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December 05, 2016

A detailed introduction to Lathe Machine

Mother of Machines!

Work Holding Devices Calculation of Area,

Volume and Power

Working Principle Lathe Machine Tools

Overview

Machining is commercially important for various reasons:

Variety of work material Variety of geometric

features Dimensional accuracy Good surface finishes

Machining is a manufacturing process in which sharp cutting tool is used to cut away material to leave desired part shape.

Working Principle of Machines

Using machining, we can create any geometric shape such as flat planes, round holes and cylinders.

Irregular geometries such as screw threads and T- slots can also be created.

Variety of Geometric Features

Machining can be applied to wide variety of work materials. Even plastics and composites can be cut using machining operations

Variety of Work Material

Working Principle of Machines

Machining is capable of giving very smooth surface finishes.

Roughness value less than 0.4 can be achieved using machining.

Good Surface Finishes

Machining produce dimensions to very close tolerances.

Some machining process can even achieve tolerances of 0.025mm.

Dimensional Accuracy

Working Principle of Machines

Lathes are used in woodturning, metalworking, metal spinning etc. Most suitably metalworking lathe can also be used to produce solid of revolution, plane surfaces and screw threads.

Major Uses

Known as mother of machines, Lathe performs various operations such as cutting, drilling, facing, turning etc. with tools that are applied to work piece to create an object having symmetry about axis of rotation

Introduction

Lathe Machine

Turning Tool Facing Tool Contouring Tool Chamfering Tool Parting Tool Threading Tool

Lathe Machine Tools

Single point cutting tool removes material from a rotating workpiece to thus decreasing the length

Facing Tool

Single point cutting tool removes material from a rotating workpiece to thus decreasing the diameter

Turning Tool

Lathe Machine Tools

Cutting edge cuts an angle on the corner of the cylinder, forming a "chamfer"

Chamfering Tool

Tool follows a contour that is other than straight, thus creating a contoured shape

Contour Tool

Lathe Machine Tools

Pointed form tool is fed parallel to axis of rotation at a large feed rate, thus creating threads

Threading Tool

Tool is fed radially into rotating work at some location to cut off end of part

Parting Tool

Lathe Machine Tools

Work holding refers to any device that is used to a secure a work piece against the forces of machining. The most basic work holding device is a simple clamp, but work holding can also involve complex fixtures that are custom-built for particular parts. 

Other work holding devices are: Chuck Collet Face plate

Work Holding Devices

Lathe Chuck: A chuck is a specialized type of clamp. It is used to hold

an object with radial symmetry, especially a cylinder. On a lathe the chuck is mounted on the spindle which

rotates within the headstock.

Work Holding Devices

Collet: A collet  is a subtype of chuck that forms

a collar around an object to be held and exerts a strong clamping force on the object when it is tightened, usually by means of a tapered outer collar. It may be used to hold a work piece or a tool.

Work Holding Devices

Face Plate: A lathe faceplate is a basic workholding accessory for

a wood or metal turning lathe. It is a circular metal (usually cast iron) plate which fixes to the end of the lathe spindle. The workpiece is then clamped to the faceplate, typically using t-nuts in slots in the faceplate.

Work Holding Device

Usman KhalilEngineer, Wikipedia Expert, Blogger, Translator!

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