SeleniumWeb Test Automation Tool

Rohit Nayak

Talentica Software

Agenda

• Demo

• What is Selenium? Why? Pros/Cons

• Writing test cases using Selenium

• Architecture

• Best Practices

Demo

• Record a test in Selenium IDE

• Review test in Selenese HTML

Similar Tools

• Bad Boy

• Sahi

• Silk Test, QTP (paid)

• Grinder

• Others: Watir, OpenSTA

What is Selenium?

• Test tool for web applications• Actually runs in a browser• Supports tests in many languages• Selenese (pure HTML, no backend required)• Java, C#, Perl, Python, Ruby• Record/playback (Firefox plugin: Selenium IDE)• Open Source with corporate backing• Lives at selenium.org

Advantages

• Free!

• Can test across multiple browsers

• Mimics actual user experience

• Ajax / CSS support

• Use language of choice

• Large user community

• Great tools: CubicTest, Grid, HRMES

Common Problems in Web Testing

• Record/replay is not reusable, is fragile

• Managing test cases

• UI Changes make tests brittle

Problems

• Performance (~HTMLUnit, WebTest)

• Reporting (~WebTest)

• Fancy CSS/Ajax needs tricky coding

• Data dependency should be avoided

Best Practices

• All tests should be source control• One test per function not per page• Nightly runs• Separate environ specific variables • Automate fixed function, others manual• Abstract out functionality and reuse them• Parameterize your tests• Framework!!

Code for testability

• Demand this from Development• Visible feedback on actions (hidden values

in case div appears/disappears)• (dev-only) url for database teardown• Use of IDs for important UI elements• Good HTML• Good logs

Demo 2

• Show same test written in Java

• Show same test written in PHP

Java Example

public void testGoogleTestSearch() throws Exception

{selenium.open("http://www.google.com/webhp");assertEquals("Google", selenium.getTitle());selenium.type("q", "Selenium OpenQA");selenium.click("btnG");selenium.waitForPageToLoad("5000");assertEquals("Selenium OpenQA - Google Search",selenium.getTitle());

}

JUnit

public void setUp() throws Exception{

selenium = new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*chrome", "http://www.google.com");

selenium.start();

}public void tearDown() throws Exception{selenium.stop();

}

Some Selenese Commands

click waitForCondition isVisible

getTitle keyPress assertSelected

storeText mouseOver Input

goBack open dragdrop

fireEvent isElementPresent createCookie

isTextPresent type submit

Element locators

• ID: id=foo• Name: name=foo• First ID, then name: identifier=foo• DOM: document.forms[‘myform’].myDropdown• XPath: xpath=//table[@id='table1']//tr[4]/td[2]• Link Text: link=sometext• Sensible defaults, e.g. xpath if starts with //

Selenium Modules

• Selenium Core

• Selenium IDE

• Selenium Remote Control

• Client Drivers

• JS Extensions

How it works

Selenium Usage Patterns

Creating Tests• Recording using Selenium IDE• Writing tests in Selenese • Building a FrameworkRunning Tests• Through IDE• Using Selenium RC• Using Framework

Advanced

• Cubic Test

• HRMES

• Selenium Grid

• BrowserMob

• Tellurium