introduction lecture 2014 - arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · bioinformatics course...

13
Bioinformatics Course Protists Archaea Bacteria You are here Animals Fungi Plants

Upload: others

Post on 25-May-2020

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Bioinformatics Course

Bacillus coagulans

Staphylococcus aureus

Enterococcus sulfureus

Streptococcus bovis

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Spiroplasma tiawanense

Clostridium butyricum

Heliobacterium gestii

Thermoanaerobacter lacticus

Deinococcus radiodurans

Flavobacterium odoratum

Chlamydia pneum

oniae

Fusobacterium perfoetens

Escherichia coli

Salmonella agona

Vibrio aestuarianus

Pseudomonas m

endocina

Legionella pneumophila

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Burkholderia solanacearum

Agrobacterium vitis

Rhizobium

leguminosarum

Rickettsia m

ontana

Cam

pylobacter hyointestinalis

Helicobacter cholecystus

Desulfoacinum

infernum

Myxococcus coralloides

Spirochaeta alkalica

Spirulina subsalsa

Chlorobium

phaeovibrioides

Trichotomospora caesia

Streptomyces lavendulae

Microbacterium

lacticum

Nocardia calcarea

Corynebacterium

acetoacidophilum

Kineococcus aurantiacus

Geoderm

atophilus obscurus

Bifidobacterium catenulatum

Chloroflexus aurantiacus

Aquifex pyrophilus

Thermotoga m

aritima

Pyrodictium occultum

Thermoproteus tenax

Thermococcus stetteri

Thermococcus fum

icolans

Methanococcus jannaschii A

Methanococcus m

aripaludis

Methanobacterium

bryantii

Methanobacterium

subterraneum

Methanosarcina siciliae

Thermoplasm

a acidophilum

Halobacterium

marism

ortui

Haloferax denitrificans

Coem

ansia reversa

Spirodactylon aureum

Coem

ansia braziliensis

Dipsacom

yces acuminosporus

Linderina pennispora

Kickxella alabastrina

Martensiom

yces pterosporus

Smittium

culisetae

Capniom

yces stellatus

Furculomyces boom

erangus

Genistelloides hibernus

Spiromyces aspiralis

Spiromyces m

inutus

Conidiobolus throm

boides

Macrobiotophthora verm

icola

Strongwellsea castrans

Pandora neoaphidis

Zoophthora culisetae

Zoophthora radicans

Eryniopsis ptycopterae

Entomophaga aulicae

Entomophthora m

uscae

Entomophthora schizophora

Conidiobolus coronatus

Mucor ram

annianus

Mucor m

ucedo

Mucor racem

osus

Syncephalastrum racem

osum

Basidiobolus ranarum

Endogone pisiformis

Mortierella polycephala

Acaulospora rugosa

Acaulospora spinosa

Entrophospora columbiana

Glom

us mosseae

Glom

us cf geosporum

Glom

us mossae

Glom

us manihotis

Glom

us intraradices

Glom

us etunicatum

Glom

us claroideum

Glom

us versiforme

Scuttellospora pellucida

Scutellospora castanea

Scutellospora heterogama

Scuttellospora dipapillosa

Gigaspora albida

Gigaspora m

argarita

Gigaspora decipiens

Gigaspora gigantea

Acaulospora gerdemannii

Geosiphon pyriform

e

Aleurodiscus botryosus

Stereum hirsutum

Gloeocystidiellum

leucoxantha

Stereum annosum

Heterobasidion annosum

Laxitextum bicolor

Hericium

ramosum

Hericium

erinaceum

Lentinellus ursinus

Lentinellus omphalodes

Clavicorona pyxidata

Auriscalpium vulgare

Bondarzew

ia berkeleyi

Scytinostrom

a alutum

Peniophora nuda

Echinodontium

tinctorium

Russula com

pacta

Inonotus hispidus

Phellinus igniarius

Trichaptum biform

e

Trichaptum abietinum

Trichaptum fusco violaceum

Trichaptum laricinum

Basidioradulum

radula

Coltricia perennis

Schizopora paradoxa

Hyphodontia alutaria

Sphaerobolus stellatus

Geastrum

saccatum

Ram

aria stricta

Clavariadelphus pistillaris

Gom

phus floccosus

Pseudocolus fusiform

is

Auricularia polytricha

Auricularia auricula

Pseudohydnum

gelatinosum

Boletus satanas

Xerocom

us chrysenteron

Calostom

a ravenelii

Calostom

a cinnabarinum

Scleroderm

a citrina

Paxillus panuoides

Leucoagaricus gongylophorus

Basid sym

b of Atta cephalotes

Basid sym

b of Sericom

yrmex bond

Basid sym

b of Trachymyrm

ex bugn

Basid sym

b of Cyphom

yrmex rim

os

Basid sym

b of Apterostigm

a coll

Athelia bom

bacina

Panellus stipticus

Typhula phacorrhiza

Panellus serotinus

Tricholoma m

atsutake

Om

phalina umbellifera

Pleurotus ostreatus

Coprinus cinereus

Cortinarius iodes

Lepiota procera

Crucibulum

laeve

Stropharia rugosoannulata

Calvatia gigantea

Cyathus striatus

Lentinula lateritia

Am

anita muscaria

Cantharellus tubaeform

is

Dictyonem

a pavonia

Schizophyllum

comm

une

Fistulina hepatica

Pleurotus tuberregium

Agaricus bisporus

Tulostoma m

acrocephala

Pluteus petasatus

Termitom

yces cartilagineus

Termitom

yces albuminosus

Ceriporia purpurea

Bjerkandera adusta

Phlebia radiata

Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Rhizoctonia zeae

Tretopileus sphaerophorus

Dentocorticium

sulphurellum

Fomes fom

entarius

Lentinus tigrinusG

anoderma australe

Trametes suaveolens

Polyporus squamosus

Laetiporus sulphureus

Phaeolus schw

einitzii

Sparassis spathulata

Antrodia carbonica

Daedalea quercina

Fomitopsis pinicola

Spongipellis unicolor

Panus rudisM

eripilus giganteus

Albatrellus syringae

Gloeophyllum

sepiarium

Hydnum

repandum

Multiclavula m

ucida

Clavulina cristata

Botryobasidium

subcoronatum

Botryobasidium

isabellinum

Thanatephorus cucumeris

Thanatephorus praticola

Heterotextus alpinus

Calocera cornea

Dacrym

yces chrysospermus

Dacrym

yces stillatus

Tsuchiaea wingfieldii

Cryptococcus neoform

ans

Filobasidiella neoformans

Bullera dendrophila

Trimorphom

yces papilionaceus

Bullera m

iyagianaB

ullera globosporaTrem

ella globosporaB

ullera pseudoalbaB

ullera penniseticolaB

ullera hannaeB

ullera albaB

ullera unicaTrem

ella moriform

isFellom

yces distyliiKockovaella schim

aeFellom

yces ogasawarensis

Kockovaella phaffiiKockovaella m

achilophilaKockovaella im

perataeKockovaella sacchariKockovaella thailandicaFellom

yces fuzhouensisFellom

yces penicillatusFellom

yces polyborusFellom

yces horovitziaeS

terigmatosporidium

polymorphum

Fibulobasidium inconspicuum

Sirobasidium

magnum

Bullera coprosm

aensisB

ullera oryzaeB

ullera derxiiB

ullera sinensisB

ullera mrakii

Bullera huiaensis

Bul

lera

cro

cea

Bul

lera

arm

enia

caB

ulle

ra v

aria

bilis

Tric

hosp

oron

cut

aneu

mTr

icho

spor

on ja

poni

cum

Trem

ella

folia

cea

Hol

term

anni

a co

rnifo

rmis

Filo

basi

dium

flor

iform

eM

raki

a ps

ychr

ophi

liaM

raki

a fri

gida

Ude

niom

yces

meg

alos

poru

sU

deni

omyc

es p

unic

eus

Ude

niom

yces

piri

cola

Bul

lera

gra

ndis

pora

Leuc

ospo

ridiu

m la

ri m

arin

iC

ysto

filob

asid

ium

cap

itatu

mP

haffi

a rh

odoz

yma

Tille

tia c

arie

sTi

lletia

ria a

nom

ala

Tille

tiops

is fu

lves

cens

Tille

tiops

is fl

ava

Tille

tiops

is m

inor

Tille

tiops

is a

lbes

cens

Tille

tiops

is w

ashi

ngto

nens

isTi

lletio

psis

pal

lesc

ens

Ust

ilago

hor

dei

Ust

ilago

may

dis

Ust

ilago

shi

raia

naG

raph

iola

cyl

indr

ica

Gra

phio

la p

hoen

icis

Cam

ptob

asid

ium

hyd

roph

ilum

Sym

podi

omyc

opsi

s pa

phio

pedi

li

Kond

oa m

alvi

nella

Ben

sing

toni

a m

isca

nthi

Ben

sing

toni

a su

bros

ea

Ben

sing

toni

a yu

ccic

ola

Ben

sing

toni

a ph

ylla

dus

Myc

oglo

ea m

acro

spor

a

Ste

rigm

atom

yces

hal

ophi

lus

Aga

ricos

tilbu

m h

ypha

enes

Ben

sing

toni

a in

gold

iiB

ensi

ngto

nia

mus

ae

Kurtz

man

omyc

es n

ecta

irei

Chi

onos

phae

ra a

poba

sidi

alis

Spo

robo

lom

yces

xan

thus

Ben

sing

toni

a na

gano

ensi

s

Ben

sing

toni

a ci

liata

Mix

ia o

smun

dae

Rho

dosp

orid

ium

toru

loid

es

Rho

doto

rula

glu

tinis

Rho

doto

rula

gra

min

is

Rho

doto

rula

muc

ilagi

nosa

Rho

dosp

orid

ium

fluv

iale

Spo

ridio

bolu

s jo

hnso

nii

Spo

robo

lom

yces

rose

us

Ben

sing

toni

a ya

mat

oana

Zym

oxen

oglo

ea e

rioph

ori

Mic

robo

tryum

vio

lace

um

Leuc

ospo

ridiu

m s

cotti

i

Ben

sing

toni

a in

term

edia

Het

erog

astri

dium

pyc

nidi

oide

um

Hya

lops

ora

poly

podi

i

Perid

erm

ium

har

knes

sii

Cro

narti

um ri

bico

la

Ure

dino

psis

inte

rmed

ia

Phy

sope

lla a

mpe

lops

idis

Gym

noco

nia

nite

ns

Puc

cini

a su

zuta

ke

Nys

sops

ora

echi

nata

Aec

idiu

m e

pim

edii

Rho

doto

rula

min

uta

Ery

thro

basi

dium

has

egaw

ianu

m

Rho

doto

rula

lact

osa

Rho

dosp

orid

ium

dac

ryoi

dum

Hel

icob

asid

ium

pur

pure

um

Hel

icob

asid

ium

mom

pa

Hel

icob

asid

ium

cor

ticio

ides

Hel

icog

loea

var

iabi

lis

Gra

phiu

m p

utre

dini

s

Gra

phiu

m te

cton

ae

Petri

ella

set

ifera

Lom

ento

spor

a pr

olific

ans

Pse

udal

lesc

heria

boy

dii

Pse

udal

lesc

heria

ellip

soid

ea

Lign

inco

la la

evis

Nai

s in

orna

ta

Ani

ptod

era

ches

apea

kens

is

Hal

osar

phei

a re

torq

uens

Mic

roas

cus

cirro

sus

Gra

phiu

m p

enic

illioi

des

Cer

atoc

ystis

fim

bria

ta

Fusa

rium

cul

mor

um

Gib

bere

lla p

ulic

aris

Fusa

rium

cer

ealis

Fusa

rium

equ

iset

i

Nec

tria

haem

atoc

occa

Fusa

rium

oxy

spor

um

Gib

bere

lla a

vena

cea

Fusa

rium

mer

ism

oide

s

Paec

ilom

yces

tenu

ipes

Cor

dyce

pioi

deus

bis

poru

s

Ham

ilton

aphi

s st

yrac

i sym

b

Geo

smith

ia p

utte

rillii

Geo

smith

ia la

vend

ula

Spi

cellu

m ro

seum

Myc

oara

chis

inve

rsa

Nec

tria

ochr

oleu

ca

Nec

tria

aure

oful

va

Cha

etop

sina

fulv

a

Hyp

ocre

a lu

tea

Hyp

omyc

es c

hrys

ospe

rmus

Glo

mer

ella

cin

gula

ta

Verti

cilliu

m d

ahlia

e

Hyp

oxyl

on fr

agifo

rme

Xyl

aria

car

poph

ila

Xyl

aria

pol

ymor

pha

Ros

ellin

ia n

ecat

rix

Obo

larin

a dr

yoph

ila

Kio

noch

aeta

ivor

iens

is

Kio

noch

aeta

spi

ssa

Kion

ocha

eta

ram

ifera

Mel

iola

judd

iana

Mel

iola

nie

ssle

ana

Podo

spor

a an

serin

a

Neu

rosp

ora

cras

sa

Sor

daria

fim

icol

a

Cha

etom

ium

ela

tum

Cam

arop

s m

icros

pora

Asc

ovag

inos

pora

ste

llipal

a

Cry

phon

ectri

a pa

rasi

tica

Cry

phon

ectri

a ra

dica

lis

Cry

phon

ectri

a ha

vane

nsis

Cry

phon

ectri

a cu

bens

is

Endo

thia

gyr

osa

Leuc

osto

ma

pers

ooni

i

Oph

iost

oma

euro

phio

ides

Oph

iost

oma

cucu

llatu

m

Oph

iost

oma

aino

ae

Oph

iost

oma

sten

ocer

as

Spo

roth

rix s

chen

ckii

Oph

iost

oma

ulm

i

Oph

iost

oma

peni

cilla

tum

Peso

tum

frag

rans

Oph

iost

oma

bico

lor

Oph

iost

oma

pice

ae

Pseu

doha

lone

ctria

falc

ata

Oph

ioce

ras

lept

ospo

rum

Mag

napo

rthe

grise

a

Lulw

orth

ia fu

cico

la

Spa

thul

aria

flav

ida

Cud

onia

con

fusa

Rhy

tism

a sa

licin

um

Mon

ilinia

laxa

Mon

ilinia

fruc

ticol

a

Scle

rotin

ia s

cler

otio

rum

Amyl

ocar

pus

ence

phal

oide

s

Neo

bulg

aria

pre

mno

phila

Blum

eria

gra

min

is

Phy

llact

inia

gut

tata

Cyt

taria

dar

win

ii

Thel

ebol

us s

terc

oreu

s

Asco

zonu

s w

oolh

open

sis

Leot

ia lu

bric

a

Mic

rogl

ossu

m v

iride

Geo

myc

es p

anno

rum

Geo

myc

es p

anno

rum

var

asp

erul

a

Bulg

aria

inqu

inan

s

Lept

osph

aeria

bico

lor

Cuc

urbi

doth

is p

ityop

hila

Kirs

chst

eini

othe

lia e

late

rasc

us

Hel

icas

cus

kana

loan

us

Pyre

noph

ora

trich

osto

ma

Pyre

noph

ora

tritic

i rep

entis

Coc

hlio

bolu

s sa

tivus

Alte

rnar

ia b

rass

icae

Cla

thro

spor

a di

plos

pora

Alte

rnar

ia a

ltern

ata

Alte

rnar

ia b

rass

icic

ola

Alte

rnar

ia ra

phan

i

Pleo

spor

a he

rbar

um

Seto

spha

eria

rost

rata

Pleo

spor

a be

tae

Lept

osph

aeria

dol

iolu

m

Lept

osph

aeria

mac

ulan

s

Cuc

urbi

taria

elo

ngat

a

Lept

osph

aeria

micr

osco

pica

Oph

iobo

lus

herp

otric

hus

Phae

osph

aeria

nod

orum

Cuc

urbi

taria

ber

berid

is

Pleo

spor

a ru

dis

Wes

terd

ykel

la d

ispe

rsa

Loph

iost

oma

cren

atum

Spor

omia

ligni

cola

Mon

odict

ys c

asta

neae

Kirs

chst

eini

othe

lia m

aritim

a

Her

potri

chia

juni

peri

Myc

osph

aere

lla m

ycop

appi

Her

potri

chia

diff

usa

Den

dryp

hiop

sis a

tra

Botry

osph

aeria

rhod

ina

Botry

osph

aeria

ribi

s

Phae

oscle

ra d

emat

ioid

es

Dot

hide

a in

scul

pta

Dot

hide

a hi

ppop

haeo

s

Aure

obas

idiu

m p

ullu

lans

Coc

codi

nium

bar

tsch

ii

Sarc

inom

yces

cru

stac

eus

Siph

ula

cera

tites

Pertu

saria

trac

hyth

allin

a

Dip

losc

hist

es o

cella

tus

var a

l

Anam

ylops

ora

pulch

errim

a

Trap

elia

pla

codi

oide

s

Trap

elia

invo

luta

Plac

opsi

s ge

lida

Cono

trem

a po

pulor

um

Cya

node

rmel

la v

iridu

la

Gya

lect

a ul

mi

Neph

rom

a ar

cticu

m

Peltig

era

neop

olyd

acty

la

Solo

rina

croc

ea

Pseu

deve

rnia

cla

doni

ae

Pilo

phor

us a

cicul

aris

Clad

ia a

ggre

gata

Cla

doni

a be

llidiflo

ra

Ster

eoca

ulon

ram

ulos

um

Leca

nora

disp

ersa

Squa

mar

ina

lent

iger

a

Rhizo

carp

on g

eogr

aphi

cum

Spha

erop

horu

s gl

obos

us

Leifid

ium

tene

rum

Buno

doph

oron

scr

obicu

latu

m

Xant

horia

ele

gans

Meg

alosp

ora

sulph

urat

a

Lecid

ea fu

scoa

tra

Porp

idia

cru

stul

ata

Calic

ium

ads

pers

um

Texo

spor

ium

san

cti ja

cobi

Thelo

mm

a m

amm

osum

Cyph

eliu

m in

quin

ans

Chro

moc

leist

a m

alac

hite

a

Peni

cilliu

m n

otat

um

Eupe

nicil

lium

cru

stac

eum

Peni

cilliu

m fr

eii

Peni

cilliu

m n

amys

low

skii

Geo

smith

ia n

amys

lows

kii

Eupe

nicil

lium

java

nicu

m

Mer

imbla

inge

lheim

ense

Ham

igera

ave

llane

a

Hem

icarp

ente

les o

rnat

us

Aspe

rgillu

s fla

vus

Aspe

rgillu

s or

yzae

Aspe

rgillu

s no

miu

s

Aspe

rgillu

s pa

rasit

icus

Aspe

rgillu

s ta

mar

ii

Aspe

rgillu

s so

jae

Aspe

rgillu

s av

enac

eus

Mon

ascu

s pur

pure

us

Euro

tium

her

bario

rum

Euro

tium

rubr

um

Aspe

rgillu

s re

stric

tus

Aspe

rgillu

s us

tus

Aspe

rgillu

s ve

rsico

lor

Emer

icella

nid

ulan

s

Aspe

rgillu

s ni

dula

ns

Fenn

ellia

flavip

es

Aspe

rgillu

s te

rreus

Aspe

rgillu

s we

ntii

Chae

tosa

rtory

a cr

emea

Neos

arto

rya

fisch

eri

Aspe

rgillu

s fu

mig

atus

Aspe

rgillu

s cla

vatu

s

Aspe

rgillu

s och

race

us

Aspe

rgillu

s ni

ger

Aspe

rgillu

s aw

amor

ii

Aspe

rgillu

s ce

rvinu

s

Aspe

rgillu

s ca

ndid

us

Aspe

rgillu

s zo

natu

s

Aspe

rgillu

s spa

rsus

Byss

ochl

amys

nive

a

Paec

ilom

yces

vario

tii

Ther

moa

scus

crus

tace

us

Geo

smith

ia cy

lindr

ospo

ra

Talar

omyc

es e

burn

eus

Talar

omyc

es e

mer

sonii

Talar

omyc

es fla

vus

Talar

omyc

es b

acilli

spor

us

Elap

hom

yces

leve

illei

Elap

hom

yces

mac

ulatu

s

Auxa

rthro

n zu

ffianu

m

Malb

ranc

hea

filam

ento

sa

Malb

ranc

hea

dend

ritica

Malb

ranc

hea

albolu

tea

Uncin

ocar

pus r

eesii

Cocc

idioid

es im

mitis

Onyge

na eq

uina

Renis

pora

flavis

sima

Cten

omyc

es se

rratu

s

Trich

ophy

ton ru

brum

Gymno

asco

ideus

pet

alosp

orus

Chry

sosp

orium

parv

um

Blas

tom

yces

der

mat

itidis

Histo

plasm

a ca

psula

tum

Histop

lasm

a ca

psula

tum

ssp

farci

Histo

plasm

a ca

psula

tum

ssp

dubo

i

Asco

spha

era

apis

Erem

ascu

s albu

s

Malb

ranc

hea g

ypse

a

Phae

oann

ellom

yces

eleg

ans

Nads

oniel

la nig

ra

Exop

hiala

jeans

elmei

Phae

ococ

com

yces

exop

hialae

Capro

nia p

ilose

lla

Exop

hiala

man

sonii

Pullu

laria

proto

troph

a

Exop

hiala

derm

atitid

is

Sarci

nom

yces

phae

omur

iform

is

Capro

nia m

anso

nii

Graph

ium ca

licioi

des

Ceram

othyri

um lin

naea

e

Conios

poriu

m ap

ollini

s

Conios

poriu

m pe

rfora

ns

Chaen

othec

opsis

savo

nica

Sphin

ctrina

turb

inata

Sten

ocyb

e pull

atula

Myc

ocali

cium

albo

nigru

m

Lasa

llia ro

ssica

Umbil

icaria

subg

labra

Steg

obium

panic

eum

yeas

t like

sym

Lasio

derm

a ser

ricor

ne ye

ast li

ke

Monac

rosp

orium

ellip

sosp

ora

Orbilia

auric

olor

Arthr

obotr

ys co

noide

s

Duddin

gtonia

flagr

ans

Monac

rospo

rium ge

phyro

paga

Monac

rosp

orium

hapto

tylum

Arthr

obotr

ys ro

busta

Dactyl

ella o

xysp

ora

Dactyl

ella r

hopa

lota

Arthr

obotr

ys da

ctyloi

des

Orbilia

delic

atula

Choiro

myces

mea

ndrifo

rmis

Choiro

myces

veno

sus

Tube

r mag

natum

Tube

r pan

niferu

m

Tube

r exc

avatu

m

Tube

r rapa

eodo

rum

Tube

r gibb

osum

Tube

r borc

hii

Dingley

a ver

ruco

sa

Laby

rintho

myces

variu

s

Redde

llomyc

es do

nkii

Wyn

nella

silvi

color

Barssia

oreg

onen

sis

Balsam

ia vu

lgaris

Balsam

ia mag

nata

Helvell

a lac

unos

a

Helvell

a ter

restr

is

Underw

oodia

colum

naris

Calosc

ypha

fulge

ns

Pulvinu

la arc

heri

Chalaz

ion he

lvetic

um

Ascod

esmis

spha

erosp

ora

Glaziel

la au

rantia

ca

Aleuria

auran

tia

Inerm

isia ag

grega

ta

Trich

opha

ea hy

brida

Wilc

oxina

miko

lae

Scutel

linia

scute

llata

Leuc

oscy

pha o

roarct

ica

Pyrone

ma dom

estic

um

Otidea

lepo

rina

Neottie

lla ru

tilans

Pauroc

otylis

pila

Geopy

xis ca

rbona

ria

Tarze

tta ca

tinus

Cooke

ina su

lcipe

s

Sarcos

cyph

a aus

triaca

Micros

toma p

rotrac

ta

Desmaz

ierell

a acic

ola

Plectan

ia rhy

tidia

Sarcos

oma g

lobos

um

Urnula

hiemali

s

Morche

lla es

culen

ta

Morche

lla el

ata

Verpa

conic

a

Verpa

bohe

mica

Leuc

angiu

m carth

usian

um

Fische

rula s

ubca

ulis

Disciot

is ve

nosa

Hydno

trya t

ulasn

ei

Gyromitra

escu

lenta

Gyromitra

mela

leuco

ides

Pseud

orhizin

a cali

fornic

a

Gyromitra

mon

tana

Discina

mac

rospo

ra

Hydno

trya c

erebri

formis

Rhizina

undu

lata

Cazia

flexia

scus

Terfe

zia ar

enari

a

Peziza

succ

osa

Peziza

quele

pidoti

a

Terfe

zia te

rfezio

ides

Pachy

phloe

us m

elano

xanth

us

Boudie

ra ac

antho

spora

Peziza

badia

Theco

theus

holm

skjold

ii

Ascob

olus l

ineola

tus

Pichia

mexica

na

Candid

a con

globa

ta

Candid

a aas

eri

Candid

a buty

ri

Candid

a inse

ctorum

Candid

a den

drone

ma

Candid

a ten

uis

Candid

a nae

oden

dra

Candid

a didd

ensia

e

Candid

a atla

ntica

Candid

a atm

osph

aerica

Candid

a buin

ensis

Candid

a frie

drich

ii

Candid

a mem

branifa

ciens

Pichia

triang

ularis

Candid

a multi

gemmis

Candid

a oleo

phila

Candid

a bole

ticola

Candida schatav

ii

Candid

a laure

liae

Candida kriss

ii

Candid

a san

tamaria

e var

membra

Candid

a ralu

nens

is

Candid

a san

tamari

ae va

r santa

m

Candid

a bee

chii

Candid

a zeyl

anoid

es

Candid

a sop

hiae r

egina

e

Candid

a que

rcitrus

a

Candida natalensis

Candid

a frag

i

Candida psychrophila

Candida glucosophila

Candida xesto

bii

Candid

a fukuy

amae

nsis

Candid

a ferm

entica

rens

Pichia guillie

rmondii

Debaryomyce

s hansenii v

ar hans

Debaryomyce

s hansenii v

ar fabr

Taphrina farlowii

Yamadazyma guillie

rmondii

Pichia farin

osa

Debaryomyce

s udenii

Debaryomyce

s caste

llii

Debaryomyce

s hansenii

Candida sojae

Candida tropica

lis

Candida albicans

Candida dubliniensis

Candida maltosa

Candida viswanathii

Candida lodderae

Candida parapsilosis

Lodderomyces e

longisporus

Candida shehatae va

r insecto

sa

Candida shehatae va

r lignosa

Candida shehatae va

r shehatae

Candida palmioleophila

Candida fluvia

tilis

Candida saitoana

Candida pseudoglaebosa

Candida glaebosa

Candida insectamans

Candida lyxosophila

Candida kruisii

Candida tanzawaensis

Candida sake

Candida austromarina

Candida coipomoensis

Candida ergastensis

Pichia angusta

Williopsis

salico

rniae

Endomyces fi

buliger

Saccharomyco

psis fibuligera

Saccharomyco

psis capsularis

Kluyveromyce

s nonfermentati

Kluyveromyce

s aestu

arii

Kluyveromyce

s marxia

nus

Kluyveromyce

s lactis

Kluyveromyce

s dobzhanskii

Kluyveromyce

s wicke

rhamii

Holleya sinecauda

Zygosaccharomyce

s mellis

Zygosaccharomyce

s rouxii

Zygosaccharomyce

s bisporus

Zygosaccharomyce

s lentus

Zygosaccharomyce

s bailii

Arxiozym

a telluris

Saccharomyce

s dairensis

Saccharomyce

s serva

zzii

Saccharomyce

s unisporus

Saccharomyce

s transva

alensis

Zygosaccharomyce

s mrakii

Torulaspora globosa

Torulaspora delbrueckii

Torulaspora pretoriensis

Zygosaccharomyce

s micro

ellipsoide

Candida colliculosa

Kazachstania viticola

Kluyveromyce

s blattae

Kluyveromyce

s phaffii

Zygosaccharomyce

s florentinus

Candida glabrata

Kluyveromyces delphensis

Saccharomyce

s pastorianus

Saccharomyce

s cerevisi

ae

Saccharomyce

s cerevisi

ae 2

Saccharomyce

s bayanus

Saccharomyce

s paradoxus

Kluyveromyce

s polysporus

Kluyveromyces yarrowii

Kluyveromyce

s lodderae

Saccharomyces rosinii

Kluyveromyces africanus

Saccharomyce

s spencerorum

Saccharomyces exiguus

Saccharomyces barnettii

Saccharomyces castellii

Zygosaccharomyce

s fermentati

Saccharomyces kluyveri

Kluyveromyces thermotolerans

Kluyveromyces waltii

Saccharomycodes ludwigii

Hanseniaspora uvarum

Williopsis pratensis

Williopsis californica

Starmera amethionina var pachy

Starmera amethionina var ameth

Starmera caribaea

Pichia anomala

Williopsis saturnus

Williopsis saturnus var mrakii

Williopsis mucosa

Pachysolen tannophilus

Candida chilensis

Candida cylindracea

Candida savonica

Candida mesenterica

Candida suecica

Phaffomyces antillensis

Phaffomyces opuntiae

Phaffomyces thermotolerans

Yarrowia lipolyticaCandida rugosa

Candida catenulata

Candida pseudointermedia

Candida intermedia

Candida akabanensis

Candida oregonensis

Candida haemulonii

Candida tsuchiyae

Clavispora lusitaniae

Candida melibiosicaCandida torresii

Metschnikowia bicuspidataCandida agrestis

Metschnikowia reukaufii

Metschnikowia pulcherrimaCandida mogii

Brettanomyces bruxellensis

Dekkera bruxellensisDekkera anomala

Brettanomyces anomalus

Dekkera custersiana

Dekkera naardenensis

Candida insectalensCandida silvatica

Issatchenkia orientalis

Pichia membranaefaciens

Candida spandovensisCandida apicolaCandida bombi

Starmerella bombicola

Candida geocharesCandida vaccinii

Endomyces geotrichum

Galactomyces geotrichumDipodascus albidus

Candida chiropterorumCandida valdivianaCandida drimydis

Waltomyces lipofer

Dipodascopsis uninucleata

Protomyces macrosporus

Protomyces pachydermusProtomyces inouyei

Protomyces lactucaeTaphrina virginicaTaphrina carnea

Taphrina pruni subcordataeTaphrina mirabilisTaphrina nana

Taphrina pruniTaphrina ulmi

Taphrina communisTaphrina flavorubraTaphrina populina

Taphrina deformansTaphrina wiesneri

Taphrina robinsonianaTaphrina letifera

Neolecta vitellinaNeolecta irregularis

Saitoella complicata

Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Schizosaccharomyces japonicusPneumocystis carinii

Calicium tricolorTaphrina maculans

Taphrina californicaChytridium confervae

Neocallimastix frontalisNeocallimastix joyoniiPiromonas communis

Spizellomyces acuminatus

Allomyces macrogynus

Blastocladiella emersoniiChrysops nigerDrosophila melanogaster

Ceratitis capitataOrnithoica vicina

Nephrotoma altissimaLutzomyia shannoni

Aedes albopictusAedes aegyptiAedes punctor

Toxorhynchites ambionensisCulex tritaeniorhynchus

Anopheles psuedopunctipennisAnopheles albimanus

Eucorethra underwoodiDixella cornutaCulicoides variipennis

Amblabesmia rhampheSimulium vittatumXenos vesparumStylops melittae

Mengenilla chobautiGalleria mellonella

Archaeopsylla erinaceiPanorpa germanica

Anisochrysa carneaOliarces claraMonolobus ovalipennis

Antarctonomus complanatusLoricera foveataLoricera pilicornis pilicornis

Amarotypus edwardsiBembidion mexicanum

Bembidion levettei carrianumAsaphidion curtumDiplous californicusPatrobus longicornisPericompsus laetulusDiplochaetus planatusZolus helmsiMerizodus angusticollisSloaneana tasmaniaeBatesiana hilarisSchizogenius falliClivina ferreaDyschirius sphaericollisMelisodera picipennisMecyclothorax vulcansAmblytelus curtusApotomus rufithoraxBroscosoma relictumCreobius eydouxiGalerita lecontei leconteiPseudaptinus rufulusAptinus displosorPterostichus melanariusTetragonoderus latipennisDiscoderus cordicollisChlaenius ruficaudaCalybe laetulaAmara apricariaAgonum extensicolleCymindis punctigeraLoxandrus n sp nr amplithoraCnemalobus sulciferusCatapiesis brasiliensisMorion aridusBrachinus armigerBrachinus hirsutusPheropsophus aequinoctialisPasimachus atronitensScarites subterraneusCarenum interruptumSiagona europaeaSiagona jennisoniClinidium calcaratumOmoglymmius hamatusOmus californicusCicindela sedecimpunctataMetrius contractusPachyteles striolaCymbionotum semelederiCymbionotum pictulumGehringia olympicaPromecognathus crassusLaccocenus ambiguusOmophron obliteratum

Psydrus piceusCeroglossus chilensisPamborus gueriniiCalosoma scrutatorCarabus nemoralisScaphinotus petersi catalinaeCychrus italicusOpisthius richardsoniLeistus ferruginosusNebria hudsonicaNotiophilus semiopacusTrachypachus gibbsiiTrachypachus holmbergiSystolosoma lateritiumElaphrus californicus

Elaphrus clairvilleiBlethisa multipunctata aurataMecodema fulgidum

Oregus aereusSuphis inflatusCopelatus chevrolati renovatusHydroscapha natans

Xanthopyga cactiDynastes grantiTenebrio molitor

Meloe proscarabaeusClambus arnetti

Phaeostigma notataLeptothorax acervorum

Polistes dominulusGraphosoma lineatumRaphigaster nebulosa

Lygus hesperusHemiowoodwardia wilsoni

Hackeriella veitchiSpissistilus festinusProkelisia marginataPhilaenus spumariusOkanagana utahensis

Trioza eugeniaePealius kelloggii

Acyrthosiphon pisumAonidiella aurantii

Batrachideidae gen spCarausius morosusAcheta domesticusMesoperlina pecircai

Aeschna cyaneaLepisma saccharina

Lepidocyrtus paradoxusCrossodonthina koreana

Hypogastrura dolsanaPodura aquatica

Theatops erythrocephalaScolopendra cingulata

Cryptops trisulcatus

Craterostigmus tasmanianusLithobius variegatus

Scutigera coleoptrata

Pseudohimantarium mediterraneumClinopodes poseidonisCylindroiulus punctatusPolydesmus coriaceus

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus

Hyalomma lusitanicum

Hyalomma rufipesHyalomma dromedarii

Rhipicephalus sanguineusBoophilus microplus

Rhipicephalus zambeziensis

Rhipicephalus bursa

Boophilus annulatus

Rhipicephalus pusillus

Dermacentor andersoni

Dermacentor marginatus

Amblyomma triguttatum triguttat

Amblyomma vikirri

Aponomma fimbriatum

Aponomma latum

Amblyomma variegatum

Amblyomma tuberculatum

Amblyomma americanum

Amblyomma maculatum

Haemaphysalis inermis

Haemaphysalis punctata

Haemaphysalis leporispalustris

Haemaphysalis humerosa

Haemaphysalis petrogalis

Haemaphysalis leachi

Aponomma undatum

Aponomma concolor

Ixodes auritulusIxodes ricinus

Ixodes affinis

Ixodes pilosus

Ixodes cookei

Ixodes simplex simplex

Ixodes kopsteini

Ixodes holocyclus

Carios puertoricensis

Ornithodoros moubata

Ornithodoros coriaceus

Otobius megnini

Argas lahorensis

Argas persicus

Megisthanus floridanus

Cosmolaelaps trifidus

Hypochthonius rufulus

Lohmannia banksi

Nothrus sylvestris

Xenillus tegeocranus

Euzetes globulosus

Allonothrus russeolus

Archegozetes longisetosus

Trhypochthonius tectorum

Nehypochthonius porosus

Steganacarus magnus

Gehypochthonius urticinus

Chortoglyphus arcuatus

Acarus siro

Eusimonia wunderlichi

Androctonus australis

Liphistius bicoloripes

Eurypelma californica

Odiellus troguloides

Pseudocellus pearsei

Limulus polyphemus

Callipallene gen sp

Berndtia purpurea

Trypetesa lampas

Octolasmis lowei

Paralepas palinuri

Lepas anatifera

Balanus eburneus

Chelonibia patula

Tetraclita stalactifera

Chthamalus fragilis

Verruca spengleri

Ibla cumingi

Calantica villosa

Loxothylacus texanus

Dendrogaster asterinae

Ulophysema oeresundense

Palaemonetes kadiakensis

Helice tridens

Philyra pisum

Callinectes sapidus

Pugettia quadridens

Raninoides louisianensis

Procambarus leonensis

Astacus astacus

Nephrops norvegicus

Panulirus argus

Oedignathus inermis

Penaeus aztecus

Stenopus hispidus

Artemia salina

Branchinecta packardi

Daphnia pulex

Bosmina longirostris

Daphnia galeata

Stenocypris major

Argulus nobilis

Porocephalus crotali

Milnesium tardigradum

Macrobiotus hufelandi

Thulinia stephaniae

Echiniscus viridissimus

Euperipatoides leuckarti

Priapulus caudatus

Pycnophyes kielensis

Helix aspersa

Balea biplicata

Limicolaria kambeul

Laevicaulis alte

Onchidella celtica

Siphonaria algesirae

Anthosiphonaria sirius

Lymnaea glabra

Stagnicola palustris

Lymnaea stagnalis

Radix peregra

Lymnaea auricularia

Fossaria truncatula

Bakerilymnaea cubensis

Biomphalaria glabrata

Littorina obtusata

Littorina littorea

Fasciolaria lignaria

Nassarius singuinjorensis

Pisania striata

Reishia bronni

Thais clavigera

Rapana venosa

Bursa rana

Monodonta labio

Antalis vulgaris

Scutopus ventrolineatus

Arctica islandica

Mercenaria mercenaria

Spisula subtruncata

Mulinia lateralis

Spisula solida

Spisula solidissima

Tresus nuttali

Tresus capax

Mactromeris polynyma

Hippopus hippopus

Hippopus porcellanus

Tridacna squamosa

Tridacna crocea

Tridacna maxima

Tridacna derasa

Tridacna gigas

Vasticardium flavum

Fulvia mutica

Fragum unedo

Fragum fragum

Corculum cardissa

Galeomma takii

Ostrea edulis

Crassostrea virginica

Nerita albicilla

Mytilus edulis

Mytilus trossulus

Mytilus galloprovincialis

Mytilus californianus

Geukensia demissa

Mimachlamys varia

Chlamys hastata

Crassadoma gigantea

Pecten maximus

Argopecten gibbus

Argopecten irradians

Placopecten magellanicus

Chlamys islandica

Atrina pectinata

Arca noae

Barbatia virescens

Acanthopleura japonica

Lepidochitona corrugata

Lepidozona coreanica

Eohemithyris grayii

Platidia anomioides

Stenosarina crosnieri

Gryphus vitreus

Thecidellina blochmanii

Cancellothyris hedleyi

Terebratulina retusa

Liothyrella neozelanica

Liothyrella uva

Gwynia capsula

Calloria inconspicua

Gyrothyris mawsoni

Neothyris parva

Terebratalia transversa

Macandrevia cranium

Fallax neocaledonensis

Laqueus californianus

Megerlia truncata

Terebratella sanguinea

Notosaria nigricans

Hemithyris psittaceae

Neocrania anomala

Neocrania huttoni

Discina striata

Glottidia pyramidata

Lingula lingua

Lingula anatina

Phoronis architecta

Phoronis psammophila

Phoronis vancouverensis

Alboglossiphonia heteroclita

Hirudo medicinalis

Haemopis sanguisuga

Barbronia weberi

Eisenia fetida

Lumbricus rubellus

Dero digitata

Xironogiton victoriensis

Sathodrilus attenuatus

Nereis virens

Aphrodita aculeata

Nereis limbata

Capitella capitata

Harmothoe impar

Sabella pavonina

Magelona mirabilis

Scoloplos armiger

Polydora ciliata

Pygospio elegans

Lanice conchilega

Nephtys hombergii

Glycera americana

Dodecaceria concharum

Chaetopterus variopedatus

Siboglinum fiordicum

Ridgeia piscesae

Ochetostoma erythrogrammon

Pedicellina cernua

Barentsia hildegardae

Barentsia benedeni

Symbion pandora

Plumatella repens

Alcyonidium gelatinosum

Porania pulvillus

Asterias amurensis

Astropecten irregularis

Stomopneustes variolaris

Mespilia globulus

Temnopleurus hardwickii

Salmacis sphaeroides

Tripneustes gratilla

Ophiopholis aculeta

Strongylocentrotus intermedius

Colobocentrotus atratus

Echinus esculentus

Sphaerechinus granularis

Psammechinus miliaris

Diadema setosum

Centrostephanus coronatus

Eucidaris tribuloides

Fellaster zelandiae

Cassidulus mitis

Echinodiscus bisperforatus

Encope aberrans

Echinocardium cordatum

Brissopsis lyrifera

Meoma ventricosa

Arbacia lixula

Asthenosoma owstoni

Psychropotes longicauda

Cucumaria sykion

Lipotrapeza vestiens

Stichopus japonicus

Ophiocanops fugiens

Amphipholis squamata

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Ophiomyxa brevirima

Ophioplocus japonicus

Astrobrachion constrictum

Antedon serrata

Endoxocrinus parrae

Eptatretus stouti

Myxine glutinosa atlantic hagfis

Petromyzon marinus

Lampetra aepyptera

Plethodon yonhalossee

Amphiuma tridactylum

Siren intermedia

Ambystoma mexicanum

Eleutherodactylus cuneatus

Hyla cinerea

Bufo valliceps

Nesomantis thomasseti

Gastrophryne carolinensis

Xenopus laevis

Scaphiopus holbrooki

Discoglossus pictus

Grandisonia alternans

Hypogeophis rostratus

Ichthyophis bannanicus

Typhlonectes natans

Homo sapiens

Mus musculus

Rattus norvegicus

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Alligator mississippiensis

Turdus migratorius

Gallus gallus

Heterodon platyrhinos

Sceloporus undulatus

Sphenodon punctatus

Pseudemys scripta

Latimeria chalumnae

Elops hawaiiensis

Megalops atlanticus

Ophichthus rex

Echiophis punctifer

Hiodon alosoides

Albula vulpes

Salmo trutta

Oncorhynchus kisutch

Cyprinus carpio

Ictalurus punctatus

Clupea harengus

Fundulus heteroclitus

Amia calva

Lepisosteus osseus

Polyodon spathula

Sebastolobus altivelis

Rhinobatos lentiginosus

Echinorhinus cookei

Squalus acanthias

Notorynchus cepedianus

Branchiostoma floridae

Halocynthia roretzi

Styela plicata

Herdmania momus

Oikopleura dioica

Doliolum nationalis

Thalia democratica

Pyrosoma atlanticum

Ciona intestinalis

Saccoglossus kowalevskii

Balanoglossus carnosus

Dicyema acuticephalum

Dicyema orientale

Sagitta elegans

Sagitta crassa

Paraspadella gotoi

Phascolosoma granulatum

Prostoma eilhardi

Haplogonaria syltensis

Atriofonta polyvacuola

Actinoposthia beklemischevi

Aphanastoma virescens

Convoluta pulchra

Anaperus tvaerminnensis

Symsagittifera psammophila

Convoluta roscoffensis

Convoluta naikaiensis

Anaperus biaculeatus

Paedomecynostomum bruneum

Postmecynostomum pictum

Childia groenlandica

Philomecynostomum lapillum

Simplicomorpha gigantorhabditis

Paratomella rubra

Dugesia subtentaculata

Dugesia ryukyuensis

Girardia tigrina

Microplana scharfii

Caenoplana caerulea

Australoplana sanguinea

Arthiopostia triangulata

Dugesia japonica

Dugesia iberica

Dugesia mediterranea

Dugesia polychroa

Cura pinguis

Neppia montana

Microplana nana

Bipalium kewense

Platydemus manokwari

Artioposthia triangulata

Dendrocoelopsis lactea

Crenobia alpina

Polycelis nigra

Phagocata ullala

Ectoplana limuli

Bipalium trilineatum

Heronimus m

ollis

Prosorhynchoides gracilescens

Stephanostomum baccatum

Zalophotrema hepaticum

Nasitrema globicephalae

Tetracerasta blepta

Fasciola gigantica

Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Fasciola hepatica

Fasciolopsis buski

Echinostoma caproni

Opisthorchis viverrini

Calicophoron calicophorum

Schistosoma japonicum

Schistosoma m

ansoni

Schistosoma spindale

Schistosoma haem

atobium

Multicotyle purvisi

Lobatostoma m

anteri

Zeuxapta seriolae

Plectanocotyle gurnardi

Diclidophora denticulata

Kuhnia scombri

Bivagina pagrosomi

Neomicrocotyle pacifica

Pseudohexabothrium taeniurae

Neopolystoma spratti

Polystomoides m

alayi

Grillotia erinaceus

Abothrium gadi

Bothriocephalus scorpii

Proteocephalus exiguus

Gyrocotyle urna

Dictyocotyle coeliaca

Calicotyle affinis

Troglocephalus rhinobatidis

Leptocotyle minor

Pseudomurraytrem

a ardens

Gyrodactylus salaris

Udonella caligorum

Encotyllabe chironemi

Bothromesostom

a personatum

Plagiostomum

cinctum

Plagiostomum

striatum

Plicastoma cuticulata

Vorticeros ijimai

Plagiostomum

vittatum

Plagiostomum

ochroleucum

Pseudostomum

klostermanni

Pseudostomum

quadrioculatum

Cylindrostoma fingalianum

Cylindrostoma gracilis

Pseudostomum

gracilis

Ulianinia mollissim

a

Reisingeria hexaoculata

Urastoma cyprinae

Archiloa rivularis

Nemertinoides elongatus

Planocera multitentaculata

Notoplana koreana

Notoplana australis

Discocelis tigrina

Pseudoceros tritriatus

Thysanozoon brocchii

Geocentrophora sphyrocephala

Geocentrophora baltica

Microstom

um lineare

Macrostom

um tuba

Stenostomum

leucops aquariorum

Stenostomum

leucops

Eubostrichus parasitiferus

Eubostrichus topiarius

Eubostrichus dianae

Chromadoropsis vivipara

Desmodora ovigera

Laxus oneistus

Laxus cosmopolitus

Stilbonema m

ajum

Robbea hypermnestra

Acanthopharynx micans

Plectus aquatilis

Plectus acuminatus

Cruznema tripartitum

Rhabditella axei

Pellioditis typica

Rhabditis blum

i

Rhabditis myriophila

Haemonchus placei

Haem

onchus similis

Haemonchus contortus

Nematodirus battus

Ostertagia ostertagi

Nippostrongylus brasiliensis

Syngamus trachea

Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Caenorhabditis briggsae

Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis vulgaris

Pelodera strongyloides

Panagrellus redivivus

Teratorhabditis palmarum

Aduncospiculum halicti

Pristionchus lheritieri

Diplogaster lethieri

Strongyloides stercoralis

Strongyloides ratti

Steinernema carpocapsae

Zeldia punctata

Cephalobus oryzae

Meloidogyne arenaria

Globodera pallida

Aphelenchus avenae

Pseudoterranova decipiens

Terranova caballeroi

Toxocara canis

Contracaecum

multipapillatum

Baylisascaris transfugaAscaris suum

Parascaris equorum

Ascaris lumbricoides

Baylisascaris procyonis

Toxascaris leonina

Porrocaecum depressum

Goezia pelagia

Iheringascaris inquies

Hysterothylacium

pelagicum

Hysterothylacium

fortalezae

Hysterothylacium

reliquens

Heterocheilus tunicatus

Cruzia am

ericana

Brumptaem

ilius justiniBrugia m

alayi

Dirofilaria im

mitis

Gnathostom

a neoprocyonis

Gnathostom

a binucleatum

Gnathostom

a turgidum

Teratocephalus lirellus

Daptonem

a procerus

Diplolaim

elloides meyli

Paracanthonchus caecus

Pontonema vulgare

Enoplus brevis

Enoplus meridionalis

Prismatolaim

us intermedius

Paratrichodorus anemones

Paratrichodorus pachydermus

Trichodorus primitivus

Merm

is nigrescens

Mylonchulus arenicolus

Xiphinema rivesi

Longidorus elongatusTrichuris m

uris

Trichinella spiralisG

ordius aquaticus

Gordius albopunctatus

Chordodes m

organi

Rhopalura ophiocom

ae

Echinorhynchus gadi

Polymorphus altm

ani

Corynosom

a enhydri

Centrorhynchus conspectus

Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus

Pomphorhynchus bulbocoli

Leptorhynchoides thecatus

Neoechinorhynchus crassus

Neoechinorhynchus pseudem

ydis

Macracanthorhynchus ingens

Moliniform

is moliniform

is

Mediorhynchus grandis

Philodina acuticornis

Brachionus plicatilis

Lepidodermella squam

mata

Gnathostom

ula paradoxaTrichoplax adhaerens

Haliplanella lucia

Flosmaris m

utsuensis

Anthopleura kuroganeAnthopleura m

idoriAnem

onia sulcata

Rhizopsam

mia m

inutaE

piactis japonicaTubastraea aurea

Antipathes galapagensis

Antipathes lata

Parazoanthus axinellae

Calicogorgia granulosa

Bellonella rigida

Euplexaura crassa

Alcyonium

gracillimum

Leioptilus fimbriatus

Virgularia gustaviana

Coryne pusilla

Hydra littoralis

Gym

nangium hians

Selaginopsis cornigera

Polypodium hydriform

eTripedalia cystophora

Atolla vanhoeffeni

Craterolophus convolvulus

Mycale fibrexilis

Microciona prolifera

Suberites ficus

Axinella polypoides

Tetilla japonicaE

unapius fragilisS

pongilla lacustrisE

phydatia muelleri

Rhabdocalyptus daw

soniS

cypha ciliataS

ycon calcaravisC

lathrina cerebrumB

eroe cucumis

Mnem

iopsis leidyiTeleaulax am

phioxeiaH

emiselm

is brunnescensH

emiselm

is virescensH

emiselm

is rufescensP

lagiomonas am

ylosaP

roteomonas sulcata

Guillardia theta

Goniom

onas truncataA

canthamoeba lenticulata

Acantham

oeba pustulosa

Acantham

oeba palestinensisA

canthamoeba griffini

Acantham

oeba pearceiA

canthamoeba hatchetti

Acantham

oeba stevensoniA

canthamoeba castellanii

Acantham

oeba lugdunensisA

canthamoeba rhysodes

Acanthamoeba royreba

Acantham

oeba polyphagaA

canthamoeba culbertsoni

Acantham

oeba healyiA

canthamoeba com

andoniA

canthamoeba tubiashi

Acantham

oeba astronyxisC

yanophora paradoxaC

yanoptyche gloeocystisG

laucocystis nostochinearumA

rthrocardia filiculaS

erraticardia macm

illaniiB

ossiella orbignianaC

alliarthron cheilosporioidesC

alliarthron tuberculosumB

ossiella californicaC

orallina officinalisC

orallina elongataJania rubens

Cheilosporum

sagittatumJania crassa

Haliptilon roseum

Metagoniolithon chara

Metagoniolithon stelliferum

Metagoniolithon radiatum

Spongites yendoi

Lithophyllum kotschyanum

Lithothrix aspergillumA

mphiroa fragilissim

aS

ynarthrophyton patenaM

esophyllum engelhartii

Mesophyllum

erubescensLithotham

nion tophiforme

Lithothamnion glaciale

Phym

atolithon laevigatumP

hymatolithon lenorm

andiiLeptophytum

acervatumLeptophytum

feroxM

astophoropsis caniculataC

lathromorphum

compactum

Clathrom

orphum parcum

Heydrichia w

oelkerlingiiS

porolithon durumR

hodogorgon carriebowensis

Audouinella pectinataAudouinella proskaueri

Audouinella asparagopsisAudouinella tetraspora

Audouinella dasyaeAudouinella endophyticaA

udouinella caespitosaAudouinella rhizoideaA

udouinella daviesiiAudouinella am

phiroaeAudouinella arcuata

Audouinella secundataAudouinella herm

anniiAudouinella tenue

Rhodophysem

a elegansD

evaleraea ramentacea

Meiodiscus spetsbergensis

Palmaria palm

ataH

alosaccion glandiforme

Rhodotham

niella floridulaC

amontagnea oxyclada

Nem

alion helminthoides

Galaxaura m

arginataR

hodochorton purpureumR

hododraparnaldia oregonicaB

atrachospermum

boryanumTuom

eya americana

Sirodotia suecica

Sirodotia huillensis

Lemanea fluviatilis

Paralemanea catenata

Batrachosperm

um gelatinosum

Batrachosperm

um helm

inthosumB

atrachospermum

turfosumP

silosiphon scopariumB

atrachospermum

macrosporum

Batrachosperm

um virgato decaisn

Batrachosperm

um louisianae

Nothocladus nodosus

Thorea violaceaG

elidium pusillum

Gelidium

latifoliumG

elidium floridanum

Gelidium

sesquipedaleG

elidium serrulatum

Gelidium

americanum

Gelidium

vagumG

riffithsia globuliferaO

nikusa pristoidesC

apreolia implexa G

elid

ium

cau

laca

nthe

umP

tero

clad

ia lu

cida

Pte

rocl

adia

cap

illace

aP

tero

clad

iella

cap

illace

aP

tero

clad

iella

mel

anoi

dea

Ptil

opho

ra p

inna

tifid

aP

tilop

hora

sub

cost

ata

Gel

idie

lla a

cero

saG

rate

loup

ia fi

licin

aC

rypt

onem

ia u

ndul

ata

Car

pope

ltis

phyl

loph

ora

Hal

ymen

ia p

lana

Seb

deni

a fla

bella

taLo

men

taria

aus

tralis

Lom

enta

ria b

aile

yana

Glo

iode

rma

frutic

ulos

aC

ham

pia

affin

isC

epha

locy

stis

furc

ella

taC

epha

locy

stis

leuc

obot

rys

Ery

thro

colo

n po

dagr

icum

Epy

men

ia w

ilson

isR

hody

men

ia li

near

isC

ordy

lecl

adia

ere

cta

Plo

cam

ioco

lax

pulv

inat

aP

loca

miu

m c

artil

agin

eum

Plo

cam

ium

ang

ustu

mG

raci

laria

ver

ruco

saG

raci

laria

pac

ifica

Gra

cila

ria ti

kvah

iae

Gra

cila

ria c

orne

aG

raci

laria

chi

lens

isM

elan

thal

ia o

btus

ata

Cur

diea

flab

ella

taG

raci

laria

lem

anei

form

isG

raci

lario

phila

ory

zoid

esS

chiz

ymen

ia d

ubyi

Mas

toca

rpus

ste

llatu

sG

igar

tina

cras

sica

ulis

Sch

otte

ra n

icae

ensi

sG

ardn

erie

lla tu

berif

era

Sar

codi

othe

ca g

audi

chau

dii

Sar

codi

othe

ca fu

rcat

aE

uche

uma

dent

icul

ata

Euc

heum

a is

iform

eK

appa

phyc

us a

lvar

ezii

Myc

hode

a ca

rnos

aA

resc

houg

ia c

onge

sta

End

ocla

dia

mur

icat

aG

leio

pelti

s fu

rcat

aP

hace

loca

rpus

pep

eroc

arpo

sN

izym

enia

aus

tralis

Sph

aero

cocc

us c

oron

opifo

lius

Farlo

wia

mol

lisD

ilsea

car

nosa

Das

yphl

oea

insi

gnis

Cal

loph

yllis

rang

iferin

aB

onne

mai

soni

a ha

mife

raC

eram

ium

mac

ilent

umC

eram

ium

rubr

umD

asya

bai

llouv

iana

Phy

codr

ys ru

bens

Rho

dom

ela

conf

ervo

ides

Ano

trich

ium

furc

ella

tum

Grif

fiths

ia m

onilis

Cro

uani

a at

tenu

ata

Hild

enbr

andi

a ru

bra

Apo

phla

ea ly

allii

Dix

onie

lla g

risea

Rho

della

mac

ulat

aB

oldi

a er

ythr

osip

hon

Ery

thro

trich

ia c

arne

aPo

rphy

ra p

seud

olin

earis

Porp

hyra

kat

adae

Porp

hyra

yez

oens

isPo

rphy

ra te

nera

Porp

hyra

leuc

ostic

taPo

rphy

ra h

aita

nens

isPo

rphy

ra d

enta

taB

angi

a at

ropu

rpur

eaPo

rphy

ra a

cant

hoph

ora

Porp

hyra

sub

orbi

cula

taPo

rphy

ra m

inia

taPo

rphy

ra u

mbi

lical

isPo

rphy

ra p

urpu

rea

Sty

lone

ma

alsi

dii

Cos

mar

ium

bot

rytis

Sph

aero

zosm

a gr

anul

atum

Cos

moc

ladi

um s

axon

icum

Gon

atoz

ygon

acu

leat

umG

enic

ular

ia s

piro

taen

iaM

esot

aeni

um c

alda

rioru

mM

ouge

otia

sca

laris

Spi

rogy

ra g

revi

llean

aZy

gnem

opsi

s ci

rcum

carin

ata

Dio

scor

ea b

ulbi

fera

Tacc

a pl

anta

gine

aC

alec

tasi

a in

term

edia

Zea

may

sO

ryza

sat

iva

Join

ville

a as

cend

ens

Spar

gani

um e

uryc

arpu

mC

yper

us a

lbos

triat

usG

lom

erop

itcai

rnia

pen

dulifl

ora

Ani

goza

ntho

s fla

vidu

sE

ichh

orni

a cr

assi

pes

Ela

sis

hirs

uta

Trad

esca

ntia

ohi

ensi

sC

ostu

s ba

rbat

usM

aran

ta b

icol

orC

alat

hea

loes

ener

iZi

ngib

er g

ram

ineu

mC

anna

indi

caH

elic

onia

indi

caR

aven

ala

mad

agas

carie

nsis

Orc

hida

ntha

fim

bria

taPh

enak

ospe

rmum

guy

anne

nse

Stre

litzi

a ni

cola

iM

usa

acum

inat

aC

aloc

hortu

s al

bus

Col

chic

um a

utum

nale

Veitc

hia

sess

ilifo

liaD

rym

ophl

oeus

sub

dist

icha

Cha

mae

dore

a se

ifriz

ii

Trac

hyca

rpus

wag

neria

nus

Cya

nella

cap

ensi

sG

ladi

olus

buc

kerv

eldi

i

Isop

hysi

s ta

sman

ica

Bow

iea

volu

bilis

Xant

horrh

oea

quad

rang

ulat

a

Asp

arag

us fa

lcat

usLe

debo

uria

soc

ialis

Chl

orop

hytu

m n

epal

ense

Alliu

m th

unbe

rgii

Euch

aris

gra

ndiflo

raB

urm

anni

a di

stic

haA

post

asia

sty

lidio

ides

Gym

nosi

phon

sua

veol

ens

Cal

la p

alus

tris

Vallis

neria

am

eric

ana

Sag

ittar

ia tr

ifolia

Anan

as c

omos

usS

cheu

chze

ria p

alus

tris

Gym

nost

achy

s an

ceps

Cor

allo

rhiz

a m

acul

ata

Aple

ctru

m h

yem

ale

Neo

ttia

nidu

s av

isEb

urop

hyto

n au

stin

ae

Onc

idiu

m s

phac

elat

um

Onc

idiu

m e

xcav

atum

Cyp

riped

ium

cal

ceol

us

Acor

us c

alam

usLi

lium

form

osan

umIlli

cium

par

viflo

rum

Schi

sand

ra c

hine

nsis

Aust

roba

ileya

sca

nden

s

Nup

har j

apon

ica

Nup

har s

him

adai

Nym

phae

a tu

bero

saAm

bore

lla tr

icho

poda

Arab

idop

sis

thal

iana

Sin

apis

alb

aC

leom

e ha

sleria

na

Pent

adip

land

ra b

razz

eana

Res

eda

alba

Gyr

oste

mon

tepp

eri

Trop

aeol

um m

ajus

Mor

inga

ole

ifera

Car

ica p

apay

a pa

paya

Floe

rkea

pro

serp

inac

oide

s

Batis

mar

itima

Pile

a ca

dier

eiEu

onym

us a

latu

sBr

exia

mad

agas

care

nsis

Parn

assi

a fim

bria

ta

Lepu

rope

talo

n sp

athu

latu

m

Alb

izzi

a ju

libris

sin

Trifo

lium

repe

nsPi

sum

sat

ivum

Gly

cine

max

Abob

ra te

nuifo

lia

Cor

allo

carp

us b

aine

sii

Luffa

qui

nque

fida

Mar

ah m

acro

carp

a

Cor

iaria

arb

orea

Dat

isca

can

nabi

na

Dat

isca

glom

erat

a

Bego

nia

glab

raH

illebr

andi

a sa

ndw

iche

nsis

Bego

nia

met

allic

a x

Bego

nia

sang

u

Bego

nia

bois

iana

Bego

nia

oxyl

oba

Oct

omel

es s

umat

rana

Tetra

mel

es n

udiflo

ra

Cro

ssos

oma

califo

rnicu

m

Mor

us a

lba

Cel

tis y

unna

nens

is

Cea

noth

us s

angu

ineu

s

Elae

agnu

s um

bella

ta

Fran

coa

sonc

hifo

lia

Gre

yia ra

dlko

feri

Zelko

va s

erra

ta

Frag

aria

ana

nass

a

Spira

ea x

van

hout

tei

Phot

inia

fras

eri

Prun

us p

ersic

a

Ric

inus

com

mun

is

Adria

na g

labr

ata

Chr

ysob

alan

us ic

aco

Lica

nia

tom

ento

sa

Linum

per

enne

Gos

sypi

um h

irsut

um

Lueh

ea s

eem

anni

i

Bom

bax

ceib

a

Koeb

erlin

ia s

pino

sa

Mun

tingi

a ca

labu

ra

Turn

era

ulm

ifolia

Dry

pete

s ro

xbur

ghii

Mal

pigh

ia c

occig

era

Mira

bilis

jala

paTe

trago

nia e

xpan

sa

Mol

lugo

ver

ticilla

ta

Phyt

olac

ca a

mer

icana

Spin

acia

ole

race

a

Plum

bago

aur

icula

ta

Polyg

onum

chi

nens

e

Coc

colo

ba u

vifer

a

Dro

sera

cap

ensis

Euph

orbi

a pu

lcher

rima

Citru

s au

rant

ium

Koel

reut

eria

pan

icula

ta

Acer

rubr

umD

illeni

a al

ata

Gun

nera

man

icata

Mkil

ua fr

agra

ns

Gua

iacu

m s

anct

um

Cep

halo

tus

follic

ular

is

Eucr

yphi

a lu

cida

Cera

tope

talum

gum

mife

rum

Sloa

nea

latifo

lia

Baue

ra ru

bioi

des

Casu

arin

a eq

uise

tifolia

Betu

la p

apyr

ifera

Alnu

s gl

utin

osa

Dend

roph

thor

a cla

vata

Phor

aden

dron

califo

rnicu

m

Phor

aden

dron

sero

tinum

Dend

roph

thor

a do

ming

ensis

Arce

utho

bium

verti

cillifl

orum

Arce

utho

bium

pen

dens

Arce

utho

bium

oxy

cedr

i

Visc

um a

lbum

Visc

um a

rticu

latu

m

Korth

alse

lla c

ompl

anat

a

Korth

alse

lla lin

dsay

i

Gina

lloa

arno

ttiana

Noto

thixo

s le

ioph

yllus

Noto

thixo

s sub

aure

us

Buck

leya

dist

ichop

hylla

Pyru

laria

pube

ra

Thes

ium im

pedit

um

Com

andr

a um

bella

ta

Geo

caulo

n liv

idum

Eubr

achio

n am

biguu

m

Exoc

arpo

s bi

dwilli

i

Nestr

onia

umbe

llula

Dend

rotro

phe

varia

ns

Dufre

noya

spha

eroc

arpa

Antid

aphn

e vis

coid

ea

Sant

alum

albu

m

Osy

ris la

nceo

lata

Opil

ia am

enta

cea

Cans

jera

lepto

stach

ya

Agon

andr

a m

acro

carp

a

Cham

pere

ia m

anilla

na

Alep

is fla

vida

Lysia

na e

xoca

rpi

Dend

rope

mon

bico

lor

Ory

ctant

hus o

ccide

ntali

s

Tripo

dant

hus a

cutifo

lius

Psitta

cant

hus a

ngus

tifoliu

s

Stru

than

thus

oer

stedii

Gaiad

endr

on p

uncta

tum

Tupe

ia an

tarc

tica

Amye

ma

glabr

um

Dipla

tia fu

rcat

a

Glob

imet

ula d

inklag

ei

Erian

them

um d

rege

i

Helix

anth

era

kirkii

Moq

uiniel

la ru

bra

Tapin

anth

us q

uinqu

angu

lus

Engle

rina

wood

fordio

ides

Agela

nthu

s san

sibar

icus

Deca

isnina

holl

rung

ii

Lora

nthus

euro

paeu

s

Ligar

ia cu

neifo

lia

Phth

irusa

pyr

ifolia

Scho

epfia

are

naria

Scho

epfia

schr

eber

i

Miso

dend

rum

brac

hysta

chyu

m

Scor

odoc

arpu

s bor

neen

sis

Stro

mbo

sia p

hilipp

inens

is

Heiste

ria co

ncinn

a

Xim

enia

amer

icana

Olax a

phyll

a

Minq

uarti

a guia

nens

is

Polyg

ala p

aucif

lora

Punic

a gra

natum

Cercid

iphyll

um ja

ponic

um

Tetra

carp

aea t

asm

anica

Halor

agis

erec

ta

Myr

iophy

llum

exalb

esce

ns

Penth

orum

sedo

ides

Dudley

a vis

cida

Kalan

choe

daigr

emon

tiana

Sedu

m ru

broti

ntum

Crass

ula m

arnie

rana

Sulliv

antia

ore

gana

Saxif

raga

mer

tensia

na

Saxif

raga

integ

rifolia

Chrys

osple

nium

iowen

se

Pelto

boyk

inia

tellim

oides

Heuch

era m

icran

tha

Boyk

inia i

nterm

edia

Itea v

irgini

ca

Pter

ostem

on ro

tundif

olius

Paeo

nia su

ffruti

cosa

Paeo

nia la

ctiflo

ra

Liquid

amba

r styr

aciflu

a

Ribes a

ureu

m

Pedic

ularis

lanc

eolat

a

Pedic

ularis

race

mos

a

Orthoc

arpu

s eria

nthus

Orthoc

arpu

s lute

us

Castill

eja m

iniat

a

Oroba

nche

mult

iflora

Oroba

nche

ludo

vician

a

Oroba

nche

fasc

iculat

a

Lathr

aea c

lande

stina

Harve

ya sp

ecios

a

Hyoba

nche

atrop

urpu

rea

Conop

holis

alpin

a

Conop

holis

amer

icana

Epifag

us vi

rgini

ana

Bosch

niakia

ross

ica

Bourre

ria su

ccule

nta

Ehreti

a cym

osa

Pholis

ma aren

arium

Cuscu

ta gro

novii

Byblis

liniflo

ra

Byblis

giga

ntea

Aesch

ynan

thus r

adica

ns

Chiono

phila

james

ii

Linar

ia vu

lgaris

Ipomoe

a hed

erace

a

Solanu

m tube

rosum

Lyco

persi

con e

scule

ntum

Montin

ia ca

ryoph

yllac

ea

Mitche

lla re

pens

Vahli

a cap

ensis

Helwing

ia jap

onica

Phyllo

noma l

aticu

spis

Panax

japo

nicus

Pana

x quin

quefo

lius

Pana

x gins

eng

Hedera

helix

Hydroc

otyle

sibtho

rpioi

des

Pittosp

orum ja

ponic

um

Ligus

ticum

chua

nxion

g

Cnidium

offic

inale

Lomati

um tri

terna

tium

Angeli

ca ac

utilob

a

Lonic

era m

aack

ii

Symph

orica

rpos a

lbus

Corokia

coton

easte

r

Escall

onia

coqu

imbe

nsis

Eremos

yne p

ectin

ata

Campa

nula

ramulo

sa

Lobe

lia er

inus

Trago

pogo

n dub

ius

Rouss

ea si

mplex

Berzeli

a lan

ugino

sa

Eucom

mia ulm

oides

Aucub

a jap

onica

Garrya

ellip

tica

Manilka

ra za

pota

Impa

tiens

palid

a

Clethra

alnif

olia

Pyrola

picta

Styrax

ameri

cana

Pteros

pora

andro

medea

Sarcod

es sa

nguin

ea

Monotr

opa u

niflor

a

Sarrac

enia

purpu

rea

Cyrilla

race

miflora

Symplo

cos p

anicu

lata

Diospy

ros vi

rginia

na

Camell

ia jap

onica

Fouq

uieria

colum

naris

Nyssa

sylva

tica

Philad

elphu

s lew

isii

Hydran

gea m

acrop

hylla

Nyssa

ogec

he

Campto

theca

acum

inata

Cornus

florid

a

Cornus

race

mosa

Cornus

offic

inalis

Tetra

centr

on sin

ense

Troch

oden

dron a

ralioid

es

Buxus

sempe

rviren

s

Sabia

swinh

oei

Nelumbo

lutea

Platan

us oc

ciden

talis

Dicentr

a exim

ia

Hypec

oum im

berba

Argemon

e mexi

cana

Staunto

nia he

xaph

ylla

Holboe

llia la

tifolia

Akebia

quina

ta

Lardi

zaba

la biter

nata

Boquila

trifoli

ata

Decais

nea f

arges

ii

Sinofra

nche

tia ch

inens

is

Sargen

todoxa

cune

ata

Euptele

a poly

andra

Tinospo

ra caf

fra

Menisp

ermum

cana

densi

s

Ranun

culus

taisa

nens

is

Ranun

culus

sardo

us

Xanthorhiza sim

plicissi

ma

Coptis trif

olia

Glaucid

ium pa

lmatum

Hydras

tis ca

nade

nsis

Caulop

hyllum

thalic

troide

s

Podop

hyllum

peltat

um

Nandin

a dom

estica

Knightia exce

lsa

Placosp

ermum

coria

ceum

Ceratop

hyllum

demers

um

Sassafra

s albidum

Calycanthus fl

oridus

Hedyos

mum ar

bores

cens

Drimys

winteri

Drimys

aromatica

Magnolia

acum

inata

Saruma h

enryi

Asarum

hayat

anum

Asarum

canad

ense

Aristolochia tomentosa

Lactor

is fern

andezi

ana

Saururu

s cern

uus

Saururus chinensis

Chloranthus spica

tus

Houttuynia cordata

Peperomia serpens

Piper kadsura

Prosopanche americana

Hydnora africana

Cytinus ru

ber

Ombrophy

tum su

bterran

eum

Scybalium jamaice

nse

Helosis ca

yennensis

Corynaea cra

ssa

Rafflesia

keithii

Rhizanthes z

ipellii

Balanophora fungosa

Langsdorffia hy

pogaea

Cynomorium cocci

neum

Pinus wallic

hiana

Pinus luchuensis

Pinus ellio

ttii

Picea mariana

Abies lasio

carpa

Larix leptolepis

Lagarostrobos fr

anklinii

Parasitaxis

ustus

Prumnopitys taxifo

lia

Phyllocla

dus hypophyllu

s

Phyllocla

dus trich

omonoides

Podocarpus costa

lis

Podocarpus elatus

Nageia nagi

Nageia falcatus

Saxegothaea conspicu

a

Microcachrys

tetragona

Microstro

bos fitzgeraldii

Podocarpus totara

Dacrycarpus d

acrydioides

Dacrycarpus im

bricatus

Dacrydium cu

pressinum

Agathis robusta

Araucaria columnaris

Araucaria heterophylla

Araucaria cunninghamii

Araucaria excelsa

Agathis borneensis

Taiwania cryptomerioides

Juniperus chinensis

Cupressus m

acrocarpa

Calocedrus formosana

Calocedrus decurrens

Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Cryptomeria japonica

Cephalotaxus wilso

niana

Torreya nucifera

Amentotaxus formosana

Taxus mairei

Sciadopitys vertic

illata

Ephedra sinica

Ephedra californica

Ephedra saxatilis

Ephedra antisyphilitica

Gnetum urens

Gnetum leyboldii

Gnetum nodiflorum

Gnetum africanum

Welwitschia mirabilis

Zamia pumila

Cycas taitungensis

Ginkgo biloba

Botrychium lunaria

Blechnum occidentale

Hypolepis muelleri

Paesia scaberula

Histiopteris incisa

Pteridium aquilinum

Dicksonia antarctica

Lonchitis hirsuta

Odontosoria chinensis

Dicranopteris linearis

Vandenboschia davallioides

Adiantum raddianum

Lygodium japonicum

Asplenium nidus

Osmunda cinnamomea

Angiopteris lygodiifolia

Ophioglossum petiolatum

Psilotum nudum

Tmesipteris tannensis

Equisetum robustum

Equisetum hyemale

Salvinia natans

Lycopodiella inundata

Lycopodium tristachyum

Huperzia lucidula

Huperzia taxifolia

Lycopodium phlegmaria

Selaginella vogelii

Selaginella umbrosa

Isoetes engelmannii

Isoetes durieui

Sphagnum cuspidatum

Sphagnum palustre

Ricciocarpos natans

Riccia fluitans

Plagiochasma rupestre

Conocephalum conicum

Reboulia hemisphaerica

Preissia quadrata

Bucegia romanica

Marchantia polymorpha

Riella helicophylla

Sphaerocarpos donnelli

Sphaerocarpus texanus

Aulacomnium androgynum

Aulacomnium turgidum

Eurhynchium hians

Blindia acuta

Wardia hygrometrica

Ulota phyllantha

Orthotrichum stramineum

Tortula ruralis

Pottia truncata

Fissidens taxifolius

Dicranum scoparium

Ptychomitrium gardneri

Plagiomnium affine

Cyrtomnium hymenophyllum

Mnium hornum

Cinclidium stygium

Pohlia cruda

Mielichhoferia bryoides

Mielichhoferia elongata

Pohlia bolanderi

Leptostomum macrocarpum

Meesia uliginosa

Leptobryum pyriforme

Tetraplodon mnioides

Splachnum luteum

Tayloria lingulata

Brachymenium pulchrum

Rhodobryum giganteum

Bryum donianum

Bryum alpinum

Bryum caespiticium

Anomobryum julaceum

Bryum argenteum

Encalypta rhapdocarpa

Bryobrittonia longipes

Scouleria aquatica

Fontinalis antipyretica

Orthodontium lineare

Bartramia stricta

Hedwigia ciliata

Rhacocarpus purpurascens

Philonotis fontana

Bartramia pomiformis

Pyrrhobryum vallis gratiae

Plagiothecium undulatum

Brachythecium rutabulum

Calliergonella cuspidata

Hypnum cupressiforme

Hylocomium splendens

Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus

Physcomitrium pyriforme

Funaria hygrometrica

Physcomitrella patens

Timmia sibirica

Jamesoniella autumnalis

Jungermannia leiantha

Calypogeia arguta

Polytrichum commune

Atrichum angustatum

Polytrichum formosum

Atrichum undulatum

Tetraphis pellucida

Andreaea rupestris

Takakia lepidozioides

Andreaea rothii

Anthoceros agrestis

Anthoceros laevis

Pellia epiphylla

Scapania nemorea

Symphyogyna brongartii

Plagiochila adiantoides

Trichocolea tomentella

Lophocolea heterophylla

Fossombronia pusilla

Fossombronia brasiliensis

Metzgeria furcata

Haplomitrium hookeri

Riccardia pinguis

Chara hornemannii

Chara curtissii

Chara hispida

Chara foetida

Chara vulgaris

Chara connivens

Chara muelleri

Chara australis

Lamprothamnium macropogon

Lamprothamnium papulosum

Lychnothamnus barbatus

Nitellopsis obtusa

Chara preissii

Nitella axillaris

Tolypella porteri

Nitella flexilis

Coleochaete scutata

Coleochaete orbicularis

Klebsormidium flaccidum

Chlorokybus atmophyticus

Raphidonema longiseta

Bracteacoccus aerius

Bracteacoccus grandis

Bracteacoccus medionucleatus

Bracteacoccus minor

Bracteacoccus giganteus

Chlorella zofingiensis

Ankistrodesmus stipitatus

Scenedesmus ovalternus

Scenedesmus producto capitatus

Scenedesmus obliquus

Scenedesmus rubescens

Scenedesmus vacuolatus

Scotiellopsis oocystiformis

Scotiellopsis terrestris

Coelastrella multistriata

Scenedesmus pupukensis

Scenedesmus costato granulatus

Scenedesmus abundans

Scenedesmus communis

Neochloris aquatica

Neochloris vigenis

Characium hindakii

Hydrodictyon reticulatum

Pediastrum duplex

Tetracystis aeriaChlorococcum echinozygotum

Chlorococcum hypnosporum

Chlamydomonas moewusii

Chlamydomonas pitschmannii

Chlamydomonas noctigama

Carteria radiosa

Carteria crucifera

Polytoma oviforme

Chlamydomonas monadina

Chlamydomonas fimbriata

Chlamydomonas rapa

Chlamydomonas asymmetrica

Hormotila blennistaGloeococcus maximus

Chlamydomonas baca

Chlamydomonas zebra

Chloromonas oogama

Chlamydomonas debaryana

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Volvox carteriPaulschulzia pseudovolvox

Polytomella parvaHafniomonas reticulata

Chloromonas serbinowi

Chlamydomonas nivalis

Chloromonas rosaeChloromonas clathrataChlamydomonas macrostellata

Chlamydomonas mutabilis

Chlamydomonas bipapillata

Chlamydomonas radiataChlorococcopsis minutaBotryococcus brauniiAscochloris multinucleata

Protosiphon botryoidesSpongiochloris spongiosaGongrosira papuasicaCharacium saccatumCharacium vacuolatumChloromonas perforataChlorococcum oleofaciensPleurastrum insigneHaematococcus zimbabwiensisPolytoma ellipticumPolytoma anomalePolytoma mirumPolytoma obtusumPolytoma uvellaPolytoma difficileChlamydomonas pulsatillaChlamydomonas humicolaChlamydomonas dysosmosDunaliella parvaDunaliella salinaAsteromonas gracilisSpermatozopsis similisMuriella auranticaChaetophora incrassataStigeoclonium helveticumFritschiella tuberosaHormotilopsis tetravacuolarisPlanophila terrestrisHormotilopsis gelatinosaChaetopeltis orbicularisOedogonium cardiacumOedocladium carolinianumOedogonium angustistomumBulbochaete hiloensisPleurastrum paucicellulareParietochloris pseudoalveolarisCharacium perforatumPleurastrum erumpensPleurastrum terrestreChlorella sorokinianaChlorella lobophoraChlorella vulgarisMuriella terrestrisChlorella kessleriChlorella minutissimaNanochlorum eucaryotumPrototheca wickerhamiiChlorella protothecoidesPrototheca zopfiiChlorella ellipsoideaChlorella mirabilisStichococcus bacillarisChoricystis minorChlorella saccharophilaChlorella luteoviridisDictyochloropsis reticulataTrebouxia jamesiiTrebouxia arboricolaTrebouxia asymmetricaTrebouxia usneaeTrebouxia impressaMyrmecia biatorellaeFriedmannia israeliensisMyrmecia astigmaticaTrebouxia magnaChlorella homosphaeraMicrothamnion kuetzingianumLeptosira obovataSiphonocladus tropicusErnodesmis verticillataCladophora proliferaCladophora coelothrixMicrodictyon boergeseniiCladophora liebetruthiiCladophora catenataCladophora socialisValonia utricularisChamaedoris peniculumCladophoropsis membranaceaCladophora pellucidaCladophoropsis zollingeriiCladophora pellucidoideaCladophora vagabundaCladophora sericeaCladophora albidaCladophora rupestrisAcetabularia dentataAcetabularia majorAcetabularia acetabulumAcicularia schenkiiPolyphysa peniculusPolyphysa parvulaNeomeris dumentosaCymopolia van bosseaeChlorocladus australasicus

Batophora occidentalisBatophora oerstediiBornetella nitidaPseudoneochloris marinaGloeotilopsis planctonicaProtoderma sarcinoideaPseudendoclonium basilienseUlothrix zonataMyrmecia bisectaTetraselmis convolutae

Tetraselmis striataScherffelia dubiaOltmannsiellopsis viridisPseudoscourfieldia marinaNephroselmis olivacea SteinMantoniella squamataCoccoid green algaAchlya bisexualisLagenidium giganteumPhytophthora megasperma

Developayella elegansHyphochytrium catenoidesCymatosira belgicaPapiliocellulus elegans

Thalassiosira eccentricaThalassiosira rotulaSkeletonema costatumSkeletonema pseudocostatumLauderia borealisPorosira glacialisChaetoceros didymus

Chaetoceros rostratusEucampia antarcticaOdontella sinensisDitylum brightwelliStreptotheca thamesisLithodesmium undulatumPseudo nitzschia pungensPseudo nitzschia multiseries

Bacillaria paxilliferNitzschia apiculataCylindrotheca closteriumAsterionellopsis glaciliaRhaphoneis belgicaeThalassionema nitzschioides

Fragilaria striatulaActinocyclus curvatulus

Coscinodiscus radiatusCorethron criophilumRhizosolenia setigeraMelosira variansAulacoseira ambiguaAulacoseira distansStephanopyxis broschiiGiraudyopsis stelliferaSaccorhiza polyschides

Desmarestia ligulataChorda tomentosaSporochnus comosusCostaria costataHizikia fusiformisMyagropsis myagroides

Sargassum macrocarpum

Sargassum confusum

Sargassum horneriCoccophora langsdorfii

Cystoseira hakodatensis

Fucus distichusFucus gardneriPelvetia babingtoniiEctocarpus siliculosus

Scytosiphon lomentaria

Botrydium stoloniferum

Tribonema aequaleHeterothrix debilisBotrydiopsis intercedens

Vaucheria bursataVacuolaria virescens

Heterosigma akashiwo

Chattonella subsalsa

Sarcinochrysis marina

Aureomonas lagunensis

Coccoid pelagophyte

Pelagomonas calceolata

Pelagococcus subviridis

Aureococcus anophagefferens

Coccoid stramenopile

Tessellaria volvocina

Mallomonas rasilis

Mallomonas papillosa

Synura petersenii

Synura glabraSynura sphagnicola

Synura spinosaSynura mammillosa

Mallomonas caudata

Mallomonas matvienkoae

Mallomonas akrokomos

Synura uvellaMallomonas annulata

Mallomonas striata

Mallomonas adamas

Mallomonas splendens

Chrysonephele palustris

Ochromonas danica

Paraphysomonas vestita

Oikomonas mutabilis

Hibberdia magnaChromulina chromophila

Paraphysomonas foraminifera

Nannochloropsis granulata

Nannochloropsis oculata

Nannochloropsis salina

Apedinella radians

Pteridomonas danica

Pseudopedinella elastica

Rhizochromulina cf marina

Ciliophrys infusionum

Dictyocha speculum

Thraustochytrium kinnei

Labyrinthuloides haliotidis

Ulkenia profunda

Labyrinthuloides minuta

Syluania monomastiga

Cafeteria roenbergensis

Blastocystis hominis

Proteromonas lacertae

Loxodes magnus

Loxodes striatus

Blepharisma americanum

Eufolliculina uhligi

Climacostomum virens

Spirostomum ambiguum

Tetrahymena nanneyi

Tetrahymena hyperangularis

Tetrahymena pigmentosa

Tetrahymena patula

Tetrahymena capricornis

Tetrahymena hegewischi

Tetrahymena australis

Tetrahymena thermophila

Tetrahymena malaccensis

Tetrahymena borealis

Tetrahymena canadensis

Tetrahymena pyriformis

Tetrahymena tropicalis

Tetrahymena corlissi

Tetrahymena empidokyrea

Glaucoma chattoni

Colpidium campylum

Ophryoglena catenula

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Opisthonecta henneguyi

Vorticella microstoma

Vorticella convallaria

Paramecium tetraurelia

Uronema marinum

Cohnilembus verminus

Pseudocohnilembus marinus

Anophyroides haemophila

Cyclidium plouneouri

Cyclidium glaucoma

Cyclidium porcatum

Plagiopyla nasuta

Plagiopyla frontata

Trimyema compressum

Prorodon teres

Oxytricha granulifera

Onychodromus quadricornutus

Oxytricha nova

Stylonychia pustulata

Metopus palaeformis

Nyctotherus cordiformis

Nyctotherus ovalis

Nyctotherus velox

Metopus contortus

Euplotes aediculatus

Diplodinium dentatum

Polyplastron multivesiculatum

Eudiplodinium maggii

Epidinium caudatum

Ophryoscolex purkynjei

Entodinium caudatum

Dasytricha ruminantium

Isotricha intestinalis

Didinium nasutum

Homalozoon vermiculare

Loxophyllum utriculariae

Bursaria truncatella

Colpoda inflata

Obertrumia georgiana

Furgasonia blochmanni

Pseudomicrothorax dubius

Trithigmostoma steini

Discophrya collini

Uronema acuminata

Minchinia teredinis

Haplosporidium costale

Haplosporidium nelsoni

Haplosporidium louisiana

Urosporidium crescens

Babesia bovis

Babesia bigemina

Babesia caballi

Babesia divergens

Babesia odocoilei

Babesia canis

Theileria parva

Theileria annulata

Theileria taurotragi

Theileria velifera

Theileria buffeli

Theileria sergenti

Theileria cervi

Theileria mutans

Cytauxzoon felis

Babesia equi

Babesia rodhaini

Babesia microti

Sarcocystis tenella

Sarcocystis arieticanis

Sarcocystis cruzi

Sarcocystis gigantea

Sarcocystis hirsuta

Sarcocystis buffalonis

Sarcocystis fusiformis

Sarcocystis hominis

Sarcocystis aucheniae

Toxoplasma gondii

Neospora caninum

Isospora ohioensis

Isospora suis

Isospora belli

Sarcocystis muris

Frenkelia glareoli

Frenkelia microti

Sarcocystis neurona

Eimeria tenella

Eimeria necatrix

Eimeria acervulina

Eimeria praecox

Eimeria mitis

Eimeria brunetti

Eimeria nieschulzi

Eimeria bovis

Plasmodium berghei

Plasmodium vivax

Plasmodium fragile

Plasmodium inui

Plasmodium knowlesi

Plasmodium cynomolgi

Plasmodium simium

Plasmodium malariae

Plasmodium falciparum

Plasmodium reichenowi

Plasmodium floridense

Plasmodium mexicanum

Plasmodium gallinaceum

Plasmodium lophurae

Plasmodium ovale

Cryptosporidium parvum

Cryptosporidium wrairi

Cryptosporidium baileyi

Cryptosporidium muris

Cryptosporidium serpentis

Prorocentrum emarginatum

Prorocentrum arenarium

Prorocentrum lima

Prorocentrum maculosum

Prorocentrum concavum

Alexandrium tamarense

Alexandrium fundyense

Alexandrium minutum

Alexandrium ostenfeldii

Alexandrium margalefeii

Pyrocystis noctiluca

Fragilidium subglobosum

Ceratocorys horrida

Ceratium tenue

Ceratium fusus

Amphidinium belauense

Gonyaulax spinifera

Crypthecodinium cohnii

Gymnodinium beii

Gymnodinium simplex

Symbiodinium corculorum

Symbiodinium meandrinae

Symbiodinium pilosum

Symbiodinium microadriaticum

Gloeodinium viscum

Prorocentrum panamensis

Gymnodinium fuscum

Lepidodinium viride

Gymnodinium catenatum

Gyrodinium impudicum

Cachonina hallii

Heterocapsa triquetra

Gymnodinium sanguineum

Scrippsiella nutricula

Prorocentrum micans

Prorocentrum mexicanum

Prorocentrum minimum

Pentapharsodinium tyrrhenicum

Gymnodinium mikimotoi

Cryptoperidonopis brodyi

Pfiesteria piscicida

Amyloodinium ocellatum

Noctiluca scintillans

Perkinsus marinus

Gymnochlora stellata

Lotharella vacuolata

Chlorarachnion CCMP242

Rhinomonas pauca

Storeatula major

Rhodomonas abbreviata

Rhodomonas salina

Rhodomonas mariana

Cryptomonas CCMP325

Geminigera cryophila

Komma caudata

Chilomonas paramecium

Ammonia beccarii

Sorites orbiculus

Entamoeba dispar

Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba gingivalis

Lotharella globosa

Chlorarachnion reptans

Pedinomonas minutissima

Unnamed chlorarachniophyte CCMP

Unnamed chlorarachniophyte

Dictyostelium discoideum

Physarum polycephalum

Trypanosoma boissoni

Trypanosoma triglae

Trypanosoma rotatorium

Trypanosoma therezieni

Trypanosoma mega

Trypanosoma scelopori

Trypanosoma varani

Trypanosoma avium

Trypanosoma bennetti

Trypanosoma theileri

Trypanosoma grayi

Trypanosoma musculi

Trypanosoma lewisi

Trypanosoma m

icroti

Trypanosoma cruzi

Trypanosoma rangeli

Trypanosoma vespertilionis

Trypanosoma pestanai

Trypanosoma congolense

Trypanosoma sim

iae

Trypanosoma evansi

Trypanosoma equiperdum

Trypanosoma brucei

Blastocrithidia culicis

Crithidia oncopelti

Herpetomonas roitm

ani

Phytomonas serpens

Herpetomonas m

ariadeanei

Leishmania guyanensis

Leishmania tarentolae

Endotrypanum m

onterogeii

Leishmania m

ajor

Leishmania am

azonensis

Leishmania donovani

Crithidia fasciculata

Herpetomonas m

uscarum

Herpetomonas m

egaseliae

Herpetomonas sam

uelpessoai

Bodo caudatus

Trypanoplasma borreli

Rhynchobodo U67183

Dimastigella trypaniform

is

Petalomonas cantuscygni

Peranema trichophorum

Khawkinea quartana

Lepocinclis ovum

Lepocinclis ovata

Euglena gracilis

Hexamita inflata

Trepomonas agilis

Spironucleus muris

Giardia ardeae

Giardia m

icroti

Giardia intestinalis

Giardia duodenalis

Giardia lam

blia

Giardia m

uris

Nosema necatrix

Vairimorpha necatrix

Nosema oulem

ae

Nosema vespula

Nosema ceranae

Nosema apis

Nosema trichoplusiae

Nosema bom

bycis

Nosema furnacalis

Encephalitozoon hellem

Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Septata intestinalis

Enterocytozoon bieneusi

Enterocytozoon salmonis

Vittaforma corneae

Endoreticulatus schubergi

Ameson m

ichaelis

Glugea anom

ala

Glugea stephani

Glugea atherinae

Pleistophora anguillarum

Vavraia oncoperae

Spraguea lophii

Glugea am

ericanus

Visvesvaria acridophagus

Visvesvaria algerae

Culicosporella lunata

Amblyospora stim

uli

Edhazardia aedis

Amblyospora californica

Parathelohania anophelis

Antonospora scoticae

Protists

ArchaeaBacteria

You are here

Animals

Fungi

Plants

Page 2: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

your Introduction

• My name is ................,

• I am Bachelor/Master/Ph.D student in 1st/2nd/ Year.

• why are you here ?

• what are your expectations and what you want to learn

Page 3: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Course formatTitle Bioinformatics

Code MTAT.03.239

Language English

Lecturer Balaji, others from BIIT

Lectures Thursday 12:15-14:00

Practicals Thursday 14:15-16:00

PlaceJ. Liivi 2 - 512, Department of Computer Science

Page 4: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

11 Lectures 22h

10 Practicals 20h

10 Home work 30h

Personal preparation 20h

Project 50h

Exam preparation & Exam 18h

Total 160 Hours

Course format

Page 5: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Course outline• Course page : http://courses.cs.ut.ee/2014/bi/

• Course dates : 04th Sep. 2014 to 31 Jan 2015

• Christmas holidays

• Grades 6 ECTS = 100 points

• 10 - quiz

• 30 - Home assignment

• 35 - Project (deadline 25th January 2015)

• 25 - Exam (Date December or January 2015, Time 12:15)

Page 6: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Simple rules

• Attending lectures, practice sessions, exercises are compulsory

• Actively participate in discussions

• Expect quiz and questions

• Any problems, complaints or questions mail me

Page 7: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Course format

• We will follow https://www.coursera.org/course/bioinformatics and the course text book http://bioinformaticsalgorithms.com/

• There will be 10 theory lectures, correspond to 10 practice

• Home works will be in http://rosalind.info.

• Be prepared there will be quiz in each lecture.

Page 8: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Aim of the course

• To introduce the concepts and principles of bioinformatics, starting from biological problem to algorithmic methods

• What do you learn from this course?

• Understand the concept of Integrative analysis involving Biology, Statistics, Mathematics and computer science

• Data management and Data analysis

• Ideas to develop and understand biological, statistical, computational problems and apply your algorithmic or analysis skills to solve a biological problem

Page 9: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Requirement for this course

Page 10: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

BioInformatics

• Vast amount of information being generated - especially DNA sequencing

• species, many humans (medical)

• critical part - computational analysis of the data

• computational analysis is the bottle neck

• great demand for individuals with bioinformatics knowledge

Page 11: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

BioInformatics

• background in mathematics, cs, .. “any discipline”… should understand biological problem in your own perspective

• year 2000, Human genome announced

• what changed after human genome?

• Biology - Evolution

• Current scenario - big data, integrative analysis, different experimental data, complex studies, to improve human health or for better yielding crops

Page 12: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

What does bioinformatics mean for you?

Page 13: Introduction lecture 2014 - Arvutiteaduse instituut · 2014-09-08 · Bioinformatics Course Bacillus coagulans Staph ylococcus aureus Enterococcus sulfureus Streptococcus bo vis Lactobacillus

Home work ?

• Write an essay or your point of view on the topics below.

• Question : What is the field of Bioinformatics interesting for you. What are the greatest achievements in this field in the past two decades (list maximum of five). Describe briefly the current existing challenges (maximum of three) and suggest some ways to solve at least one problem.

• Write 2-3 pages report. Read and interpret. Don't copy the text from web or from your friends.

• Peer-reviewed by your course mates.