introduction to bim
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to BIM. BIM Curriculum 01. Topics. History / Overview From 2D to BIM The BIM Concept Future Trends. Evolution of AEC CAD. 2D solutions Electronic drafting board 3D solutions Modeling for purely visualization purposes BIM solutions - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Introduction to BIM
BIM Curriculum 01
Topics
History / Overview From 2D to BIM The BIM Concept Future Trends
Evolution of AEC CAD
2D solutionsElectronic drafting board
3D solutionsModeling for purely visualization purposes
BIM solutionsModels with integrated architectural information
Construction Coordination (5D)Timing/scheduling and Cost estimation
AEC CAD Timeline1960 1970 1980 1990
4D-5D CAD
Experimental CAD in research
Commercial 3D CAD
Commercial CAD on personal computers
BIM
Commercial CAD on mainframes and workstations
1980
Hand Drafting
2D CAD
3D CAD
BIM
4-5D CAD
1990 2000
CA
D u
sag
e
%
100%
50%
0%
Working Concept - 2D CAD Draft everything in 2D No 3D model is created Design changes maintained
manually on every drawing Typically, each drawing is
saved in its own file
Evaluation - 2D CAD
BenefitsCompared to hand drafting
• Faster modifications• Accuracy• Smart drafting tools (fills, dimensions)• Repetitive elements (blocks, xrefs)
Compared to other CAD methods• Easy to understand concept (electronic drafting) • Relatively small files due to reduced data• Quick (but less intelligent) solution for all building types
Drawbacks• Changes on one drawing don’t influence other drawings • Drawing coordination is essential• No more content compared with hand drawing• Collisions and other design problems are difficult to identify
Working Concept – 3D CAD The application has both 2D and
3D capabilities Buildings can be modeled in 3D if
necessary 3D and 2D information can be
included in a single file Drawings can be partially derived
from the model No automatic documentation Application mostly works with 2D
and 3D drawing tools instead of real architectural elements
Additional content can be created including visualization and basic quantity take-offs
Drawings
3D Model
Manual or automatic update
Project File
Evaluation– 3D CADBenefits
Compared to 2D CAD• Easier checking of planning errors• Managing changes is easier• Visualization and calculation
Compared to BIM• Users may work purely in 2D if they
wish• Smaller file size• Easier to model complex geometries
Drawbacks (compared to BIM)• Concept doesn’t follow the architectural
design process• Documentation is not fully automatic• No architectural content like in BIM
applications
Drawings
3D Model
Manual or automatic update
Project File
The BIM Concept
Drawings, building views, visualizations, calculations and quantity take-offs are automatically derived from the 3D model.
BIM= Building Information Modeling
Also known as „Virtual Building” or „Building Simulation”
Working Concept – BIM Single file concept: The complete
building model and all of its representations are included in the BIM file
Real architectural elements used for modeling
Changes of the model affect all related drawings (and vice versa)
Automatic generation and updating of documentation
Architectural content (libraries) Building information data attached
to the elements Additional materials (rendering,
animation, quantity take-offs, schedules)
Evaluation– BIMBenefits
Compared to 2D and 3D CAD• Elements have architectural meaning• Changes on one drawing have
influence on all others • Rich visualization content (animation,
sun studies, renderings etc.)• Automatic quantity take-offs,
schedules• Connection to structural, energy
calculation, collision detection etc. software
Drawbacks• Higher training requirements• Might be difficult to learn the BIM
approach for people who were previously 2D users
• Might be more difficult to handle complex geometry (e.g. freeform structures) then in 3D and 2D CAD
Real Architectural Elements - BIM Drawing representation
• Floor plan, section and elevation views• Adjustable contours, fills, backgrounds• Scale sensitivity
Model representation• 3D shapes connected to drawing
elements• Surface color and texture
Non-graphical information• Material descriptions• Quantities, volumes• Cost• Values specific to certain elements
(e.g. lux values of lights, fire resistance of doors)
Model Based Documentation - BIM
Coherence between model and drawing All drawings derived from the model Model itself coordinates drawings Automatic scale change The complete project lifecycle can be
controlled from a single file Rich 3D visualization content helps you to
win the job
Estimation-BIM
Additional information attached to the model • Quantity• Materials• Descriptions
Product detailsConstruction detailsSafety details
• Cost
Instant Calculation• Quantity take-offs• Room Inventories• Door-Window Schedules
BIMDATA
3D model
Calculations
Collaboration -BIM
The AEC industry is moving towards integration of disciplines. The collaborative mode will become a standard approach. Only advanced data-sharing technology will enable effective enough communication to support this working method.
Areas of collaboration: Internal External
External Collaboration-BIMThe BIM data can be shared
with the project stakeholders via:
IFC (Industry Foundation Classes)
DXF-DWG (Autocad Drawing)
PDF (Portable Document Format)
XML (Extensible Markup Language)
Other native CAD file formats
Internal Collaboration-BIMAdvanced BIM applications
allow the seamless sharing of the virtual building data between the project team members
The teamwork approach: Central file contains the
complete virtual building database
Team members work on local copies
Team members have dedicated workspaces
Team members send and receive changes regularly
Local Copy 1 Local Copy 2 Local Copy 3
Central File
Workspace 3
Workspace 2
Workspace 1
Send & receive changes
Analysis, Coordination-BIM
Further processing the BIM data allows a wide range of analytical activities:
Code checking (collision detection)
Energy efficiency analysis Structural analysis
EnergyPlus
Jetstream from NavisWorks
Xsteel from Tekla
Trends: Construction Coordination
Construction industry is moving towards automated solutions. Adding time and cost information to the 3D model results the virtual construction model.
Linked Schedules
Linked Estimating
Recipes
BIM Model (3D)
Cost (5D)Time (4D)
Virtual Construction Workflow
Project Control
Fabrication 2D Drawings
Constructability Analysis and Coordination
Procurement Schedule
Accounting
Cost Estimate 5D Model