Internet of Things and

Context Awareness:

an Industrial Point of View

Antonio VILEI

26 June 2012

• A global semiconductor leader

• The largest European semiconductor company

• 2011 revenues of $9.73B(1)

• Approx. 50,000 employees worldwide(1)

• 12,000 people working in R&D

• 12 manufacturing sites

• Listed on New York Stock Exchange, Euronext Paris

and Borsa Italiana, Milano

About ST

(1) Including ST-Ericsson, a 50:50 joint venture with Ericsson

2

ST is Everywhere 3

Towards Billions of Connected Devices…

Figure source: “6LowPAN: The Wireless Embedded Internet”

Evolution of Wireless Sensor Networks

Scalability Price

Cabling

Cables

Proprietary radio + network

2000 1980s 2006

Vendor lock-in

Increased Productivity

ZigBee

Complex middleware

6lowpan Internet

Open development and portability

Z-Wave ZigBee Any vendor 6LoWPAN

2008 ->

5

Figure source: “6LowPAN: The Wireless Embedded Internet”

M2M Market Current Status

• Today M2M is here, however it is characterized by:

• Vertical solutions

• Proprietary IT & solutions

• Technology fragmentation

• Impact:

• Costs

• Time to market

6

Application

Devices

Connectivity

Energy, Transport, Health, Smart

Cities, Agriculture, etc..

M2M in the Longer Term

• Needed transformation:

• Single device, multiple applications

• Single application, multiple devices

• One Solution: Moving Towards Horizontal Systems

• Applications share common technology for re-use

• Easier integration

7

Devices

Connectivity

Application Infrastructure

App App App …

Key Technology: Internet Protocol

• IP is a key technology for this transformation

• Open standard

• Ubiquitous

• Highly scalable and large address space with IPv6

• Independent of the physical layer

• Re-use existing tools, knowledge, protocols, and infrastructure

• Security protocols already available

• IP for Smart Objects is now possible even in the most

constrained environments

• Stack requires only 4k of RAM, less than 32K of Flash

• Hardware and software available from many vendors

8

Convergence Towards All-IP 9

Vertical markets

profiles opportunities

Complementary

services, e.g.

resource discovery

IP stack has become the

universal technology for

networking and applications

PHY/MACs will remain

in continuous evolution

based on application

and regulatory needs

802.15.4, 802.11, HP GP,

G3 PRIME PLC, BTLE, DECT…

802.15.4, 802.11, HP GP,

G3 PRIME PLC, BTLE, DECT…

TCP, UDP TCP, UDP

Sm

art

E

nerg

y

Pro

file

2

.0

Oth

er

Pro

file

s

- Resource Management - Discovery - Group comm - ...

HTTP, COAP HTTP, COAP

IPv6 (6LoWPAN, RPL) IPv6 (6LoWPAN, RPL)

The IP for Smart Objects Toolbox (1/2)

• Over the past few years the IETF has developed the

needed standards enabling IP based applications on

smart objects

• 6LoWPAN – An adaptation layer to transport IPv6 over

low power wireless communication links

• Standardized for 802.15.4 as RFC 6282

• Ongoing activity for BTLE (draft-ietf-6lowpan-btle)

• RPL – An IPv6 routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy

Networks

• Standardized as RFC 6550 (and related)

• An open standard designed to meet challenging unique requirements

• Adopted by SEP 2.0, WAVENIS, P1901.2

10

The IP for Smart Objects Toolbox (2/2)

• CoAP – An application layer protocol for resource-

constrained internet devices

• Ongoing standardization (draft-ietf-core-coap-09) by the IETF CoRE WG

• Designed for simplified integration of smart objects with the web

• Comply with REST architecture

• Security

• A strong benefit of moving to IP is to leverage its proven security protocols

• Availability at different layers:

• Network : IPSEC

• Transport : TLS (SSL) over TCP, and DTLS over UDP

• The IP architecture enables end-to-end security

• As opposed to many proprietary solutions where security is confined to the

islands of connectivity

11

Web of Things and Web Services

SOA (Service Oriented Architecture)

• Enterprise systems (a main application area for M2M) heavily rely on

web services

• Web services enable the communication between processes using

well-defined message sequences

• Stateless resources with REpresentational State Transfer (REST)

• Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)

• Web services allow business logic in distributed applications to

exchange data

• Machines and sensors can report measurements

• Allows remote management of devices

• There’s a need to enable the use of web-service-related protocols

between 6LoWPAN devices and enterprise systems

12

Web 2.0 Mashups + Sensors/Actuators

Infinite possibilities!

13

Mixing real world devices

(e.g sensors) with virtual

applications on the Web

+

Cognitive Networks & Context Awareness 14

Help the user accomplish her tasks by understanding what she is doing (context)

• Pervasive sensors get information from

the environment

• Active, continuous, real-time context-

awareness

BUTLER Project http://www.iot-butler.eu/

uBiquitous, secUre inTernet-of-things with Location and

contEx-awaReness

FP7 call: FP7-ICT-2011-7

Integrated Project

October 2011 September 2014

15 M€

1234 man.months

FP7 call: FP7-ICT-2011-7

Integrated Project

October 2011 September 2014

15 M€

1234 man.months

BUTLER’s Smart Life (1/2) 16

BUTLER’s Smart Life (2/2)

• Horizontal integration of vertical scenarios enables the concept of Smart Life:

• Examples: • While driving, the car detects that I’m running out of fuel and

I get a discount coupon from a nearby gas station.

• At the grocery store, I get automated alerts when buying food that is incompatible with my allergies.

• If my meeting takes longer than expected, parking time gets automatically extended.

17

What about Privacy? 18

Industrial Impact

• Standardization & Alliances

• IETF

• 6Lowpan, Roll, Manet, LWIG, CoRE working groups

• ETSI TC M2M

• ETSI M2M has adopted a RESTful architecture style and adopted IP

in its end-to-end overall high-level architecture for M2M

• Smart Energy Profile 2.0 (SEP 2.0)

• An Internet Protocol-based application selected in 2009 by the NIST

as a standard for home energy management devices

• IPSO

• IP for Smart Objects (IPSO) Alliance

19

Industrial Exploitation for ST

• Sensors & Actuators (STM32 and STM32W Family)

• Wireless Sensors

• Metering Solutions

• Smart Grids

• Smart Plugs

• Gateway

• Headless

• SPEAr 3xx

• SPEAr13xx

• Headed

• Orly

• http://www.st.com

20

An Example in the Smart Energy Area

STM32W Wireless MCU with 802.15.4

connectivity to support SEP2.0

“STMicroelectronics Reveals Advanced Wireless Microcontroller to Serve

Smart Grid Benefits to Energy Conscious Users” March 2012

http://www.st.com/internet/com/press_release/p3188.jsp

STM32W – IEEE 802.15.4 System on Chip

• IEEE 802.15.4 2.4 GHz radio • Transmitter: 2-point direct synthesizer modulation

• Receiver: low IF super heterodyne architecture

• Digital baseband DSP and MAC support

• -100 dBm sensitivity and up to 7 dBm output power

Microcontroller

ARM Cortex-M3 core architecture

Embedded memory

eFlash: from 64 to 256 Kbytes

SRAM: from 8 to 16 Kbytes

Networking ZigBee compliant PRO, IP and RF4CE stacks

6lowPan Contiki open source

Commercial Smart Energy Profile 2.0 Support

IEEE 802.15.4 optimized MAC library

Peripherals

AES-128 encryption HW accelerator

Debug channel via JTAG

USART, SPI, I²C, 24 GPIOs

Thank You

24

16/07/2012 Presentation Title