introduction to mechatronics :
DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :. OPERATIONAL AMPLIFICATORS. Introduction to mechatronics. Contents. Introduction Theory A. Definition and presentation B. Linear Mode C. Non Linear Mode Real Operational Amplificators Uses Conclusion References. Definition and presentation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFICATORSAMPLIFICATORS
Introduction to mechatronicsIntroduction to mechatronics
INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICSMECHATRONICS::
![Page 2: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
ContentsContentsIntroductionIntroductionI.I. TheoryTheory
A. Definition and presentationA. Definition and presentationB. Linear ModeB. Linear ModeC. Non Linear Mode C. Non Linear Mode
II.II. Real Operational AmplificatorsReal Operational AmplificatorsIII.III. Uses Uses ConclusionConclusionReferencesReferences
![Page 3: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Definition and presentationDefinition and presentationTh
eory
Theo
ryOperational Amplifier (Op Amp)Operational Amplifier (Op Amp)
DefinitionDefinition: a high gain electronic : a high gain electronic amplifying circuit element in a amplifying circuit element in a feedback amplifier, that feedback amplifier, that accomplishes many functions or accomplishes many functions or mathematical “operations” inmathematical “operations” inanalog circuits.analog circuits.
![Page 4: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Definition and presentationDefinition and presentationTh
eory
Theo
ryOp Amp components:Op Amp components:
transistorstransistors resistorsresistors diodesdiodes capacitorscapacitors
![Page 5: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Definition and presentationDefinition and presentationTh
eory
Theo
ry
Op Amp Circuit ModelOp Amp Circuit Model
![Page 6: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Op Amp Circuit Chip
![Page 7: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Definition and presentationDefinition and presentationTh
eory
Theo
ry Behavior assumptions for Op Amp Behavior assumptions for Op Amp
circuit analysis :circuit analysis : Amplifier operates in its linear Amplifier operates in its linear
amplifying regionamplifying region
Large voltage gain (A) Large voltage gain (A)
VVAVout
![Page 8: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Difference between input voltages Difference between input voltages to Op Amp is very small because to Op Amp is very small because voltage gain (A) is very largevoltage gain (A) is very large
Input impedance (RInput impedance (Rii) is large ) is large 0
iRVV
ii
VVA
VVV out
![Page 9: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Transfer Characteristic:Transfer Characteristic:ModesModes + saturation ( )+ saturation ( )
- saturation ( )- saturation ( )
linear ( )linear ( )
ccout VV
ccout VV
VVAVout
![Page 10: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Op Amp transfer characteristic relation
![Page 11: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
ei
e0
i2
i1
AnalysisAnalysis• We assume that the Op-Amp
gain is very high, effectively infinity.
• It is assumed that the amplifier operates in its linear amplifying region.
( for e.g. -10V < eo < 10V )
Inverting Op AmpInverting Op Amp
![Page 12: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
ei
e0
i2
i1
AnalysisAnalysis• The difference between input
voltages to the op amp is very small, essentially 0.
• The input impedance to the op-amp is extremely large.
e+
e'
Inverting OpInverting Op Amp Amp
0' 0
Ke
ee
![Page 13: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
AnalysisAnalysis• For e.g. if |eo | < 10V
and K = 105 then |e+ - e’| =10/105 = 100 V
• For the inverting amplifier,e+ is grounded.Hence e+ 0 and e’ 0
ei
i2
i1
e+
e'e0
Inverting OpInverting Op Amp Amp
![Page 14: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• The equation for this circuit can be obtained as follows:
ei
i2
i1e+
e' e0
Inverting OpInverting Op Amp Amp
2
02
1
i1 R
ee'i,
Re'e
i
21ii
2
0
1
i
Ree'
Re'e
![Page 15: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Since K (0 - e’) = e0 and K >>>1,
then e’ 0 since
ei
i2
i1e+
e' e0
Inverting OpInverting Op Amp Amp
Ke
e' 0
![Page 16: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• Hence we have
or
ei
i2
i1e+
e' e0
Notice that the sign of
the output voltage, e0
is the negative of that
of the input voltage, ei.
Inverting OpInverting Op Amp Amp
2
0
1
i
Re
Re
i1
20
.eRR
e
![Page 17: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• For the non-inverting amplifier the input is connected to the non-inverting input.
• The same assumptions have been made as in the case of the Inverting Op Amp
(GROUND)
ei e0
Non - Inverting OpNon - Inverting Op Amp Amp
![Page 18: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
For this circuit we have ,
where K is the differential gain of the amplifier.
(GROUND)
ei e0
Non - Inverting OpNon - Inverting Op Amp Amp
021
1i0
.eRRR
eKe
![Page 19: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• This leads to
A particular form of this amplifier is when the feedback loop is a short circuit, I.e. R2 = 0. Then the
voltage gain is 1, such an amplifier is called a Voltage Follower.
(GROUND)
ei e0
Non - Inverting OpNon - Inverting Op Amp Amp
i1
20
.eRR
1e
![Page 20: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• An inverting amplifier can accept two or more inputs and produce a weighted sum
At X, I = IA + IB + IC
and we can see that:
SummingSumming Amplifier Amplifier
C
CC
B
BB
A
AA R
VIand,R
VI,R
VI
![Page 21: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• By utilizing the usual assumptions, we obtain:
SummingSumming Amplifier Amplifier
CC
2B
B
2A
A
2out
.VRR
.VRR
.VRR
V
![Page 22: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• A differential amplifier is one that amplifies the difference between two voltages
DifferenDifferencing Amplifiercing Amplifier
21
2
2
X
RRR
VV
![Page 23: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• The current through the feedback resistance must be equal to that from V1 through R1
DifferenDifferencing Amplifiercing Amplifier
![Page 24: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• Hence
• which can be rearranged to give,
DifferenDifferencing Amplifiercing Amplifier
2
outX
1
X1
R
VV
R
VV
121
2out
VVR
RV
![Page 25: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
• Potential Difference across capacitor = VX - Vout
q = CV
Integrating AmplifierIntegrating Amplifier
2
1
t
t
Vout
x
Vin
dt
dVC.i
dt
dq
dt
dVC.i out
![Page 26: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
2
1
t
tRearranging this gives
Integrating both sides gives
Vout
x
Vin
Integrating AmplifierIntegrating Amplifier
.dtVRC
1dV
inout
2
1
t
tin1out2out.dtV
RC
1tVtV
![Page 27: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ry
input
outputVs1
Vs2
General use of op amp:General use of op amp:
![Page 28: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryThe op amp is only used in saturationThe op amp is only used in saturationmode:mode:
input
outputVs1
Vs2
![Page 29: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryHow to find the output:How to find the output:
+
-
U1
U2
U3
Vs1
Vs2
If U1 > U2,U3 = Vs1
If U2 > U1,U3 = Vs2
In each case, i3 is unknown and i1 and i2 are null.
![Page 30: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryGate operator: ORGate operator: OR
1V
+
-
U1
U2 U3
5V
0V
If U1 or/and U2 = 5V,
U3 = 5V
If U2 and U1 = 0V,
U3 = 0V
![Page 31: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryOther gate: NON OROther gate: NON OR
+
-U3
5V
0V
1V
U1
U2
If U1 or/and U2 = 5V,
U3 = 0V
If U2 and U1 = 0V,
U3 = 5V
![Page 32: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryTwo offsets comparator:Two offsets comparator:
If
U3 = 0V
If
U3 = 5V
+
-
U1
U2U3
5V
0V
R1
R2
1
21
22
.URR
RU
21
2112
RR
.RU5.RU
![Page 33: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryTwo offsets comparator (cont):Two offsets comparator (cont):
input
outputVs1
Vs2
Uup
Udown
If U2 ≤ Udown ,
U3 = 0V
If U2 ≥ Uup,
U3 = 5V
![Page 34: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ry U3 will alternativelly be equal to 5V for T second and to -5V for T seconds.
In this case
The square wave supplier or clock:The square wave supplier or clock:
+
-U3
5V
-5V
R1
R1
C
R2
0V
2C.R
1T
![Page 35: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode Th
eory
Theo
ryThe square wave supplier or clock (cont):The square wave supplier or clock (cont):
T
output
time
T
2C.R
1T
![Page 36: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
InternInternalal electrical schema electrical schemaR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rsDifferentialPart
Gain Part
Push/PullOutput
![Page 37: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Input CharacteristicsInput CharacteristicsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs Input Impedance: 1M to more than 20 MInput Impedance: 1M to more than 20 M
and notand not infinite infinite
Input Offset (most important default):Input Offset (most important default):when V+ or V- are low or G is highwhen V+ or V- are low or G is high
some 10 some 10 VV
because T1 and T2 are notbecause T1 and T2 are notexactly the sameexactly the same
![Page 38: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Input CharacteristicsInput CharacteristicsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs PPolarization olarization currents:currents:
to polarize T1 and T2to polarize T1 and T2
Offset currentsOffset currents1/201/20thth to 1/5 to 1/5thth of I+ and I- of I+ and I-due to resistors and polarization currentsdue to resistors and polarization currents
Limited Input VoltageLimited Input Voltage
![Page 39: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Transfer CharacteristicsTransfer CharacteristicsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs The output is proportional to the The output is proportional to the
input:input:
It is limited by VIt is limited by Vsat+sat+ and V and Vsat-sat-
![Page 40: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
OutOutput Characteristicsput CharacteristicsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs Output Impedance not null:Output Impedance not null:
around 100 around 100
Slew rateSlew rate 0,5V/µs0,5V/µs up to up to 150V/µs150V/µscapacitor needs to be chargedcapacitor needs to be charged
![Page 41: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
OutOutput Characteristicsput CharacteristicsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs Vs limited by VVs limited by Vsat+ sat+ and Vand Vsat-sat-
Output currents limited (some mA) Output currents limited (some mA) to protect op-ampsto protect op-amps
high impedances needed high impedances needed
High Power userHigh Power user 250mW250mW to several Watts to several Watts
![Page 42: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
SummarySummaryR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs
StaticEquivalentschema
DynamicEquivalentschema
![Page 43: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
SummarySummaryR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs
Characteristics Ideal Real
Input Impedance Ze 1M up to 20 M
Output Impedance Zs 0 Some10th
Gain 20.104 up to 20.1012
Offset 0V 25 µV up to 15 mV
![Page 44: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
SummarySummaryR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs
Characteristics Ideal Real
Polarization Current 0 mA 20 pA up to 500 pA
Offset Current 0 mA 10 pA up to 200 mA
Slow rate V/µS 0,5 V/µS up to 100
V/µS
![Page 45: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
SolutionsSolutionsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs Be careful because VBe careful because Vsat+ sat+ and Vand Vsat-sat- are are
different different trigger… trigger…
Be careful with high frequency Be careful with high frequency integratorsintegrators Input Impedance may be too low Input Impedance may be too low
Offset can be Offset can be compensatedcompensated(already exists (already exists or special or special schema)schema)
![Page 46: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
SolutionsSolutionsR
eal O
pera
tiona
lR
eal O
pera
tiona
lA
mpl
ifica
tors
Am
plifi
cato
rs Need to have sameNeed to have same
polarization currentspolarization currents
Need to use lowNeed to use lowresistors at inputresistors at inputto limit offset currentto limit offset current
Do not overpass VDo not overpass Vinin maxi maxi
Chose fast op-amps (10V/µs) for Chose fast op-amps (10V/µs) for high frequency requirements or use high frequency requirements or use a differencing comparatora differencing comparator
![Page 47: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Practical ApplicationsPractical ApplicationsU
ses
Use
s Applications:Applications: Perform math operationsPerform math operations inexpensive and lead to easy inexpensive and lead to easy
designs that are easy to constructdesigns that are easy to construct Power Source Power Source PID ControlPID Control FilterFilter
![Page 48: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
Characteristics / NumbersCharacteristics / Numbers U
ses
Use
s Op Amp Examples:Op Amp Examples:
Type Price($)
OutputCurrent(mA)
MinsupplyV (volt)
VoltageNoise(nV/Hz)
CLC452
1.24 130 5 2.80
LF 147 4.50 30 5 20
CLC400
17.80 70 10 2.60
![Page 49: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION IntroductionIntroduction Theory of Op Amp’sTheory of Op Amp’s
Definition and AnalysisDefinition and Analysis Linear ModeLinear Mode Non Linear ModeNon Linear Mode
Real Operational AmplifiersReal Operational Amplifiers UsesUses In practice, do not hesitate to make the In practice, do not hesitate to make the
assemblies more abracadabrantsassemblies more abracadabrants Have Fun Have Fun
![Page 50: INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS :](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061610/5681364c550346895d9dce00/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
ME 6405 ME 6405 Introduction to MechatronicsIntroduction to Mechatronics
REFERENCESREFERENCES Cogdell, J.R. Cogdell, J.R. Foundations of Electrical Foundations of Electrical
EngineeringEngineering. Pg 489-506, 1996. Pg 489-506, 1996Thomas, Ronald E. Thomas, Ronald E. The Analysis and Design The Analysis and Design
of Linear Circuitsof Linear Circuits. pg 186-221, 1998. pg 186-221, 1998Walter G. Jung, Walter G. Jung, IC Op-Amp Cook BookIC Op-Amp Cook BookMichel GirardMichel Girard, , Amplificateurs opérationnels 1Amplificateurs opérationnels 1 & 2 & 2
www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/gadgets/T41.htmwww.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/gadgets/T41.htmwww.national.com/appinfo/amps/ www.national.com/appinfo/amps/ http://c3iwww.epfl.ch/teaching/physiciens/lecon07/http://c3iwww.epfl.ch/teaching/physiciens/lecon07/
lecoleconn7.html7.htmlhttp://courelectr.free.fr/AOP/AOP.HTMhttp://courelectr.free.fr/AOP/AOP.HTM