internet dan jaringan komputer -...
TRANSCRIPT
Analog vs digital signals
takes values from a continuous range
takes values from a discrete range (discrete levels).
How to carry information on a wire?
• Voltage, Current: varying over distance and time
• both analog signals
• But bits are digital (discrete) representations! What to do?
– Represent digits (1’s and 0’s) as analog signal patterns (symbols)
Bandwidth vs Throughput
• Bandwidth and throughput are different concepts!
– Bandwidth: frequency band in which a signal can be fully represented.
• – Throughput:
Analog Transmission: Modulation / Demodulation
• Can use channels that have finite bandwidth (band-pass)
– Easier to use / deploy.
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
• DM/FDM
• Asymmetric – higher bit-rate for downloading
• Adapts data rate based on the line conditions