interpretive research workshop 1 20/01/20141 produced by dr. anne broderick, de montfort university...
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Interpretive Research Workshop 1
20/01/2014 1produced by Dr. Anne Broderick, De Montfort University
London Metropolitan University Monday 20th January 2014
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To understand Interpretivist Tradition
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Interpretivist
Positivist
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Methodological Roots of Positivist Approach
Discourse on Methodology- Descartes, (1637) Focus on objectivity of method
Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon in 17th century Value of Observation
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Hume – 1800s Empirical research tradition- Knowledge
originates in our experiences Evidence through direct observation,
collected objectively
Comte (early 1800s) Social world studied in terms of laws,
mirroring natural world = positivism
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Scientific tradition
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Key Properties
Derives from scientific thinking
World is known as a set of a priori concepts that structure our thought and argument
Developing “laws” that govern human action and interaction
Men make own history- not self-selected circumstancesUnder existing circumstances, given and transmitted from the past
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Planned, technologically- managed, systematic, information-driven solutions
Based on idea of constant progress
Constant Mode for achievement: Progress
Modernist Thinking 20/01/2014 8produced by Dr. Anne Broderick, De Montfort University
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Critique of Pure Reason, (Kant, 1781)
Ways of knowing other than rational Interpretive aspects of knowing the social
world
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Dilthey, 1870s
Importance of ‘verstehen’ (understanding) Studying lived experience Social research should reveal connections
between social, rational and historical
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Anthropos – Human
Logica – Study
Anthropology is the study of human kind
▪ Who we are▪ How we came to be that way▪ Where we may go
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Malinowski- early British anthropologist
Spent time “in the field” out of the UK WWI
Frank Boas- first US anthropologist to argue for fieldwork
Margaret Mead - Boas’ student- Women in the field
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Weber, (1890s) Understand meaning of social actions in
context of material conditions
Ethnographic Studies Robert Park, Chicago, 1920s Focus on local culture within city
Symbolic Interactionism (Blumer, 1969) Symbolic meanings and Interpretation
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Interpretive Sociology (verstehende Soziologie) is the study of society that concentrates on the meanings people associate with their social world.
How reality is constructed by people themselves in their daily lives.
Interpretive Sociology
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Interpretive sociology manifest in sociology of culture
This line of thought regarded as interpretive because it argues that sources, structure, and functions of social life are not entirely objective. The do not fully exist in the observable world
Instead, their meaning and consequences are subject to interpretation
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Interpretive researchers thus attempt to understand phenomena through accessing the meanings participants assign to them’
(Orlikowski and Baroudi 1991)
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Lived Experien
ce
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Interpretive View of Knowledge
‘ Social process is not captured in hypothetical deductions, covariances and degrees of freedom.
Instead, understanding social process involves getting inside the world of those generating it’
(Orlikowski and Baroudi 1991)
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Theory and Practice
‘The interpretive research approach towards the relationship between theory and practice is that the researcher can never assume a value-neutral stance, and is always implicated in the phenomena being studied’
(Orlikowski and Baroudi 1991)
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Simple?
So far…… 20/01/2014 25produced by Dr. Anne Broderick, De Montfort University
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Postmodernism (1990s) Lyotard, Brown Questioning objectivity, rather a relativist
view Fragmentation of Meaning ‘Grand narratives’ of history flawed
Practice Theory 2000s Interpreting in terms of shared practice
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Positivism predominant up to mid 20th century Interpretivism - many roots and variations Key Characteristics taken into qualitative research
centre on: Lived experience Contextual, holistic understanding of events Interrelatedness of our lives
However…20/01/2014 27produced by Dr. Anne Broderick, De Montfort University
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Nothing is simple in academic life -We have seen ideas her that are at opposite ends of the research tradition
Other philosophical viewpoints that have emerged and will have some relationship either to interpretivism or positivism are:PragmatismCritical Realism Constructivism
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Sometimes these other viewpoints and traditions can be discussed epistemology OR ontology OR Axiology
You will find many research methodology textbooks that consider this
It can be confusing and contradictory20/01/2014 29produced by Dr. Anne Broderick, De Montfort University
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When looking at a research tradition, always go back to the original ideas and then trace it forward.
In that way, you will understand it and the research design implications that may arise from it.
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Before you spend a lot of time reading about every tradition, consider your own study , identify the research tradition(s) that you think you are drawing upon and then ask three questions:
What kind of data do I wish to gather? What do I wish to know about my
respondents and/or the context?- What will the nature of my inquiry be?
What method seems appropriate for this?20/01/2014 31produced by Dr. Anne Broderick, De Montfort University
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See next file
Interpretive Research Workshop 2
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Angen, MJ. (2000). Evaluating interpretive inquiry: Reviewing the validity debate and opening the dialogue. Qualitative Health Research. 10(3) pp. 378-395.
Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic Interactionism. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Berger, PL & Luckmann, T. (1967) The Social Construction of Reality. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company.
Blumer, M. (1984). The Chicago School of Sociology: Institutionalization, Diversity, and the Rise of Sociological Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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Garfinkel, H. (1967). Enthnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Glaser, B. & Strauss, A. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Stragegies for Qualitative Research. Chicago: Aldine.
Guba, EG and Lincoln, YS. (1994). "Competing paradigms in qualitative research." In NK Denzin and YS Lincoln (eds.) Handbook of Qualitative Research. pp. 105-117.
Lyotard, J. (1979). The Postmodern Condition: A report on Knowledge. Theory and History of Literature. Volume 10. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
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Malinowski, B. (1967). A Diary in the Strict sense of the Term. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
Orlikowski, W.J. and J.J. Baroudi. "Studying Information Technology in Organizations: Research Approaches and Assumptions." Information Systems Research, 2, 1, 1991: 1-28
Schutz, A. (1962). Collect Papers, Volume 1, The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff. See in particular: "Commonsense and scientific interpretations of human action" pp. 3-47; "Concept and theory formation in the social sciences" pp. 48-66; "On multiple realities" pp. 207-259.
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Walsham, G, (2006) European Journal of Information Systems (2006) 15, 320–330, & 2006 Operational Research Society Ltd.
Weber, Max The Protestant Ethic and "The Spirit of Capitalism" (1905). Translated by Stephen Kalberg (2002), Roxbury Publishing Company.
Wittgenstein, L. (1958). Philosophical Investigations (GEM Anscome transl). Third Edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice-Hall.
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