introduction to triz educational training part 2
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction toTRIZ
Educational trainingPart 2
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Defining the OpportunitiesTo formulate Opportunities we use the following control questions and templates:
Question: What functions do we want to maximize?Opportunity: Find a way to improve the useful function.
Question: What functions do we want to minimize?Opportunity: Find a way to counteract the harmful function.
Question: What contradiction do we have if try to apply a known solution?Opportunity: Resolve the contradiction: Contradictory Function should produce a useful result, and should not produce a harmful result.
Select Opportunities for Guided Brainstorming
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Guided Brainstorming Process
Transform a challenge into a well defined inventive problem
Define opportunities and generate preliminary ideas
Evaluate ideas and develop solution concept
Develop Concepts
SolutionChallenge
and Problem
Steps 4: Generate Ideas
Define Objectives
Formulate Opportunities
Generate Ideas
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Inventive Principles
Patents(worldwide)
2,000,000
Inventive Principles
60
• The same inventive principles have been used over and over again.
• The screening of more than two million patents has yielded 60 principles incorporated in our method.
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Inventive Principle “Integrate”Consolidate two or more systems for a synergistic effect (1 + 1 = 3 rule)
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How Inventive Principles Work
Trialand
errorapproac
h
Problem Solution
3x2+5x+2=0 x=-1,-2/3
Abstract Problem Abstract Solution
ax2+bx+c=0 -b±√b2 - 4ac 2a
x=
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?
How Inventive Principles Work
Inventive Principle
Real World Problem Real World Solution
Conduct sequential functions simultaneously
Problem Solution
Trial and errorapproach
Where place
separator?
Combine separation
and transportation
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Applying Inventive Principles
Applying two inventive principles (Partitioning and Integration) to improve
the design of an ax.
1.Create a series of mental images of change. Simply imagine that the Inventive Principle implemented.
2.Write down all ideas.
3.If one mental image of change doesn’t work, then apply additional inventive principles to form hybrid images.
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Software – one click access
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The Same Principles
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Basic directions to new Ideas
Change Outcome (Vision)(How it’s used)
Mobilize Resources(What it takes)
Change Functioning (How it works)
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Mobilize Resources
System
Substances – all of the materials and elements in the system and its surroundings
Space – free, unoccupied space in the system and its surroundings
• There are more resources than you might realize at first.• The most creative solutions use resources that are already in the system.
Information – knowledge about the system which can be obtained though interaction with fields and substances
Energy – any type of energy, action or force available within the system or its environment
Time – time intervals before, after and between cycles of the process which are available for use
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Mobilize Resources
Electrical heater example
Air
What resources are available in this system?Majority of people: Copper wire, air, voltage, current
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“Ready” Resources
CopperContaminatesTypeAmountDiameterLengthShape of WireAmountForm of signal (A/C)FrequencyAmountForm of signal (A/C)FrequencyHydrogenOxygenNitrogenPressureTemperatureSpeed
Mobilize Resources
Resistance
Magnetic Field
Oxidation
Moisture
Cooling/Heat Dissipation
Wire
Current
Voltage
Air
“Derived” Resources
There are more resources than you might realize at first.
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Fishing Boats: Iced, Capsized, Sunk
Resource Needed to Remove Ice
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Mobilize Resources
Saving the Fishing Boats: Customer Reaction
1. Watering the boat? Nonsense! Water is our main enemy!
2. Too simple – somebody would have suggested it long ago!
3. Let’s test it! Very strange . . . but it works ! ! !
4. Simplest implementation – paragraph added to safety instruction manual
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How to measure the length of a poisonous snake?
Change Functioning
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Logs transported must be measured to calculate volumes.
Photographs are taken and measuring the images.
Buildings near the Arctic Circle constructed on piles. The positions of the piles must be measured.
Photographs are taken and measure the images.
Inventive Principle - Use a Model
Change Functioning
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Change Functioning
We can employ the inventive principle Use a Model or Copy. Take a photograph of the snakes and measure them with a curvemeter to calculate the actual length.
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Pump Ball Valve
Valve travel stop
Ball
Metal waste from stamping process is about 82%
Change Functioning
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Change Functioning
Inventive principle: Exclude
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Change Outcome (Vision)
• Coring bell peppers• Shelling sunflower seeds• Start the engine• Splitting diamonds
Intensify by Concentrating Resources
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Change Outcome (Vision)
Apply the Inventive Principle “Intensify” to “Unwrap ball bearings”
Unwrapping Ball Bearings
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Resolve the contradiction by separating contradictory requirements:
• Separate in Space• Separate in Time• Separate in Structure• Separate on Conditions
Resolving Contradictions
Useful Function
Useful Result
Harmful result
Useful Function
Useful Result
Harmful result
State 1
State 2
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Resolve the Contradiction
The lower part of the lens serves for reading; the upper part provides correction for long-distance vision
Separation in Space: A function should be in one place and should not be in another
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Resolve the Contradiction
The airplane wings can extend to provide large area for landing, and retract for high-speed flight
Separation in Time: A function should be during one time and should not be during another
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Resolve the Contradiction
A bicycle chain is made up of multiple rigid components, yet is flexible overall
Separation in Structure: A function should be at the system level and should not be at the component level (or vice versa)
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Resolve the Contradiction
A light-sensitive circuit is open in the presence of light and closed in the dark
Separation on Condition: A function should be under one condition and should not be under another
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Contradiction
The Boeing 737 required bigger engines with more air flow. This can be achieved by increasing the diameter of the engine. But a larger air intake would reduce the ground clearance.
Larger enginediameter
Increases air intake
Decreases groundclearance
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Resolve the Contradiction
Separate contradictory requirements in space by the Inventive Principle “Different locations.” - Separate the function into two states and assign them to different locations.
Asymmetric tire have the outer sidewall thicker than the inner sidewall. This increases the strength where necessary, while saving weight and material.
When tire rub against a curb, the sidewall become damaged.
Resolve the contradiction: Thick tire should produce protect from damage, and should not produce expensive and heavy tires.
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Resolve the Contradiction
Resolve the contradiction: Lager engine diameter should produce Increases air intake, and should not produce Decreases ground clearance.
Separate in Space by the Inventive Principle “Different locations”
Idea: make the radius of the air intake large in one direction
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Inventive Principles Work Together
Preliminary action + Counteract
Preliminary Counteraction + Localize
Local preliminary counteraction
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Rescuing a Ship
Resolve the Contradiction: Strong water flow should produce Ship is rescued fast and should not produce Recoil pushes diver away.
Rescuing a Ship Stranded on a Sand Bar
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Rescuing a Ship
Ideal vision: monitor itself compensates for recoilEnergy resource - excessive water pressureIntegrate - connect a second monitor in the opposite direction to compensate for the recoilExclude - second monitor, but complete the function “compensate recoil” by a water streamSolution - make a hole in back of the existing monitor