introduction arduino

EE 260 Lecture 1Introduction to the Course

EE 260: Lecture 1 Course Overview & Introduction

Course Objectives

Interface a microcontroller to a variety of analog and digital input and output devices.!

Program a microcontroller to implement a closed-loop automatic control.!

Write and Troubleshoot assembly language code for a microcontroller.!

Analyze a problem to determine appropriate microcontroller use.

At the conclusion of this class, students should be able to:


Required Acquisitions

Textbook ! Arduino (R3) + cable! Arduino IDE ! EduShield! (Project Book)

Buy: $54!Rent: $40.50

Will begin using this right away.



Textbook ! Arduino (R3) + USB cable! Arduino IDE ! EduShield! (Project Book) Buy: $22!

EE Office

Will begin using this 1/23/2014.



Textbook ! Arduino (R3) + USB cable! Arduino IDE ! EduShield! (Project Book) FREE!!

www.arduino.ccWill begin using this 1/23/2014.



Textbook ! Arduino (R3) + cable ! Arduino IDE ! EduShield! (Project Book)

Check Out: Free!Purchase: $35

Will begin using this 1/23/2014.


Recommended Acquisitions

Textbook ! Arduino (R3) + cable! Arduino IDE ! EduShield! (Project Book)

Will use this later in teams.


CANVAS

Assignments Posted/Submitted! Announcements! Grades! Groups! Files (Almost All)! Modules (Homework, Lectures, Exam Stuff)


Lecture Videos

http://128.123.130.134/files260/Lectures/


What is an Embedded System?

The integration of:! Sensors! Actuators! Intelligence!

with a system to produce:! More capable, versatile, and robust performance


Appropriate Microcontroller Use

Intelligence is required in the system.! The complexity of a system is reduced when using one.! The cost of the microcontroller is less than using

discrete components to do the same job.! A variety of sensors and actuators must be integrated in

the system! Communication with other devices is necessary.

A microcontroller is a correct tool to use when:


Appropriate Microcontroller Use

The system requires little or no intelligence.! The system can be made easier and/or cheaper using

discrete-components! The microcontroller is undersized for the problem!

too slow! too much number crunching required! too many things going on

A microcontroller is NOT the correct tool to use when:


The Embedded System Concept Map

UserInterface

ControllerHardware

+Software

PowerInterface

Actuator

SignalConditioner

Systemneedingcontrol

PowerSource

PowerSource

Sensor

(Arduino)


System Needing Control

Mechanical! Electrical! Electro-Mechanical (Mechatronic)! Biological! Thermodynamic! Chemical! .


System Needing Control

Whats wrong with it?! What would we like to do with it?! What can we do with it?


Example: SawStop

Powerful electric table saws can cut off fingers.! How to prevent this?! Organic bodies are conductive, and generally

softer than wood. Using this knowledge can be a clue to solving the problem.


Example: SawStop

Smart saw applies a small electrical signal to the blade! Sensor and DSP monitor the signal.! When blade contacts skin, the signal changes! The change activates the safety system:!

An aluminum brake locks onto the blade! The blades momentum causes it to swing beneath the table

and out of the way! Power to the motor is shut off


Example: SawStop

ControllerHardware

+Software

PowerInterface

Motor

Brake

DSP

SawBlade

PowerSource

Sensor


Sensor + Signal Conditioner

Required for closed loop control! (What is the system called if it uses no sensor?)! Measures important system variable(s)! These measurements may need to be conditioned

for use by the brain.! The conditioning involves scaling, offsetting,

filtering, etc. required for the controller to have meaningful data.


Power Source(s)

May need to provide multiple voltage levels (e.g., +5v, 12v, +24v)!

May need to supply power other than electrical (e.g., hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.)!

May require both high-power and low-power levels.


Power Interface

Needs to do a power amplification! Able to handle the power requirements demanded

by the actuator! Usually analog, possibly PWM

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 200

50

100

150

200

250

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1


Actuator

Energy conversion device! Converts power to the kind needed by the

controlled device.! motor, brake, pump, solenoid, linear actuator,

flaps, etc.


User Interface

Takes input commands from the user! Provides meaningful information to the user! Could be a:!

GUI! Meter! Numerical readout! Warning indicator! etc.


Controller Hardware

Computer (analog or digital)! Microcontroller! Communication circuit!

other devices of UI! Interface Circuitry!

pullup/pulldown resistors! analog processing


Controller Software

C/C++/Arduino IDE for many functions! Assembly language for higher speed functions! FPGA for highest speed (VHDL)


Microcontroller MFGRsAMCC !Atmel!Comfile Technology

Inc.!Coridium!Cypress

MicroSystems!Dallas

Semiconductor !Elba Corp.!Freescale

Semiconductor !Fujitsu!

Holtek!Infineon!Intel!Microchip

Technology!National

Semiconductor!NEC!Parallax, Inc.!Philips

Semiconductors!PICAXE!Renesas Technology!

Silabs!Silicon Motion!STMicroelectronics!Texas Instruments!Toshiba!Western Design

Center!Ubicom!Xemics!Xilinx!ZiLOG


Why the Arduino?

Improvement over other micro-controllers for hobby usage!

Inexpensive! IDE on multiple platforms (Mac, PC, Linux)! Simple, clear programming environment: C! Open source and extensible software/hardware! Arduino Shields


Arduino Shields

VGA camera! GPS! LCD displays! Ethernet! WiFi! Motor control

(dc, stepper) !

Load Cell! Accelerometer/Gyros! LED displays! Memory Cards! Weather Sensors! Relays! Mobile Robot


Arduino ApplicationsArduino Web Server

Ethernet

Storage

Processor


Arduino Applications

Light dimmer that responds to music (MIDI)

AudioSource

Pre-AmpRectifier

HPF

BPF

LPF

A0

A1

A2

Relays

SpotLights


Arduino Applications

Piano Gloves

introduction arduino

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