introduction - dutch birding · 2018-01-04 · a complete guide to antarctic wildlife, the birds...

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Introduction I have endeavoured to keep typos, errors, omissions etc in this list to a minimum, however when you find more I would be grateful if you could mail the details during 2018 & 2019 to: [email protected]. Please note that this and other Reference Lists I have compiled are not exhaustive and are best employed in conjunction with other sources. Grateful thanks to Ashley Fisher (www.scillypelagics.com) for the cover images. All images © the photographer. Joe Hobbs Index The general order of species follows the International Ornithologists' Union World Bird List (Gill, F. & Donsker, D. (eds.) 2017. IOC World Bird List. Available from: http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ [version 7.3 accessed August 2017]). Version Version 1.10 (January 2018). Cover Main image: Great Shearwater. At sea 3’ SW of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly. 8th August 2009. Picture by Ashley Fisher. Vignette: Sooty Shearwater. At sea off the Isles of Scilly. 14th August 2009. Picture by Ashley Fisher. Species Page No. Audubon's Shearwater [Puffinus lherminieri] 34

Balearic Shearwater [Puffinus mauretanicus] 28

Bannerman's Shearwater [Puffinus bannermani] 37

Barolo Shearwater [Puffinus baroli] 38

Black-vented Shearwater [Puffinus opisthomelas] 30

Boyd's Shearwater [Puffinus boydi] 38

Bryan's Shearwater [Puffinus bryani] 29

Buller's Shearwater [Ardenna bulleri] 15

Cape Verde Shearwater [Calonectris edwardsii] 12

Christmas Island Shearwater [Puffinus nativitatis] 23

Cory's Shearwater [Calonectris borealis] 9

Flesh-footed Shearwater [Ardenna carneipes] 21

Fluttering Shearwater [Puffinus gavia] 32

Galápagos Shearwater [Puffinus subalaris] 37

Great Shearwater [Ardenna gravis] 22

Heinroth's Shearwater [Puffinus heinrothi] 37

Hutton's Shearwater [Puffinus huttoni] 33

Little Shearwater [Puffinus assimilis] 38

Macaronesian Shearwater [Puffinus sp.] 36

Manx Shearwater [Puffinus puffinus] 24

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Newell's Shearwater [Puffinus newelli] 31

Persian Shearwater [Puffinus persicus] 35

Pink-footed Shearwater [Ardenna creatopus] 20

Rapa Shearwater [Puffinus myrtae] 32

Scopoli's Shearwater [Calonectris diomedea] 7

Short-tailed Shearwater [Ardenna tenuirostris] 18

Sooty Shearwater [Ardenna grisea] 16

Streaked Shearwater [Calonectris leucomelas] 6

Subantarctic Shearwater [Puffinus elegans] 38

Townsend's Shearwater [Puffinus auricularis] 30

Tropical Shearwater [Puffinus bailloni] 36

Wedge-tailed Shearwater [Ardenna pacifica] 13

Yelkouan Shearwater [Puffinus yelkouan] 27

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Relevant Publications Ashmole, N.P. & Ashmole, M.J. 1967. Comparative Feeding Ecology of Sea Birds of a Tropical

Oceanic Island. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University. Bauer, K.M. & Glutz von Blotzheim, U.N. (eds.) 1966. Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas bd.I.

Frankfurt am Main. Beaman, M. 1994. Palearctic birds: a checklist of the birds of Europe, North Africa and Asia north of

the foothills of the Himalayas. Harrier Publications, Stonyhurst, Lancashire. Blomdahl, A. et al. 2003 & 2007. Flight Identification of European Seabirds. Christopher Helm, A & C

Black, London. Brooke, M. 1990. The Manx Shearwater. T. & A.D. Poyser. Brooke, M. 2004. Albatrosses and Petrels across the World. Oxford University Press, Oxford & New

York. Clarke, T. et al. 2006. Birds of the Atlantic Islands. Christopher Helm, A & C Black, London. Cramp, S. & Simmons, K.E.L. (eds.) 1977. Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and

North Africa, The Birds of the Western Palearctic, Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford University Press.

Cramp, S. et al. 1974. The Seabirds of Britain and Ireland. Collins, London. Croxall, J.P. (ed.) 1991. Seabird Status and Conservation: A Supplement. ICBP / BirdLife Technical

Publication Series 11. Croxall, J.P. (ed.) 2009. Seabirds: Feeding Ecology and Role in Marine Ecosystems. Cambridge

University Press. del Hoyo, J. et al. (eds.) 1992. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 1. Ostrich to Ducks. Lynx

Edicions, Barcelona. Enticott, J. & Tipling, D. 1997. Photographic Handbook of the Seabirds of the World. New Holland. Falla, R.A. et al. 1987. Collins Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. Collins, Auckland and London. Garner, M. et al. 2008. Frontiers in Birding. BirdGuides Ltd., Sheffield. Gaston, A.J. 2004. Seabirds: A Natural History. T. & A.D. Poyser, A & C Black, London. Harrison, P. 1983 & revised edition 1985. Seabirds: an identification guide. Croom Helm. Harrison, P. 1987. Seabirds of the World A Photographic Guide. Christopher Helm, London. Howell, S.N.G. 2012. Petrels, Albatrosses & Storm-Petrels of North America: A Photographic Guide.

Princeton University Press, New Jersey and Oxfordshire. Howell, S.N.G. et al. 2014. Rare Birds of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton and

Oxford. Hume, R. & Pearson, B. 1993. Seabirds. Hamlyn Bird Behaviour Guides. Hamlyn, London. King, W.B. (ed.) 1974. Pelagic Studies of Seabirds in the Central and Eastern Pacific Ocean.

Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington. Kuroda, N. 1954. On the Classification and Phylogeny of the order Tubinares, particularly the

shearwaters (Puffinus), with special consideration on their osteology and habitat differentiation. Privately published, Tokyo.

Lewington, I. et al. 1991. A Field Guide to the Rare Birds of Britain and Europe. HarperCollins. Lloyd, C. et al. 1991. The Status of Seabirds in Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser, London. Löfgren, L. 1984. Ocean birds: their breeding biology and behaviour. Croom Helm, Beckenham. Mason, J.W. et al. 2007. At-sea distribution and abundance of seabirds off southern California: a 20-

year comparison. Cooper Ornithological Society. Marchant, S. & Higgins, P. (eds) 1990. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds

Volume 1: Ratites to Ducks. Part A: Ratites to Petrels. Oxford University Press, Australia. McSorley, C.A. et al. 2008. Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus Evening Rafting Behaviour Around

Colonies on Skomer, Rum and Bardsey. Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report Series 406. Mitchell, I.P. et al. 2004. Seabird Populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser / A. & C. Black,

London. Mulder, C.P.H. et al. (eds.) 2011. Seabird Islands Ecology, Invasion, and Restoration. Oxford

University Press, USA. Newton, A. 2010. The Great Shearwater In Scottish Waters (1900). Kessinger Publishing, LLC.

[facsimile reprint]. Onley, D. & Bartle, S. 1999. Identification of Seabirds of the Southern Ocean: A Guide for Scientific

Observers Aboard Fishing Vessels. Te Papa Press. Onley, D. & Scofield, P. 2007. Albatrosses, Petrels and Shearwaters of the World. Christopher Helm,

A & C Black, London. Parkin, D.T. & Knox, A.G. 2010. The Status of Birds in Britain & Ireland. Christopher Helm, London. Parkinson, B. 2001 & 2007. Field Guide to New Zealand Seabirds. New Holland Publishers.

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Paterson, A. 2012. Pelagic Birds of the North Atlantic: an identification guide. New Holland. Paterson, A.M. 1997. Las aves marinas de España y Portugal [Seabirds of Spain and Portugal with

English summaries]. Lynx Edicons, Barcelona. Pratt, H.D. et al. 1987. The Birds of Hawaii and the Tropical Pacific. Princeton University Press. Robb, M. et al. 2008. Petrels night and day. The Sound Approach, Poole, Dorset. Ruiz, A. & Martí, R. (eds.) 2004. La Pardela Balear [The Balearic Shearwater]. SEO/BirdLIfe -

Consellería de Medi Ambient del Govern de les Illes Balears. Madrid. Schreiber, E.A. & Burger, J. 2002. Biology of Marine Birds. CRC Press. Shirihai, H. & Jarrett, B. 2002. A Complete Guide to Antarctic Wildlife, The Birds and Marine

Mammals of the Antarctic Continent and Southern Ocean. Alula Press Oy, Finland. Shirihai, H. & Jarrett, B. 2007. A Complete Guide to Antarctic Wildlife Birds and Marine Mammals of

the Antarctic Continent and Southern Ocean, 2nd edition. A & C Black, London. Sinclair, I. & Langrand, O. 2003 & 2013. Birds of the Indian Ocean Islands: Madagascar, Mauritius,

Réunion, Rodrigues, Seychelles and the Comoros. New Holland. Snow, D.W. & Perrins, C.M. (eds.) 1998. The Birds of the Western Palearctic Concise Edition

Volume 1, Non-Passerines. Oxford University Press. Spear, L.B. et al. 2007. Foraging Dynamics of Seabirds in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean.

Cooper Ornithological Society. Telfer, T.C. 1983. Hawaiian dark-rumped petrel and Newell's manx shearwater recovery plan.

University of Michigan Library. Tuck, G.S. & Heinzel, H. 1978. A Field Guide to the Seabirds of Britain and the World. Collins. van Duivendijk, N. 2010. Advanced Bird ID Guide, The Western Palearctic. New Holland. van Duivendijk, N. 2011. Advanced Bird ID Handbook, The Western Palearctic. New Holland. van Perlo, B. 2011. Collins Field Guide: Birds of New Zealand, Hawaii, Central and West Pacific.

Harper Collins. Vermeer, K. et al. (eds.) 1993. The Status, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Birds in the North

Pacific. Canadian Wildlife Service Special Publication, Ottawa. Vinicombe, K. et al. 1989. The Macmillan Field Guide to Bird Identification. Macmillan Press, London

and Basingstoke. Vinicombe, K. et al. 2014. The Helm Guide to Bird Identification. Christopher Helm, London. Watson, G.E. 1975. Birds of the Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic. American Geophysical Union,

Washington D.C. General Notes Austin, J.J. et al. 1996. Molecular phylogenetics of Puffinus shearwaters: preliminary evidence from

mitochondiral cytochrome-b gene sequences. Molecular and Phylogenetic Evolution 6: 77-88. Austin, J.J. et al. 2004. A global molecular phylogeny of the small Puffinus shearwaters and

implications for systematics of the Little-Audubon’s complex. The Auk 121(3): 847-864. Baillon, F. & Dubois, P. 1992. Seawatching from Cape Verde, Senegal. Birding World 49(12): 440-

442. Ballance, D.K. 2004. Birdwatching from cargo ships. British Birds 97(1): 16-26. Bonaccorsi, G. 2003. Les procellariiformes (Diomedeidae, Procellariidae et Hydrobatidae) non

nicheurs en Méditerranée occidentale: une synthèse [Non-breeding procellariiformes (Diomedeidae, Procellariidae and Hydrobatidae) in the western Mediterranean]. Alauda 71(1): 1-7.

Bourne, W.R.P. & Loveridge, A. 1978. Small Shearwaters from Ascension and St. Helena, South Atlantic Ocean. Ibis 120: 65-66.

Bourne, W.R.P. 1986. Late summer distribution off the west coast of Europe. Irish Birds 3(2): 175-198.

Bourne, W.R.P. 1995. The movements of Bulwer's Petrel and the larger shearwaters in the Atlantic Ocean. Sea Swallow 44: 49-52.

Brazil, M.A. 1993. Seabirding in Japan. Dutch Birding 15(4): 160-166. Burruti, A. 1990. On two indeterminate shearwaters from South African waters. Bulletin of the British

Ornithologists' Club 110: 66-70. Buurman, D. & Shirihai, H. 2003. Kaikoura, New Zealand: the World’s No.1 site for seabirds and

marine mammals. Birding World 16(4): 161-172. Clarke, T. 1999. Autumn 1998 on the Azores. Birding World 12(5): 205-212 (206). Cooper, J. & Baker, G.B. 2008. Identifying candidate species for inclusion within the Agreement on

the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels. Marine Ornithology 36: 1-8. Falla, R.A. 1960. Oceanic birds as dispersal agents. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,

Biological Sciences 152: 655-659.

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Flood, B. & Fisher, A. 2008. Short-range pelagic birding trips off the Isles of Scilly in August 2008. Birding World 21(8): 340-346.

Fraser, M. 2004. ListCheck: Classification - Tubenoses. Birdwatch 149: 13. Fraser, M. 2004. ListCheck: Shearwaters - Genus Puffinus. Birdwatch 150: 11. Fraser, M. 2010. ListCheck: Extinctions: Lava Shearwater and Dune Shearwater. Birdwatch 216: 47. Friesen, V.L. et al. 2007. Mechanisms of population differentiation in seabirds. Molecular Ecology

16(9): 1765-1785. Gantlett, S. 1998. Bird forms in Britain. Birding World 11(6): 232-239. Gantlett, S. 1999. The 1999 Scillonian pelagic. Birding World 12(8): 315. Grubb, T.C. 1972. Smell and Foraging in Shearwaters and Petrels. Nature 237: 404-405. Heidrich, P. et al. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships in Mediterranean and North Atlantic shearwaters

(Aves : Procellariidae) based on nucleotide sequences of mtDNA. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 26: 145-170.

Hoffman, W. et al. 1981. The Ecology of Seabird Feeding Flocks in Alaska. The Auk 98(3): 437-456. Holmström, N. 2005. A birding trip to the Salvage Islands. Birding World 18(8): 325-337. Howell, S.N.G. et al. 1994. Identification of Manx-type Shearwaters in the eastern Pacific. Western

Birds 25: 169-177. Imber, M.J. 1971. Filoplumes of petrels and shearwaters. New Zealand Journal of Marine and

Freshwater Research 5(3-4): 396-403. Imber, M.J. 1976. The Origin of Petrel Stomach Oils: A Review. The Condor 78(3): 366-369. Jolliffe, R. 1990. Seabirds off the Salvage Islands. Birding World 3(1): 34-37. Keitt, B.S. & Tershy, B.R. 2003. Cat eradication significantly decreases shearwater mortality. Animal

Conservation 6: 307-308. Martin, A.R. 1986. Feeding association between dolphins and shearwaters around the Azores

Islands. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64(6): 1372-1374. McGeehan, A. 2001. Autumn seawatching in Ireland. Dutch Birding 23(3): 119-131. Millington, R. 2008. Seabird splits in the Western Palearctic. Birding World 21(5): 214-215. Miskelly, C.M. et al. 2009. Translocations of eight species of burrow-nesting seabirds (genera

Pterodroma, Pelecanoides, Pachyptila and Puffinus: Family Procellariidae). Biological Conservation 142: 1965-1980.

Mitchell, D. 2011. Birds of Britain: subspecies checklist v1.1. [online PDF]. Available from: http://www.birdwatch.co.uk/categories/articleitem.asp?cate=22&topic=155&item=800 [Accessed July 2011].

Monteiro, L.R. et al. 1996. Past and present status and conservation of the seabirds breeding in the Azores Archipelago. Biological Conservation 78(3): 319-328.

Mulder, R.J.W. 2011. Seabirding of southern Portugal. Dutch Birding 33(4): 223-228. Nicholson, E.M. 1952. Shearwaters in the English Channel. British Birds 45(2): 41-55. Nunn, G.B. & Stanley, S.E. 1998. Body size effects and rates of cytochrome-b evolution in tube-

nosed seabirds. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15(10): 1360-1371. Olson, S.L. & James, H.F. 1982. Prodromus of the fossil avifauna of the Hawaiian Islands.

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 365. O'Sullivan, O. 2005. Discover birds: Shearwaters - Extraordinary seabirds. Wings 38: 24-26. Penhallurick, J. & Wink, M. 2004. Analysis of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the

Procellariiformes based on complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Emu 104(2): 125-147.

Pettit, T.N. et al. 1985. Basal Metabolic Rate in Tropical Seabirds. The Auk 102(1): 172-174. Pollock, C.M. 1994. Observations on the distribution of seabirds off south-west Ireland. Irish Birds

5(2): 173-182. Portier, B. 1999. Autumn seawatching in northern France in the 1990s. Birding World 12(8): 334-338. Rando, J.C. & Alcover, J.A. 2010. Evidence for a second Western Palearctic seabird extinction

during the last millennium: the Lava Shearwater Puffinus olsoni. Ibis 150: 188-192. Rando, J.C. & Alcover, J.A. 2010. On the extinction of the Dune Shearwater Puffinus holeae from

the Canary Islands. Journal of Ornithology 151: 365-369. Sangster, G. et al. 1999. Dutch avifaunal list: species concepts, taxonomic instability, and taxonomic

changes in 1977-1998. Ardea 87(1): 139-166. Shirihai, H. 2003. World of birds: Pelagic odyssey. Birdwatch 135: 36-41. Shirihai, H. 2009. The Zino's Petrel at sea expedition II - and the best pelagic birding in the Western

Palearctic. Birding World 22(5): 204-218. Stagg, A. 2000. Shearwater passage along the north Cyprus coast. Sandgrouse 22(2): 125.

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Valeiras, J. 2003. Attendance of scavenging seabirds at trawler discards off Galicia, Spain. Scientia Marina 67(s.2): 77-82.

Velasco, M.C. 2013. Mystery shearwater in Canary Islands in December 2012. Dutch Birding 35(3): 186-189.

Wallace, D.I.M. & Bourne, W.R.P. 1981. Seabird movements along the east coast of England. British Birds 74(10): 417-426.

Ward, M. 1999. Pelagics: On the crest of a wave. Birdwatch 86: 28-30. Wynn, R.B. & Knefelkamp, B. 2004. Seabird distribution and oceanic upwelling off northwest Africa.

British Birds 97(7): 323-335. Young, S. 2012. Where to photograph birds: Scilly pelagics. Birdwatch 242: 60. Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas [Temminck 1835, seas of Japan and Nagasaki Bay]. Breeding: Islands off Hokkaido (N Japan) and S thru Izu Islands, Daito Islands, Ryukyu & Senkuku group (Japan region, NW Pacific) to Pescadores Island (Taiwan) and islands off E China, Korea & SE Russia. Non-breeding: South China Sea and seas around Philippines, Indonesia & New Guinea S to N Australia. Other names: White-faced Shearwater, White-fronted Shearwater, Streak-headed Shearwater. 1st WP Record: 21st June 1992. Off the North Beach, Eilat, Gulf of Aqaba, Israel. John Morgan and Hadoram Shirihai, two or possibly three individuals that remained until the 18th September at least (Morgan & Shirihai 1992). Anderson, R.C. & Baldock, M. 2001. New records of birds from the Maldives, with notes on other

species. Forktail 17: 67-73. Brazil, M.A. 1993. Seabirding in Japan. Dutch Birding 15(4): 160-166 (plate 95, p. 162). Carter, M. 1983. Streaked Shearwaters in northern Australia. Australian Bird Watcher 10: 113-121. Cheshire, N. 2010. Procellariiformes observed around Papua New Guinea including the Bismarck

Archipelago from 1985 to 2007. South Australian Ornithologist 36(1-2): 9-24 (16). Cooper, D. & Kay, B. 2010. Autumn bird migration on Hegura-jima, Japan. Birding World 23(8): 355-

364 (plate 2, p. 356). Faulkner, D. 2006. A Streaked Shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) record for Wyoming. North

American Birds 60(3): 324-326. Fraser, M. 2007. ListCheck: Relationships - Calonectris shearwaters. Birdwatch 177: 55. Gómez-Díaz, E. et al. 2006. Phylogeography of the Calonectris shearwaters using molecular and

morphometric data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41: 322-332. Lee, K-G. & Yoo, J-C. 2002. Breeding Population of Streaked Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas)

and the Effect of Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Predation on Sasudo Island. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 33(2): 142-147.

Lee, K-G. & Yoo, J-C. 2004. Variation in Chick Provisioning of Streaked Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during the Early Nstling Stage. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 35(2): 105-119.

Maesako, Y. 1991. Effect of streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas on species composition of Persea thunbergii forest on Kanmurijima Island, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Ecological Research 6(3): 371-378.

Maesako, Y. 1999. Impacts of streaked shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) on tree seedling regeneration in a warm-temperate evergreen forest on Kanmurijima Island, Japan. Plant Ecology 145: 183-190.

Matsumoto, K. et al. 2012. Foraging behavior and diet of Streaked Shearwaters Calonectris leucomelas rearing chicks on Mikura Island. Ornithological Science 11(1): 9-19.

McBride, A.P. 1985. A Streaked Shearwater off Wollongong, New South Wales. Australian Birds 19: 50-51.

Moores, N. 2007. Selected records from Socheong Island, South Korea. Forktail 23: 102-124 (109). Morgan, J. & Shirihai, H. 1992. Streaked Shearwater in Israel - A New Western Palearctic Bird.

Birding World 5(9): 344-347. Nariko, O. 1994. Underwater feeding of three shearwaters: Pale-footed (Puffinus carneipes), Sooty

(Puffinus griseus) and Streaked (Calonectris leucomelas) Shearwaters. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 26(1): 81-84.

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Nariko, O. 2004. The Distribution of Streaked Shearwater Colonies, with Special Attention to Population Size, Area of Sea Where Located and Surface Water Temperature. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 35(2): 164-188.

Ochi, D. et al. 2010. Foraging trip decisions by the streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas depend on both parental and chick state. Journal of Ethology 28(2): 313-321.

Oka, N. et al. 2002. Chick Growth and Fledgling Performance of Streaked Shearwaters Calonectris leucomelas on Mikura Island for Two Breeding Seasons. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 34(1): 39-59.

Roberson, D. et al. 1977. A Streaked Shearwater in California. North American Birds 31(6): 1097-1098.

Takahashi, A. et al. 2008. Post-breeding movement and activities of two Streaked Shearwaters in the north-western Pacific. Ornithological Science 7(1): 29-35.

van den Berg, A.B. et al. 1982. First sight-record of White-faced Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas in Sri Lanka. Ardea 70: 83.

Wiles, G.J. et al. 2000. Noteworthy Bird Records for Micronesia, with a Summary of Raptor Sightings in the Mariana Islands, 1988-1999. Micronesica 32(2): 257-284 (258).

Yamamoto, T. et al. 2008. The lunar cycle affects at-sea behaviour in a pelagic seabird, the streaked shearwater, Calonectris leucomelas. Animal Behaviour 76(5): 1647-1652.

Yamamoto, T. et al. 2010. At-sea distribution and behavior of streaked shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during the nonbreeding period. The Auk 127(4): 871-881.

Yamamoto, T. et al. 2011. Foraging areas of streaked shearwaters in relation to seasonal changes in the marine environment of the Northwestern Pacific: inter-colony and sex-related differences. Marine Ecology Progress Series 424: 191-204.

Yamamoto, T. et al. 2012. Inter-colony differences in the incubation pattern of streaked shearwaters in relation to the local marine environment. Waterbirds 35(2): 248-259.

Scopoli's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea [Scopoli 1769, no locality; Tremiti Islands, Adriatic Sea]. Breeding: Balearic Islands, Malta, Sardinia and islands off France, Algeria, Tunisia, Italy, Greece & Croatia. Non-breeding: N & S Atlantic W to the coast of North America and S to the coast of Namibia & South Africa and perhaps Indian Ocean. Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, aka Johannes Antonius Scopoli (1723-1788), Austro-Italian physician and naturalist. Andrew, D.G. 1990. Letter: Shearwaters, sirens and halcyons. British Birds 83(8): 334-335. Borg, J.J. & Sultana, J. 2002. Status and distribution of the breeding Procellariiformes in Malta. il-

Merill 30: 10-15. Bourne, W.R.P. 1990. Letters: Ancient bird names. British Birds 83(12): 555-556. Bradshaw, C. et al. 2005. The Carl Zeiss Award: Scopoli’s Shearwater, 10km south of Scilly, August

2004. British Birds 98(11): 600-603. Bretagnolle, V. & Lequette, B. 1990. Structural Variation in the Call of the Cory's Shearwater

(Calonectris diomedea, Aves, Procellariidae). Ethology 85(4): 313-323. Brichetti, P. et al. 2000. Does El Nino affect survival rate of Mediterranean populations of Cory's

Shearwater? Waterbirds 23(2): 147-154. Bried, J. et al. 2005. First two cases of melanism in Cory’s Shearwater Calonectris diomedea. Marine

Ornithology 33: 19-22. Bried, J. et al. 2010. Does competition for nests affect genetic monogamy in Cory’s shearwater

Calonectris diomedea? Journal of Avian Biology 41: 407-418. British Ornithologists’ Union 2007. British Ornithologists’ Union Records Committee: 34th Report

(October 2006). Ibis 149: 194-197. British Ornithologists’ Union 2009. British Ornithologists’ Union Records Committee: 37th Report

(October 2008). Ibis 151: 224-230. Callahan, D. 2010. Taxonomy: Seabird splits. Birdwatch 217: 25-27. Cecere, J.G. et al. 2014. Effects of environmental variability and offspring growth on the movement

ecology of breeding Scopoli's shearwater Calonectris diomedea. Current Zoology 60(5): 622-630. Cecere, J.G. et al. 2015. Commercial fisheries, inter-colony competition and sea depth affect foraging

location of breeding Scopoli's Shearwaters Calonectris diomedea. Ibis 157(2): 284-298.

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Costantini, D. & Dell'Omo, G. 2015. Oxidative stress predicts long-term resight probability and reproductive success in Scopoli's shearwater (Calonectris diomedea). Conservation Physiology 3(1): 10.1093/conphys/cov024.

Dall'Antonia, L. et al. 1995. The homing behaviour of Cory's Shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea) studied by means of a direction recorder. Journal of Experimental Biology 198: 359-362.

du Rau, P.D. et al. 2015. Reassessment of the size of the Scopoli’s Shearwater population at its main breeding site resulted in a tenfold increase: implications for the species conservation. Journal of Ornithology doi:10.1007/s10336-015-1187-4.

Erterius, D. 2005. A Scopoli’s Shearwater off Sweden. Birding World 18(6): 246. Fisher, A. & Flood, B. 2004. A Scopoli’s Shearwater off the Isles of Scilly. Birding World 17(8): 334-

336. Fisher, E.A. & Flood, R.L. 2010. Scopoli’s Shearwater off Scilly: new to Britain. British Birds 103(12):

712-717. Flint, P.R. 1999. Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea off northern Cyprus in autumn 1998.

Sandgrouse 21(2): 176-177. Flood, B. 2004. Scopoli's is sheer good luck. Scopoli's Shearwater: at sea off Scilly, 2 August 2004.

Birdwatch 148: 59. Flood, B. 2014. Shear heart attack - but then the doubts begin. Putative Scopoli’s Shearwater: at sea,

Scilly, 8 August 2014. Birdwatch 268: 9. Fraser, M. 2007. ListCheck: Relationships - Calonectris shearwaters. Birdwatch 177: 55. Gabirot, M. et al. 2015. Chemical labels differ between two closely related shearwater taxa. Journal

of Avian Biology 47: 1-12. Gómez-Díaz, E. & González-Solís, J. 2007. Geographic assignment of seabirds to their origin:

combining morphologic, genetic, and biogeochemical analyses. Ecological Applications 17: 1484-1498.

Gómez-Díaz, E. et al. 2006. Phylogeography of the Calonectris shearwaters using molecular and morphometric data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41: 322-332.

Goodman, S.M. & Vance-Haynes, C. 1991. A Cory’s Shearwater Calonectris diomedea in the Egyptian Western Desert. Sandgrouse 13(2): 104-106.

Granadeiro, J.P. 1993. Variation in measurements of Cory's shearwater between populations and sexing by discriminant analysis. Ringing & Migration 14(2): 103-112.

Grémillet, D. et al. 2014. Irreplaceable area extends marine conservation hotspot off Tunisia: insights from GPS-tracking Scopoli’s shearwaters from the largest seabird colony in the Mediterranean. Marine Biology 161(11): 2669-2680.

Gutiérrez, R. 1998. Flight identification of Cory’s and Scopoli’s Shearwaters. Dutch Birding 20(5): 216-225.

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Calonectris diomedea. British Birds 76(1): 26-28. Stoddart, A. 2017. Identification: Great and Cory’s Shearwaters Photo Guide. Birdwatch 302: 45-50. Sultana, J. & Borg, J. 1996. Letters: European Storm-petrels and other seabirds without their toes.

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Vinicombe, K. 2008. ID in depth: Great and Cory’s Shearwaters. Birdwatch 193: 34-36. Ward, M. 2000. Rough passage. Birdwatch 98: 22-27 (22). Wright, P.A. et al. 1964. Notes: Another large movement of Cory’s Shearwaters off Co. Cork. British

Birds 57(5): 200-204. Xavier, J.C. et al. 2011. Changes in diet of Cory’s Shearwaters Calonectris diomedea breeding in the

Azores. Marine Ornithology 39: 129-134. Cape Verde Shearwater Calonectris edwardsii [Oustalet 1883]. Breeding: Cape Verde Islands. Non-breeding: Not fully established although recorded off the E coast of USA. Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835-1900), French mammalologist, ornithologist and carcinologist. Barone, R. & Hering, J. 2010. Recent bird records from Fogo, Cape Verde Islands. Bulletin of the

African Bird Club 17(1): 72-78 (73). Bourne, W.R.P. 1986. Recent work on the origin and suppression of bird species in the Cape Verde

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310-311. Fraser, M. 2005. ListCheck: North American list - Cape Verde Shearwater. Birdwatch 156: 61. Fraser, M. 2007. ListCheck: Relationships - Calonectris shearwaters. Birdwatch 177: 55. Gómez-Díaz, E. & González-Solís, J. 2007. Geographic assignment of seabirds to their origin:

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Burger, A.E. 2001. Diving depths of Shearwaters. The Auk 118(3): 755-759. Campbell, O. 2012. Summer seawatching on the edge of Arabia. Birding World 25(6): 258-263 (plate

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Archipelago from 1985 to 2007. South Australian Ornithologist 36(1-2): 9-24 (16). Chiba, H. et al. 2007. The Distribution of Seabirds in the Bonin Islands, Southern Japan. Journal of

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Dyer, P.K. 2003. A decline in the number of Wedge-tailed Shearwaters breeding on Raine Island. Corella 27: 13-17.

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Everett, M.J. 1992. Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus at Port Said. The Courser 3: 52-54. Fisher, H.I. 1951. The avifauna of Niihau Island, Hawaiian Archipelago. The Condor 53(1): 31-42

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Ogden, J. 1979. Estimates of the population sizes of the Black Noddy and Wedge-tailed Shearwater at Heron Island in 1978. Sunbird 10: 33-39.

Peck, D.R. & Congdon, B.C. 2005. Colony-specific foraging behaviour and co-ordinated divergence of chick development in the Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 299: 289-296.

Peck, D.R. & Congdon, B.C. 2006. Sex-specific chick provisioning and diving behaviour in the Wedge-tailed Shearwater. Journal of Avian Biology 37: 1-7.

Peck, D.R. et al. 2004. Sea surface temperature constrains Wedge-tailed Shearwater foraging success within breeding seasons. Marine Ecology Progress Series 281: 259-266.

Peck, D.R. et al. 2008. Morphological and molecular variation within an ocean basin in Wedge-tailed Shearwaters (Puffinus pacificus). Marine Biology 153: 1113-1125.

Powlesland, R.G. & Pickard, C.R. 1992. Seabirds found dead on New Zealand beaches in 1988, and a review of Puffinus species recoveries, 1943 to 1988. Notornis 39(1): 27-46.

Roberts, P.E. et al. 1975: Wedge-tailed Shearwaters on Muttonbird Island, Coffs Harbour, NSW. Emu 75: 19-22.

Rogers, A.E.F. 1975. Movements of Wedge-tailed Shearwaters off the coast of New South Wales. Emu 75: 178-180.

Russell, T. et al. 2011. Infanticide of Wedge-tailed Sgearwater Puffinus pacificus chick at Marine Corps Base Hawaii. Marine Ornithology 39: 135-136.

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Steadman, D.W. et al. 1990. Extinction, Biogeography, and Human Exploitation of Birds on Tikopia and Anuta, Polynesian Outliers in the Solomon Islands. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 30: 118-153 (127).

Surman, C. A. & Nicholson, L.W. 2009. The good, the bad and the ugly: ENSO-driven oceanographic variability and its influence on seabird diet and reproductive performance at the Houtman Abrolhos, Eastern Indian Ocean. Marine Ornithology 37: 129-138.

Surman, C.A. et al. 2012. Effects of climate variability on breeding phenology and performance of tropical seabirds in the eastern Indian Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 454: 147-157.

Thibault, J-C. et al. 2013. Breeding birds of Hatuta ‘a, Marquesas Islands: species inventory and influence of drought on their abundance. Bulletin of the British Ornithologist' Club 133(3): 168-177.

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Buller's Shearwater Ardenna bulleri [Salvin 1888, New Zealand]. Breeding: Poor Knights Island (off North Island, New Zealand). Non-breeding: Disperses over much of the Pacific. Other names: Grey-backed Shearwater, New Zealand Shearwater. Previously included in the genus Puffinus. Sir Walter Lawry Buller (1838-1906), New Zealand ornithologist and lawyer who also spent time as a Government minister between 1896 and 1899. Cheshire, N.G. 1974. Sightings of Buller’s Shearwater in Fijian and Tongan waters. Notornis 21: 182. D’Ombrain, A. & Gwynne, A. 1962. Buller’s shearwater on Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales.

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Emu 24: 37-43. Flood, B. 2004. Pelagic Day-Trips off Australia and New Zealand. Alula 10(4): 170-180 (176). Freeman, A. 1992. Petrels on the Mernoo Bank and Chatham Rise. Notornis 39(1): 57-58. Gould, P. et al. 1998. Foods of Buller's Shearwaters (Puffinus bulleri) associated with driftnet

fisheries in the central North Pacific Ocean. Notornis 45(2): 81-92. Greensmith, A. 1973. A sight record of buller’s shearwater in Queensland. The Sunbird 4(4): 87-89. Harper, P.C. 1983. Biology of Buller’s Shearwater (Puffinus bulleri) at the Poor Knights Islands, New

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Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea [Gmelin 1789, Southern Hemisphere between 35° S and 50° S = New Zealand]. Breeding: S Chile & Falkland Islands and islands off SE Australia & New Zealand. Non-breeding: Disperses widely throughout five of the Seven Seas to the N & S Atlantic, Indian Ocean and N & S Pacific. Other name: Sombre Shearwater. Previously included in the genus Puffinus. Barthel, P.H. 2006. Rätselvogel 114: Dunkler Sturmtaucher Puffinus griseus [Mystery Bird 114: Sooty

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Vlietstra, L.S. & Parga, J.A. 2002. Long-term changes in the type, but not amount, of ingested plastic particles in short-tailed shearwaters in the southeastern Bering Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44(9): 945-955.

Wahl, T.R. 1975. Seabirds in Washington's offshore zone. Western Birds 6(4): 117-134 (124). Welch, G. & Yu, Y-T. 2010. Notebook: Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris: a regular spring

passage migrant through Hong Kong. BirdingASIA 13: 80-81. Weimerskirch, H. & Cherel, Y. 1998. Feeding ecology of short-tailed shearwaters: breeding in

Tasmania and foraging in the Antarctic? Marine Ecology Progress Series 167: 261-274. Wiles, G.J. et al. 2000. Noteworthy Bird Records for Micronesia, with a Summary of Raptor Sightings

in the Mariana Islands, 1988-1999. Micronesica 32(2): 257-284 (259). Wood, K.A. 1993. Feeding behaviour, offal preferences and tarsus shape of Puffinus shearwaters off

central New South Wales. Notornis 40(2): 123-127. Wooller, R.D. et al. 1990. Reproductive success of Short-tailed Shearwaters Puffinus tenuirostris in

relation to their age and breeding experience. Journal of Animal Ecology 59(1): 161-170. Pink-footed Shearwater Ardenna creatopus [Coues 1864, San Nicolas Island, California]. Breeding: Más a Tierra & Santa Clara (Juan Fernandez Islands) and Mocha Island (off WC Chile). Non-breeding: W North America N as far as British Columbia. Previously included in the genus Puffinus. Becker, P.H. 2000. Mercury levels in pink-footed shearwaters (Puffinus creatopus) breeding on

Mocha Island, Chile. Ornitologia Neotropical 11: 165-168. Force, M.P. & Ballance, L.T. 2009. A Pink-Footed Shearwater in Hawai’i. Elepaio 69(6): 39-40. Guicking, D. 1999. Pink-footed shearwaters on Isla Mocha, Chile. World Birdwatch 21(1): 20-23. Guicking, D. et al. 2001. Satellite tracking of the Pink-footed Shearwater in Chile. Waterbirds 24(1):

8-15.

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Guicking, D. et al. 2004. Morphometrics of the Pink-footed Shearwater (Puffinus creatopus): influence of sex and breeding site. Journal of Ornithology 145(1): 64-68.

McBride, A.P. 1989. The first record of the Pink-footed Shearwater Puffinus creatopus, in Australian waters. Australian Birds 22: 87-88.


Wahl, T.R. 1975. Seabirds in Washington's offshore zone. Western Birds 6(4): 117-134 (123). Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes [Gould 1844, small islands off Cape Leeuwin, Western Australia]. St Paul Island (S Indian Ocean) and Recherche archipelago W to Cape Leeuwin and off Cape Hamelin (W Australia) and Lord Howe Island (Tasman Sea, Australia region) and islands off North Island, New Zealand. Non-breeding: N to waters off Japan and Indian Ocean W to Arabian Sea Other name: Fleshy-footed Shearwater, Pale-footed Shearwater, Big Muttonbird, Lord Howe Island Muttonbird. Previously included in the genus Puffinus. 1st WP Record: 15th August 1980. Off the North Beach, Eilat, Gulf of Aqaba, Israel (Shirihai, H. 1996. The Birds of Israel. Academic Press). Baker, G.B. & Wise, B.S. 2005. The impact of pelagic longline fishing on the Flesh-footed

Shearwater Puffinus carneipes in Eastern Australia. Biological Conservation 126(3): 306-316. Bond, A.L. & Lavers, J.L. 2011. Trace Element Concentrations in Feathers of Flesh-footed

Shearwaters (Puffinus carneipes) from Across Their Breeding Range. Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 61(2): 318-326.

Buxton, R.T. et al. 2013. Incidence of plastic fragments among burrow-nesting seabird colonies on offshore islands in northern New Zealand. Marine Pollution Bulletin 74(1): 420-424.

Campbell, O. 2012. Summer seawatching on the edge of Arabia. Birding World 25(6): 258-263 (plates 3 & 4, p. 260).

Cheshire, N. 2010. Procellariiformes observed around Papua New Guinea including the Bismarck Archipelago from 1985 to 2007. South Australian Ornithologist 36(1-2): 9-24 (17).

Duckworth, J.W. 2004. Eight birds new to DPR Korea. Forktail 20: 116-120 (117). Duriez, O. et al. 2005. Birds and wildlife of the French sub-antarctic islands: Crozet, Kerguelen and

Amsterdam & St Paul. Dutch Birding 27(2): 87-115 (plate 145, p. 110). Dyer, P.K. 2001. Burrow occupancy by Wedge-tailed Shearwaters and Flesh-footed Shearwaters on

Lord Howe Island. Corella 26: 38-40. Freeman, A. 1992. Petrels on the Mernoo Bank and Chatham Rise. Notornis 39(1): 57-58. Gaze, P. 2000. The response of a colony of Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) and Flesh-footed

Shearwater (P. carneipes) to the cessation of harvesting and the eradication of Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 27: 375-379.

Gibson, J.D. & Sefton, A.R. 1958. The Fleshy-footed Shearwater in N.S.W. coastal waters. Emu 58: 91-93.

Gould, P. et al. 1997. Food of Flesh-footed Shearwaters Puffinus carneipes Associated with High-seas Driftnets in the Central North Pacific Ocean. Emu 97(2): 168-173.

Harrison, C.J.O. 1970. Shearwater taking food on land. Emu 70: 33-34. Hutton, I. et al. 2008. Plastic ingestion by Flesh-footed (Puffinus carneipes) and Wedge-tailed (P.

pacificus) Shearwaters. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 142(1): 1-6. Lambert, K. 2005. The spatial and seasonal occurrence of seabirds (Aves) off southern Mozambique.

Durban Museum Novitates 30: 45-60 (50). Moores, N. 2007. Selected records from Socheong Island, South Korea. Forktail 23: 102-124 (109). Oka, N. 1994. Underwater feeding of three shearwaters: Pale-footed (Puffinus carneipes), Sooty


Powell, C.D.L. 2009. Foraging movements and the migration trajectory of Flesh-footed Shearwaters Puffinus carneipes from the south coast of Western Australia. Marine Ornithology 37: 115-120.

Powell, C.D.L. et al. 2007. Breeding biology of the Flesh-footed Shearwater (Puffinus carneipes) on Woody Island, Western Australia. Emu 107(4): 275-283.


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Priddel, D. et al. 2006. Decline in the distribution and abundance of Flesh-footed Shearwaters (Puffinus carneipes) on Lord Howe Island, Australia. Biological Conservation 128(3): 412-424.

Robinson, A.C. et al. 1986. First breeding record of the Fleshy-footed Shearwater in South Australia. South Australian Ornithologist 30(1): 13-14.

Roux, J.P. 1985: Le statut du puffin a pieds pales (Puffinus carneipes) a l’Ile Saint-Paul (38º43’S, 77º30’E) [The status of Flesh-footed Shearwater on Saint Paul Island]. L’Oiseau et la Revue Française d’Ornithologie 55: 155-157.

Segonzac, M. 1970. La nidification du Puffin à pieds pâles (Puffinus carneipes) à l’Île Saint Paul [Flesh-footed Shearwater nesting on Saint Paul Island]. L’Oiseau et la Revue Française d’Ornithologie 40(2): 131-135.

Small, A. 1959. More observations of the Least Petrel and Pale-footed Shearwater off southern California. The Condor 61(5): 373-374.

Taylor, G.A. 2008. Maximum dive depths of eight New Zealand Procellariiformes, including Pterodroma species. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 142(1): 89-97.

Tennyson, A. & Pierce, R. 1995. The presence of Pycroft's Petrel (Pterodroma pycrofti) and other petrels on Mauitaha Island, New Zealand. Notornis 42(3): 212-214.

Thalmann, S. et al. 2009. Using biometric measurements to determine gender of Flesh-footed Shearwaters, and their application as a tool in long-line by-catch management and ecological field studies. Emu 107(3): 231-238.

Thalmann, S.J. et al. 2009. Longline fisheries and foraging distribution of Flesh-Footed Shearwaters in eastern Australia. Journal of Wildlife Management 73(3): 399-406.

Thalmann, S.J. et al. 2010. Provisioning in Flesh-footed Shearwaters (Puffinus carneipes): plastic foraging behavior and the implications for increased fishery interactions. The Auk 127: 140-150.


Wahl, T.R. 1975. Seabirds in Washington's offshore zone. Western Birds 6(4): 117-134 (123). Wood, K.A. 1993. Feeding behaviour, offal preferences and tarsus shape of Puffinus shearwaters off

central New South Wales. Notornis 40(2): 123-127. Great Shearwater Ardenna gravis [O'Reilly 1818, Cape Farewell and Staten Hook to Newfoundland]. Breeding: Nightingale Island & Inaccessible Island (Tristan da Cunha group), Gough Island (S Atlantic) & Kidney Island (Falkland Islands). Non-breeding: Throughout N & S Atlantic. Previously included in the genus Puffinus. Barbieri, E. et al. 2007. Heavy metal concentration in tissues of Puffinus gravis sampled on the

Brazilian coast. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 15(1): 69-72. Bird, D. 1994. The field characters of distant Great and Cory’s Shearwaters. Birding World 7(7): 279-

282. Brouekhuysen, G.J. 1964. Observations on the Great Shearwater in the Breeding-Season. British

Birds 41(11): 338-341. Bourne, W.R.P. 1973. Letters: Influx of Great Shearwaters in autumn 1973. British Birds 66(12): 540. Bourne, W.R.P. 1983. Letters: Shy Albatrosses, elusive Capped Petrels, and a great accumulation of

shearwaters. British Birds 76(12): 583-584. Brown, R.G.B. & Baird, D.E. 1965. Social factors as possible regulators of Puffinus gravis numbers.

Ibis 107(2): 249-251. Brown, R.G.B. et al. 1981. The foods of Great and Sooty Shearwaters Puffinus gravis and P. griseus

in Eastern Canadian Waters. Ibis 123: 19-30. Bugoni, L. & Furness, R.W. 2009. Age composition and sexual size dimorphism of albatrosses and

petrels off Brazil. Marine Ornithology 37(3): 253-260. Clark, G.S. et al. 1992. Notes on the seabirds of the Cape Horn islands. Notornis 39(2): 133-144

(137). Cuthbert, R.J. 2005. Breeding biology, chick growth and provisioning of Great shearwaters (Puffinus

gravis) at Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Emu 105: 305-310. Elliott, C.C.H. 1969. Ecological considerations and the possible significance of weight variations in

the chicks of the Great Shearwater on Gough Island. Ostrich 40(s.1): 385-396. Escalante, R. 1962. Frequency of occurrence of some seabirds in Uruguay. The Condor 64(6): 510-

512.

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Flood, B. et al. 2013. Tubenoses in the southwest Atlantic in April 2012. Birding World 26(7): 304-308 (308).

Foster, G.W. et al. 1996. Parasitic helminths and arthropods of Greater Shearwaters (Puffinus gravis) from Florida. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 63(1): 83-88.

Gaskin, C. 2008. Sightings of great shearwater (Puffinus gravis) near New Zealand in 2006. Notornis 55(4): 222-223.

Gullick, T.M. 1949. Notes: Great Shearwaters in the Skagerak in early June. British Birds 42(8): 250. Haney, J.C. 1986. Seabird segregation at Gulf Stream frontal eddies. Marine Ecology Progress

Series 28: 279-285. Harrison, P. 1988. Seabirding aboard the Chalice in 1988. Birding World 1(10): 345-348. Hazevoet, C.J. 1997. Notes on distribution, conservation, and taxonomy of birds from the Cape



Jackson, J. 2000. Bird news: Inland and unseasonal - Great Shearwater. Birdwatch 92: 61. Jackson, J. 2001. Wales - Way out west. Alula 7(2): 62-67. McGeehan, A. & Gutiérrez, R. 1998. Identification: Great dilemmas. Birdwatch 73: 32-36. McGeehan, A. 1992. The pelagic zone. Birdwatch 1(5): 28-30. Metcalf, W.G. 1966. Observations of migrating Great Shearwaters Puffinus gravis off the Brazilian

coast. Ibis 108(1): 138-140. Newell, R.G. 1968. Influx of Great Shearwaters in autumn 1965. British Birds 61(4): 145-159. Pierce, K.E. et al. 2004. Obstruction and starvation associated with plastic ingestion in a Northern

Gannet Morus bassanus and a Greater Shearwater Puffinus gravis. Marine Ornithology 32: 187-189.

Pollock, C.M. 1994. Observations on the distribution of seabirds off south-west Ireland. Irish Birds 5(2): 173-182.

Prince, P.A. & Payne, M.R. 1979. Current status of birds at South Georgia. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 48: 103-118.

Probonas, N. 2006. The first Great Shearwater for Greece. Birding World 19(11): 481. Rodríguez, A. & Rodríguez, B. 2009. Attraction of petrels to artificial lights in the Canary Islands:

effects of the moon phase and age class. Ibis 151: 299-310. Ronconi, R.A. et al. 2010. Diving of great shearwaters (Puffinus gravis) in cold and warm water

regions of the South Atlantic Ocean. Plos One 5(11): e1550810. Rowan, M.K. 1952. The Greater Shearwater Puffinus gravis at its breeding grounds. Ibis 94: 97-121. Ryan, P. 2008. Important Bird Areas: Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island. British Birds 101(11): 586-

606 (plate 315, p. 596). Ryan, P.G. & Moloney, C.L. 2000. The status of Spectacled Petrels Procellaria conspicillata and

other seabirds at Inaccessible Island. Marine Ornithology 28(2): 93-100. Sharrock, JT.R. 1980. Mystery photographs: Great Shearwater. British Birds 73(2): 102-103. Stoddart, A. 2017. Identification: Great and Cory’s Shearwaters Photo Guide. Birdwatch 302: 45-50. Vinicombe, K. 2008. ID in depth: Great and Cory’s Shearwaters. Birdwatch 193: 34-36. Voous, K.H. & Wattel, J. 1963. Distribution and migration of the Greater Shearwater. Ardea 51: 143-

157. Ward, M. 2000. Rough passage. Birdwatch 98: 22-27 (24). Witherby, H.F. 1940. The species of Great Shearwaters in the English Channel. British Birds 33(9):

248-249. Woods, R.W. 1970. Great Shearwater Puffinus gravis breeding in the Falkland Islands. Ibis 112(2):

259-260. Christmas Island Shearwater Puffinus nativitatis [Streets 1877, Christmas Island, Pacific Ocean]. Breeding: Kaula (off Niihau, Hawaii), Moku Manu (off Oahu, Hawaii) and Nihoa, French Frigate Shoals, Lisianski, Laysan, the Pearl and Hermes Reef, Midway Island & Kure (NW Hawaiian Islands), Johnston Atoll (C Pacific), Ducie & Oeno (Pitcarin group), Sala-y-Gómez & Easter Island (SE Pacific) and the Marquesas Islands, Tuamotu, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands & Austral Islands (French Polynesia). Non-breeding: Not fully established however some populations are largely sedentary and some presumed to disperse over tropical and subtropical Pacific. Other name: Christmas Shearwater.

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Ardiles-Villegas, K. et al. 2011. Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Fecal Bacteria Isolated from

Christmas Shearwater (Puffinus nativitatis) and Masked Booby (Sula dactylatra) at Remote Easter Island. Avian Diseases 55(3): 486-489.

Bell, B. & Bell, D. 1998. Pitcairn paradise preserved. World Birdwatch 20(1): 8-11 (11). Cheshire, N. 2010. Procellariiformes observed around Papua New Guinea including the Bismarck

Archipelago from 1985 to 2007. South Australian Ornithologist 36(1-2): 9-24 (18). Crockett, D.E. 1977. First record of the Christmas Island Shearwater in New Zealand. Notornis 24:

285-286. Fisher, H.I. 1951. The avifauna of Niihau Island, Hawaiian Archipelago. The Condor 53(1): 31-42

(36). Gochfeld, M. et al. 1999. Metals in Feathers of Bonin Petrel, Christmas Shearwater, Wedge-Tailed

Shearwater, and Red-Tailed Tropicbird in the Hawaian Islands, Northern Pacific. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 59(3): 343-358.

Howell, T.R. & Bartholomew, G.A. 1961. Temperature Regulation in Nesting Bonin Island Petrels, Wedge-Tailed Shearwaters, and Christmas Island Shearwaters. The Auk 78(3): 343-354.

Mougin, J-L. et al. 1999. Philopatry and faithfulness to nest site in Cory's Shearwaters Calonectris diomedea at Selvagem Grande. Ostrich 70(3-4): 229-232.


Ricklefs, R.E. 1984. Meal Sizes and Feeding Rates of Christmas Shearwaters and Phoenix Petrels on Christmas Island, Central Pacific Ocean. Ornis Scandinavica 15(1): 16-22.

Taylor, G.A. & Tennyson, A.J.D. 1994. Christmas Island Shearwater Puffinus nativitatis on Curtis Island. Notornis 41(4): 287-291.

Thibault, J-C. & Varney, A. 1991. Breeding seabirds of Rapa (Polynesia): numbers and changes during the 20th century. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 111(2): 70-77 (72).

Thibault, J-C. et al. 2013. Breeding birds of Hatuta ‘a, Marquesas Islands: species inventory and influence of drought on their abundance. Bulletin of the British Ornithologist' Club 133(3): 168-177.

Whittow, G.C. 2001. lncubation weight loss of Christmas shearwater eggs on Christmas Island, Pacific Ocean. Notornis 48(3): 175-176.

Wragg, G.M. & Weisler, M.I. 1994. Extinctions and new records of birds from Henderson Island, Pitcairn group, south Pacific Ocean. Notornis 41(1): 61-70.

Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus [Brünnich 1764, Faroes and Norway]. Breeding: Massachusetts & Gulf of Maine N to Labrador, Gulf of St. Lawrence & Newfoundland and S Iceland S thru Faroe Islands, Ireland & Britain to NW France and Azores thru Madeira & Desertas Islands to Canary Islands. Non-breeding: Disperses to S Atlantic, mostly to the E coast of South America. Andrew, D.G. 1965. Manx Shearwaters breeding in Lewis. Scottish Birds 3: 435-436. Bergkamp, P.Y. 1995. Concentrations of Manx Shearwater off San Antonio, Rio Negro, Argentina.

Seabird 17: 74. Bierregaard, R.O. et al. 1975. First northwestern Atlantic breeding record of Manx Shearwater. The

Auk 92: 145-147. Bourne, W.R.P. 1957. Manx Shearwaters, Little Gulls and other seabirds wintering off the Algerian

coast. Ibis 99: 117-118. Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. The Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus (puffinus?) yelkouan. British Birds 81(7):

306-319. Bried, J. et al. 2007. First attempted breeding of Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus Brünnich, 1764)

on Santa Maria, Azores. Arquipélago. Life and Marine Sciences 24: 61-63. Brooke, M.deL. 1978. Sexual differences in the voice and individual vocal recognition in the Manx

Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus). Animal Behaviour 26(2): 622-629. Brooke, M.deL. 1978. Some Factors Affecting the Laying Date, Incubation and Breeding Success of

the Manx Shearwater, Puffinus puffinus. Journal of Animal Ecology 47(2): 477-495. Brooke, M.deL. 1978. The dispersal of female Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus. Ibis 120(4): 545-

551. Brown, A. et al. 2011. Seabirds on Lundy: their current status, recent history and prospects for the

restoration of a once-important bird area. British Birds 104(3): 139-158.

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Brown, J.G. 2004. Notes: Manx Shearwaters hanging themselves when scaling vertical walls. British Birds 97(9): 471-472.

Camphuysen, C.J. 1995. Sooty and Manx Shearwaters in the southern North Sea: an offshore perspective. Limosa 68: 1-9.

Camphuysen, C.J. 2005. Seabirds at sea in summer in the northwest North Sea. British Birds 98(1): 2-19 (7).

Clark, G.S. et al. 1992. Notes on the seabirds of the Cape Horn islands. Notornis 39(2): 133-144 (138).

Clarke, D. 2004. Notes: Calls of Manx Shearwater at sea. British Birds 97(9): 471. Curtis, W.F. et al. 1985. Identifying the smaller shearwaters. British Birds 78(3): 123-138. Darlaston, M. & Langman, M. 2016. Letters: Foot projection as a field identification character for

Balearic and Manx Shearwaters. British Birds 109(4): 241-242. Dolphin, A.K. 1986. Notes: Apparent feeding association between Manx Shearwaters and Sandwich

Terns. British Birds 79(8): 397. Ebels, E.B. 2002. Transatlantic vagrancy of Palearctic species to the Caribbean region. Dutch Birding

24(4): 202-209 (204). Eds. 2002. Island shearwater's 50 years of world travel. Birdwatch 120: 6. Eds. 2004. Pigeonhole: Oldest bird clocks up another year. Birding World 17(6): 264. Elkins, N. 1990. Notes: Partial albinism of Manx Shearwaters. British Birds 83(1): 22. Flood, B. 2015. Identification: Manx and Balearic Shearwaters Photo Guide. Birdwatch 277: 45-52. Flood, B. et al. 2013. Tubenoses in the southwest Atlantic in April 2012. Birding World 26(7): 304-308

(308). Flumm, D.S. 1990. Notes: Partial albinism of Manx Shearwaters. British Birds 83(1): 22. Force, M. et al. 2006. Manx Shearwater in British Columbia: comments on a pioneering seabird.

Wildlife Afield 3(1): 5-11. Gil-Velasco, M. et al. 2015. Plumage variability and field identification of Manx, Yelkouan and

Balearic Shearwaters. British Birds 108(9): 514-519. Gray, C.M. & Hamer, K.C. 2001. Food-provisioning behaviour of male and female Manx shearwaters,

Puffinus puffinus. Animal Behaviour 62(1): 117-121. Guilford, T. et al. 2008. GPS tracking of the foraging movements of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus

puffinus breeding on Skomer Island, Wales. Ibis 150(3): 462-473. Guilford, T. et al. 2009. Migration and stopover in a small pelagic seabird, the Manx shearwater

Puffinus puffinus: insights from machine learning. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences 276(1660): 1215-1223.

Gutiérrez, R. 2004. Identification of Yelkouan, Balearic and Manx Shearwaters. Birding World 17(3): 111-112.

Harris, M.P. 1966. Age of return to the colony, age of breeding and adult survival of Manx Shearwaters. Bird Study 13(1): 84-95.

Harris, M.P. 1966. Breeding biology of the Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus. Ibis 108(1): 17-33. Heaney, V. et al. 2002. The status and distribution of European Storm-Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus

and Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on the Isles of Scilly. Atlantic Seabirds 4(1): 1-16. Heaney, V. et al. 2008. Important Bird Areas: Breeding seabirds on the Isles of Scilly. British Birds

101(8): 418-438. Hernández, E. et al. 1990. Nesting of the Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus Brünnich, 1764) on the

Island of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 41: 27-34. Heselden, R. & Shorten, M. 1990. Shearwater passage off County Cork in Autumn 1989. Cork Bird

Report 1989 pp. 73-78. Heubeck, M. 2013. Censusing and monitoring breeding seabirds in Britain and Ireland. British Birds

106(6): 306-324. Howell, S.N.G. et al. 1994. Identification of Manx-type Shearwaters in the eastern Pacific. Western

Birds 25: 169-177. Jackson, J. 2001. Wales - Way out west. Alula 7(2): 62-67. James, P.C. & Robertson, H.A. 1986. How useful are vocalizations in Petrel systematics? Emu

86(3): 186-189. James, P.C. 1985. The Vocal Behaviour of the Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus. Ethology 67(1-4):

269-283. Kinsky, F.C. & Fowler, J.A. 1973. A Manx Shearwater (Puffinus p. puffinus) in New Zealand.

Notornis 20: 14-20. Kinsky, F.C. & Fowler, J.A. 1973. British-ringed Manx Shearwater in Australia. British Birds 55(2):

86-87.

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Lansdown, P. & Rees, G. 1987. Notes: Manx Shearwater resembling Little Shearwaters. British Birds 80(3): 112.

Leonard, K. & Preston, J. 2013. Predation by the European Otter Lutra lutra on Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus and other seabirds at a key Irish colony - the Copeland Islands, Co. Down. Irish Birds 9(4): 553-558.

Levesque, A. & Jaffard, M-E. 2002. Fifteen new bird species in Guadeloupe (F.W.I.). El Pitirre 15(1): 5-6 (6).

Lien, J. & Grimmer, L. 1978. Manx Shearwater nesting in Newfoundland. Osprey 9: 50-54. Lockley, R.M. 1953. On the movements of the Manx Shearwater at sea during the breeding season.

British Birds 46(suppl.): 1-4. Martín, A. et al. 1989. Premières données sur la nidification du Puffin des Anglais (Puffinus puffinus),

du Pétrel-frégate (Pelegodoma marina) et de la Sterne de Dougall (Sterna dougalli) aux iles Canaries [Preliminary data on nesting of Manx Shearwater, White-faced Frigate Petrel and Roseate Tern in the Canary Archpelago]. L'Oiseau et la Revue Francaise D'Ornithologie 59(1): 73-83.

McCanch, N.V. 1981. Notes: Predation on Manx Shearwaters by grey seals. British Birds 74(8): 348. McGeehan, A. & Gutiérrez, R. 1997. Identification: Dark secrets. Birdwatch 61: 26-30. Miles, W. et al. 2010. Effects of artificial lights and moonlight on petrels at St Kilda. Bird Study 57(2):

244-251. Moore, D. 2010. Notes: Manx Shearwaters feeding alongside Fin Whales. British Birds 103(6): 360. Monteiro, L.R. et al. 1999. Status and Distribution of Fea's Petrel, Bulwer's Petrel, Manx Shearwater,

Little Shearwater and Band-Rumped Storm-Petrel in the Azores Archipelago. Waterbirds 22(3): 368-366.

Morgan, G. 2012. The bird population of Ramsey and Grassholm. British Birds 105(12): 716-732. Newton, S.F. 2002. Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus proved breeding on Lambay, Co. Dublin.

Irish Birds 7(1): 140-141. O’Clery, M. 2007. Breeding seabirds of the Magharees and related islands, County Kerry, 2006/2007.

Irish Birds 8(2): 179-188. Perrins, C.M. & Brooke, M.deL. 1976. Manx Shearwaters in the Bay of Biscay. Bird Study 23: 295-

300. Perrins, C.M. et al. 1973. Survival of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus in relation to their

presumed date of hatching. Ibis 112: 242-255. Perrins, C.M. et al. 2012. A whole-island census of the Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus breeding

on Skomer Island in 2011. Seabird 25: 1-13. Pollock, C.M. 1994. Observations on the distribution of seabirds off south-west Ireland. Irish Birds

5(2): 173-182. Powlesland, R.G. & Pickard, C.R. 1992. Seabirds found dead on New Zealand beaches in 1988,

and a review of Puffinus species recoveries, 1943 to 1988. Notornis 39(1): 27-46. Roberson, D. 1996. Identifying the Manx Shearwater in the Northeastern Pacific. Birding XXVIII(1):

18-33. Rodríguez, A. & Rodríguez, B. 2009. Attraction of petrels to artificial lights in the Canary Islands:

effects of the moon phase and age class. Ibis 151: 299-310. Rodríguez, A. et al. 2008. Status and conservation requirements of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus

puffinus on Tenerife (Canary Islands). Alauda 76(1): 72-74. Saunders, D. & Sutcliffe, S. 2017. Great bird reserves: Skomer Island. British Birds 110(5): 278-295

(285-286). Saunders, D. 2002. Secret lives: Manx factor. Birdwatch 125: 22-25. Spencer, R. 1962. Notes: British-ringed Manx Shearwater recovered in Australia. British Birds 55(2):

86-87. Storey, A.E. & Lien, J. 1985. Development of the first North American colony of Manx Shearwaters.

The Auk 102: 395-401. van Bemmelen, R.S.A. et al. 2007. Masters of Mystery – Solutions of sixth round 2006: Yelkouan

Shearwater. Dutch Birding 29(1): 35-36. Verrall, K. 1990. Notes: Partial albinism of Manx Shearwaters. British Birds 83(1): 22-23. Vinicombe, K. 2005. ID at a glance: Balearctic Shearwater. Birdwatch 158: 30-32. Wahl, T.R. 1975. Seabirds in Washington's offshore zone. Western Birds 6(4): 117-134 (130). Ward, M. 2000. Rough passage. Birdwatch 98: 22-27 (24). Wink, M. et al. 1993. Genetic evidence for speciation of the Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus and

Mediterranean Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan. Vogelwelt 114: 226-232.

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Zonfrillo, B. et al. 2001. Proceedings of the first Manx Shearwater conference, Funchal, Madeira 2000. SPEA, Madeira.

Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan [Acerbi 1827, the Bosphorus, opposite Bujukdere, Turkey]. Breeding: Islands off France, Italy, Malta, Greece, Albania, Croatia & Turkey and possibly islands off Bulgaria & Tunisia. Non-breeding: Disperses mainly into Black Sea and sporadically to W Mediterranean. Other name: Levantine Shearwater. Andrew, D.G. 1990. Letter: Shearwaters, sirens and halcyons. British Birds 83(8): 334-335. Andrew, D.G. 1991. Letters: Shearwaters, sirens and halcyons. British Birds 84(5): 197. Bonnaud, E. et al. 2009. How can Yelkouan Shearwater survive feral cat predation? An unexpected

population structure as a solution? Population Ecology 51: 261-270. Borg, J.J. & Sultana, J. 2002. Status and distribution of the breeding Procellariiformes in Malta. il-

Merill 30: 10-15. Borg, J.J. et al. 2002. Pre-breeding movements and early nest visits by the Levantine Shearwater

Puffinus yelkouan in Malta. il-Merill 30: 20-23. Borg, V.P. 2011. Malta’s secret shearwaters. Birdwatch 230: 51-54. Bourgeois, K. & Vidal, E. 2007. Yelkouan Shearwater nest cavity selection and breeding success.

Comptes Rendus Biologies 330: 205-214. Bourgeois, K. & Vidal, E. 2008. The endemic Mediterranean Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus

yelkouan: distribution, threats and a plea for more data. Oryx 42: 187-194. Bourgeois, K. et al. 2007. Morphological versus acoustic analysis: what is the most efficient method

for sexing yelkouan shearwaters Puffinus yelkouan? Journal of Ornithology 148(3): 261-269. Bourgeois, K. et al. 2008. Colony-site selection drives management priorities for Yelkouan

Shearwater populations. Journal of Wildlife Management 72: 1188-1193. Bourgeois, K. et al. 2008. Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan presence and behaviour at

colonies: not only a moonlight question. Comptes Rendus Biologies 331: 88-97. Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. Letters: The status of Little, Audubon’s and ‘Levantine’ Shearwaters in Britain

and Ireland. British Birds 81(8): 401-402. Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. The Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus (puffinus?) yelkouan. British Birds 81(7):

306-319. Bourne, W.R.P. 1990. Letters: Ancient bird names. British Birds 83(12): 555-556. Bourne, W.R.P. 1991. Letters: Shearwaters, sirens and halcyons. British Birds 84(5): 197-198. British Ornithologists’ Union 2011. British Ornithologists’ Union Records Committee: 39th Report

(October 2010). Ibis 153: 227-232. Cade, M. 1983. Letters: The possibility of east Mediterranean Manx Shearwaters occurring in British

waters. British Birds 76(9): 413. Collinson, M. 2006. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and

Western Palearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323 (308). Curtis, W.F. et al. 1985. Identifying the smaller shearwaters. British Birds 78(3): 123-138. Darlaston, M. & Langman, M. 2016. Yelkouan Shearwater in Devon: new to Britain. British Birds

109(8): 448-456. Darlaston, M. 2008. Shear brilliance. Yelkouan Shearwater: Berry Head, Devon, 29 July 2008.

Birdwatch 195: 60-61. Eds. 2011. Shear luck. Yelkouan Shearwater: Cley, Norfolk, 29 August 2011. Birdwatch 232: 69. Genovart, M. et al. 2005. Two sibling species sympatrically breeding: a new conservation concern for

the critically endangered Balearic shearwater. Conservation Genetics 6(4): 601-606. Gil-Velasco, M. et al. 2015. Plumage variability and field identification of Manx, Yelkouan and

Balearic Shearwaters. British Birds 108(9): 514-519. Gutiérrez, R. 2004. Identification of Yelkouan, Balearic and Manx Shearwaters. Birding World 17(3):

111-112. Hobbs, M. 2003. Secret lives: Searching souls. Birdwatch 134: 27-30. Langman, M. & Darlaston, M. 2009. Could this be Britain’s first documented Yelkouan Shearwater?

Devon Birds 62: 31-34. Massa, B. 2006. Biological significance and conservation of biogeographical bird populations as

shown by selected Mediterranean species. Avocetta 30: 5-14 (10). McGeehan, A. & Gutiérrez, R. 1997. Identification: Dark secrets. Birdwatch 61: 26-30.

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Oppel, S. et al. 2011. Is the Yelkouan shearwater Puffinus yelkouan threatened by low adult survival probabilities? Biological Conservation 144(9): 2255-2263.

Pitches, A. 2016. News and comment: Yelkouan Shearwater is 600th British bird. British Birds 109(4): 196.

Rees, G.H. et al. 1986. Letters: Mediterranean races of Manx Shearwater in British waters. British Birds 79(7): 351-354.

Sangster, G. et al. 2002. The specific status of Balearic and Yelkouan Shearwaters. British Birds 95(12): 636-639.

van Bemmelen, R.S.A. et al. 2007. Masters of Mystery – Solutions of sixth round 2006: Yelkouan Shearwater. Dutch Birding 29(1): 35-36.

Vinicombe, K. 2005. ID at a glance: Balearctic Shearwater. Birdwatch 158: 30-32. Vittery, A. 1994. Letters: Status of the two forms of Mediterranean Shearwater. British Birds 87(4):

189. Wink, M. et al. 1993. Genetic evidence for speciation of the Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus and

Mediterranean Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan. Vogelwelt 114: 226-232. Yésou, P. et al. 1990. Plumage variation and identification of ‘Yelkouan Shearwater’. British Birds

83(8): 299-319. Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus [Lowe 1921]. Breeding: Formentera & surrounding islets, small islets off Mallorca, Cabrera, Menorca & Ibiza (all Balearic Islands). Non-breeding: W Mediterranean, coasts off NW Africa & Portugal, Bay of Biscay, SW Ireland & SW Britain. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as conspecific with Yelkouan Shearwater. Aguilar, J.S. et al. 2003. Preliminary results on the foraging ecology of Balearic shearwaters

(Puffinus mauretanicus) from bird-borne data loggers. Scientia Marina 67: 129-134. Alder, L.P. et al. 1952. Notes: Balearic Shearwater off Sussex and Norfolk. British Birds 45(2): 72. Andrade, J. & Ramirez, I. 2010. Monitoring Balearic Shearwaters on the Portugese Atlantic coast.

Seabird Group Newsletter 114: 9-13. Ash, J. & Rooke, K.B. 1954. Balearic Shearwater off the Dorset coast in 1953. British Birds 47: 285-

296. Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. The Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus (puffinus?) yelkouan. British Birds 81(7):

306-319. Bourne, W.R.P. 2008. Letters: The past British status of the Balearic Shearwater. British Birds

101(4): 213. British Ornithologists’ Union 2001. British Ornithologists’ Union Records Committee: 27th Report

(October 2000). Ibis 143: 171-175. Collinson, M. 2006. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and

Western Palearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323( 308). Curtis, W.F. et al. 1985. Identifying the smaller shearwaters. British Birds 78(3): 123-138. Darlaston, M. & Langman, M. 2016. Letters: Foot projection as a field identification character for

Balearic and Manx Shearwaters. British Birds 109(4): 241-242. Darlaston, M. & Wynn, R.B. 2012. Notes: A record influx of Balearic Shearwaters in Devon and

Cornwall. British Birds 105(1): 37-38. Darlaston, M. 2016. Notes: Numbers of Balearic Shearwaters passing through west Lyme Bay,

Devon, in 2006-2015. British Birds 109(6): 350-352. Elorriaga, J. & Pérez, B. 2011. Aberrant Balearic Shearwater in Strait of Gibraltar in July 2009. Dutch

Birding 33(3): 200. Flood, B. 2015. Identification: Manx and Balearic Shearwaters Photo Guide. Birdwatch 277: 45-52. Genovart, M. et al. 2003. A Discriminant Function for Predicting Sex in the Balearic Shearwater.

Waterbirds 26(1): 72-76. Genovart, M. et al. 2005. Two sibling species sympatrically breeding: a new conservation concern for

the critically endangered Balearic shearwater. Conservation Genetics 6(4): 601-606. Genovart, M. et al. 2012. Genetic and phenotypic differentiation between the critically endangered

Balearctic Shearwater and neighboring colonies of its sibling species. Journal of Heredity 103: 330-341.

Gil-Velasco, M. et al. 2015. Plumage variability and field identification of Manx, Yelkouan and Balearic Shearwaters. British Birds 108(9): 514-519.

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Gutiérrez, R. & Figuerola, J. 1995. Wintering distribution of the Balearic Shearwater (Puffinus yelkouan mauretanicus) off the northeastern coast of Spain. Ardeola 42(2): 161-166.

Gutiérrez, R. 2003. The Balearic Shearwater: apparently heading for extinction. Birding World 16(6): 260-263.

Gutiérrez, R. 2004. Identification of Yelkouan, Balearic and Manx Shearwaters. Birding World 17(3): 111-112.

Harrison, P. 1988. Seabirding aboard the Chalice in 1988. Birding World 1(10): 345-348. Hobbs, M. 2003. Secret lives: Searching souls. Birdwatch 134: 27-30. Le Corre, M. 2008. Conservation biology: Cats, rats and seabirds. Nature 451: 134-135. Louzao, M. et al. 2015. Evidence of Krill in the diet of Balearic Shearwaters Puffinus mauretanicus.

Marine Ornithology 43: 49-51. Mackrill, E. 1988. Notes: First record of ‘Balearic Shearwater’ for the Southern Hemisphere. British

Birds 81(7): 322. Mackrill, E.J. & Yésou, P. 1988. Notes: Leucism and partial albinism in Balearic race of Manx

Shearwater. British Birds 81(5): 235-236. McGeehan, A. & Gutiérrez, R. 1997. Identification: Dark secrets. Birdwatch 61: 26-30. Mouriño, J. et al. 2003. Status of the Balearic shearwater (Puffinus mauretanicus) on the Galician

coast (NW Iberian Peninsula). Scientia Marina 67(suppl.2): 135-142. Oro, D. et al. 2004. Modelling demography and extinction risk in the endangered Balearic shearwater.

Biological Conservation 116(1): 93-102. Rees, G.H. et al. 1986. Letters: Mediterranean races of Manx Shearwater in British waters. British

Birds 79(7): 351-354. Sangster, G. et al. 2002. The specific status of Balearic and Yelkouan Shearwaters. British Birds

95(12): 636-639. Vinicombe, K. 2005. ID at a glance: Balearic Shearwater. Birdwatch 158: 30-32. Vittery, A. 1994. Letters: Status of the two forms of Mediterranean Shearwater. British Birds 87(4):

189. Wallace, D.I.M. et al. 2001. Autumn migration in westernmost Donegal. British Birds 94(3): 103-120

(110). Ward, M. 2000. Rough passage. Birdwatch 98: 22-27 (24). Wink, M. et al. 1993. Genetic evidence for speciation of the Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus and

Mediterranean Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan. Vogelwelt 114: 226-232. Wynn, R.B. & McMinn, M. 2010. The predation of Balearic Shearwaters by Peregrine Falcons. British

Birds 103(6): 350-353. Wynn, R.B. & Yésou, P. 2007. The changing status of Balearic Shearwater in northwest European

waters. British Birds 100(7): 392-406. Wynn, R.B. 2009. Notes: Balearic Shearwaters in UK and Irish waters between 2004 and 2006.

British Birds 102(6): 350-351. Yésou, P. 2003. Recent changes in the summer distribution of Balearctic Shearwater Puffinus

mauretanicus off western France. Scientia Marina 67: 143-148. Yésou, P. 2007. Anomalies de coloration chez le Puffin des Baléares (Puffinus mauretanicus)

[Leucistic Balearic Shearwater]. Ornithos 14(1): 63-64. Yésou, P. et al. 1990. Plumage variation and identification of ‘Yelkouan Shearwater’. British Birds

83(8): 299-319. Bryan's Shearwater Puffinus bryani [Pyle, Welsh & Fleischer 2011, Midway Atoll, N Pacific Ocean]. Breeding: Not fully established, probably includes Bonin (or Ogasawara) Islands (Japan region, NW Pacific) and possibly in the NW Hawaiian islands. Non-breeding: Not known. A small Shearwater collected in a burrow on Sand Island, Midway Atoll on the 18th February 1963 by A.B. Amerson Jr. was identified as a Little Shearwater. It was subsequently examined by Peter Pyle in 2011, who concluded that the original identification was incorrect and the specimen represented a species new to science, Bryan’s Shearwater. In addition, Kazuto Kawakami, Masaki Eda, Kazuo Horikoshi, Hajime Suzuki, Hayato Chiba and Takashi Hiraoka have found six specimens of a small Puffinus shearwater since 1997 that is morphologically similar to Bryan's Shearwater on the Bonin (or Ogasawara) Islands in the north-western Pacific. They undertook genetic examinations of these samples, which has confirmed they are all Bryan's Shearwater, the same species as that found by Amerson Jr. on Sand Island in 1963 (Kawakami et al. 2012).

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Edwin Horace Bryan (1898-1985), American naturalist and one time curator of collections at the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum in Honolulu from 1919 to 1968. Chesser, R.T. et al. 2012. Fifty-third supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union check-list of

North American Birds. The Auk 129(3): 573-588 (576). Chikara, O. 2011. Possible records of the newly described Bryan’s Shearwater Puffinus bryani in

Japan. BirdingASIA 16: 86-88. Collar, N.J. & Inskipp, T.P. 2012. Species-level and other changes proposed for Asian birds, 2011.

BirdingASIA 18: 33-43 (33). Kawakami, K. et al. 2012. Bryan's Shearwaters Have Survived on the Bonin Islands, Northwestern

Pacific. The Condor 114(3): 507-512. Pyle, P. et al. 2011. A new species of Shearwater (Puffinus) recorded from Midway Atoll,

Northeastern Hawaiian Islands. The Condor 113(3): 518-527. Pyle, P. et al. 2014. Second record of Bryan’s Shearwater Puffinus bryani from Midway Atoll, with

notes on habitat selection, vocalizations and at-sea distribution. Marine Ornithology 42: 5-8. van Loon, A.J. 2012. DB Actueel: New bird species described in 2011. Dutch Birding 34(1): 74-75. Black-vented Shearwater Puffinus opisthomelas [Coues 1864, Cape San Lucas, Baja California]. Breeding: Isla de Guadalupe, Islas San Benito & Isla Natividad and other islands off and in Baja California (W Mexico). Non-breeding: Disperses N to C California and occasionally to British Columbia. Anthony, A.W. 1896. The Black-vented Shearwater (Puffinus opisthomelas). The Auk 13(3): 223-

228. Everett, W.T. 1988. Biology of the Black-vented Shearwater. Western Birds 19: 89-104. Garrett, K.L. 1990. Leucistic Black-vented Shearwaters (Puffinus opithomelas) in Southern California.

Western Birds 21: 69-72. Howell, S.N.G. 2007. The short tale of a melanistic Black-vented Shearwater. Western Birds 38: 235-

237. Keitt, B.S. 1998. Ecology and conservation biology of the black-vented shearwater (Puffinus

opisthomelas) on Natividad Island, Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve, Baja California Sur, Mexico. M.Sc. thesis, Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz.

Keitt, B.S. et al. 2000. Dive Depth and Diet of the Black-vented Shearwater (Puffinus opisthomelas). The Auk 117(2): 507-510.

Keitt, B.S. et al. 2002. The effect of feral cats on the population viability of black-vented shearwaters (Puffinus opisthomelas) on Natividad Island, Mexico. Animal Conservation 5(3): 217-223.

Keitt, B.S. et al. 2003. Breeding biology and conservation of the Black-vented Shearwater Puffinus opisthomelas. Ibis 145(4): 673-380.

Keitt, B.S. et al. 2004. Nocturnal behavior reduces predation pressure on Black-vented Shearwaters Puffinus opisthomelas. Marine Ornithology 32: 173-178.

Roberson, D. 1996. Identifying the Manx Shearwater in the Northeastern Pacific. Birding XXVIII(1): 18-33.

Toochin, R. 1998. A Black-vented Shearwater first record for the Strait of Georgia. Vancouver Natural History Society Discovery 27: 64-67.

Velarde, E. et al. 2015. Black-vented Shearwater Puffinus opisthomelas nesting in the Gulf of California: a major extension of breeding range. Marine Ornithology 43: 249-254.

Townsend's Shearwater Puffinus auricularis [C.H. Townsend 1890, Clarión Island, Revillagigedo Group, Mexico]. Breeding: Socorro Island (Revillagigedo Islands, off W Mexico). Non-breeding: Disperses N to S Baja California and S to El Salvador. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 to be polytypic with races auricularis and newelli. Race newelli here treated as a full species, Newell’s Shearwater. Charles Haskins Townsend (1859-1944), American naturalist who worked for many years with the US Fish Commission. He discovered the species in 1889 and described it the following year. Adams, M.P. et al. 2003. Extinct and endangered (‘E&E’) birds:a proposed list for collection

catalogues. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 123: 338-354.

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Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. The Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus (puffinus?) yelkouan. British Birds 81(7): 306-319.

Jehl, J.R. 1982. The Biology and Taxonomy of Townsend’s Shearwater. Le Gerfaut 72: 121-135. Marinez-Gomez, J.E. & Jocabsen, J.K. 2004. The conservation status of Townsend’s shearwater

(Puffinus auricularis auricularis). Biological Conservation 116(1): 35-47. Marinez-Gomez, J.E. 2015. Phylogenetic placement of the critically endangered Townsend’s

Shearwater (Puffinus auricularis auricularis): evidence for its conspecific status with Newell’s Shearwater (Puffinus a. newelli) and a mismatch between genetic and phenotypic differentiation. Journal of Ornithology DOI: 10.1007/s10336-015-1189-2.

Roberson, D. 1988.The 10 most likely additions to the ABA checklist. Birding XX(6): 353-363 (360). Roberson, D. 1996. Identifying the Manx Shearwater in the Northeastern Pacific. Birding XXVIII(1):

18-33. Newell's Shearwater Puffinus newelli [Henshaw 1900]. Breeding: Kauai, Molokai, Hawaii and probably Oahu, Maui & Lanai (SE Hawaiian Islands). Non-breeding: Not fully established, possibly moves south and east to the waters of the Equatorial Counter Current and occurs year round in E tropical Pacific. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as a race of Townsend’s Shearwater. Other names: Hawaiian Shearwater, Ao. Brother Matthias Newell (1854-1939), American missionary in Hawaii from 1886 to 1924. In 1894 native Hawaiians brought him several live shearwaters. Later, one of them became the type specimen for this species described by Henshaw, who named it after Brother Newell. Ainley, D.G. et al. 1995. The ecology of Newell’s Shearwater and Dark-rumped Petrel on the island of

Kauai. Final report, Task 2, Seabird ecology study. Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California.

Ainley, D.G. et al. 2001. The status and population trends of the Newell’s shearwater on Kaua`i: insights from modeling. Studies in Avian Biology 22: 108-123.

Byrd, G.V. et al. 1984. A cross-fostering experiment with Newell’s race of Manx Shearwater. Journal of Wildlife Management 48: 163-168.

Byrd, V. et al. 1978. The status of Newell’s Manx Shearwater, a threatened species. Pacific Seabird Group 5: 80.

Conant, S. 1980. Recent records of the Uau (Dark-rumped Petrel) and the Ao (Newell’s Shearwater) in Hawaii. Elepaio 41(1): 1-3.

Cooper, B.A. & Day, R.H. 1998. Summer behavior of dark-rumped petrels and Newell’s shearwaters at power lines on Kauai. Colonial Waterbirds 21: 11-19.

Day, R.H. & Cooper, B.A. 1995. Patterns of movement of Dark-rumped Petrels and Newell's Shearwaters on Kauai. The Condor 97(4): 1011-1027.

Day, R.H. et al. 2003. Decline of Townsend’s (Newell’s) sheawaters (Puffinus auricularis newelli) on Kauai, Hawaii. The Auk 120(3): 669-679.

Day, R.H. et al. 2003. Movement patterns of Hawaiian petrels and Newell’s shearwaters on the island of Hawai`i. Pacific Science 57: 147-159.

Fisher, H.I. 1951. The avifauna of Niihau Island, Hawaiian Archipelago. The Condor 53(1): 31-42 (36).

Grant, G.S. et al. 1994. First Specimens of Sooty Shearwater, Newell's Shearwater, and White-faced Storm-Petrel from American Samoa. Notornis 41(3): 215-217.

Griesemer, A.M. & Holmes, N.D. 2011. Newell’s shearwater population modeling for Habitat Conservation Plan and Recovery Planning. Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Botany. PCSU Technical Report, 164. 48 pp.

Jouanin, C. 1956. Une capture meconnue de Puffinus puffinus newellii Henshaw [A disregarded capture of Puffinus puffinus newellii]. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Muséum, Paris 28: 273-274.

King, W.B. & Gould, P.J. 1967. The status of Newell’s race of Manx Shearwater. Living Birds 6: 163-186.

Marinez-Gomez, J.E. 2015. Phylogenetic placement of the critically endangered Townsend’s Shearwater (Puffinus auricularis auricularis): evidence for its conspecific status with Newell’s Shearwater (Puffinus a. newelli) and a mismatch between genetic and phenotypic differentiation. Journal of Ornithology DOI: 10.1007/s10336-015-1189-2.

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Podolsky, R. et al. 1998. Mortality of Newell's Shearwaters caused by collisions with urban structures on Kaua'i. Colonial Waterbirds 21(1): 20-34.

Reed, J.R. et al. 1985. Light Attraction in Endangered Procellariiform Birds: Reduction by Shielding Upward Radiation. The Auk 102(2): 377-383.

Reed, J.R. et al. 1987. Polarizing filters fail to reduce light attraction in Newell’s Shearwaters. Wildlife Society Bulletin 15: 596-598.

Reynolds, M.H. & Ritchotte, G. 1997. Evidence of Newell’s shearwaters breeding in Puna District, Hawaii. Journal of Field Ornithology 68(1): 26-32.

Richardson, F. 1955. Reappearance of Newell’s Shearwater in Hawaii. The Auk 72(4): 412. Sincock, J.L. & Swedberg, G.E. 1969. Rediscovery of the nesting grounds of Newell’s Manx

Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus newelli), with observations. The Condor 71(1): 69-71. Telfer, T.C. 1979. Successful Newell's Shearwater salvage on Kauai. Elepaio 39: 71. Unitt, P. et al. 2009. First record of Newell’s Shearwater from the mainland of North America.

Western Birds 40: 21-28. Rapa Shearwater Puffinus myrtae [Bourne 1959]. Breeding: Islets off Rapa (Bass Islands, Austral Islands group, S French Polynesia) and possibly on Marotiri (south of Rapa). Non-breeding: Not fully established. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as a race of Little Shearwater. Other name: Kaki Kaki. Bourne, W.R.P. 1959. A new Little Shearwater from the Tubaui Islands: Puffinus assimilis myrtae

subsp. nov. Emu 59: 212-214. Marinez-Gomez, J.E. 2015. Phylogenetic placement of the critically endangered Townsend’s

Shearwater (Puffinus auricularis auricularis): evidence for its conspecific status with Newell’s Shearwater (Puffinus a. newelli) and a mismatch between genetic and phenotypic differentiation. Journal of Ornithology DOI: 10.1007/s10336-015-1189-2.

Shirihai, H. et al. 2017. The type of Rapa Shearwater Puffinus (newelli?) myrtae from the Austral Islands, Polynesia, with remarks on the morphological variation of the taxon. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 137(2):

Thibault, J-C. & Varney, A. 1991. Breeding seabirds of Rapa (Polynesia): numbers and changes during the 20th century. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 111(2): 70-77 (72-73).

Fluttering Shearwater Puffinus gavia [J.R. Forster 1844, Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand]. Breeding: Three Kings group, Moturoa group, Motuharakeke (Cavalli Islands), NW Chickens, Bream Islands, Mokohinau group, Channel Island, Mercury group, Ruamahuanui (Aldermen group) & Trio Islands and other islands in the Cook Strait (all North Island, New Zealand). Non-breeding: Disperses to seas around New Zealand, Tasman Sea area & S Australia. Other names: Brown-beaked Shearwater, Forster's Shearwater. Johann Reinhold Forster (1729-1798), a clergyman from Danzig who accompanied Cook as the naturalist on his second world voyage during 1772 and 1773. Bell, M. et al. 2005. Translocation of fluttering shearwater (Puffinus gavia) chicks to create a new

colony. Notornis 52(1): 11-15. Buurmann, D. & Shirihai, H. 2003. Kaikoura, New Zealand: the World’s No.1 site for seabirds and

marine mammals. Birding World 16(4): 161-172 (plate 12, p. 169). Gummer, H. & Adams, L. 2010. Translocation techniques for fluttering shearwaters (Puffinus gavia):

establishing a colony on Mana Island, New Zealand. Department of Conservation, Wellington. Holdaway, R.N. & Worthy, T.H. 1994. A New Fossil Species of Shearwater Puffinus From the Late

Quaternary of the South Island, New Zealand, and Notes on the Biogeography and Evolution of the Puffinus gavia Superspecies. Emu 94(3): 201-215.

McCallum, J. 1981. Birds of Tawhiti Rahi Island, Poor Knights Group, Northland, New Zealand. Tane 27: 59-66 (60).

Miskelly, C.M. et al. 2009. Translocations of eight species of burrow-nesting seabirds (genera Pterodroma, Pelecanoides, Pachyptila and Puffinus: Family Procellariidae). Biological Conservation 142(10): 1965-1980.

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Sawyer, S.L. & Fogle, S.R. 2010. Acoustic attraction of grey-faced petrels (Pterodroma macroptera gouldi) and fluttering shearwaters (Puffinus gavia) to Young Nick’s Head, New Zealand. Notornis 57: 166-168.

Tarburton, M.K. 1981. Notes and measurements of Hutton's and Fluttering Shearwaters found drowned at Kaikoura Peninsula. Notornis 28: 9-10.

Taylor, G.A. 2008. Maximum dive depths of eight New Zealand Procellariiformes, including Pterodroma species. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 142(1): 89-97.

Tennyson, A. & Pierce, R. 1995. The presence of Pycroft's Petrel (Pterodroma pycrofti) and other petrels on Mauitaha Island, New Zealand. Notornis 42(3): 212-214.


Wragg, G. 1985. The comparative biology of Fluttering shearwater and Hutton's shearwater and their relationship to other shearwater species. M.S. thesis Lincoln College, University of Canterbury.

Hutton's Shearwater Puffinus huttoni [Mathews 1912, Snares Island]. Breeding: Seaward Kaikoura Mountain Range (NE South Island, New Zealand). Non-breeding: W to seas off SE Australia & Tasmania. Historically some colonies have been wiped out by introduced pigs, so a protected artificial colony has been established near the town of Kaikoura. Other name: Kaikoura tītī tītī. Capt. Frederick Wollaston Hutton FRS (1836-1905), English zoologist, geologist and one time Royal Welsh Fusilier who settled in New Zealand. The Hutton Memorial Medal and Reserch Fund, a science award in New Zealand, is named in his honour. Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. The Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus (puffinus?) yelkouan. British Birds 81(7):

306-319. Clark, V.I. & Fleming, C.A. 1948. Huton’s Shearwater (Pufnus gavia hutoni Math.) in New Zealand.

New Zealand Bird Notes 2: 187-188. Corben, C. et al. 1974. Sightings of Huttons shearwater in Queensland. Sunbird 5(2): 55-56. Cuthbert, R. & Davis, L.S. 2002. Adult survival and productivity of Hutton's Shearwaters. Ibis 144(3):

423-432. Cuthbert, R. & Davis, L.S. 2002. The breeding biology of Hutton's Shearwater. Emu 102: 323-329. Cuthbert, R. & Davis, L.S. 2002. The impact of predation by introduced stoats on Hutton's

shearwaters, New Zealand. Biological Conservation 108(1): 79-92. Cuthbert, R. & Sommer, E. 2002. Home range, territorial behaviour and habitat use of stoats

(Mustela erminea) in a colony of Hutton's Shearwater (Puffinus huttoni), New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 29(2): 149-160.

Cuthbert, R. 2002. The role of introduced mammals and inverse density-dependent predation in the conservation of Hutton’s shearwater. Biological Conservation 108: 69-78.

Cuthbert, R. 2003. Sign left by introduced and native predators feeding on Hutton's shearwaters Puffinus huttoni. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 30(3): 163-170.

Cuthbert, R. et al. 2000. Seasonal variation in the diet of stoats in a breeding colony of Hutton's shearwaters. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 27: 367-373.

Cuthbert, R. et al. 2001. A sensitivity analysis of Hutton's shearwater: prioritizing conservation research and management. Biological Conservation 100: 163-172.

Cuthbert, R.J. 2001. Conservation and ecology of Hutton's shearwater (Puffinus huttoni). Conservation Advisory Science Notes No. 335, Department of Conservation, Wellington.

Evans, G.R. 1973. Hutton's Shearwaters initiating local soil erosion in the Seaward Kaikoura Range. New Zealand Journal of Science 16: 637-642.

Falla, R.A. 1965. Distribution of Hutton's Shearwater in New Zealand. Notornis 12: 66-70. Halse, S.A. & Halse, N.J. 1988. Seabirds and shorebirds at Ningaloo in winter, with comments on

Hutton’s shearwaters. Western Australian Naturalist 17: 97-106. Halse, S.A. 1981. Migration by Hutton's Shearwater. Emu 81(1): 42-44. Harrow, G. 1965. Preliminary report on discovery of nesting site of Hutton’s Shearwater. Notornis 23:

269-288. Harrow, G. 1976. Some observations of Hutton's Shearwater. Notornis 23(4): 269-288.

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Holdaway, R.N. & Worthy, T.H. 1994. A New Fossil Species of Shearwater Puffinus From the Late Quaternary of the South Island, New Zealand, and Notes on the Biogeography and Evolution of the Puffinus gavia Superspecies. Emu 94(3): 201-215.

Kemp, J. 2001. Predation on Hutton’s Shearwater by stoats: effect of a mast seeding year. Conservation Advisory Science Notes (Department of Conservation, New Zealand) 328: 1-9.

Miskelly, C.M. et al. 2009. Translocations of eight species of burrow-nesting seabirds (genera Pterodroma, Pelecanoides, Pachyptila and Puffinus: Family Procellariidae). Biological Conservation 142(10): 1965-1980.


Sherley, G.H. 1992. Monitoring Hutton's Shearwater 1986-1989. Notornis 39(4): 249-261. Sommer, E. et al. 2009. Population trends, breeding success and predation rates of Hutton’s

shearwater (Puffinus huttoni): a 20 year assessment. Notornis 56(3): 144-153. Tarburton, M.K. 1981. Notes and measurements of Hutton's and Fluttering Shearwaters found

drowned at Kaikoura Peninsula. Notornis 28: 9-10. Taylor, G.A. 2008. Maximum dive depths of eight New Zealand Procellariiformes, including

Pterodroma species. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 142(1): 89-97. Tennyson, A.J.D. et al. 2014. Clarification of collection data for the type specimens of Hutton’s

Shearwater Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912, and implications for the accuracy of historic subantarctic specimen data. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 134(4): 242-246.

Vernon, D.P. 1977. A specimen record of Hutton's shearwater from Booby Island, Queensland. Sunbird 8(4): 92-93.

Warham, J. 1981. Does Hutton’s shearwater circumnavigate Australia? Emu 81: 44. West, J. & Imber, M.J. 1985. Some foods of Hutton's Shearwater (Puffinus huttoni). Notornis 32(4):

333-336. Wood, K.A. 1993. Feeding behaviour, offal preferences and tarsus shape of Puffinus shearwaters off

central New South Wales. Notornis 40(2): 123-127. Wragg, G. 1985. The comparative biology of Fluttering shearwater and Hutton's shearwater and their

relationship to other shearwater species. M.S. thesis Lincoln College, University of Canterbury. Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri [Lesson 1839, Antilles]. [P.l. lherminieri] Breeding: Bermuda, cays around Little Abaco & possibly E Andros (Bahamas), Saba Key, Virgin Islands, Guadaloupe, La Désirade and some other Leeward Islands and Martinique, Rocher du Diamant, Barbados and some other Winward Islands and islets off Porto Rico. [P.l. loyemilleri] Breeding: Islets off the Caribbean coasts of Nicaragua & Panama and Islas los Roques (Venezuela). Non-breeding: Some populations sedentary, others move N & NE in to the W Atlantic. Treated by Onley & Scofield 2007 to include Puffinus baroli boydi. John James Audubon (1785-1851), father of American ornithology and author of the monumental 'Birds of America' in four volumes. Félix Louis L'Herminier (1779-1833), French pharmacist and naturalist who studied the flora and fauna of Guadeloupe between 1798 and 1829 and / or his son Ferdinand Joseph L'Herminier (1802-1866), who worked with his father in Guadeloupe for three years. Baltz, M.E. et al. 1998. New records of Audubon's Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri) breeding

colonies in the Exuma Cays. Bahamas Journal of Science 6(1): 43-46. Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. Letters: The status of Little, Audubon’s and ‘Levantine’ Shearwaters in Britain

and Ireland. British Birds 81(8): 401-402. Bourne, W.R.P. 1992. Debatable British and Irish seabirds. Birding World 5(10): 382-390. Bradlee, T.S. 1906. Audubon's Shearwater and Peale's Petrel breeding in Bermuda. The Auk 23(2):

217. Brinkley, E.S. & Patteson, J.B. 1998. Seabirds of the southern Gulf Stream. Birding World 11(11):

421-429. Collinson, M. 2006. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and

Western Palearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323 (308-309). Curtis, W.F. et al. 1985. Identifying the smaller shearwaters. British Birds 78(3): 123-138. Efe, M.A. & Musso, C.M. 2001. Primeiro registro de Puffinus lherminieri Lesson, 1839 no Brasil [First

record of Audubon’s Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri) for Brazil]. Nattereria 2: 21-23. Fraser, M. 2006. ListCheck. Birdwatch 163: 52-53.

35

Fraser, M. 2010. ListCheck: Specific status - Audubon's and Boyd's Shearwater. Birdwatch 220: 49. Haney, J.C. 1986. Seabird segregation at Gulf Stream frontal eddies. Marine Ecology Progress

Series 28: 279-285. Mackin, W.A. 2005. Neighbor–stranger discrimination in Audubon's shearwater (Puffinus l.

lherminieri) explained by a 'real enemy' effect. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 59(2): 326-332.

Mestre, L.A.M. et al. 2009. Dados biológicos de Puffinus lherminieri anilhados em Fernando de Noronha em 2005 e 2006 [Biological data of Puffinus lherminieri banded in Fernando de Noronha archipelago during 2005 and 2006]. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 17(1): 65-69.

Nieves-Rivera, A.M. 1995. Bones of Puffinus Lherminieri Lesson (Aves: Procellaridae) and Two Other Vertebrates from Cueva del Agua, Mona Isalnd, Puerto Rico (West Indies). Bulletin of the National Speleological Society 57(2): 99-102.

Olson, S.L. 2010. Stasis and turnover in small shearwaters on Bermuda over the last 400,000 years (Aves: Procellariidae: Puffinus lherminieri group). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 99: 699-707.

Patteson, B. & Sutherland, K. 2009. Gadfly petrels and other seabirds in the Gulf Stream off Cape Hatteras. Birding World 22(4): 151-161.

Patteson, B. 1996. Answers to the August Photo Quiz: Audubon's Shearwater. Birding XXVIII(5): 417-418.

Prater, T. 2012. Important Bird Areas: St. Helena. British Birds 105(11): 638-653 (645). Sangster, G. 2005. Taxonomic recommendations for British Birds: third report. Ibis 147: 821-826. Silva e Silva, R. & Olmos, F. 2010. Notes on the biology and morphology of Audubon’s Shearwaters

Puffinus lherminieri (Procellariiformes: Procellariidae) from Fernando de Noronha, northeast Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 18(3): 139-145.

Trimm Jr., N.A. & Hayes, W.K. Distribution of nesting Audubon’s Shearwaters (Puffinus lherminieri), on San Salvador Island, Bahamas, pp. 137–145. Found in: Buckner, S.D. & McGrath, T.A. (eds.). 2005. Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on the Natural History of the Bahamas. Gerace Research Centre, San Salvador Island, The Bahamas

Wetmore, A. 1959. Description of a race of the Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri from Panama. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 72: 19-22.

Persian Shearwater Puffinus persicus [Hume 1873]. [P.p. persicus] Breeding: Halaaniyaat Island (off SE Oman) and Socotra archipelago. Non-breeding: Probably to the Gulf of Oman or perhaps further E towards India. [P.p. temptator] Breeding: Moheli Island (Comoros, W Indian Ocean). Non-breeding: Not well known. A small group of Persian Shearwaters, not identified to subspecific level, were observed in the vicinity of Flat Top Bank, about 100’ west of Darwin, Australia in October 2010. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as races of Audubon’s Shearwater. Other name: Arabian Shearwater, Mohéli Shearwater (temptator). 1st WP Record: 22nd January 1985. Jaffa Port, Tel Aviv, Israel. Presumed same individual seen again at the same location between the 4th and 6th February (Shirihai, H. 1996. The Birds of Israel. Academic Press). Campbell, O. & Pedersen, T. 2011. Birding in the United Arab Emirates. Birding World 24(4): 160-

176 (plate 7, p. 165). Campbell, O. 2012. Summer seawatching on the edge of Arabia. Birding World 25(6): 258-263 (plate

1, p. 259). Cheke, A.S. & Diamond, A.W. 1986. Birds on Moheli and Grande Comore (Comoro Islands) in

February 1975. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 106: 138-148. Gallagher, M.D. 1983. The Kuria Murias re-visited and the discovery of Persian Shearwater nesting.

Journal of the RAF Ornithological Society 14: 148-153. Louette, M. & Herremans, M. 1985. A new race of Audubon’s Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri

breeding at Moheli, Comoro Islands. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 105(2): 3-48. Pittie, A. 2006. The dates of six taxa described by A.O. Hume (Puffinus persicus, Ephialtes brucei

and Ninox obscurus) and W.E. Brooks (Cyornis poliogenys, Phylloscopus sindianus and Calandrella tibetana). Indian Birds 2(5): 132-136.

Roselaar, C.S. & Aliabadian, M. 2009. Review of rare birds in Iran, 1860s-1960s. Podoces 4(1): 1-27 (5).

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Scott, D.A. 2008. Rare birds in Iran in the late 1960s and 1970s. Podoces 3(1-2): 1-30 (5). Shirihai, H. & Bretagnolle, V. 2015. The poorly known Mohéli Shearwater Puffinus (persicus)

temptator at the Comoro Islands, western Indian Ocean. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 135(3): 216-223.

Shivashankar, M. et al. 2011. A note on pelagic bird sightings off the Mulki coast of southern India. Indian Birds 7(3): 70-71.

Shobrak, M. et al. 2003. Regional Status of Breeding Seabirds in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. The Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Environment of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden (PERSGA).

Tropical Shearwater Puffinus bailloni [Bonaparte 1857]. [P.b. bailloni] Mauritius, Europa Island (S Mozambique Channel), Réunion (Mascarene archipelago, W Indian Ocean) and Desroches (Seychelles). [P.b. dichrous] Palau & Marianas Islands (NW Pacific), Nauru, Phoenix Islands & Line Islands (C Pacific), Samoa, Fiji, Tonga, Tahiti and Marquesas Islands (N French Polynesia) & Gambier Islands (Tuamotu archipelago, French Polynesia). [P.b. nicolae] Cousin Island & Amirante Islands, Seychelles, the Maldives and Banks Islands (Indian Ocean). [P.b. colstoni] Chagos archipelago & Aldabra Atoll (Indian Ocean). [P.b. gunax] Vanuatu (SW Pacific). Non-breeding: Not fully established, some populations probably sedentary. The proposed form polynesiae is included with P.b. dichrous. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as races of Audubon’s Shearwater. Louis Antoine François Baillon (1778-1855), French naturalist and collector. Baillon’s Crake is also named for him. 1st WP Record: 18th June 1992. North Beach, Eilat, Israel. Hadoram Shirihai (Shirihai, H. 1996. The Birds of Israel. Academic Press). Anderson, R.C. 2007. New records of birds from the Maldives. Forktail 23: 135-144 (141). Bretagnolle, V. & Atti, C. 1996. Coloration and biometrics of fledgling Audubon's Shearwaters

Puffinus lherminieri from Runion Island, Indian Ocean. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 166: 194-197.

Bretagnolle, V. et al. 2000. Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri on Reunion Island, Indian Ocean: Behaviour, census, distribution, biometrics and breeding biology. Ibis 142: 399-412.

Buden, D.W. 2008. The birds of Nauru. Notornis 55(1): 8-19. Burger, A.E. & Lawrence, A.D. 2001. Census of Wedge-tailed Shearwaters Puffinus pacificus and

Audubon's Shearwaters P. lherminieri on Cousin Island, Seychelles using call-playback. Marine Ornithology 29: 57-64.

Burger, A.E. 2001. Diving depths of Shearwaters. The Auk 118(3): 755-759. Carter, M. 1988. Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri in Australia. Australian Bird Watcher 12:

141-149. Cheshire, N. 2010. Procellariiformes observed around Papua New Guinea including the Bismarck

Archipelago from 1985 to 2007. South Australian Ornithologist 36(1-2): 9-24 (19). Dufour, O. et al. 2016. First automatic passive acoustic tool for monitoring two species of

procellarides (Pterodroma baraui and Puffinus bailloni) on Reunion Island, Indian Ocean. Ecological Informatics 35: 55-60.

Eds. 1995. A new Western Palearctic bird. Birding World 8(7): 241. Flood, R.L. et al. 2015. Barau’s Petrel, Mascarene Petrel and other tubenoses off Réunion, Indian

Ocean, in December 2014. Dutch Birding 37(5): 295-301 (300). Gineste, B. et al 2017. Tropical Shearwater population stability at Reunion Island, despite light

pollution. Journal of Ornithology 158(2): 385-394. Lambert, K. 2005. The spatial and seasonal occurrence of seabirds (Aves) off southern Mozambique.

Durban Museum Novitates 30: 45-60 (51). Le Corre, M. 2000. Taxonomic affinities of the Audubon’s Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri) from

Europa Island, Southern Mozambique Channel. The Condor 102: 187-190. Le Corre, M. et al. 2002. Light-induced mortality of petrels: a 4-year study from Réunion Island

(Indian Ocean). Biological Conservation 105(1): 93-102. Sangster, G. et al. 2011. Taxonomic recommendations for British Birds: seventh report. Ibis 153(4):

883-892.

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Shirihai, H. & Christie, D.A. 1996. A new taxon of small shearwater from the Indian Ocean. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 116: 180-186.

Shirihai, H. & Sinclair, I. 1994. An Unidentified Shearwater at Eilat. Birding World 7(7): 274-278. Shirihai, H. 2001. The Mascarene Shearwater. Birding World 14(2): 78-85. Shirihai, H. et al. 1995. A new species of Puffinus shearwater from the western Indian Ocean.

Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 115: 75-87. Thibault, J-C. et al. 2013. Breeding birds of Hatuta‘a, Marquesas Islands: species inventory and

influence of drought on their abundance. Bulletin of the British Ornithologist' Club 133(3): 168-177. Wiles, G.J. et al. 2000. Noteworthy Bird Records for Micronesia, with a Summary of Raptor Sightings

in the Mariana Islands, 1988-1999. Micronesica 32(2): 257-284 (259). Galapágos Shearwater Puffinus subalaris [Ridgway 1897]. Breeding: Islets off Santa Cruz, Española Island, Wenman Island, Champion Island & Indefatigable (all Galapágos Islands). Non-breeding: Largely sedentary with some dispersal towards Central America. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as a race of Audubon’s Shearwater. Chesser, R.T. et al. 2012. Fifty-third supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union check-list of

North American Birds. The Auk 129(3): 573-588 (576). Harris, M.P. 1969. Food as a factor controlling the breeding of Puffinus lherminieri. Ibis 111(2): 139-

156. Harris, M.P. 1979. Survival and Ages of First Breeding of Galápagos Seabirds. Bird-Banding 50(1):

56-61. Snow, D.W. 1965. The Breeding of Audubon's Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri) in the Galapagos.

The Auk 82(4): 591-597. Bannerman's Shearwater Puffinus bannermani [Mathews & Iredale 1915]. Breeding: Volcano Island and Bonin (or Ogasawara) Islands (Japan region, NW Pacific). Non-breeding: Off Japan and S thru NW Pacific to tropics. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as a race of Audubon’s Shearwater. Dr. David Armitage Bannerman (1886-1979), British ornithologist who was on the staff at the British Museum. He co-authored numerous books including ‘The Birds of the Atlantic Islands’ and was Chairman of the BOU between 1932 and 1935. Chiba, H. et al. 2007. The Distribution of Seabirds in the Bonin Islands, Southern Japan. Journal of

the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 39(1): 1-17. Heinroth's Shearwater Puffinus heinrothi [Reichenow 1919, Blanche Bay, New Britain]. Breeding: Bismarck archipelago, Arawa (Bougainville group) and Rendova & Kolumbangara (Solomon Islands) and possibly New Britain. Non-breeding: Not known, probably sedentary. Oskar August Heinroth (1871-1945), German doctor and zoologist who the director of the Berlin Aquarium for over 30 years. Adams, M.P. et al. 2003. Extinct and endangered (‘E&E’) birds:a proposed list for collection

catalogues. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 123: 338-354. Cheshire, N. 2010. Procellariiformes observed around Papua New Guinea including the Bismarck

Archipelago from 1985 to 2007. South Australian Ornithologist 36(1-2): 9-24 (19). Dutson, G. 2001. New distributional ranges for Melanesian birds. Emu 101(3): 237-248. Flood, R.L. et al. 2017. Observations of five little-known tubenoses from Melanesia in January 2017.

Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 137(3): 226-236 (233-235). Gibbs, D. 1996. Notes on Solomon Island birds. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 116(1): 18-

25 (18). Harrison, P. 2014. At-sea observations of Heinroth’s shearwater (Puffinus heinrothi). Notornis 61: 97-

102. Heinroth, O. 1902. Ornithologische Ergebnisse der ‘1. Deutschen Südsee Expedition von Br.

Mencke’ [Ornithological results of the South Sea expedition by Br. Mencke]. Journal für Ornithologie 50: 390-457.

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Reichenow, A. 1919. Bericht über die Januarsitzung 1919 [Report of the January 1919 session]. Journal für Ornithologie 67: 225.

Shirihai, H. 2004. Pioneering pelagics: Voyage of discovery. Birdwatch 143: 36-39. Simpson, D.M. 1990. Heinroth’s Shearwater off Bougainville Island – January 1990. Sea Swallow 39:

64-65. Steadman, D.W. et al. 1990. Extinction, Biogeography, and Human Exploitation of Birds on Tikopia

and Anuta, Polynesian Outliers in the Solomon Islands. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 30: 118-153 (127).

Little Shearwaters

Little Shearwater Puffinus assimilis [Gould 1838, New South Wales = Norfolk Island]. [P.a. assimilis] Breeding: Philip Island & Nepean Island (Norfolk group, Tasman Sea, Australia region) and Lord Howe Island & Roach Island (Lord Howe group, Tasman Sea). [P.a. kermadecensis] Breeding: Herald Island, Curtis Island & Macauley Islands (Kermadec Islands, SW Pacific). [P.a. haurakiensis] Breeding: Island groups off the NE coast of North Island New Zealand. [P.a. tunneyi] Breeding: Amsterdam Island & St. Paul Island (S Indian Ocean) and Houtman Abrolhos Group & Récherche archipelago (off SW Australia).

Subantarctic Shearwater Puffinus elegans [Giglioli & Salvadori 1869] Breeding: Star Keys & Little Mangere (Chatham Islands, New Zealand region), Antipodes Islands (New Zealand region) and Tristan da Cunha & Gough Island (S Atlantic). Non-breeding: Not fully established. Other name: Subantarctic Little Shearwater. Booth, A.M. et al. 1996. Kiore (Rattus exulans) predation on the eggs of the Little Shearwater

(Puffinus assimilis haurakiensis). Notornis 43(3): 147-153. Booth, A.M. et al. 2000. Aspects of the breeding ecology of the North Island little shearwater Puffinus

assimilis haurakiensis. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 27: 335-345. Booth, A.M. et al. 2000. Co-ordinated food provisioning in the Little Shearwater Puffinus assimilis

haurakiensis: a previously undescribed foraging strategy in the Procellariidae. Ibis 142: 144-146. Clarke, R.H. & Schulz, M. 2005. Land-based observations of seabirds off sub-Antarctic Macquarie

Island during 2002 and 2003. Marine Ornithology 33: 7-17 (14). Collinson, M. 2006. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and

Western Palearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323 (308-309). Duriez, O. et al. 2005. Birds and wildlife of the French sub-antarctic islands: Crozet, Kerguelen and

Amsterdam & St Paul. Dutch Birding 27(2): 87-115 (plate 113, p. 94). Flood, B. et al. 2013. Tubenoses in the southwest Atlantic in April 2012. Birding World 26(7): 304-308

(308). McCallum, J. 1981. Birds of Tawhiti Rahi Island, Poor Knights Group, Northland, New Zealand. Tane

27: 59-66 (60). Miskelly, C.M. et al. 2006. Additions to the Chatham Islands' bird list, with further records of vagrant

and colonising bird species. Notornis 53: 215-230 (219). Powlesland, R.G. & Pickard, C.R. 1992. Seabirds found dead on New Zealand beaches in 1988,

and a review of Puffinus species recoveries, 1943 to 1988. Notornis 39(1): 27-46. Tennyson, A. & Pierce, R. 1995. The presence of Pycroft's Petrel (Pterodroma pycrofti) and other

petrels on Mauitaha Island, New Zealand. Notornis 42(3): 212-214. Macaronesian Shearwaters

Barolo Shearwater Puffinus baroli [Bonaparte 1857]. Breeding: Azores, Madeira, Desertas, Ilhas Selvagens & Canary Islands. Non-breeding: Not fully established. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as a race of Little Shearwater. Barolo Shearwater is named after the Italian estate of Carlo Tancredi Falletti and / or Juliette Victurine Colbert di Maulévrier, the Marchese and Marchesa di Barolo.

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Boyd's Shearwater Puffinus boydi [Mathews 1912]. Breeding: Cape Verde Islands. Non-breeding: Not fully established. Treated by del Hoyo et al. 1992 as a race of Little Shearwater. Treated by Onley & Scofield 2007 as a race of Audubon’s Shearwater. Other name: Cape Verde Little Shearwater. Capt. Boyd Alexander (1873-1910), British Army officer, explorer and ornithologist who collected in the Cape Verde Islands. Bannerman, D. 1964. On the status of Puffinus assimilis baroli in the Azores archipelago. Bulletin of

the British Ornithologists' Club 84(6): 111-112. Barone, R. & Hering, J. 2010. Recent bird records from Fogo, Cape Verde Islands. Bulletin of the

African Bird Club 17(1): 72-78 (73). Barone, R. & Trujillo, D. 2007. Pardela chica Puffinus assimilis [Little Shearwater], pp. 113-118.

Found in: Lorenzo, J.A. (ed.). Atlas de las aves nidificantes en el archipiélago canario (1997-2003). Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza – Sociedad Española de Ornitología (SEO/BirdLife), Madrid.

Bourne, W.R.P. 1988. Letters: The status of Little, Audubon’s and ‘Levantine’ Shearwaters in Britain and Ireland. British Birds 81(8): 401-402.

Bourne, W.R.P. 2013. Letters: White-tailed Tropicbird and Boyd’s Shearwater. Birding World 26(2): 87.

Bourne, W.R.P. et al. 2013. Letters: Shearwaters and their names. British Birds 106(3): 172. British Ornithologists’ Union 2001. British Ornithologists’ Union Records Committee: 27th Report

(October 2000). Ibis 143: 171-175. British Ornithologists’ Union 2005. British Ornithologists’ Union Records Committee: 31st Report

(October 2004). Ibis 147: 246-250. Collinson, M. 2006. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and

Western Palearctic lists. British Birds 99(6): 306-323 (308-309). Crochet, P-A. 2006. Little Shearwater: underwing pattern. Birding World 19(2): 19-20. Curtis, W.F. et al. 1985. Identifying the smaller shearwaters. British Birds 78(3): 123-138. Eds. 2007. Pigeonhole: Macaronesian Shearwater 18 miles north of Veatch’s Canyon, USA. Birding

World 20(8): 352. Fraser, M. 2006. ListCheck. Birdwatch 163: 52-53. Fraser, M. 2010. ListCheck: Specific status: Audubon's and Boyd's Shearwater. Birdwatch 220: 49. Hazevoet, C.J. 1997. Notes on distribution, conservation, and taxonomy of birds from the Cape


James, P.C. & Alexander, M. 1984. Madeiran Little Shearwater Puffinus assimilis baroli prospecting on Skomer Island, U.K. Ardea 72: 236-237.

James, P.C. & Robertson, H.A. 1984. Sexual dimorphism in the voice of the Little Shearwater Puffinus assimilis. Ibis 127: 388-390.

James, P.C. & Robertson, H.A. 1986. How useful are vocalizations in Petrel systematics? Emu 86(3): 186-189.

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2005. Birdwatch 160: 59. Langman, M. 2012. Shear seawatching bliss. Barolo Shearwater: Berry Head, Devon, 7 June 2012.

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