Introduction, Thesis, and Using Quotes

An argumentative paper makes a claim about a topic and justifies this claim with specific evidence. The claim could be an opinion, a policy proposal, an evaluation, a cause-and-effect statement, or an interpretation. The goal of the argumentative paper is to convince the audience that the claim is true based on the evidence provided (The Owl at Purdue 16 Nov 2009).

Your challenge is to: Provide Background: Introduce the issue and explain

conflicting views on the topic Analyze: Present research supporting the views of the

issue Evaluate: Explain efforts being made to create change,

maintain status quo etc.

I. IntroductionThis essay is about: The effectiveness of nonviolent protest and political action committees in developing nations.

A. Important background information the audience needs to know:1. Rwanda 1994

a. Rwandan Prime Minister Jean Kambanda allows the murders of 800,000 Tutsi Patriots by machete.

b. MoveOn and Amnesty International petition US and American governments for military and financial aid to stop the genocide

2. Sudan 2003 a. Janjaweed and Sudanese military allows for ethnic cleansing in Darfur by starvation and

military actionb. The International Criminal Court is established to bring genocidal leaders to justice.

B. Details that need to be mentioned and will be clarified later:a. Political Action groups are successful when they are supported by international communitiesb. Governments can substantiate and uphold international resolutions against violence when

they establish policies.

C. Thesis: Your thesis statement should be specific—it should cover only what you will discuss in your paper and should be supported with specific evidence.

I intend to prove: Political action against genocidal leaders will prevent future ethnic mass murders.Because: 1. International military forces need to act immediately with peace missions.

2. In order to prevent the widespread violence caused by genocidal leaders as seen in Rwanda and Sudan, genocidal leaders need to be held accountable for their actions

Thesis statement: To prevent the widespread violence caused by genocidal leaders as seen in Rwanda and Sudan, genocidal leaders need to be held accountable for their actions, international military forces need to act immediately with peace missions and political action against genocidal leaders must be established in order to prevent future ethnic mass murders.

Using Quotes

When using cited support in an essay your quoted information needs to:A) Provide a specific account or factual detail which provides direct support of the main idea B) Help prove your thesis!!!!!!! (It all goes back to the thesis)

Steps:1. Find a quote that will support the idea2. Explain the basic point the quote makes3. How does this quote help to prove the thesis?

When to Paraphrase? Summarize information by providing context or background information to be analyzed in the paragraph. This information still needs to be CITED! *** There is a difference between basic knowledge and necessary content information*** Think what did I know before I started to research? The information that was brand new is most likely not common knowledge and needs a citation when explaining it in the essay.

II. Main idea 1: Background A. Genocide in Sudan is ended at the hands of United Nations Peace forces

1. The Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) in Darfur began armed conflict and accused the government of oppressing black Africans in favor of Arabs.

a. Crisis began in February 2003b. The Janjaweed militia begins mass killing of women and children left in

communities abandoned by men who are fighting to support them.c. the Sudanese government allowed the mass killings and did nothing to prevent the

deaths.d. sources: CQ Researcher/Glazer

2. Varying peace measures are taken.a. 7,000 African Union troops are deployed to maintain the peace and establish new

communities.b. United Nations establishes the International Criminal Court in order to restore

Sudan to justice; Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir is charged with genocide and crimes against humanity

c. “The United Nations estimates that violence in Darfur ahs killed 50,000 and left two million short or food and medicine” (Glazer 687).

d. sources: CQ Researcher/Glazer

Genocide in Sudan is ended at the hands of United Nations Peace forces. The Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) in Darfur began armed conflict and accused the government of oppressing black Africans in favor of Arabs. Crisis began in February 2003. The Janjaweed militia begins mass killing of women and children left in communities abandoned by men who are fighting to support them. The Sudanese government allowed the mass killings and did nothing to prevent the deaths. Varying peace measures are taken. 7,000 African Union troops are deployed to maintain the peace and establish new communities. United Nations establishes the International Criminal Court in order to restore Sudan to justice; Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir is charged with genocide and crimes against humanity. “The United Nations estimates that violence in Darfur ahs killed 50,000 and left two million short or food and medicine” (Glazer 687).

Ethnic cleansing and mass murder during early 2003 and 2004 in Sudan was not stopped until

United Nations Peace forces were able to enforce international law against genocide. Genocide

began in Darfur by February of 2003 as a result of armed conflict between the Sudan Liberation Army

(SLA) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). Accusations arose of the government’s

oppressing black Africans in favor of Arabs and the Janjaweed militia began the raping and mass

slaughter of women and children left in communities deserted by the men who were fighting to

support them. The Sudanese government allowed these mass killings and did nothing to prevent the

deaths (Glazer 685). Countless organizations came to the aid of Darfur refugees in camps all over

the Darfur region of Sudan in an attempt to bring peace and safety. African Union troops are

deployed with the intention of maintaining peace and establishing safe shelters for the refugees. The

United Nations (UN) debated the severity of the situation in Darfur for several years; trying very hard

not to label the ethnic murders as genocide until they recognized the magnitude of the horrors in late

2004. “The United Nations estimated that violence in Darfur killed 50,000 and left two million short or

food and medicine” (Glazer 687). It was not until this recognition that they could continue with criminal

proceedings and establish the International Criminal Court in order to restore Sudan to justice; the

then charged and tried Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir with genocide and crimes against

humanity.

Works Cited

Glazer, Sarah. "Stopping Genocide." CQ Researcher 14.29 (2004): 685-708. CQ Researcher. Web.

16 Nov. 2009.

“Creating a Thesis Statement” The Owl at Purdue Purdue University www.owl.english.purdue.edu

2009. Web. 16 Nov 2009.