introduction to cube base - california state university...
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Cube:
Cube Base, Scenario Analysis,
Editing, Mapping, and Scripting
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• General
• Technical
Objectives for Participants
2
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• Lesson 1:
• Lesson 2:
• Lesson 3:
• Lesson 4:
• Lesson 5:
• Lesson 6:
• Lesson 7:
• Lesson 8:
• Lesson 9:
• Lesson 10:
Agenda/Training Contents
3
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• Systems planning
• Corridor and sub-area studies
• Strategic planning
Typical Uses of Transportation Planning Models
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• Inputs:
• Processes:
• Outputs:
Typical Transportation Planning Model Elements
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Lesson 2:
Four-Step Modeling Process
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•
•
•
•
•
•
The Four-Step Modeling Process
Trip Generation
Trip Distribution
Mode Choice
Network Assignment
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Typical Four-Step Travel Demand Model
Highway Network Socioeconomic Data Transit Network
Highway Path Building
and Toll Estimation
1 – Trip Generation Transit Path Building
and Fare Estimation
2 – Trip Distribution
3 – Mode Split
4 – Highway
Assignment
Transit Assignment
Potential Feedback to Convergence
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• Data structure:
• Boundaries:
• Attributes:
Zonal Data
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Network data•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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• Data structure:
• Centroids:
• Functional classification or facility
types:
• Other attributes:
• Distances:
Highway Networks
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• Only required if performing intersection-constrained highway traffic assignment
• Calculate capacity for each turn at nodes
• Intersection types and models:
• Turning movements (flows and delays)
Intersection Data
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• Defined in relation to underlying transportation infrastructure network
• Public Transport lines:
• Non-transit legs:
• System: modes, operators, fares, users
Public Transport (PT) Data
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• Network Window
• GIS Window
Visualization Environments
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• Answers the question:
• Productions and attractions are a function of
socio-economic attributes of zone,
• Categories of trips:
• Typical model forms:
Step 1: Trip Generation
150 HH
500 EMP…
1300 “trips”
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Trip ChainingCross-Classification
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•
Concepts underlying trip “purpose”
I-I
E-I
E-E
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• Home-Based Work:
• Home-Based Non-Work:
• Non-Home Based:
• External Trips:
Typical Trip Purposes
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• FILEI ZDATI[x] Zonal variables are referenced in script as Zi.x.variable
• FILEI LOOKUPI[x] Lookup tables contain production and attraction rates
• FILEO PAO[x] Output file contains productions and attractions to be used in the distribution phase
• PARAMETERS zones=num ; defines the number of zones
• ILOOP Phase COMP P[num]=… ; num refers to a particular user class
COMP A[num]=…
• ADJUST Phase COMP P[num][zone]= ; zone=0 produces the total of the array
BALANCE ..
Trip Generation - Scripts
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; ----- E-I trip data file
FILEI ZDATI[2] = "C:\TrainingModel\Model\EITRIPS.DBF"
; ----- land use data file
FILEI ZDATI[1] = "{Zones}"
; DBF: Z=zone field name
; TXT: Z=zone field location, var=field location, var=field location ....
ZONES = 25
IF (I<=16)
; ----- calculate productions by purpose
P[1] = 0.74*zi.1.hh1+1.67*zi.1.hh2+2.01*zi.1.hh3+2.58*zi.1.hh4
P[2] = 2.00*zi.1.hh1+4.10*zi.1.hh2+5.94*zi.1.hh3+7.89*zi.1.hh4
P[3] = 0.96*zi.1.hh1+1.82*zi.1.hh2+2.65*zi.1.hh3+3.13*zi.1.hh4
; ----- calculate attractions by purpose
A[1] = 1.45*zi.1.total_emp
A[2] = CmpNumRetNum(zi.1.areatype,'=',1,2.0,9.0)*zi.1.retail+1.7*zi.1.service+0.5*zi.1.other+0.9*zi.1.households
A[3] = CmpNumRetNum(zi.1.areatype,'=',1,1.4,4.1)*zi.1.retail+1.2*zi.1.service+0.5*zi.1.other+0.5*zi.1.households
ELSE
P[4] = zi.2.eitrips
ENDIF
; ----- adjust zonal attractions so total attractions match total productions
PHASE=ADJUST
BALANCE, A2P=1,2, NHB=3
A[4]=(P[4][0]*(A[1]+A[2]+A[3])/(A[1][0]+A[2][0]+A[3][0]))
; ----- output zonal productions and attractions
FILEO PAO[1] = "{SCENARIO_DIR}\TRIPENDS.DBF",
DBF=T, FORM=6.0, LIST=Z, P[1] P[2] P[3] P[4] A[1] A[2] A[3] A[4]
Example: 4-purpose Trip Generation
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Origin
D1
D2D3
D4
• Answers the question
• Function of activity concentrations and zone-to-
zone travel costs
• Process calibrated to match observed trip length
distribution (e.g. from surveys)
• Typical forms:
Step 2: Trip Distribution
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Trip Distribution
Zone Production Attraction
1 100 250
2 200 300
3 300 50
Total 600 600
I. Trip Generation
Estimates
II. Trip Distribution (Zones)
Zone 3
50 Attraction
Zone 1
100 Production
250 Attraction
20 Trips
5 Minutes
30 Trips
15 Minutes
50 Trips remain as
Intrazonal Trips
Zone 2
300 Attraction
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Gravity Model
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NJRTM - 96 VALIDATION
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION FOR HBW
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
TRAVEL TIME
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y (
%)
OBSERVED ESTIMATED
OBS. AVG. EST. AVG.
(min.) (min.)
22.3 23.1
Final model should
replicate trips by time
interval. This proves the
model allocates trips
properly
Trip Distribution Frequency
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Desire Lines: Direction and Magnitude of Travel
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▪ GRAVITY Command:
▪ SETPA:
Trip Distribution - Scripts
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LOOKUP, FILE = "C:\TrainingModel\MODEL\FFACTORS.DBF",
INTERPOLATE=Y, NAME=FF,
LOOKUP[1]=1,RESULT=2,
LOOKUP[2]=1,RESULT=3,
LOOKUP[3]=1,RESULT=4,
LOOKUP[4]=1,RESULT=5
; ----- setup the working p's and a's
SETPA P[1]=P1 A[1]=A1
SETPA P[2]=P2 A[2]=A2
SETPA P[3]=P3 A[3]=A3
SETPA P[4]=P4 A[4]=A4
; ----- get the los matrix into work matrix 10
MW[10] = MI.1.1
; ----- do 3 gravity models
GRAVITY PURPOSE=1, LOS=MW[10], FFACTORS=FF
GRAVITY PURPOSE=2, LOS=MW[10], FFACTORS=FF
GRAVITY PURPOSE=3, LOS=MW[10], FFACTORS=FF
GRAVITY PURPOSE=4, LOS=MW[10], FFACTORS=FF
Example: 4-purpose Gravity Model
Source: NCHRP 365
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• Answers the question,
• Possible modes:
• The probability of selecting a given mode is a function of the relationship between the “cost” of competing modes
• Typical forms:
Step 3: Mode Split (aka Mode Choice)
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Nested Logit Model
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Nested Logit Model – Logsum Function
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Typical Nested Logit Structure
Total Person Trips
Auto Mode Share Transit Mode Share
Drive-Alone
Mode
Shared-Alone
ModeAuto AccessWalk Access
HOV-3 ModeHOV-2 Mode HOV-4+ Mode
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Mode Split – Choice Modeling in Cube
XCHOICE Command
)
Choice Models that can be developed in Cube include:
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Example: Absolute logit model for 3 modes
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• Answers the question,
• Trip Generation, Distribution, and Mode Split create in production-attraction format
• To translate from P/A into origin-destination format
• Time-of-day factors are simultaneously applied,
Time-of-Day Factoring (Intermediate Step)
Time Segment 1
D1 Di Dz
O1 T1,1 T1,i T1,z
Oi Ti,1 Ti,i Ti,z
Oz Tz,1 Tz,i Tz,z
Time Segment S
D1 Di Dz
O1 T1,1 T1,i T1,z
Oi Ti,1 Ti,i Ti,z
Oz Tz,1 Tz,i Tz,z
Time Segment N
D1 Di Dz
O1 T1,1 T1,i T1,z
Oi Ti,1 Ti,i Ti,z
Oz Tz,1 Tz,i Tz,z
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Figure -- Time-of-Day of Travel
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%
6.00%00:0
0-0
0:2
9
01:3
0-0
1:5
9
03:0
0-0
3:2
9
04:3
0-0
4:5
9
06:0
0-0
6:2
9
07:3
0-0
7:5
9
09:0
0-0
9:2
9
10:3
0-1
0:5
9
12:0
0-1
2:2
9
13:3
0-1
3:5
9
15:0
0-1
5:2
9
16:3
0-1
6:5
9
18:0
0-1
8:2
9
19:3
0-1
9:5
9
21:0
0-2
1:2
9
22:3
0-2
2:5
9
Percent of Total Trips
Sta
rtin
g T
ime o
f T
rip
s
HBW HBNW NHB TOTAL
Time of Day Trip Allocation
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Time of Day Trip Distribution - Example
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Example: Time of Day and Vehicle Trip Factoring
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• Answers the question
• Function of interaction between travel demand
and transportation supply including congestion
• Equilibrium:
• Typical forms:
Step 4: Highway and Transit Assignment
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Highway Module Structure
• Phases – multiple iterative loops
• Methods – convex combinations
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Highway Module Commands and Keywords
• PARAMETERS:
• LINKREAD functions:
• ILOOP functions:
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Example: Single Matrix Equilibrium
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• Select Link Map
Highway Select Link Analysis
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Highway Select Link
Analysis
Highway Turning Movement
Estimation
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44
Lesson 3:
Overview of Citilabs & Cube
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CITILABS – THE COMPANY
• Develops software for the modeling of transportation systems
• Offices
• Used in 2,500 cities on 6 continents in more than 80 countries
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CITILABS – THE COMPANY (cont’d)
• Longstanding ESRI business partner
• Owners:
• Professional services/consulting
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CUBE: PROFESSIONAL TRANSPORTATION
MODELING SUITESystem Interface
• Cube Base –
Demand Modeling
• Cube Voyager:
• Cube Land :
• Cube Cargo:
Simulation
• Cube Avenue:
• Cube Dynasim:
Specialized
• Cube Cluster:
• Cube Analyst & Analyst Drive:
Cube Cloud• Application and sharing framework for transportation
planning
Cube Base
Cube Cloud Services
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• Sugar Network Editor –
• Accession –
• Beta versions –
• Turnkey Models and Tools –
• GIS Web Apps –
Other Citilabs Products
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The Flow-Chart: Easy Model Development
• Famous for its flow-charting
environment for designing and
building transportation models.
• Modules are accessed through
pull-down menus
• Dropped into a flow chart
• Data inputs and outputs linked
by drag-and-drop.
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Built for Scenario Testing
• Easy to use environment:
• Menus prompt user for inputs
and parameters to test
• Integrated report and charting
generators to assist in analysis
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FlexibilityThe only system equipped with its own comprehensive scripting language for
transportation modeling
• Create customized models without difficult programming languages
• Access many scripts through simple menu clicks
• Move custom scripts and add as point and click functions within Cube
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Transportation GIS Built on ESRI
• Only modeling system that comes with a
complete transportation GIS built on
ESRI’s market leading GIS technology.
• Store all data directly in ESRI’s
geodatabase format.
• No need to convert data back and forth
between the GIS Department and the
modeling team.
• ArcGIS Extension for network editing
(Sugar)
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Data Manager• Toolbar buttons
Add Data
Create Geodatabase
Build Network From Shape
Import/Export Data
• Workspace
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Cube GIS Window Node/Point Chart Graphics
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New Features in Cube 6
• Cube User Interface
Components
• Cube – GIS
• New Text Editor
• Cube PT – New Features
• New Functions and Commands as well
Welcome Screen
Displayed by default after launch
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Cube File Options
Tools available to use
now include:
•
•
•
•
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Cube File Options (Cont’d)
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New Ribbon Interface
• Ribbon is designed to help quickly find commands that users
need
• Commands organized in logical groups, collected together under
tabs. Each tab is related to a type of activity such as:
• Some tabs are shown only when needed
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Ribbon Customization
• Right–
• You may drag commands
onto and off ribbon, the
Quick Access toolbar, etc
…
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Docking Windows
• The ‘side’ windows from Scenario
Manager (scenario, data,
application, keys..) are now fully:
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Tabbed Window Interface
• Easy to select a needed window
• Tabs may also be dragged left
and right to reorder
• Tabbed interface can be enabled
in Options
• Can add special commands to
Quick Access Toolbar
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Application Manager
• New graphics with rounded corners, and color schemes.
• Application stays organized when changing resolution
Click for process templates
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Quick Access Bar Customization
• Click dropdown arrow to right of toolbar. Select
to launch same customization interface used with Ribbon
• Alternately, right-click the Quick Access Toolbar
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Tab Mode Toggle
1. Click ‘More Buttons’
2. Choose ‘Tab Mode Toggle’
3. Click ‘Tab Mode Toggle’
4. Choose a tab option
1
2
3
4
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Network Window Toolbar
• Toolbar can float over interface
• Easy to customize
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Cube - Bookmark this view
• Allows user to save network views
• And restore saved views…
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Cube – Build Shortest Path
• User can specify additional
criteria to find shortest path…
and
• Either display or save the paths
to a text or database file…
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Cube Data Manager
• Data Manager allows between and within
geo-databases
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Cube – GIS
• GIS Editor now allows post links and post nodes options
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Cube – GIS (cont’d)
• GIS Windows are now fully dockable, collapsible with
auto-hide functionality
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Cube – GIS (cont’d)
• Multi-bandwidth now
available
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New Text Editor
• Smart ‘autocomplete’ for commands and keys with new ‘code assistant’
• Column mode editing
• Search and replace with bookmark support
• Line numbers
• Use of markers by clicking to the right of line number
• Collapsible comment ‘groups’
• Zooming functionality
• Incorporation of ‘tab’
• Color themes
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Updates to Public Transport (PT) Module
• PT Matrix Estimation is now supported with full features.
• PT Period-Based Keywords. Headway[p] used to be the only
variable indexed by the HDWAYPERIOD parameter…now you
can also index:
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Updates to PT Module (Cont’d)
• PT Fares during path-building (in Enumeration phase)
• PT Drive Access generation enhancements…tons of new options…
• Some highlights:
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New PT Keywords
• Enhanced Transit Route Enumeration
• Enhanced Drive-Access Generation
• Enhanced Fares along with BestPathOnly
• Enhanced Transit Line Keywords
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Enhanced PT Drive-Access Generation
• Enhanced Drive-Access Generation
• Drive-Access Generation in 5.x
• Drive-Access Generation Examples in 5.x
• Drive-Access Generation in 6.x
• Enhanced Drive-Access Generation Example
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Examples of PT Drive-Access Coding• Aerial photograph for parking lot & transit stops
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Examples of PT Drive-Access Coding
• Schematic diagram
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PT Drive-Access Generation in 6.x• Cube Voyager 6.0 has built upon features of existing Generate
command to now consider:
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PT Drive-Access Generation in 6.x (cont’d)
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Enhanced PT Fare Process in 6.x
• User may specify a simple fare structure while enumerating routes
to enhance path building process.
• Cube Voyager 6.0 includes additional fare keywords along with
BestPathOnly:
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Enhanced PT Transit Line Keywords in 6.x
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CUBE 6.1
•
•
•
•
•
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• Cube is now compatible with ESRI ArcGIS 10.1/SP 1 and uses
this as the default ArcGIS Engine
• Cube is also now compatible with Windows 8 & Server 2012
• 64-bit version of Cube is in Beta testing
COMPATIBILITY UPDATES
PRODUCT COMPATIBILITY
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•
•
•
•
•
•
USABILITY UPDATES
USABILITY UPDATES
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• Cube Base, Cube Voyager and Cube Avenue now support 1,000 volume sets!
• Bi-Conjugate Frank-Wolfe Assignment has a new SMOOTH
parameter to reduce oscillation patterns at the tail of the curve.
• Update: currently in internal beta:
IMPROVEMENTS TO HIGHWAY MODELING
MODELING IMPROVEMENTS
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Cube 6 - The only system offering Cloud Computing
•
•
•
•
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• At Cube Cloud
store:
• Now available:
CUBE CLOUD: BIG DATA
CUBE CLOUD
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CUBE CLOUD STORE: APPS
Free apps provide access to commonly used analytic tools.
Comes standard with Cube Cloud!
Paid apps allow users to “sell” their models on the Cloud…
CUBE CLOUD
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CUBE CLOUD STORE: RESOURCES
CUBE CLOUD
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TRAVEL MODEL
TRAVEL MODEL
Amazon’s EC2 Cloud Computing
Environment
•
•
•
P
u
b
l
i
s
h
Model
Developed
with Cube
Model
Run with
Cube
Cloud
Cube 6: Moving Your Model to Cube Cloud
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Run Scenarios with a Simple Web-Interface
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Make it Easy to Map Results
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Make it Easy to Get Charts and Tables
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Cube Cluster
• Distributed processing to increase operational
speed
• Cube Cluster for your model can be managed in
two ways:
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175.2
139.1
53.7
25
12.710
7.3
0
8
16
24
32
40
48
56
64
72
80
88
96
104
112
120
128
136
144
152
160
168
176
184
192
200
8 16 32 64 128 256 512
Ho
urs
Number of Cores
Nashville (Minimum # of Cores =8 )
Run Times (Hours)
99% reduction
vs. single core
Cube Cluster
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MiniQuiz 1
• The following programs are used to build a passenger
travel demand model in Cube
• The following programs are used to built a meso-scopic
simulation in Cube