interrupt. incoming lab. interrupt an asynchronous signal indicating the need for attention hardware...
TRANSCRIPT
Interrupt
incoming Lab.
Interrupt
an asynchronous signal indicating the need for attention
hardware interrupt/software interruptcall “interrupt service routine”(interrupt handler, inter-rupt routine)interrupt source/interrupt vector/interrupt priority
incoming Lab.
생활 속에 인터럽트
영화 감상
문자
영화 정지
답신
재생
중요
스팸
1234
5678…
12345
시간
Gom player cell phone
interrupt interrupt
incoming Lab.
program with or without interrupt
b = *ADC0;c = *ADC1;a = b+c;i=0;while(i<10){ a += b; i++;}
b = *ADC0;c = *ADC1;a = b+c;
i=0;while(i<10){ a += b; i++;}
without interrupt with interrupt
if ( a>10 ) a = c;else a = b;
interruptservice
routine(ISR)
incoming Lab.
interrupt is an asynchronous event
b = *ADC0;c = *ADC1;a = b+c;
i=0;while(i<10){ a += b; i++;}
if ( a>10 ) a = c;else a = b;
b = *ADC0;
c = *ADC1;a = b+c;i=0;while(i<10){ a += b; i++;}
if ( a>10 ) a = c;else a = b;
ISR
ISR
incoming Lab.
c.f.) function in program
b = *ADC0;c = *ADC1;a = b+c;func();i = 0;while(i<10){ a += b; i++;}
b = *ADC0;c = *ADC1;a = b+c;
i=0while(i<10){ a += b; i++;}
void func(){ if ( a>10 ) a = c; else a = b;}
incoming Lab.
ATmega128 interrupt Source (I)
35 개
incoming Lab.
ATmega128 interrupt Source (II)
incoming Lab.
Interrupt 처리 과정
Interrupt request from an interrupt source예 ) INT0 Signal
If masked, ignore the interrupt.Program counter(PC) is saved.PC is changed to the program address according to the interrupt source
예 ) PC <= 0x0002
Jump to the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)예 ) jmp EXT_INT0 (PC <= EXT_INT0)
After the end of ISR, PC is restored.
incoming Lab.
Interrupt Vector Table
memory address of an interrupt service routine
incoming Lab.
External Interrupt : INT0~INT7
INT0~INT3 : PD0~PD3 (Port D)INT4~INT7 : PE4~PE7 (Port E)
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Global Interrupt Enable
SREG(Status Register)
I (7 bit) : Global Interrupt Enable전체 인터럽트를 허용하도록 설정하는 비트‘1’ : interrupt enable‘0’ : interrupt disable SEI : ‘1’ 로 변경 (interrupt enable)CLI : ‘0’ 으로 변경 (interrupt disable)
incoming Lab.
EIMSK register
External Interrupt MaSK registerExternal Interrupt (INT0~INT7) 의 허용 여부를 제어
‘1’ : enable ‘0’: disable예 ) EIMSK = 0xA4;address : 0x59
incoming Lab.
External Interrupt Control Register (E-ICRA, EICRB)
Interrupt Trigger Level trigger
low level : ‘0’ 상태이면 interrupt trigger high level : ‘1’ 상태이면 interrupt trigger
Edge trigger rising edge : ‘0’ -> ‘1’ 이면 interrupt trigger falling edge : ‘1’ -> ‘0’ 이면 interrupt trigger
EICRA, EIRCB
0x5A
0x6A
incoming Lab.
EICRA, EICRB
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예 ) Enable Interrupt
INT0, rising edgeDDRD &= 0xFE; /* PD0 : interrupt source, input */EICRA = 0x03;EIMSK = 0x01;sei(); /* global interrupt enable */
SEI instruction 의 C code, mnemonic code cli(); /* global interrupt disable */
INT7, falling edge;DDRE &= 0xEF; /* PE7 : interrupt source, input */EICRB = 0x80;EIMSK = 0x80;sei(); /* global interrupt enable */
incoming Lab.
Interrupt Service Routine
ISR(vector, attributes)Format of WinAVR
C:\WinAVR-20100110\doc\avr-libc\avr-libc-user-manu-al.pdf 의 p.233 ~
vector : interrupt source p.237 의 표 참조 예 ) INT0_vect : external interrupt 0 (PD0)
attributes : interrupt 속성 , 생략 가능예 ) ISR(INT0_vect) { … } /* external interrupt 0 (PD0) 가 발생할 때 ISR */
incoming Lab.
Interrupt Vector Table Initialize
WinAVR : ISR(vector, attributes)ISR 의 시작 번지가 자동으로 해당 vector table 에 저장
in general ( 예 )unsigned int *ivt;ivt = (unsigned int *)0x0002;*ivt = int_service_routine;
/* C program 에서는 함수의 이름이 주소를 나타냄 */ …
…void int_service_routine(){ /* interrupt service routine */…}
incoming Lab.
Interrupt Priority & EIFR
인터럽트의 우선 순위두 개 이상의 인터럽트가 동시에 발생될 경우하위 주소의 인터럽트가 상위 주소의 인터럽트 보다 우선 순위가 높다예 ) INT0 > INT1 > … > USART0 > …
interrupt flag register (EIFR)External Interrupt (INT0~INT7) 의 발생 여부를 나타냄
incoming Lab.
Interrupt 실습
#include <avr/io.h>#include <avr/interrupt.h>
int main(){
DDRD = 0x18;
EICRA = 0x02; /* falling edge */EIMSK = 0x01; /* left S/W interrupt enable */
sei(); /* SEI instruction 의 C code, mnemonic code */
while(1); return 0;
}
incoming Lab.
falling edge or rising edge
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Interrupt Service Routine
ISP(INT0_vect){ PORTD |= 0x10;}
incoming Lab.
In flash program memory0x0000 : jmp
0x0054
0x0002 : jmp
0x00a0
…
0x0054 : ….
…
0x00a0 : ….
….
…. : reti
Reset or Restart
INT0 (left S/W)
main program
interrupt service routine
incoming Lab.
Interrupt 실습 : LED 다시 켜기 , while 문만 변경
#include <avr/io.h>#include <avr/interrupt.h>
int main(){ …
sei();
while(1) { if( (PIND & 0x01) == 1 ) PORTD &= 0xEF;
}return 0;
}
incoming Lab.
Interrupt 실습 : INT1 (RIGHT)
#include <avr/io.h>#include <avr/interrupt.h>
int main(){
DDRD = ________;
EICRA = ________;EIMSK =________;
sei();
while(1); return 0;
}
incoming Lab.
Interrupt Service Routine
ISR(INT1_vect){ PORTD |= 0x10;}
incoming Lab.
실습 : INT0, INT1 모두 사용
#include <avr/io.h>#include <avr/interrupt.h>
int main(){
DDRD = ________;
EICRA = ________;EIMSK =________;
sei();
while(1); return 0;
}
incoming Lab.
실습 : INT0, INT1 모두 사용
ISP(INT0_vect) /* Left S/W => LED Off */{ PORTD |= 0x10;}
ISR(INT1_vect) /* Right S/W => LED On */{ PORTD &= 0xEF;}
incoming Lab.
main switch problem : wait-polling
int main() { … while (1) { cmd = rxd_char(); if( main S/W is left) { Motor Off; } else { switch(cmd){ case …
unsigned char rxd_char() { unsigned char data; while( (UCSR0A & 0x80) == 0) ; data = UDR0 ; return data ; }
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one possible solution : still polling
int main() { … while (1) { if( (UCSR0A & 0x80) != 0 ) cmd = UDR0 ; if( main S/W is left) { Motor Off; } else { switch(cmd){ case …
incoming Lab.
solution with interrupt (I)
int main() { … while (1) { cmd = rxd_char(); if( main S/W is left) { Motor Disable; } else { switch(cmd){ case …
ISR(INT0_vect) {
Motor Disable; }
main S/Winterrupt
incoming Lab.
solution with interrupt (II)int main() { … while (1) { cmd = rxd_char(); if( … ) { Left Motor Dis-
able; } else if (… ) { RightMotor Dis-
able; } else { switch(cmd){ case …
ISR(INT0_vect) { Left Motor Dis-able;}
left S/Winterrupt
ISR(INT1_vect) { Right Motor Dis-able;}
right S/Winterrupt
incoming Lab.
USART Interrupt
USART0 사용USCR0B Register
RXCIE0 (7 bit) = ‘1’;USCR0B : ’18’ -> ’98’
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USART0 Interrupt Service Routine
ISR(USART0_RX_vect){ Cmd_U0 = UDR0; /* Cmd_U0 : global 변수 */}
…unsigned char Cmd_U0; /* global 변수 선언
위치 */int main() {
…
incoming Lab.
변수의 허용 범위
block : {} 내의 선언문 및 실행문block 내에서 선언된 변수는 block 내에서 만 유효Example)
int a = 2;printf(“%d\n”,a);{ int a = 3; printf(“%d\n”,a);}printf(“%d\n”,a);
incoming Lab.
USART0 interrupt program
#include <avr/io.h>#include <avr/interrupt.h>
unsigned char Cmd_U0;int main(){
/* 초기화 code, Port I/O, USART0, Interrupt Enable */
while(1){ switch(Cmd_U0) { case : … } }
return 0;}
incoming Lab.
USART0 interrupt 실습
‘n’ : LED on, ‘f’ : LED off
switch(Cmd_U0){ case ‘n’ : PORTD &= 0xEF; break; case ‘f’ : PORTD |= 0x10; break; default : }
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실습 과제
모든 input 은 interrupt 로 처리
Left S/W 를 이용하여 left motor enable/disable‘0’ : Disable ‘1’ : Enable
Right S/W 를 이용하여 right motor enable/disable‘0’ : Disable ‘1’ : Enable
UART 통신을 이용하여 Motor 제어Key map 정의
예 ) R : right forward, r : right backward