international journal of rural and regional planning development vol 2 issue-1

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Jan – Jun 2016 IJRRPD

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International Journal of Rural and

Regional Planning Development

International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development is primarily devoted to scientific

articles and comprehensive reviews that are focused on the quality control, risk assessment, resource

management in the field of Rural and Regional Planning Development. Journal also focuses on the

production planning, critical path method that can create an impact on the ongoing research.

Focus and Scope of the Journal! Regional and sub-regional plan preparation

! Climate change adaptation and mitigation

! New metropolitan planning strategies

! Risks from hazards such as bushfire, flood and coastal inundation

! Zoning laws and policies

! Unified settlement planning

! Land-use planning

! Principles of Intelligent Urbanism

! Spatial planning

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Associate Manager

ChairmanMr. Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director,JournalsPub,

New Delhi

Hidam Renubala

Ankita Singh

Akanksha Marwah

Deepika Bhadauria

Commissioning Editors

Priyanka Garg

Chhavi Goel

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Dr. Adesoji David Jiboye Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo

University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Mahua MukherjeeIIT Roorkee, India

Pooja NigamDepartment of Architecture and Planning,Malaviya National Institute of Technology

Jaipur, India

Dr. V. SubbiahHindustan University, India

Mrs. Fathima Samana SAcharya's School of Architecture, India

Dr. Jagdish SinghMaulana Azad National Institute of

Technology, Bhopal, India

Dr. Rajindra Kumar PanditMadhav Institute of Technology & Science,

Gwalior, India

Dr Satyaki SarkarBirla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi,

India

Dr. Sanjaykumar Sonar GhanashyamCollege of Engineering, Pune, India

Fazli Farhan Mohammad Fazli Aligarh Muslim University (A Central

Government Institution) India

Ar. Ankur Prabhakar Attri Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar,

Punjab, India

Dr. B S Bhooshan BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, BSB

Architects, Bangalore and Mysore

Dr. IP Singh National Institute of Technology,

Hamirpur

Dr Akhilendra Nath TiwaryYobe State University

From the Editor's Desk

Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

journal, International of Journal Rural and Regional Planning Development. This

journal is part of the Engineering Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Rural

and Regional Planning Development issues, from theoretical aspects to application

dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies.

This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Rural and Regional

Planning Development as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral

part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Civil Engineers

community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area.

The core vision of International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development in Journals Pub is to

propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and

professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Rural and Regional Planning

Development in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their

papers at excellently, well-time & successfully.

International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development focuses on Regional and sub-regional

plan preparation, Climate change adaptation and mitigation, New metropolitan planning strategies, Risks

from hazards such as bushfire, flood and coastal inundation, Zoning laws and policies, Unified settlement

planning, Land-use planning, Principles of Intelligent Urbanism, Spatial planning, etc.

The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Rural and

Regional Planning Development and solutions in the area.

Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Civil Engineers

community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an

innovative platform. We are certain that this very issue will be followed by many others, reporting new

developments in the field of Rural and Regional Planning Development.

This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we

would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the

editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.

It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Civil Engineering readers and

will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Rural and Regional Planning Development.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Aerotropolis: Genesis, Evolution and Planning for Interconnectivity and Infrastructure Development A.N. Sarkar 1

2. Exploring Community E-Participation for Effective Pro-Poor Planning Anubhav Shrivastava, Krishna Kumar Dhote 32

3. How a City Develops With Respect to Architecture Bulandshahr Part-2 (City of Tomorrow)Avitesh 43

4. Quality Assessment of Neighborhood Levels Public Parks in Alwar CityBoudh Kuldeep Harjivanlal, Alok Ranjan 53

5. Design and Construction of Rigid and Flexible Pavement on the Basis of Laboratory Tests and AnalysisTarun Kumar Lohani, Sarmisthabala Prusty, Subhashree Patra, Manas Ranjan Asa 58

Contents

IJRRPD (2016) 1–31 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Aerotropolis: Genesis, Evolution and Planning for

Interconnectivity and Infrastructure Development

A.N. Sarkar Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, 3 & 4 Institutional Areas, Jasola, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India

AEROTROPOLIS: THE GENESIS

An aerotropolis, as defined by Dr. John D.

Kasarda, an aerotropolis planning expert

from the University of North Carolina

Chapel Hill, is an “aviation linked urban

form consisting of an airport surrounded

by tens of thousands of acres of light

industrial space, office space, upscale

retail mix, business-class hotel

accommodations, restaurants,

entertainment, recreation, golf courses, and

single and multi- family

housing.[1]

Aerotropolises are conceptually

similar to metropolises, with airport cities

serving as the central business district of

the aerotropolis. Derived from his years of

researching airports throughout the world,

Kasarda maintains that airports are

economic assets and catalysts for

economic development. Kasarda defines

the aerotropolis as “an aviation linked

urban form consisting of an airport

surrounded by tens of thousands of acres

of light industrial space, office space,

upscale retail mix, business-class hotel

accommodations, restaurants,

entertainment, recreation, golf courses, and

single and multi-family housing”.[2]

He

viewed airports as being similar to

metropolitan central business districts,

with airport cities serving as the central

business district of the aerotropolis.

Kasarda maintained that there could be as

many as four basic drivers from which

airport cities emerge :[3]

viz. (1) The

airport’s ability to seek revenues from

other than aeronautical sources; (2) The

availability of affordable land for

commercial activities; (3) The airport’s

ability to increase passenger and cargo

traffic; and (4) The airport as a catalyst for

and ability to attract business

development.

Aerotropolises have emerged because of

the advantages that airports provide in a

global economy.[3]

Globally competitive

businesses utilize the high-speed travel of

airplanes for international communication

and trade, allowing companies to minimize

inventories, source parts globally, and

provide fast and flexible responses to

unique customer requests. To meet these

needs, manufacturing, repair, and

distribution facilities are being constructed

near airports. This stimulates further

growth in cargo and passenger air travel,

trucking, air express, freight forwarders,

and logistics providers along the airport

corridors. However, growth is not limited

to time sensitive facilities. Airport

transportation corridors are becoming

desired locations for corporate

headquarters, trade representative offices,

professional associations, and information

intensive firms such as consulting and

auditing, which require frequent travel.[1]

Kasarda began to use the term aerotropolis

to refer to “a new urban form placing

airports in the center with cities growing

around them, connecting workers,

suppliers, executives, and goods to the

global marketplace”.[4]

According to Dr.

Kasarda, rather than trying to avoid the

airport by building it as far from the city as

possible, cities should be centered around

the airport.[5]

In his view, the city of the


International Journal of Rural and Rural and Regional Planning Development Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Exploring Community E-Participation for Effective Pro-Poor

Planning

Anubhav Shrivastava*, Krishna Kumar Dhote

Department of Architecture and Planning, MANIT, Bhopal, India

Abstract

The paper analyse the development of the conceptions regarding public participation in the

last decades. Further paper explores to what extent these conceptions can be used by local

and State authorities in order to improve interaction among government authorities and

citizens in terms of Slum Rehabilitation and Redevelopment Projects. The study shall focus

on the use of Information Communications Technology (ICTs) to provide innovative means of

access to, and participation in Slum rehabilitation and redevelopment. Study assesses the

potential that how web-enabled E-Participation/ICTs (electronic participation) can facilitate

in participatory planning.

Keywords: community participation, E-participation, rehabilitation, re-development, slum,

web-enabled

BACKGROUND

The 2011 census has exclaimed a growing

urban population and continued migration

from rural to urban areas. Nearly 4500

cities and towns have some form of elected

municipal body following the 74th

constitutional amendment. Urban centers

are bursting to their seams, with lack of

planning and services for its inhabitants.

Recent initiatives have been made by the

union Government about its policy

commitments towards urban development

with focus on basic services to urban poor.

These include such populist slogans as

‟slum-free cities”, ‟inclusive cities”,

‟cities without poverty”, etc. recent

schemes are launched such as Rajiv Awas

Yojana (RAY) which purpose to ensure

security of tenure for the urban poor.

While the Jawaharlal Nehru National

Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM)

focused its investments on 65 large cities,

it has yielded little in terms of reforms in

urban governance. There is still an absence

of a shared political vision and agreed

roadmap to make cities in India ‟livable”

for all its citizens.

In this current scenario, where is the voice

of community? Community based

Organizations of the urban poor have

grown, but have not kept pace with the

growing numbers of the poor; new forms

of poverty in urban areas (where a TV set

and mobile co-exist with malnutrition of

children and chronic ill-health of women)

are not being articulated; community

actions to promote transparency and

accountability of municipal bodies are

irregular and ad-hoc; experimentation of

new approaches to service delivery in

urban areas is seriously lagging.

The Global report on Human Settlements

2003 By United Nations Human

Settlements Programme presents the

challenge of the slums exclaiming slums



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How a City Develops With Respect to Architecture Bulandshahr

Part-2 (City of Tomorrow)

Avitesh* Centre for Architecture, BGI, Bulandshahr, India

Abstract

Our cities possess unique cultural and architectural qualities, strong forces of social

inclusion and exceptional possibilities for economic development. These are centers of

knowledge and sources of growth and innovation. At the same time, however, they suffer from

demographic problems, social inequality, social exclusion of specific population groups, a

lack of affordable and suitable housing, and environmental problems. In this paper, I will

discuss about a vision of the city of tomorrow and the main challenges for the city of

tomorrow (Bulandshahr). How will be the future of city after development.

In the first part, I had discussed present conditions of Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh

(International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture).

Keywords: Bulandshahr, city of tomorrow, visions, challenges, ways forward

OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study is to carry

out the main challenges for the city of

tomorrow and towards a vision of the city

of tomorrow. We will also discuss about

how a city will be The diverse, cohesive

and attractive city. A better understanding

of urban realities requires the development

of more appropriate and multifaceted

indicators capable of measuring more

qualitative aspects of urban economic and

social life – the environment, economic

development potential, cultural assets, etc.

INTRODUCTION

City play a key role in the lives of most

people, not only does a majority of the

population live in cities, but cities also

play a main role in the social and

economic development of all. It seems

almost paradoxical that there is no

common definition for ‘urban’ or even

‘city’, and that the Union has no explicit

policy competence in urban development.

As Bulandshahr is a city of NCR, could be

best satellite city after development. In

terms of aims, objectives and values, there

is a shared vision of the city of tomorrow

as:

A place of advanced social progress

with a high degree of social cohesion,

socially-balanced housing as well as

social, health and 'education for all'

services;

A platform for democracy, cultural

dialogue and diversity;

A place of green, ecological or

environmental regeneration;

A place of attraction and an engine of

economic growth.

Cities play a crucial role as engines of the

economy, as places of connectivity,

creativity and innovation, and as centers of

services for their surrounding areas. Due to

their density, cities offer a huge potential


International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development

Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Quality Assessment of Neighborhood Levels Public Parks in

Alwar City

Boudh Kuldeep Harjivanlal*, Alok Ranjan Department of Architecture and Planning, MNIT Jaipur, India

Abstract

The existence of public parks is pivotal to the human beings, especially in the small cities like

Alwar. It provides benefits from the economic, social, communal, environmental and

aesthetical aspects. Parks improved the quality of life of cities and neighborhood. In this

paper the conceptual framework for quality assessment of neighborhood level parks is

followed by a literature study in the fields of urban planning. Neighborhood level parks were

chosen for the assessment because they had a social, economic and cultural difference. Not

only does they provide revenue benefits for health and mental well-being, but it also serves as

a society and community’s meeting place for certain residential neighborhood this paper

analyzes the assessment of quality factors influencing the utilization of neighborhood level

public parks in a small city. A questionnaire survey and primary observations have been

carried out in three different residential areas of the Alwar City to identifying the factors

influencing utilizations of public parks. The result shows that other than quality, the density,

income level and pre-dominate age group are most important factors. The findings imply that

quality factors should be incorporated while planning the public parks.

Keywords: accessibility, neighborhood, public parks, quality assessment

INTRODUCTION

The existence of public parks is pivotal to

the human beings, especially in the small

cities like Alwar. Parks are primarily

planned for recreation and can give

enormous benefits to the neighborhood

and community.[1]

like the improvement of health, social interaction and enhance the

enjoyment of the local environment.[2]

Similarly, benefits of leisure also cover

physical health, psychosocial well-being,

self actualization, spirituality and self-

identity, family bonding, child

development, environmental education and

social skills development.[3]

Now a days the where life is becoming modern the

recreational assets are also changing.

Children’s, adults as well as old age

persons all are busy with entertainment

gadgets like mobile, the internet, T.V. etc.

they rarely use the parks. Thus the

utilization of public parks decreasing

significantly. There is a need for the

assessment of the quality of public parks in

small cities like Alwar. Quality is

influences utilization of public parks.[4]

In

this paper we try to understand the quality

of public parks in different residential

areas of Alwar city.

So that it will be understood that the

quality should be improved for the

utilization of public parks. There are

characteristics—(a) comfort, (b). location,

(c). facilities, (d). leisure value and (e).

image, for assessing the quality of public

parks[5]

which can help to improve the

utilization of public parks.



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Design and Construction of Rigid and Flexible Pavement on

the Basis of Laboratory Tests and Analysis

Tarun Kumar Lohani

*, Sarmisthabala Prusty, Subhashree Patra, Manas Ranjan Asa

Orissa Engineering College, Orissa, India

Abstract

A highway pavement is a structure consisting of superimposed layers of processed materials

above the natural soil sub-grade, who’s first and the foremost function is to distribute the

applied vehicle loads to the sub-grade. The pavement structure should provide a surface of

acceptable riding quality, favorable light reacting characteristics, adequate skid resistance, ,

and low noise pollution. The ultimate aim is to ensure that the transmitted stresses due to

wheel load are sufficiently reduced, so that they will not exceed bearing capacity of the sub-

grade. Two types of pavements are flexible and rigid pavements are recognized as the most

cost effective and durable in all aspects. This type of research gives an overview of pavement

types, layers and their functions, and pavement failures. Improper design of pavements that

leads to early failure of pavements acting the riding quality has been taken into

consideration for safe and comfortable road construction. Prior to the design of pavement,

laboratory tests of soil, aggregate and bitumen were conducted. This followed by preparation

of four mould samples of hot mix designs with 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% of bitumen whose

grading, bulk density and air voids were calculated.

Keywords: cost analysis, estimation, flexible pavement, rigid pavement.

INTRODUCTION

An ideal pavement should meet the

following requirements:

Sufficient thickness to distribute the

wheel load stresses to a safe value on

the sub-grade soil, structurally strong

to withstand all types of stresses

imposed upon it,

Adequate coefficient of friction to

prevent skidding of vehicles,

Smooth surface to provide comfort to

road users even at high speed, Produce

least noise from moving vehicles,

Dust proof surface so that traffic safety

is not impaired by reducing visibility,

Impervious surface, so that sub-grade

soil is well protected, and

Long design life with low maintenance

cost.

Goliya et al. (2013) suggested that flexible

pavements are preferred over cement

concrete roads as they have a great

advantage that these can be strengthened

and improved in stages with the growth of

traffic and also their surfaces can be

milled and recycled for rehabilitation.

Bruhaspathi (2012) says that if non-

conventional pavement design is adopted

in the construction of pavement, there will

be improved performance of the

pavements thus increasing the life and

leading to financial savings. Nantung et al.

(2008) suggested that the traffic data

includes average annual daily traffic,

average monthly and hourly traffic,

adjustment factors, axle load spectra, and

International Journal of

Rural and Regional

Planning Development

Mechanical Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Applied Mechanics

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Computer Science and Engineering

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

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Civil Engineering

Electrical Engineering

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Chemistry

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Biotechnology

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Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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Jan – Jun 2016 IJRRPD

international journal of rural and regional planning development vol 2 issue-1

Education