International Plant Protection Convention: Pest surveillance and reporting framework

Orlando Sosa, Programme Specialist, IPPC Secretariat19-20 November 2018, Rome, Italy

Outline

• The IPPC• Surveillance in the context of the IPPC• Pest reporting • Challenges

The IPPC: Cooperation Framework

IPPC Secretariat

•Hosted By UN-FAO Rome

•Three functional units:

Standards setting

Implementation facilitation

Integration Support (Advocacy and communication)

Contracting Parties

183 members

Asia (25);

Europe (45);

Latin America and Caribbean (33);

North America (2);

South West Pacific (13);

Africa (50);

Near East (15)

Each member required to designate a National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO)

Official Contact Point

17 reporting obligations

Regional Plant Protection Organizations

•Asia & Pacific Plant Protection Organization (APPPC);

•Caribbean Agricultural Health and Food Safety Agency (CAHFSA);

•Comite Regional de Sanidad Vegetal del Cono Sur (COSAVE);

•Comunidad Andina (CAN);

•European & Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO);

•Inter-African Phytosanitary Council (IAPSC);

•Near East Plant Protection Organization (NEPPO);

•North American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO);

•Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (OIRSA);

•Pacific Plant Protection Organization (PPPO).

The IPPC: Governance framework

Commission on Phytosanitary

Measures (CPM)

• Meets once per year (March or April)

• Open to observers

• Standards adoption

• Forum to discuss emerging phytosanitary issues

CPM Bureau

7 members (1 from each region)

Asia

Europe

Latin America and Caribbean

North America

South West Pacific

Africa

Near East

Subsidiary Bodies

• Standards Committee (25 members) + Technical Panels

• Implementation and Capacity Development Committee (13 members)

• Strategic Planning Group (open to members and RPPOs)

The IPPC: Framework for engagement

FAO

•Regional and Sub-regional Plant Protection and Production Officers

•Regional Offices

•Santiago, Chile

•Budapest, Hungary

•Thailand, Bangkok

•Accra, Ghana

•Cairo, Egypt

•Sub-regional Offices

•Christchurch, Barbados

•Ankara, Turkey

•Apia, Samoa

•Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

•Harare, Zimbabwe

•Libreville, Gabon

•Tunis, Tunisia

•Ciudad del Saber, Panama

Technical Consultations

Annually 7 regional workshops with members

Asia

Europe

Latin America and Caribbean

North America

South West Pacific

Africa

Near East

Annual technical consultation among Regional Plant Protection Organizations

Workshops, Committees, Panels and Initiatives on current and emerging issues

Electronic Phytosanitary Certification (W,C)Sea Containers Task Force (C)Standards Committee Panel on diagnostic

protocolsStandards Committee Panel on

phytosanitary treatmentsPhytosanitary risks through E-commerce

pathways (I)Global Pilot on Pest Surveillance (I)Others

The International Phytosanitary Portal: www.ippc.int

Surveillance in the context of the IPPC

• Pest surveillance underpins all phytosanitary activities.

• Practically every IPPC standard references pest surveillance

• Obligations of the IPPC Convention to conduct surveillance

• Contracting party’s responsibility on surveillance (IPPC Art. VII.2(j))

• NPPO’s responsibility on surveillance (IPPC Art. IV.2(b) and (e))

• International Standards

• ISPM 5 - Glossary of phytosanitary terms

• ISPM 11 - Pest risk analysis

• ISPM 6 - Guidelines for Surveillance

• ISPM 11 - Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests

• The process to evaluate biological, scientific and economic evidence to determine whether a pest should be regulated and the strength of any phytosanitary measure against it.

• Regulated pests: This process enables the NPPO of a Contracting Party to prepare a pest list on the basis of scientific and technical justification.

• Articles may also be regulated such as wood packaging materials, sea containers, or other articles capable of harbouring or transporting regulated pests.

• This process sets the basis of plant pest surveillance and reporting in a country for early detection and rapid response.

Surveillance in the context of the IPPC

General surveillance Specific surveys

• ISPM 6 - Guidelines for surveillance

Surveillance in the context of the IPPC

Surveillance in the context of the IPPCIPPC Secretariat Support

Global pilot programme on pest surveillance focussing on three priority pestsPest surveillance / Pest diagnostic and Pest Free Area establishment manuals and guides prepared and made availableTechnical resources page for the exchange of manuals, factsheets, photos and media and other teaching/learning resourcesReview of the challenges and successes of the implementation of the IPPC and StandardsPhytosanitary Capacity Evaluation of Contracting Parties (IPPC PCE Tool)Technical assistance projects in collaboration with FAO and others

National Responsibilities

•Designate National Plant Protection Organization with mandate for coordination of pest surveillance

•Designate an Official Contact Point for the exchange of information

•Conduct pest risk analysis

•Establishment of pest lists

•Conduct of pest surveillance (general and specific)

•Conduct inspection of consignments and Import Verification

•Conduct plant pest diagnosis or ensure access to such support

•Train and maintain qualified staff in all of the above

IPPC Secretariat Support

•Regional workshops to facilitate exchange of information

•Reporting through the Global pilot programme on pest surveillance focussing on three priority pests

•Technical assistance projects in collaboration with FAO and others

•Update on regional pest status through the RPPO technical consultation

• International Phytosanitary Portal to exchange official reporting information.

National Responsibilities

•Reporting pest lists and phytosanitary import requirements

•Document results of pest surveillance (general and specific)

•Document results of inspection of consignments and Import Verification

•Document plant pest diagnosis results

•Maintain and appropriate Information management system for national pest information

•Prompt reporting to the IPPC, RPPOs, trading partners and national stakeholders of the occurrence, outbreak, spread, and eradication of pests

Pest reporting

Challenges to support surveillance, reporting

and rapid response

• At the global level:• A need for globally coordinated approach (both for surveillance

and pest reporting)• Systems for reporting operate independently particularly in light

of the digital age (Globally coordinated platforms as opposed to disparate applications)

• General reluctance for official reporting of pests due to fear of trade repercussions

• Lack of support for technical assistance to strengthen global, regional and national institutions

• Need for coordinated research and forecasting especially in light of climate change effects

• IPPC and programmes severely underfunded

Challenges to support surveillance, reporting

and rapid response

• At the country level:• Lack of political and public awareness.• Lack of sustained funding for surveillance and related activities• Lack of capacity and technical skills.• Deficiencies in the regulatory framework (Policies and

legislation).• Deficiencies in institutional aspects (Organizational structure

and function, authority, obligations, sustainability).• Deficiencies in management and availability of operational

documented procedures.• Deficiencies in international/regional/national liaison and

participation.• Deficiencies in infrastructure and equipment

IPPC Secretariat

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy

Tel.: +39-0657054812Email: IPPC@fao.org

Websites:

www.fao.org

www.ippc.int

Contacts