introduction to silvicultural systems
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I ntro to the Forester’s Craft or How is Scientific Forestry different than just cutting down trees? and getting towards What is the “forestry” in community-based forestry. Introduction to Silvicultural Systems. BC Ministry of Forests Forest Practices Branch. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Intro to the Forester’s Craft
or How is Scientific Forestry different
than just cutting down trees?
and getting towards
What is the “forestry” in community-based forestry
Introduction to Silvicultural Systems
http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfp/training/00014/index.htm
BC Ministry of Forests
Forest Practices Branch
A silvicultural system …
is a planned program of treatments during the whole life of a stand designed to achieve specific stand structural (and species composition) objectives.
This program of treatments integrates specific harvesting, regeneration, and stand tending (TSI) methods to achieve a predictable yield of benefits from the stand over time.
Main silvicultural systems
Even-aged systems• clearcut • patch cut • seed tree • shelterwood • coppice • retention system
Uneven-aged systems• single tree selection
• group selection
Stand volume and
growth
Basal area
Site Index
Mean annual increment (MAI)
Even Aged SystemsThe stand overstory is generally removed in one harvest. New even-aged stands are regenerated after harvest within the previously cleared block.
Even-aged continued
ShelterwoodRetention
Some stands are “naturally” even-aged monocultures,
e.g. lodgepole pine
U. of Northern British Columbiahttp://web.unbc.ca/~lindgren/RESEARCH/mgraf/index.html
Parks Canadahttp://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/np-pn/
eco/eco5_e.asp
Alternatives to managing lodgepole pine
Itcha-Ilgachuz Alternative Silvicultural Systems, BC Natural Resources Canada
1934 CCC heavy thinning from below, OR Yale U, Global Forestry Institute
1934 Black Hills National Forest, SD Yale U, Global Forestry Institute
Uneven Aged Treatments
Single Tree Selection Group Selection
Size/Age distribution in Uneven-aged systems
Lonnie E. Varnedoe, Jr., University of Georgia
http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/service/library/b1032/index.html
Prince Edward IslandInstitute of island Studies,U. of PEI
http://www.upei.ca/islandstudies/rep_wm_1.htm
Some take home messages …
• Via silviculture, one can manipulate vegetation (cut & grow) to achieve different objectives – timber, wildlife, pest management, aesthetics, “late successional” characteristics, fuels reduction, etc.
• Don’t confuse the tools with the goals.
• Good management costs money! Usually more money than we can get from the private goods produced.
Beyond silviculture …
What else does a forester do?– Develop management plan that includes:
• Silvicultural objectives, systems & calculated outcomes• Harvest technology• Road systems• Soil erosion & compaction prevention and mitigation• Protected areas – wetlands, riparian, TES, cultural features• Maps
– Connection to markets & community & ecology– Communicate with landowners, public, agencies,
neighbors, loggers, mills– Keep abreast of regulations & best practices
So how is forestry in community forestry different?
• It might not be …– Same suite of tools can achieve different objectives
• Broader objectives – Reflecting a diverse community– Local participation & benefit– Triple bottom line: ecological , social, economic
• Learning and Monitoring– Adaptive management areas– Pilots, demos, experiments– Local knowledge & breaking science
Examples to come …