introduction to the french language (introduction À la langue franÇaise) lesson 1 (leçon 1)
TRANSCRIPT
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INTRODUCTION TO THE FRENCH LANGUAGE(INTRODUCTION À LA LANGUE FRANÇAISE)
Lesson 1 (Leçon 1)
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The French Alphabet (L’alphabet français)
Letter
Sounds like
Letter
Sounds Like
Letter
Sounds Like
A “ah” J “jhee” S “es”
B “bay” K “ka” T “tay”
C “say” L “el” U “oo”
D “day” M “em” V “vay”
E “ur” N “en” W “dooble vay”
F “ef” O “oh” X “eeks”
G “jhey” P “pay” Y “eegrek”
H “ahsh” Q “koo” Z “zed”
I “ee” R “air”
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Numbers 1-20 (Les nombres de 1 à 20)
Number
Sounds Like Number
Sounds Like
1 “unh” 11 “ohnz”
2 “doo” 12 “dooze”
3 “twa” 13 “trez”
4 “cat” 14 “catorz”
5 “sank” 15 “ganz”
6 “cease” 16 “says”
7 “set” 17 “deece set”
8 “wheat” 18 “deece wheat”
9 “nuff” 19 “deece nuff”
10 “deece” 20 “vah”
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Accent Marks (Les accents)
There are 5 accent marks used in the French language Acute accent (L’accent aigu) Grave accent (L’accent grave) Cedilla (la cédille) Circumflex (la circonflexe) Diaeresis (le tréma)
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Acute accent (L’accent aigu)
“Left hand accent” or “Left hand salute”é onlyMakes an “ay” sound
French Word Pronunciation
L’éléphant lay-lay-fon(t)
L’été Lay-tay
L’éclairs Lay-clair
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Grave accent (L’accent grave)
“Right hand accent” or “Right hand salute”à, è, ùDoes not change sound, but makes the word
pronounceable
French Word Pronunciation
La fièvre La feeEHvre
voilà vwa-lAH
où oo
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Cedilla (la cédille)
Turns a “c” from a “kuh” to “sss”Ç
French Word Pronunciation
Le français Luh frehn-say
Le garçon Luh gar-sohn
François Frehn-swa
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Circumflex (la circonflexe)
Does not change the sound, this is a vestige from Old French
It only affects writingâ, ê, î, ô, û
French Word Pronunciation
mâle mEHl
être EH-tre
Le dîner Luh dEE-nay
L’hôtel LOH-tel
sûr sOOUr
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Diaeresis (le tréma)
Used when two vowels are next to each other and are meant to be pronounced separately
ë, ï
French Word Pronunciation
Le noël Luh no-EHl
naïf nah-Eef
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Silent Letters (Les lettres muettes)
In French, some letters are not pronounced, particularly at the end of words Final –e: The final –e is not usually pronounced
Madame, Phillip e
Final –s: The final –s is not usually pronounced Louis, Charles, très
Final consonants are not usually pronounced, the usual exceptions are: -c, -r, -f, -l, -k *Remember to be CaReFuL* which final consonants are pronounced Robert, Albert, Eric, Marc, Raoul
H is never pronounced* L’hôtel, L’hôpital, L’homme
* There is the h aspiré
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Differences between English and French(Les différence entre l’anglais et le
français)
Spoken French differs from English *Valette, Jean-Paul, and Rebecca M. Valette. Contacts: Lange et culture françaises. New York:
Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001.
*Tenseness ENGLISH is a very RELAXED
language. Vowels are often glided. Some consonants may also be prolonged.
FRENCH is a very TENSE language. Vowels are short and clipped: they do not glide. Consonants are short and distinctly pronounced.
Rhythm ENGLISH rhythm is SING-SONGY. Some syllables are short and others are long.
FRENCH rhythm is VERY EVEN. Only the LAST syllable of a group of words is longer than the others.
Linking In spoken ENGLISH, words are usually SEPARATED. Your vocal cords may even stop vibrating in an instnat between words.
In spoken FRENCH, words are NOT SEPARATED. In fact, within a group of words, all syllables are LINKED or CONNECTED together.
Syllables In spoken ENGLISH, many words and syllables end on a CONSONANT SOUND.
In spoken FRENCH, syllables end on a VOWEL SOUND wherever possible.