radiographic, ultrasonic, and other technical equipment which can be used as a diagnostic aid, safely and in accordance with current regulations

C1.8 Follow correct procedures after diagnosing notifiable, reportable and zoonotic diseasesC1.9 Know and apply the RCVS twelve Principles of Certification correctly

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C1.10 Access the appropriate sources of data on licensed medicines; prescribe and dispense medicines correctly and responsibly in accordance with relevant legislation and ensure that medicines and waste are safely stored and/or disposed of

C1.11 Correctly apply principles of sterilisation of surgical equipmentC1.12 Correctly apply principles of aseptic surgeryC1.13 Safely perform sedation, general and regional anaesthesia, implement chemical methods of restraint,

and assess and control painC1.14 Advise on, and administer appropriate treatment (Commentary: the new veterinary surgeon must always seek professional advice and support if presented with a case

beyond his or her immediate capability – see item A.12)C1.15 Recognise when euthanasia is necessary and perform it humanely, using an appropriate method,

whilst showing sensitivity to the feelings of owners and others, and with due regard to the safety of those present; advise on disposal of the carcase

C1.16 Perform a basic gross post mortem examination, record details, sample tissues, store and transport them

C1.17 Perform ante mortem inspection of animals destined for the food chain and correctly identify conditions affecting the quality and safety of products of animal origin

C1.18 Assess and implement basic health and welfare records (and production records where appropriate)C1.19 Advise on, and carry out preventive and prophylactic programmes appropriate to the species and

commensurate with accepted animal health, welfare and public health standards, seeking advice and assistance where necessary from professional colleagues

C1.20 Minimise the risks of contamination, cross infection and accumulation of pathogens in the veterinary premises and in the field.

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