internal reproductive system

8/3/2019 Internal Reproductive System

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Two types of epithelium may cover

the external os or ectocervix.

y

Pink squamous epitheliumwhich lines the vaginal walls.

yAnd red, roughlookingcolumnar epithelium (whichlines the endocervical canal).


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yThe columnar epithelium may be visiblearound the os. The point where the twotypes of epithelium meet is called thesquamocolumnar junction.

yThe cervix functions to allow the entrance ofsperm into the uterus and to allow thepassage of menstrual flow. It also secrets

mucus and prevents the entrance of vaginalbacteria. During childbirth, the cervix canstretch to allow the passage of the fetus. Thecervical cells are scraped for analysis during

a Papanicolaou smear (Pap test).


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CERVIX

yComposed of smooth muscle,muscle fibers, & connectivetissue.


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THE UTERUSy is a pearshaped muscular organ that has two

components: the corpus, or body, and the cervix,neck. The corpus of the uterus is divided into thefundus (upper portion), the body (Centralportion), and the isthmus (narrow lower portion).The uterus is usually situated in a forward positionabove the bladder at approximately a 45-degreeangle to the vagina when standing (anverted andanteflexed position). The normal-sized uterus isapproximatelty 7.5 cm long, 5 cm wide, and 2.5 cmthick. The uterus is movable.


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yThe endometrium , the myometrium,and the peritoneum are the three layersof the uterine wall. The endometriumis the inner mucosal layer. Theendometrium is composed of epithelium, connective tissue, and avascular network; the thickness of thistissue is influencend by estrogen andprogesterone.


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yUterine glands contained withinthe endometrium secrete analkaline substance that keeps the

utierine cavity moist. A portion ofthe endometrium sheds duringmenses and childbirth. The

myometrium is the middle layer ofthe uterus. it is composed of threelayers of smooth muscle fibers that

suround blood vessels.


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yThis layer function to expel the

products of conception. Theperitoeum is the outer uterine layerthat covers the uterus and separates it

from the abdominal cavity. Theperitoneum forms anterior andposterior pouches around the uterus .

the posterior pouch is called therecto-uterine pouch or the cul-de-sacof Douglas.


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yT

he ovaries are a pair of small,oval-shaped organs. Each isapproximately 3 cm long, 2 cm

wide, and 1 cm deep; each issituated on a lateral aspect of

the pelvic cavity.T

he ovaries areconnected to the uterus by theovarian ligament.


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yT

he ovary functions to develop andrelease ova and to producehormones such as estrogen.

Progesterone, and testosterone.The ovum travels from the ovary tothe uterus through the fallopian

tubes. These 8 to 12 cm long tubesbegin near the ovaries and enterthe uterus just beneath the fundus.


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yT

he end of the tube near theovary has fingerlike extentionscalled finbriae. The ovaries,

fallopian tubes, and supportingovarian ligaments are referred

to as theadnexa

(Latin forappendages).


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yGOD CHOSE TO BE

CONCEIVED AND TO BE

BORN.


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UPHOLD THE SANCTITY OF

THE WOMB


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REJECT THE ANTI-LIFE !


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internal reproductive system

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