introduction learning and behavior the language of learning and behavior
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INTRODUCTION Learning and Behavior The Language of Learning and Behavior Behavioral and Cognitive Languages The World and the Laboratory Antecedents, Behavior, Consequences Stimuli and Responses Behavior Hierarchies. What does it mean to talk about behavior?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
INTRODUCTION
Learning and Behavior
The Language of Learning and Behavior Behavioral and Cognitive Languages The World and the Laboratory
Antecedents, Behavior, Consequences Stimuli and Responses Behavior Hierarchies
•We evolved because of what our ancestors could do.
•Everything about them -- nervous system, sensory systems, skeleton and muscles and guts, etc., etc. -- evolved in the service of their behavior.
•It’s as easy as ABC:
•We will describe behavior in the language of Antecedents and Behavior and Consequences.
•Antecedents - Behavior - Consequences
•Here are singular and plural versions:
•one stimulus --- one response
• two stimuli --- two responses
•(some speak of behavior and behaviors, but behavior is already a collective word and we will usually prefer kinds of behavior to making it a plural)
A Behavior Taxonomy
Observing BehaviorPresenting StimuliArranging ConsequencesSignaling Events and Procedures Signaling Stimulus Presentations Signaling Consequences
Establishing the Effectiveness of ConsequencesSummary
A Behavior Taxonomy
Observing Behavior: Köhler
Presenting Stimuli: Tinbergen
Arranging Consequences: Thorndike
Signaling Events and Procedures
Signaling Stimulus Presentations: Pfungst (Clever Hans)
Signaling Consequences: Pavlov
Establishing the Effectiveness of Consequences: Skinner
The Three-Term Contingency
In the presence of S1, R1 produces C1
In the presence of S2, R2 produces C2
S = StimulusR = Response
C= Consequence
When R1 in the presence of S1 differs from R2 in the presence of S2, we say the organism discriminates S1 from S2
•Figuring out which of these procedures goes into creating some example of behavior is doing a behavior analysis.
•Putting them together to create new behavior is doing a behavior synthesis.