international journal of pharmaceutical research

IJPR articles are Indexed in SCOPUSClick Here Impact Factor for Five Years is 0.13 (2013 - 2018).

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCHA Step Towards Excellence

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Published by : Advanced Scientific Research

I S S N

0975-2366

C U R R E N T I S S U E

Volume 12,ISSUE 2, Apr - Jun,

2020

A R T I C L E I N P R E S S

Prevalence and Risk Factors

of Occupation Induced

Asthma among Traffic Police

in Bangalore City

To Estimate the Prevalence of

Depression, Anxiety, and

Stress among Adolescents in

Kancheepuram District, Tamil

Nadu

A Study on Risk Factors of

Anaemia among Pregnant

Women

An Approach of Nutritional

Deficiency Disorder among

Pregnant Women

The Determinants of Self Care

Practices By Using DSME to

Facilitate the Patients In

Kanchipuram District

An evaluation of

Epidemiological Factors

Relating to Overweight,

Obesity in Urban Chennai

A study on the Pattern of Body

Image Perception among

Adolescents in Urban Chennai

Impact of an External and

Internal factors of overweight

and obesity in urban

A study on Anti-Rabies

Vaccine among Dog Bite

Victims in chennai region

Hospital Based Cross

Sectional Study: Distribution

of Compliance for completion

of ARV 4 dose among study

participants

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...

A D O B E R E A D E R

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Volume 11, Issue 4, Oct - Dec, 2019

R E V I E W

A narrative review of heavy metals in cosmetics; health risks

SOMAYE SAFAVI, RAHELEH NAJARIAN, MORAD RASOULI-AZAD,

SHAGHAYEGH MASOUMZADEH, AMIR GHADERI, RAZIE EGHTESADI

R E S E A R C H

Cytotoxicity Effecting of New Ligand (LCl) and it's Complexes on a breast

cancer

HUDA SAGBANLATEEF, AREEJ ALI JARULLAH, FADHILLAFTAFARAJ

Study of Aminoacy lt RAN-SynthetaseComplex Interacting Multifunctional

Protein 1 and Liver Enzymes in Iraqi Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing

Chemotherapy

EIMAN A., BAYADER ABDUL HUSSEIN

The Protective Activity of Broccoli Alcoholic Extract Against Augmentin

effects In white Albino Male Rats

NOOR AL-QARAGHULIA, SAHERMAHMOODJWADALJAMALIB, ESRAA MAHDI

ZAHID

Production of a therapeutically important Lasparginase enzyme under

optimum conditions from Bacillus subtilusmutant isolate

ASMAA HUSSEIN, MAYS T. ABDALLAH, HADEEL M. KHALAF

Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of biofilm and some Antibiotic Resistance

Gene in Staphylococcusaureus Isolated From Patients Suffering From

Tonsillitis

New method for the evaluation of propranolol with phosphotungstic

acidvialong distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) using

continuous flow injection analysis

ELHAM MEZAAL, NAGAM S. TURKEY

Interfacial and Thermodynamic Properties of Tween 80 Surfactant-Ibuprofen

Drug System

MARYAM A.AZEEZ, SAMEER H. KAREEM

Synthesis and characterization of new 1,2,4-triazole, Oxazoline and

Thiazoline derivatives from 2,5 dimarcaptothiadiazole

MOHAMMAD R. AHMED

Removal of Pharmaceutical Amoxicillin drug by using (CNT) decorated Clay/

Fe2O3 Micro/Nanocomposite as effective adsorbent: Process optimization

for ultrasound-assisted adsorption

ASEEL ALJEBOREE, ABASS NOOR ALSHIRIFI, AYAD F. ALKAIM

Synthesis ,Characterization and Liquid Crystal Properties Study of

NovelNematic Liquid Crystal Compound.

MOHAMMED HASAN, SAWSANBUSHRA HASAN

A one-pot Synthesisof 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)- onesvia Three-Component

Cyclocondensation Reactionof Isatoic Anhydride, Amines,andAldehydesCatalyzed

by NaHSO4

OBAID ABID, AHMED KHAMEES RAMADAN

The Impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reeducates gene polymorphisms

on Iraqi patients with diabetic nephropathy

SAFA. ALI, ZAYNAB.A.RAZZAQALSHARIFI, ALI.E.ELAWY

Study Effect of Cigarette Smoking on the Liverenzymes

SHEERIN ABBAS, ZAMEN AHMED HUSSEIN, SUMAIYAHAFET, WAFAA

ALIMOTASHER

Association of Ghrelin Levels with Insulin Resistance in Iraqi Patients with

Myocardial Infarction

HAMSAGHWAMER GHAZI, NAWALM.J.AL-SHAMMAA

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HomeHome About UsAbout Us Editorial BoardEditorial Board Instruction to AuthorsInstruction to Authors Current IssueCurrent Issue Article In PressArticle In Press Table Of ContentsTable Of Contents

View Issues http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewIssue.aspx?Volume=25&Issue=53

1 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM

IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION AND AEROSOL DISPERSION PERFORMANCE OF

TERBUTALINE SULPHATE AND ITRACONAZOLE NANOPARTICLES AS DRY

POWDER INSUFFLATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA PREPARED BY

PHYSICAL MIXING AND SPRAY DRYING

VENUGOPALAIAH.PENABAKA , B.KUMAR, N.B.L.PRASAD

PRELIMINARY SCREENING OF A CLASSICAL UNANI FORMULATION

MAJOON NAJAH FOR ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY

ZEBA AFRIN, AISHA SIDDIQUI, M.A JAFRI, DIVYA VOHORA, M ASIF

Oxidation of Capecitabine - anticancer drug by potassium ferrate (VI) in

alkaline medium: A kinetic and mechanistic approach.

VIDYAVATI SHASTRY, S. YAMUNA PRINCY

Antioxidant and Anti-Radical Effects ofQuercetin and Rutin: Methyl Linoleate

Model

L.A. ZHURAVLEVA, S.S. ZYKOVA, V.S. TALISMANOV, ?.G. KARMANOVA

Antibiotics stewardship practice among community pharmacists in

Indonesia: A cross-sectional survey

B.PHARM, IKAPUSPITASARI, PH.D, SUSI ARI KRISTINA PH.D

The effects of gabapentin and ibuprofen on pain and reduction of morphine

consumption in patients suffering from orthopedic fractures admitted in

hospital emergency room

PARVIN KASHANI, AMIN SABERINIA

PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF EMULSIFYING TABLET

OF DEXAMETHASONE

DEBABRATA DASTIDAR, SOUVIK GHOSH, ABHIJIT SENGUPTA, DIPANJAN

GHOSH, DIBYA DAS, GOURANGA DUTTA, NILAYAN GUHA

Comparative study of the polyphenol content related-antioxidant and anti-

inflammatory activities of methanolic extracts from different parts of Hertia

cheirifolia

KATIA ABDELOUHAB, SANA AOUACHRIA, THORAYA GUEMMEZ,

NOUREDDINE CHAREF, ABDERRAHMANE BAGHIANI, HAYETTE

LOUAÏLECHE, RYSZARD AMAROWICZ, LEKHMICI ARRAR

Knowledge, attitude and perception of general public on the cognitive

pharmaceutical care services provided by community pharmacists – A Cross

sectional study

M. DEEPALAKSHMI, KP. ARUN, SMRUTHY ANN MATHEW, DHARINI

BOOPATHI, S.PONNUSANKAR

Assessment of anti-quorum sensing potential of selected medicinal plant

extracts using Chromobacterium violaceum

GUNJANKUMAR MEHTA*, VASANTBA J. JADEJA

The Effect of Zinc Sulphate Mouth Rinse on Halitosis Compared With

Chlorhexidine and Placebo Rinses:A Comparative Study

MAHA AL–SAFFAR

Optimization of composition and development of technology for capsules of dry

extract of Cichorium Intybus l.

JALILOV MAMARAHIMOVICH, KAMBAROV KHUSAN DJAHANGIROVICH,

FAYZULLAEVA NODIRA SULTANOVNA, BEKCHANOV KHAMDAM KUZIEVICH,

KARIEVA EKUT SAIDKARIMOVNA

Data of the operative treatment of axial deformations of lower extremities in

children

AKHRORBEK DJURAEV, DAVLYATLYAR BABADJANOV, KHAYRULLA

RAKHMATULLAEV

Application of pharmacological therapy to improve the results of surgical

treatment of children with congenital funnel-shaped deformation of the chest

KHODJANOV ISKANDAR, RUZIKULOV UKTAM, NURMUKHAMEDOV

KHURSHID

Evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy with calcium-containing

compounds of experimental osteoporosis.

NIZOM ERMATOV, INOYATOV AMRILLO, MAVLONOV ANVAR, SAIDOV

SAIDAMIR, BOBOKHANOV OTABEK

Study of acute and subchronic toxicity of "phytodiabetol"

ALLAEVA ,, DILSHOD ACHILOV, MAKHSUMOV SHARAFIDDIN,

MAMADJANOVA MUNIRAKHON

The effectiveness of red palm oil in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.

NIZOM ERMATOV, SHAYKHOVA GULI, SALOMOVA FERUZA, AZIZOVA

FERUZA, RUSTAMOV BAKHTIYOR

Use of formalin as an immunostimulant in animal immunization to produce

specific serum precursors

POPOV VYACHESLAV, BAKHRIEV IBRAHIM, CHORIEV BERUNIY, HASANOVA

MUKARRAM, AKHMEDOV TULKIN

Specific activity of a new antiallergic ointment in the treatment of contact

allergic dermatitis

KHATAMOV KHAYRULLA, SUYAROV AKRAM, ZIYADULLAEV SHUKHRAT,

KIREEV VADIM, MUKHTOROV SHERZOD, ALIMZHANOVA LOLA

Peculiarities of pancreatitis flow in biliary etiology and effectiveness of the

treatment tactics

NAZIROV FERUZ, DEVYATOV ANDREY, IBADOV RAVSHAN, BABADJANOV

AZAM, ABDULLAJONOV BAXROM

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2 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM

A review on compatibility study of sucralfate and metoprolol succinate for

the formulation of bilayer floating tabletas a GRDDS.

SREEDHAR DAS, DR BIBHUTI BHUSANA PANIGRAHI, DR MANOJ KUMAR

PANI

Preliminary screening of a classical unani formulation majoonnajah for

anticonvulsant activity

ZEBA AFRIN, AISHA SIDDIQUI, M.A JAFRI, DIVYA VOHORA, M ASIF

Evaluation of Acute and Sub acute toxicity of Siddha formulation of

Thetranvidhaikudineer

P ELANKANI*,, G DAYANAND REDDY, M PITCHIAH KUMAR, N KABILAN, R

GANESAN, G V NARASIMHA KUMAR, K DHANARAJ, K.BHAVANI

A prospective study on the assessment of the quality of life in patients with

locally advanced carcinoma cervix preand post-chemo-radiotherapy

NAVANEETHA SUBRAMANIYAN, PRANABANDHU DAS, AMMAGUNTA

HARITHA, VARADHA RAVI KISHORE, NAYAB REENAZ, VELAMALA SRILATHA,

ANNA BALAJI, BV SUBRAMANIAN

CAD System forLung cancer detection using Adaptive NeuroFuzzy Classifier

C.S.SHYLAJA , R.ANANDAN, A.SAJEEV RAM

Optimization of Sonication Time on Physical Characteristics of

Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction

NI AYU, PUTU SANNA YUSTIANTARA, NI WAYAN SINTA DARMA ENI

Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion

on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction

NI AYU, PUTU SANNA YUSTIANTARA, IDA AYU SINTHA DEVI

Diabetes Disease Analysis and Prediction by applying Decision Tree, Naïve base

and Random Forestalgorithms

WASEEM NSAIF, LAITH TALIB RASHEED, SADDM HAMDANAHMED, MARAM SAAD

NSAIF

Identify and analyze the relationship between the Proportions of secretions

of testosterone hormones to the users with their behavior in a social media

websites using artificial intelligence algorithms.

RAFAT HASHIM, QASIM MAHDI HAREF, HAZIM SALMAN MAJEED, WASEEM

SAAD NSAIF

The Effect of Using Nigella sativa (Black Caraway) on the level Erythropoietin

and the Achievement of 1500 meters Wheelchair Racing

ALAA HAIDAR, AHMED SHAKIR MAHMMOOD, WASEEM SAAD NSAIF

Extraction of some pharmacy kinetic variants using an adjuvant designed for

the development of the posterior aerodynamic cornea on the parallel device

of the Junior Technician

DR. RIYADH, AB. FARHAN, PROF. DR. FERDOUS M AMEEN, WASEEM SAAD

NSAIF

Formulation and Evaluation of Delayed Release Capsule of Dimethyl

Fumarate with Novel Technology

ANJALI KUMARI, RAJESH KUMAR, BALWAN SINGH

The Protective Impact of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) against Indomethacin-

induced Renal Injury in Embryos andNeonatal (Newborns) Kidneys of White

Female Rats During Pregnancy

DALAL KAZEM, DR. SAHER MAHMOOD JAWD ALJAMALI

Synthesis and Charecterization of New Chalcone-Azo Ligands and Its

Transition Metal Mixed Ligands Complexes with A Cytotoxic Activity study of

Pd (II) Complex

AFAQ KADHIUM, S.M. MAHDI, FAEZ. AALRAMAHI

An Efficient Approach of the Morbidity Pattern of Elderly Population based

on BMI

P. MOHAN, R. MURALI

Ethanobotanical study of Subhartipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. I. Diversity

and pharmacological significance of trees

RAJ SINGH, SUSHIL KUMAR UPADHYAY, ANJU RANI, PERMOD KUMAR, AMIT

KUMAR, POOJA SHARMA

Potential ActivityofNaringeninagainst Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in

Male mice

WIDAD AL-JABBAR, HUSSEIN ABDULKADHIM, WADDAH MAHBOBA, GHIZAL

FATIMA , NAJAH R HADI

Effect of GinsenosideinInduced RenalIschemia- Reperfusion Injury in Mice

YASMEEN HUSSIEN, HUSSEIN ABDALKADIM, NAJAH R. HADI, WADDAH

MAHBOBA, HAYDER A. AL-AUBAIDY

Comparison of 10% povidone iodine and sterile water as a periuretra

cleansing solutionbefore the insertion of indwelling urinecathetheron the

occurance of bacteria

ANDRI NUGRAHA, TANTRI PUSPITA, IIN PATIMAH, ANGGA DIPA NAGARA

Rejection and Breaks in Pharmaceutical Call Center

M.MULLAI

Assessment of anti-quorum sensing potential of selected medicinal plant

extracts using Chromobacterium violaceum

GUNJANKUMAR MEHTA, VASANTBA J. JADEJA


3 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM

Effect of PEG 4000 in the crystal engineering of Candesartan Cilexetil for

solubility enhancement by Polymer Enriched Bridging Liquid technique

MANOJ K, SEENIVASAN P, ARUL K, SENTHIL KUMAR M

Physiological response of the rheological parameters of erythrocytes to

regular physical exertion in individuals of the first mature age who are at risk

of hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances

I.N. MEDVEDEV

Oral Dispersible Film Containing Eletriptan Hydrobromide for Treatment of

Migraine: Design, Formulation, Evaluation and Optimization

SWAPNIL PALVE, RAJENDRA MOGAL, NAYAN GUJARATHI, ANIL JADHAV

Effect of Wiper Exercise and External Rotation Exercise in Side-lying on the

Muscle Activity and Thickness of the Infraspinatus

JUNG-GEUN MSC, TAE-HO KIM, PHD, DA-YEON KIM, PHD, SO-HEE KIM,

MSC, SANG-UK HYUN, MSC

Simulation Methods as An Effective Tool for Solving Healthy Applied and

Theoretical Problems

OLGA TORSHINA, LYUDMILA PANOVA, ELENA MOSKVINA, LARISA

SMIRNOVA, YULIYA SOMOVA, ALEKSANDR LIMAREV, SERGEJ ZOTOV,

EKATERINA MAKHACHEVA, MARS KHAYRULLIN

Effects of Trunk and Neck Stabilization Exercises Using Visual Information

on Trunk Control and Gross Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy

SO-HEE KIM, HYUN-CHUL HWANG, SANG-UK HYUN, TAE-HO KIM

A Review on Isolation of Endophytes from Indian Medicinal Plants

SUJATHA EDUPUGANTI, P. HARI KRISHNA, RAJESH GOUD GAJULA

Impact of adoption of aerobic exercise on stress management among bank

executives

DR.C.KATHIRAVAN

Clinical and microbiological evaluation of local application efficiency of m-chip in

complex treatment of periodontitis

EKATERINA MIKHAYLOVA, MARGARITA O. NIKOLAEVA, IRINA V. KOROLEVA

Clinical and microbiological assessment of periodontal tissues in patients with

type 2 diabetes mellitus

EKATERINA MIKHAYLOVA, PAVEL V. LASHCHENOV, IRINA V. KOROLEVA

Immunity of the Nasal Mucosa in Premature Infants of the First Year of Life

ALBINA KALIMULLINA, VICTORIA AMIROVA, LILIYA AZNABAEVA, SVETLANA

LARIONOVA, NATALIA SHAFAZHINSKAYA, NIKITA LOGACHEV, NIKOLAI

MAKSIMYUK

Effect of Ambulation Time on the Neurological Complication after Spinal

Anesthesia with Bupivacaine

BANFSHEH MASHAK, FATEMEH BAYAT, SARA ESMAELZADEH SAEIEH, MITRA

RAHIMZADEH, SEDIGHEH NOSRATI ABARGHOOEE, MINA ATAEI

Evaluation of the Effect of Caffeine on Apnea of Preterm Neonates Hospitalized in

Intensive care unit: A clinical trial

ALIREZA MOTLAGH, PARASTO TOSI, MITRA RAHIMZADEH

Adrenal tumors in pediatric practice

ALIMOUKHAMEDOVA AIBEKOVNA, KHALIMOVA ZAMIRA YUSUFOVNA

The prevalence of chronic pyelonephritis in Women with disturbed tolerance for

glucose

ASLONOVA I.ZH., ERKINOVA N.E, TOSHEVA KH.B.

Basis of principles of diagnostic and treatment of heading

BABADJANOVA Z.KH., ZHABBOROVA O.I

A modern view of the etiopathogenesis of back pain and patient management

approaches

BABADJANOVA Z.KH., HALIMOVA D.ZH, MUSAEVA R.KH

A brief review on Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC)

SHEETAL RATHOD, DR. SHAILESH V. LUHAR, DR. SACHIN B. NARKHEDE

Effects of repeatedly subcutaneous injection of silver nanoparticles on liver and

kidney functions in male rats

SHAYMAA MADHKHOOR, MAKEYA ABDULJABBAR HASOUN

Development and Validation of Bendmustine Hydrochloride for Injection and

Studies of Degradation By Using Reverse Phase Liquid chromatography

SRIDHAR J.V.S, LAVKUMAR UPALLA, ANDREWS B. S. A, V.D.N. KUMAR ABBARAJU,

NAGARAJU DASARI

Micronutrient and their role in stress related disorders

SHARON SAMKUTTY, VENKATACHALAM H, JAYASHREE B.S.

A Review on Anxiety and Its Current Drug Treatment

RITIKA SHARMA, DR. PRADEEP GOYAL

In-silico docking studies of phytometabiolites from traditional plant Rujamari

(Rosmarinus officinalis) against human Topoisomerases I&II

M.V.N.L. CHAITANYA, P. NARENDRA KUMAR, C. OBULA REDDY, K. MADHURI, K.

SHANTHI, S JUBIE

Measurement of Ulnar Variance in Indian population

DR. ATHIKARI, DR.KALANITHI RAMANUSAN, DR.YESHWANTH SUBASH


4 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM

Assessment of prescribing pattern of oral anti diabetic drugs in a tertiary care

hospital

GIKKU VARGHESE, CHERYLN ANN CHACKO, JEFFIN JOSEPH, CATHERIN BABU,

MR.PHILIP JACOB, DR.ROSHINY THANKOM JAMES

Indicators of Variability of Heart Rhythm In Patients With Chronic Lung Disease On

The Background Of Therapy By Bronhodilators

RINA ARAMISOVA, MADINA ZH. ATTAEVA, MADINA V. GURIZHEVA, ZARETA A.

KAMBACHOKOVA, MADINA KH. KARDANOVA, LEYLYA M. TAUKENOVA, KARINA A.

GYATOVA

Contribution of the antiradical mechanism to the total antioxidant activity of

heterocyclic compounds

S.S. ZYKOVA, S.V. PONOSOV

Chemical Constituents, Antimicrobial and Antiinflammatory Evaluations of Various

Extracts ofSuaeda vera Forssk. Growing in Saudi Arabia

ARAFA MUSA

Pathogenic bacteria associated with acute childhood diarrhea and their

susceptibility profiling in Misan Province, Iraq

NOORALDEN JASIM, DIANA BASIM ABDULHAMEED AL-QAYSI

Quality of IOL is predictive of posterior capsule opacification that needed yag laser

capsulotomy for correction of quality of vission: a cohort study

DR. YOUSIF

Antidiabetic Activity of Chrozophorarottlerileaves extracts in streptozotocin

induced diabetic rats

SRILAKSHMI NALLAPATI, UMASANKAR KULANDAIVELU, GSN KOTESWARA RAO,

SIVA PRASAD PANDA, RAJASEKHAR REDDY ALAVALA

Orodispersible tablet Based on amorphous surface solid dispersions of

Roxithromycin

NARENDRA YADAV, PRABHAT KUMAR UPADHYAY, MANISH KUMAR, BEENA

KUMARI

Functional Outcome with Usage of Internal fixation in Intra - Articular Distal

Radius Fractures

A.M. AMUTHAN, M. NARAYANA REDDY

Clinico-Radiological Outcome of Fracture Middle 3RD Clavicle Treated Non-

Operatively and With Plate Osteo Synthesis - A Comparative Study

J. PURUSHOTHAMAN

A Comparatives Study of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur Treated with

Dynamic Hip Screw Versus Proximal Femoral Nail

VIJAY CHANDHAR, M. NARAYANA REDDY

Clinical Accuracy of Mcmurray Test and Thessaly Test in Meniscal Injuries and

their Correlation with MRI

KORPU RAM, M. NARAYANA REDDY

An Investigation of Injury Parameters of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients

DIVAKER FENN, M. NARAYANA REDDY

A Comparative Study of Functional Outcome in Patients with Early Osteoarthritis

of Knee Treated with Platelet-Rich Plasma with Conventional Treatment

M.K. KUMAR, M. NARAYANA REDDY

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis A Virus in Paediatric Outpatients

Attending A Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross-Sectional Study

C. GANESH, L. UMADEVI, G. GANAVI

Effects of Mate, Renal, and Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Perinatal and Neuro

Developmental Outcomes in Infants - A Prospective Cohort Study

F.J. REENA, L. UMADEVI, G. RAJAGURU

Overweight and Obesity Related to Food Consumption and Physical Activity

inSchool Children aged 9-14,ofState Educational Institutions in Cerro

Colorado District,Arequipa-Peru

KLINGE VILLALBA-CONDORI, HANIA CAROLA BERROA-GARATE, JOSÉ

OSCAR BEGAZO MIRANDA, TERESA RAMOS-QUISPE, LUIS ALBERTO

PONCE-SOTO

Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Pathophysiological mechanisms,

Therapeutic interventions and Biomarkers

REEMA MITRA, , PRADEEP GOYAL

Effect of TSH suppression therapy on serum minerals in newly diagnosed

hypothyroid patients.

A. LALITHAMMA, , VADIVEL.S

Quality by design (QBD) approach to develop RPHPLC method for determination of

diltiazem hydrochloride

SANDHYA JAISWAL, G.D.GUPTA

A Modified and Credible Methods to Estimate Nitrofurantoin In the Standard of

Substances and Pharmaceutical Dosage

, KHAWLA SALMAN ABD ALRASSOL, QUTAIBA A. QASIM, GHASSAN SALAH

AHMED, H. N. K. AL-SALMAN*

An Examination of Nutritional Status: To Know the Prevalence of Regional

Osteoporosis

DIVAKER FENN, M. NARAYANA REDDY


5 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM

Evocation of Physical Pain of Osteoporosis in Patients

VIJAY CHANDHAR, KORPU VENKATA RAM KISHORE

Characterization of Nutraceutical Properties of Date Palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.)

Kernels

HOSNI. S, ABD GANI. S.S, HALMI. M.I.E, ZAIDAN. U.H

A Framework base analyzing cancer cells in blood Image segmentation by using

convolution neural networks

V. KAKULAPATI, S. MAHENDER REDDY

Examination of Femoral Neck to Recognize the Prevalence of Regional

Osteoporosis in Patients

F.J. REENA, L. UMADEVI

Analysis of Femur Bone Density in Study to Identify the Prevalence of Regional

Osteoporosis

G. RAJAGURU, F.J. FRANCIS REENA

Descriptive Analysis of Spine Bone Density in Study to know the Prevalence of

Regional Osteoporosis in Patients

J. PURUSHOTHAMAN, KORPU VENKATA RAM KISHORE

Relationship of Femoral Neck with Age Group of Study to Recognize the

Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Patients

G. RAJAGURU, C. ARUN GANESH

A Study of Association of Femoral Bone Density with Age Group in Patients

L. UMADEVI, F.J. FRANCIS REENA

Connection of Femoral Neck with Gender of Study to Distinguish the Prevalence of

Regional Osteoporosis in Patients

A.M. AMUTHAN, J. RAJA PURUSHOTHAMAN

Relationship of Femoral Bone Density with Gender of Study to be Acquainted with

the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients

M. REDDY, M.K. VETRI KUMAR

A Study on Involvement of Spine with Gender of Study to Distinguish the

Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis

A.M. AMUTHAN, G. RAJAGURU

To Know the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients: Relationship of

Femoral Neck with Diabetes


Construction of Association: Femoral with Nutritional Status

C. GANESH, VIJAY SHARATH CHANDHAR

A Study to know the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients based on the

Association of Spine with Diabetes

G. GANAVI, A.M. KAVIN AMUTHAN

Association of Femoral Neck with Nutritional Status of Study to Know the

Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients


Evocative Study to Identify the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients

G. GANAVI, FRANCIS REENA

Comparison of Proportion of Osteoporosis based on between Spine and Femur T-

Scores to know the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients

M. REDDY, M.K. VETRI KUMAR

A Descriptive Study for Identifying the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in

Patients Using Association of Femoral with Religion

M.K. KUMAR, G. GANAVI

Association of Spine with Religion of Study to Know the Prevalence of Regional


C. GANESH, VIJAY SHARATH CHANDHAR

Bone Mineral Density at Different Sites to know the Prevalence of Regional


A.M. AMUTHAN, M. NARAYANA REDDY

Association of Spine with Age Group of Study to know the Prevalence of Regional


DIVAKER FENN, VIJAY SHARATH CHANDHAR

The effect of sunnah rosul sleep-etiquette to sleep quality of child

WIDYONINGSIH , NOVA MUTAWAROH , AHMAD KUSNAENI, AHMAD SUBANDI ,

YUNI SAPTO EDHY RAHAYU

The photoprotection of Jamblang Fruit (Syzygium cumini(L.) skeels) ethanolic

extract as sunscreen by determining sun protection factor

, ZAINUR RAHMAN HAKIM, ARIF BUDIMAN

Asphyxia a major risk factors of early neonatal mortality

DWI MARYANTI, DEWI PRASETYANI, TRIMEILIA SUPRIHATININGSIH

An advancement of collagen and curcumin nanoparticles with surfactan using sld

method for wound healing application: experimental study on rabbits

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717| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 -Research Article Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction NI PUTU AYU DEWI WIJAYANTI, PUTU SANNA YUSTIANTARA, IDA AYU SINTHA DEVI, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, University of Udayana, Bali, Indonesia. Email ID: [email protected]. Received: 18.08.19, Revised: 13.09.19, Accepted: 16.10.19 ABSTRACT Mangosteen rind fraction contains flavonoids and polyphenols. The direct use of mangosteen rind fraction in topical dosage formulations requires a delivery system that is good for supporting adsorption and percutaneous penetration. The delivery system that can be used is nanoemulsion with particle size <100 nm. This study aims to determine the stirring speed that meets the physical characteristics of nanoemulsion. The nanoemulsion of mangosteen rind fraction was made as much as 0.125%, using the Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) method with the formulation of Olive oil, PEG 400, and cremophore RH 40 which is 1:2:7. The stirring speed used in the optimization is 100 rpm, 300 rpm, and 500 rpm. The resulting nanoemulsion was then evaluated for physical stability, transmit percent, particle size, and zeta potential. The results of the analysis show that the stirring speed in the nanoemulsion system that meets the criteria is the speed of 300 rpm, and 500 rpm in 12 grams of nanoemulsion, with the results of successive physical characteristics ie no separation between the two phases, with the transmit percentagevalue 90.7±0.2 % and 91.7±0.4%, have particle sizes of 21.43 ±0.15 nm and 20.57 ± 0.26 nm, and potential zeta values of -4.02±0.30 mV and -5.55±0.97. The relationship between the stirring speed to the physical characteristics of nanoemulsion, where the increasing the stirring speed, the better the physical characteristics of nanoemulsion resulting from stability test, transmit percent, particle size, and zeta potential. Keywords: Fraction, Mangosteen, Nanoemulsion, SNEDDS, Stirring speed INTRODUCTIONMangosteen rind fraction contains polyphenols and flavonoids as many as 13% b / b (Kurniasari, 2018). According to Wijanti et al. (2018) research, mangosteen rind fraction has very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 10.71 µg/mL. The usage of mangosteen rind fraction in topical dosage formulations requires a proper delivery system to support adsorption and percutaneous penetration. Nanoemulsion is a water-oil dispersion that is stabilized by surfactant molecules which has a droplet globule size less than 100 nm (Pratiwi et al., 2016). Nanoemulsion has the advantage to dissolve lipophilic drugs, thereby increasing bioavailability, not irritating, and increasing stability to prevent creaming, flocculation, coalescence, and sedimentation (Fanun, 2010). Nanoemulsion is applied in a drug delivery system called Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) (Sokolov, 2014). The drug target is affected by the molecular particle size of the drug, therefore it is important to know the nanoemulsion particle size (Pinto et al., 2006) besides particle size will affect the physical characteristics of physical stability, clarity, and zeta value of potential nanoemulsion. As one of the parameter stirring speed plays a role in reducing particle size and homogenizing liquids in the process to create nanoemulsion. As a result of Increasing the stirring speed leads to increase number of collisions between particles which causes more particles to split up to

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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2019.11.04.053

Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti et al / Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction 718| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 nanometer size (Gupta et al., 2010). Based on this, further research is required to determine effect on the stirring speed of the stirrer on the particle size of the nanoemulsion of the mangosteen rind fraction. Variations in the stirring speed of the stirrer used are 100, 300 and 500 rpm. Material � Mangosteen rind Fraction � Cremofor RH 40 (Asian Chemical) � PEG 400 (Asian Chemical) � Aqua Deion (Asian Chemical). Method The nanoemulsion was started by mixing the mangosteen rind fraction with a concentration of 0.125% b / b in olive oil and PEG 400 then stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes. Chremofor RH 40 was added a surfactant and stirred again with a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours. The mixture is placed in a sonicator. The mixture is then added with 10 grams of deion water, then stirred to form nanoemulsion. Made of three nanoemulsion formulas, namely nanoemulsion which is stirred at speeds of 100, 300, and 500 rpm. EVALUATION OF NANOEMULSION Physical Stability The physical stability of nanoemulsion was carried out by centrifugating the nanoemulsion of mangosteen rind fraction at a speed of 1200 rpm for 15 minutes then to be observed. Stable nanoemulsion can be observed with color, visual clarity and no separation between the two oil phases and the water phase (Rachmawati et al., 2014). Transmittance Percentage Observation of the clarity of the formed nanoemulsion can be done by measuring UV-Vis spectrophotometer by using the percentage of transmittance parameter at a wavelength of 650 nm with aqua deion as blank. Good nanoemulsion will have clear visuals with a transmittance percentage value of 90-100% (Costa et al., 2012). Zeta Potential The potential zeta is determined by electrophoretic light scattering, using the Zeta Sizer Nano Series (Malvern Instruments). One gram of nanoemulsion mangosteen rind fraction was dispersed in 5 ml of aqua deion and measured. Potential zeta values obtained as nanoemulsions are -30 mV to +30 mV (Kale and Deore, 2017). Particle Size of Nanoemulsion The nanoemulsion droplet size and polydispersity index were determined using the laser light scattering method using Zeta Sizer Nano Series (Malvern Instruments). The polydispersity index is a particle size distribution used to estimate the particle size distribution range in a sample. Good particle size distribution ranges from 0.01-0.7 (Wahyuningsih and Putranti., 2015). One gram of nanoemulsion mangosteen rind fraction was dispersed in 5 ml of aqua deion and measured. Droplet size testing was performed to see whether the nanoemulsion preparations produced had droplet sizes that met the nanoemulsion droplet size criteria of <100 nm (Pratiwi et al., 2016). RESULT AND DISCUSSIONTable 1: Effect of Speed Stirrer on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion Speed stirer Physical Stability % Transmittance Particle Size (nm) Zeta Potential (mV) 100 rpm Separate 89.933 ± 0.322 24.303 ± 0.050 -3.803 ± 0.353 300 rpm Not separate 90.700 ± 0.200 21.427 ± 0.152 -4.020 ± 0.308 500 rpm Not separate 91.700 ± 0.400 20.567 ± 0.259 -5.553 ± 0.966 Physical Stability The centrifugation test aims to observe the possibility of instability caused by gravity. The working principle of ultracentrifugation is the separation of particles based on molecular specific gravity by providing centrifugal force so that heavier particles will be at the bottom while lighter particles will be above (Zulfikar, 2008). Based on the results of the stability test by showing that there is no phase separation between the oil phase and the water phase in the

Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti et al / Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction 719| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 formula with a stirring speed of 300 rpm and 500 rpm, the formula with a stirring speed of 100 rpm can be indicated that there is a separation between the oil phase and the water phase. This shows that nanoemulsions with stirring speeds of 300 rpm and 500 rpm are more stable with no separation between the two oil and water phases. Transmittance Percentage Fig.1: Effect of stirring speed on the transmittance percentage of mangosteen fraction of nanoemulsion The percentage of transmittance measurement was carried out to measure the clarity of the nanoemulsion produced, if the yield of percentage transmittance was close to 100%, then the sample had clarity or transparency similar to water (Thakkar et al., 2011). Based on data from the percentage of transmittance test, shown that nanoemulsion F2 and F3 meet the range of transmittance values according to good nanoemulsion standards of 90-100%. Where F2 has a transmittance value of 90.700 ± 0.200 and F3 has a transmittance of 91.700 ± 0.400. But for F1 with a stirring speed of 100 rpm, it does not meet the range of the transmittance percentage value as nanoemulsion with the % transmittance value of 89.933 ± 0.322. Rendered by the particle size produced was greater so that the physical appearance of the nanoemulsion produced was not clear so that the resulting transmittance percentage value is low. Zeta Potential Fig.2: Effect of stirring speed on the zeta potential of mangosteen fraction of nanoemulsion The potential zeta test results showed that the three nanoemulsion formulas with variations in stirring speed of 100 rpm, 300 rpm, and 500 rpm respectively had a potential zeta value of -3.803 ± 0.353; -4.020 ± 0.308; -5.533 ± 0.966. From these data, the best nanoemulsion formula, F3 with a stirring speed of 500 rpm, yielding a potential zeta value of potential zeta -5.533 ± 0.966 and F2 with a stirring speed of 300 rpm obtained a potential zeta value of -4.020 ± 0.308, nearing -30 mV, causing a force reject between high particles so as to prevent instability in the nanoemulsion system compared to F1 with a stirring speed of 100 rpm resulting in a potential zeta tilapia which is quite low at -3.803 ± 0.353. Particle Size of Nanoemulsion Based on the results of particle size testing, it has been shown that the three nanoemulsion formulas with variations in stirring velocity namely F1, F2 and F3 had particle sizes of 24.303 ± 0.050; 21.427 ± 0.152; and 20.567 ± 0.259. This is in accordance with the research of Seberi et al (2013), stating that in the manufacture of nanoemulsion systems, the increasing the stirring speed of the stirrer, the smaller the particle size produced. Nanoemulsion has particle size diameters that spread domains ranging from 1-100 nm, usually 10-50 nm (Kale and Deore, 2017), so that nanoemulsions with variations in stirring speed 100 rpm, 300 rpm and 500 rpm have met nanoemulsion particle size criteria, namely <100 nm. The results of this study note that nanoemulsions with variations in stirring speeds of 100, 300 and 500 rpm have

Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti et al / Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction 720| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 consecutive polydispersion index values of 0.420; 0.310; 0.300. This shows that the nanoemulsion produced has a fairly good homogeneity and level of particle size distribution. Fig.3: Effect of stirring speed on the droplets of the size of mangosteen fraction of nanoemulsion CONCLUSION Based on the results of the data it can be concluded that different variations in stirring speed produce different sizes of nanoemulsion particles. The nanoemulsion system that meets the criteria is the stirring speed of 300 rpm and 500 rpm. The particle size of nanoemulsion affects physical stability, percentagetransmittance, zeta potential, and particle size. REFERENCES 1. Costa, J.A., Lucas, E.F., Queirós, Y.G. and Mansur, C.R., 2012. Evaluation of nanoemulsions in the cleaning of polymeric resins. Colloids and

Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 415, pp.112-118. 2. Gupta, P.K., Pandit, J.K., Kumar, A., Swaroop, P. and Gupta, S., 2010. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology novel nanoemulsion-high energy emulsification preparation, evaluation and application. The Pharma Research, 3(3), pp.117-138. 3. Kale, S.N. and Deore, S.L., 2017. Emulsion micro emulsion and nano emulsion: a review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 8(1), p.39. 4. Kurniasari, N.L.Y. (2018). Optimasi Jumlah Penjerapan Fraksi Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia

mangostana L.) Dalam Sistem Nanoemulsi dengan Metode SNEDDS (Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System). OJS, 2(1), 1-6. 5. Pratiwi, L., Fudholi, A., Martien, R. and Pramono, S., 2016. Design and optimization of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of ethyl acetate fraction from mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana, L.). Int J PharmTech Res, 9(6), pp.380-387. 6. Reis, C.P., Neufeld, R.J., Ribeiro, A.J. and Veiga, F., 2006. Nanoencapsulation I. Methods for preparation of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2(1), pp.8-21. 7. Adil f. Wali, ahlam mushtaq, muneeb u rehman, seema akbar, mubashir hussain masoodi (2017) bee propolis (bee’s glue): a phytochemistry review. Journal of Critical Reviews, 4 (4), 9-13. doi:10.22159/jcr.2017v4i4.20135 8. Saberi, A.H., Fang, Y. and McClements, D.J., 2014. Effect of salts on formation and stability of vitamin E-enriched mini-emulsions produced by spontaneous emulsification. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 62(46), pp.11246-11253. 9. PV Kamala Kumari, S Akhila, Y Srinivasa Rao and B. Rama Devi. "Alternative to Artificial Preservatives." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 10.1 (2019), 99-102. Print. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.1.17 10. Thakkar, H., Nangesh, J., Parmar, M. and Patel, D., 2011. Formulation and characterization of lipid-based drug delivery system of raloxifene-microemulsion and self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 3(3), p.442. 11. Wijayanti, N.P.A.D, A.A.G.R.Y. Putra, I.A.P Suryantari. (2018). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Menggunakan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Kimia, 12(1), 74-78. 12. Wahyuningsih, I. and Putranti, W., 2015. Optimasi Perbandingan Tween 80 dan Polietilenglikol 400 Pada Formula Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Minyak Biji Jinten Hitam. Pharmacy: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 12(02). 13. Novia, D., Amelia, S. and Ayuza, N.Z., 2011. Kajian suhu pengovenan terhadap kadar protein dan nilai organoleptik telur asin. Jurnal Peternakan, 8(2).

Optimization of Stirring Speed onPhysical Characteristics of

Nanoemulsion on MangosteenRind (Garcinia Mangostana L.)

Fractionby Dewi Wijayanti

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