introduction to reprap 3-d printing · linux, openscad, reprapv3, os automated filter wheel pearce,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to RepRap 3-D Printing
Joshua M. PearceFulbright-Aalto University Distinguished Chair, Aalto University, Finland
Department of Materials Science & Engineering andDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineering,
Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
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Outline
• Background
• Design
• Use
• Troubleshoot
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Self-replicating rapid prototyper...RepRap
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The three most important aspects of such a self-copying rapid-prototyping machine are that:
1. The number of them in existence and the wealth they produce can grow exponentially,
2. The machine becomes subject to evolution by artificial selection, and
3. The machine creates wealth with a minimal need for industrial manufacturing.
Wealth without money
The background to the Bath Replicating Rapid
Prototyper Project
AdrianBowyer - 2 Feb 2004
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How do they work?
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Open-Source 3-D Printing:RepRap v1
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RepRap v2
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Linux, OpenSCAD, RepRapv3, OS automated filter wheel
Pearce, J. M. 2012. “Building Research Equipment with Free, Open-Source Hardware.” Science 337 (6100): 1303–1304.
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V3.1 MTU HS RepRap
<$600
1 Newby build:
24 hours
Tandem build:
5 hours
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Schelly, C., Anzalone, G., Wijnen, B., & Pearce, J. M. (2015). Open-source 3-D printing technologies for education: Bringing additive manufacturing to the classroom. Journal of Visual Languages & Computing, 28, 226-237.
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MOST DELTA
8hr build<$500
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Open Source 3-D Printing ClassEntire class is open source:
http://www.appropedia.org/MY4777
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MOST Delta Mods
github.com/mtu-most
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MOST Delta Convertible
Gerald Anzalone, Bas Wijnen, Joshua M. Pearce , (2015) "Multi-material additive and subtractive prosumer digital fabrication with a free and open-source convertible delta RepRap 3-D printer", Rapid Prototyping Journal,21(5), pp.506 - 519.
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Magnetic Hot Swap
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Syringe Pump Printing (linear actuator)
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Syringe Pump Library
Bas Wijnen, Emily J. Hunt, Gerald C. Anzalone, Joshua M. Pearce, 2014. Open-source Syringe Pump Library, PLoS ONE 9(9): e107216
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Caulkstruder Printing
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Caulkstruder uses Parametric Printable Planetary Gearbox
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+ marker = Plotting
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Cutting : tangent knife cutting a pattern in pressure sensitive
adhesive-backed vinyl.
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RepRap Milling
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Old MOST Delta
With Laser
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The World's First Metal Printing RepRap Made at MTU
Anzalone, et al. “Low-Cost Open-Source 3-D Metal Printing” IEEE Access, 1, pp.803-810, (2013).
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The actual first one...
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The first holder...
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Simpler than a FFF Delta
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Where we are now
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Open-Source Commercial + Distributed Manufacturing
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OS Really is Better
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Lulzbot TAZ
Mini Shoot Out Result
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Use of TAZ and TAZ mini
• See TAZ manual
• Choose/make models with a solid surface on the print bed (e.g. don’t print balls without support)
• Print with details up, 45 degree overhang or less unless bridged or supported
• 100 micron resolution, 0.5mm head
• Use TAZ profiles on https://www.lulzbot.com/taz-cura-profiles
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3-D Printer
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Software Tool Chain
• CAD (e.g. OpenSCAD) -- STL
• Slicer (e.g. Cura) -- Gcode
• Printer Controller (e.g. Printrun, Cura)
• Firmware (on printer)
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Use
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Make sure it is flat
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Scaling
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Viewing
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User Layer Tool
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Basic- Full
Brim or raft
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Infill
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Advanced
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Printing
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MaterialsPurge on Change!
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Changing Filament
Get to Print Temp First!
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Clear Clog
To clean your extruder follow these steps:
1. Slacken idler.
2. Push gently on filament while nozzle drops all the way down to room temperature.
3. Re-heat nozzle to Tg (60c for PLA, 105c for ABS)
4. When it overshoots, pull firmly but slowly.
5. If needed - Repeat going the opposite direction in T
6. Force filament through manually at extrusion T
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Problems & Solutions 1/6
Pillowing: increase cooling, increase top layer thickness
Elephant foot: slice change, put a small chamfer on the bottom of your print, print on raft
Irregular circles: Tighten the belts of the printer
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Problems & Solutions 2/6
Warping: Level bed, increase bed temp, use glue stick, move to PLA, box printer, print with brim, change brim settings, cut cooling
Stringing: Use retraction, increase travel speed, lower print temp
Ringing: reduce acceleration, print infill after perimeter, reduce T, rotate print 45 degrees
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Problems & Solutions 3/6
Ugly overhangs: thicker layer heights, cooling 100%, add more fans, slow down print, reduce T, orient object to minimize overhangs
Gaps at bottom: buid level, move head closer to surface, ensure no clogged nozel
Shifted: check belts and tighten, rod alignment, check bed, hardware issue
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Problems & Solutions 4/6
Leaning: friction on belts, check hardware
Under Extrusion: clogged nozzle, check T, bad filament, check tightness of thumb screws, move nozzle away from bed, caught filament, ground filament
Walls not touching: reduce print speed, slicer settings
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Problems & Solutions 5/6
Cave in: Lower bed temp, turn on fans, add fans
Filament grinding: tangled filament, clog nozzle
Random: bad design, fix your model, fix horrible
Scratch: enable z hop in expert, reduce T
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Problems & Solutions 6/6
No stick:bed level, bed temp, move closer to bed
Hairy:clean nozzle, change filament
Skipped: under extrusion, overheating, mech issue of feeding
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What can you do with it?…anything you want.
She madeher costume with her desktop3D printer and OS software
Bindi Smalls
Next up: How to Design for 3DP with OpenSCAD