international association of operative millers · 2016. 10. 21. · fumigation update international...
TRANSCRIPT
Fumigation Update
International Association of
Operative Millers
Arusha, Tanzania
David Mueller
Sulfuryl fluoride, methyl bromide,
phosphine
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Methyl Bromide Phase Out….
O
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Phosphine
Cylinderized phosphine and solid
phosphine formulations.
ECO2FUME; Australian invention to control phosphine release
Phostoxin; Solid pellets & tablets
Phosphine Update
• Used to fumigate
commodities worldwide
• Insect resistance found in
Asia, India, Africa, Australia
• Least expensive fumigant
• Label changes
• Corrosive to copper at high
concentrations
Phosphine Recirculation…A better way to fumigate grain
Phosphine is placed on top of the grain and the gas is recirculated upward for to offer even distribution in the bins.
J-System
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Miller’s Target Pest: Tribolium spp.
Phosphine and
Heat…
Increased temperature
stresses insects
Heat – 35 - 40° C
Phosphine – 50 -75 PPM
24 - 30 hours
Warning:
Manage
corrosion
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Methyl Bromide Alternative Projects
Under the Montreal Protocol (GTZ, UNDP, UNIDO, UNEP, The World Bank)
- Mauritius
- Zimbabwe
- Cote I’vories
- Vietnam
- Philippines
- Thailand
- Jamaica
- Turkey
- Georgia
- St. Kitts - Zimbabwe Grain Depot
New Sulfuryl Fluoride for flour
mills and food factoriesUSA, German, Chinese SF producers
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Mills and warehouses fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride
2008
Mauritius Flour MillDecember 31- January 2, 2008
Hands-on Stewardship Training
The FumiGuide™ computer software program helps manage the fumigation. Hardy Henry fumigation crew of Port Lewis and Dow’s Suresh P. reviewing fumigant gas readings.
Advantages to Sulfuryl Fluoride
• Not an ozone depleting substance
• Better penetrating gas than MB
• Stewardship program offers a safer fumigation
• Gas cost is similar to MB
• Effective against all stages of insects or rodents
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Purdue University Insect Mortality Study:
99.2% mortality of all stages of Tribolium
Good Penetration of Shifters
and Wood
IAOM – Fumigation Update
Disadvantages of Sulfuryl Fluoride
• Not registered in all countries
• North America, Europe, Asia, Africa
• Special monitoring equipment needed (US$10,000.)
• Technical skills needed to perform Precision Fumigation.
Monitoring gas levels of in a flour mill
fumigation is important
Fumiguide®
Fumiscope Manifold
Cost - $ / 1,000 cubic feet
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Phosphine Methyl Bromide Sulfuryl Fluoride
US
D
IAOM – Fumigation Update
* 1,000 sq. ft. = 33 cu. m
Fumigant Cost
Conclusions• Sulfuryl fluoride & Phosphine can be a viable
and economic replacements for methyl
bromide in flour mills and food factories if
used properly.
• Phosphine resistance needs to be managed.
• Fumigants work better in warm temperature.
• Monitoring gas levels is essential.
www.fumigationzone.com
QUESTIONS?
• Ricardo Guimaraes, Global Business Leader
• Dow AgroSciences LLP, USA
• Stanley , Europe