introduction to ions. note : up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Ions
![Page 2: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Note: Up to this point, we have only discussed
neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions).
The number of protons will NEVER change! If we change the number of protons we change the identity of the element.Ex: #protons = 6 Carbon
# protons = 7 Nitrogen# protons = 8 Oxygen
![Page 3: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Periodic Table•To begin, you need to learn a couple of
terms associated with the periodic table:▫Group – column of the periodic table▫Period – row of the periodic table
•Names of Groups:▫Group 1A: Alkali metals▫Group 2A: Alkaline earth metals▫Group 7A: Halogens▫Group 8A: Noble Gases – inert (do not form
ions)
![Page 4: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ions• REMEMBER: the neutral
atoms always have equal numbers of protons and electrons because the charges cancel
Proton (+) + Electron (-)= 0
For an atom to be charged, it must have different numbers of protons and electrons because the charges would no longer cancel.
• There are two types of ions:▫ Cations – positively
charged; has fewer electrons than protons
▫ Anions – negatively charged; has more electrons than protons.
![Page 6: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ions• We can determine the
charge of the atom based on its location on the periodic table.
• We look at the group number (column) and whether or not the atom is a metal or nonmetal.
• Metals form cations (lose electrons) and nonmetals form anions (gain electrons).
Charges
• Groups 1A – 3A: the group number = the charge on the cation Example: Na is in group 1A so it has a charge of +1.
• Groups 5A – 7A: • -(8 – the group number) =
the charge of the anionExample: Chlorine is in group 7A so, -(8 – 7) = -1, thus it has a -1 charge.
![Page 7: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Summary• Only the number of
electrons changes.• If the atom gains electrons
it has a negative charge and is called an anion.
• If the atom loses electrons it has a positive charge and is called a cation.
• Metals form cations.• Nonmetals form anions.
• Group 1A = +1• Group 2A = +2• Group 3A = +3• Group 5A = -3• Group 6A = -2• Group 7A = -1• Group 8A = inert
![Page 8: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Now lets practice!
![Page 9: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is the charge of a bromine ion?
+1
-1
+2
-2
![Page 10: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CORRECT!
Next Question
![Page 11: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Incorrect
Try Again
![Page 12: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Does lithium form a cation or an anion?
cation
anion
![Page 13: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CORRECT!
Next Question
![Page 14: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Incorrect
Try Again
![Page 15: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What is the charge of a magnesium ion?
+1
+2
+3
-2
![Page 16: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CORRECT!
Next Question
![Page 17: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Incorrect
Try Again
![Page 18: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Ions can have equal numbers of protons and electrons.
True
False
![Page 19: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Incorrect
Try Again
![Page 20: Introduction to Ions. Note : Up to this point, we have only discussed neutral atoms but you will now begin to learn about charged atoms (ions). The number](https://reader037.vdocuments.site/reader037/viewer/2022102907/56649d935503460f94a7ab1a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
CORRECT!