internal medicine cardiovascular mnemonics

8/16/2019 Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Mnemonics

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Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Mnemonics

Aortic stenosis characteristics SAD:

Syncope

Angina

Dyspnoea

MI: basic management BOOMAR :

Bed rest

Oxygen

O piateMonitor

Anticoagulate

R educe clot size

ECG: left vs. right bunle bloc! ""i##iaM MaRR o"":

" pattern in V1-V2 and M pattern in V3-V6 is #eft bundle block.

M pattern in V1-V2 and " in V3-V6 is R ight bundle block.

!ote: consider bundle branch blocks hen #$% co&plex is ide.'(--)if (support*ine+reak!e*ine,--

'(--)endif,--

$ericaritis: causes CARDIAC RI%D:

Collagen ascular disease

Aortic aneurys&

R adiation

Drugs /such as hydralazine0

Infections

Acute renal failure

Cardiac infarction

R heu&atic feer

Inury

%eoplas&s

Dresslers syndro&e

Murmurs: s&stolic t&'es SA$S:Systolic

Aortic

$ul&onic

Stenosis %ystolic &ur&urs include aortic and pul&onary stenosis.

%i&ilarly its co&&on sense that if it is aortic and pul&onary stenosis it could also be &itral and tricusp

regurgitation,.

'(--)if (support*ine+reak!e*ine,--'(--)endif,--

http://worldofmedicalmnemonics.blogspot.com/2008/08/internal-medicine-cardiovascular.htmlhttp://worldofmedicalmnemonics.blogspot.com/2008/08/internal-medicine-cardiovascular.html


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MI: signs an s&m'toms $(#SE:

$ersistent chest pains

( pset sto&ach

#ightheadednessShortness of breath

Excessie seating

'(--)if (support*ine+reak!e*ine,--

'(--)endif,--

)eart com'ensator& mechanisms that *save* organ bloo flo+ uring shoc! "4eart SA,ER ":

Sy&phatoadrenal syste&

Atrial natriuretic factor

,asopressinEndogenous digitalis-like factor

R enin-angiotensin-aldosterone syste&

5n all syste& is actiated7factor is released


Murmurs: right vs. left louness "RI#E":

R ight sided heart &ur&urs are louder on Inspiration.

#eft sided heart &ur&urs are loudest on Expiration.


'(--)endif,--

S- elevation causes in ECG E#E,A-IO%:Electrolytes

#+++

Early repolarization

,entricular hypertrophyAneurys&

-reat&ent /eg pericardiocentesis0

Inury /895 contusion0

Osborne aes /hypother&ia0%on-occlusie asospas&


'(--)endif,--

Bec!*s tria cariac tam'onae/ 3 s:

Distant heart sounds

Distended ugular eins

Decreased arterial pressure


MI: thera'eutic treatment ROAMBA#:

R eassure

Oxygen

AspirinMorphine /dia&orphine0


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Beta blocker

Arthroplasty

#ignocaine

C)0: causes of e1acerbation 0AI#(RE:

0orgot &edicationArrhyth&ia7 Anae&ia

Ische&ia7 Infarction7 Infection

#ifestyle: taken too &uch salt( pregulation of ;Systolic.

$AID: $ul&onic = Aortic Insufficiency>Diastolic.

Murmurs: s&stolic vs. iastolic %ystolic &ur&urs: MR AS: "MR . ASner".

iastolic &ur&urs: MS AR : "MS. AR den".

?he fa&ous people ith those surna&es are 9r. @d 8sner and 9s. Aane 8rden.


MI: thera'eutic treatment "O BA-MA%(":

Oxygen

Beta blocker A%8

-hro&bolytics /eg heparin0Morphine

Ace prn%itroglycerin


'(--)endif,--

Mitral stenosis MS/ vs. regurgitation MR/: e'iemiolog& MS is a fe&ale title /Ms.0 and it is fe&ale

predo&inant.

MR is a &ale title /Mr.0 and it is &ale predo&inant.


$ericaritis: E2G "$ericarditiS":

$$ depression in 'recordial leads.

S? eleation.'(--)if (support*ine+reak!e*ine,--

'(--)endif,--


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3ugular venous 'ressure 3,$/ elevation: causes )O#-: Brab 4arold 4olt around the neck and thro

hi& in the ocean:

)eart failureO bstruction of enea caa

#y&phatic enlarge&ent - supraclaicular

5ntra--horacic pressure increase

MI: thera'eutic treatment MO%A):Morphine

Oxygen

%itrogen

Aspirin)eparin


'(--)endif,--

De'resse S-4segment: causes DE$RESSED S-:Drooping ale /9VC0

Enlarge&ent of *V ith strain

$otassiu& loss /hypokale&ia0

R eciprocal %?- depression /in 57D 8950

E&bolis& in lungs /pul&onary e&bolis&0

Subendocardial ische&ia

Subendocardial infarct

Encephalon hae&orrhage /intracranial hae&orrhage0

Dilated cardio&yopathy

Shock

-oxicity of digitalis Euinidine

Murmurs: innocent murmur features F %s:

SoftSystolic

Short

Sounds /%1 = %20 nor&al

Sy&pto&lessS pecial tests nor&al /G-ray @HB0

Standing7 Sitting /ary ith position0

Sternal depression


Murmur attributes "I# $5RS-" /person has ill C#$%? heart aes0:

Intensity#ocation

$itch

5uality


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R adiation

Shape

-i&ing


Murmurs: locations an escri'tions "MRS A66":

MRS: Mitral R egurgitation--Systolic

A66: Aortic Stenosis--Systolic ?he other to &ur&urs 9itral stenosis and 8ortic regurgitation are obiously diastolic.


'(--)endif,--

Betabloc!ers: carioselective betabloc!ers "Betablockers Acting Exclusiely At Myocardiu&"

;ardioselectie betablockers are:

Betaxolol

Acebutelol

Es&ololAtenolol

Metoprolol


A'e1 beat: abnormalities foun on 'al'ation7 causes of im'al'able )I#-:

)eaing

I&palpable#aterally displaced

-hrusting7 -apping

5f it is i&palpable causes are CO$D:

C


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'(--)endif,--

$eri'heral vascular insufficienc&: ins'ection criteria SIC,D:

Sy&&etry of leg &usculature

Integrity of skinColor of toenails

,aricose eins

Distribution of hair '(--)if (support*ine+reak!e*ine,--

'(--)endif,--

Rheumatic fever: Revise 3ones* criteria 3O%ES cr I-ERIA: 9aor criteria:

3oint /arthritis0

O bious /;ardiac0

%odule /$heu&atic0

Erythe&a &arginatu&Sydenha& chorea

9inor criteria:

Infla&&atory cells /leukocytosis0

-e&perature /feer0

E%$7;$C eleated

R aised C$ interal

Itself /preious 4x of $heu&atic feer0

Arthralgia


'(--)endif,--

)eart murmurs "hARD ASS MRS. MSD":h8$: Aortic R egurg > Diastolic

8%%: Aortic Stenosis > Systolic

9$%: Mitral R egurg > Systolic

9%: Mitral Stenosis > Diastolic

Rheumatic fever: Revise 3ones criteria 3O%ES $EACE: 9aor criteria:

3oints: &igratory

O /heart shaped0 ;arditis: ne onset &ur&ur %odules subcutaneous: extensor surfaces

Erythe&a &arginatu&

Sydenha&s chorea

9inor criteria:

$$ interal prolongedE%$ eleated

Arthralgias

C$C eleated


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Eleated te&perature /feer0

!eed 2 &aor or 1 &aor and 2 &inor criteria plus eidence of recent B8% infection /throat cx rapid

antigen test or rising strep antibody titer0.

$ulseless electrical activit&: causes $A-C) MED:

$ul&onary e&bolus

Acidosis-ension pneu&othorax

Cardiac ta&ponade

)ypokale&ia7 )yperkale&ia7 )ypoxia7 )ypother&ia7 )ypoole&ia

Myocardial infarctionElectrolyte derange&ents

Drugs

Coronar& arter& b&'ass graft: inications D(S-:

Depressed entricular function(nstable angina

Stenosis of the left &ain ste&

-riple essel disease

E1ercise ram' ECG: contrainications RAM$:R ecent 95

Aortic stenosis

M5 in the last I days$ul&onary hypertension

ECG: - +ave inversion causes I%,ER-:

Ische&ia

%or&ality )esp. young black,

,entricular hypertrophy

Ectopic foci )eg calcified plaEues,

R +++ *+++

-reat&ents )digoxin,

M&ocarial infarctions: treatment I%0ARC-IO%S:

IV access%arcotic analgesics /eg &orphine pethidine0

0acilities for defibrillation /J0

Aspirin7 Anticoagulant /heparin0

R estConerting enzy&e inhibitor


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-hro&bolysis

IV beta blocker

Oxygen 6KL

%itratesStool %ofteners

Atrial fibrillation: causes $IRA-ES:$ul&onary: C@ ;


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R heu&atic feer

Drugs /eg isoniazid hydralazine procainal&ide0

Infection /eg ?+ coxsackie strep0

$@S*@7%cleroder&a

-u&ours7 -hyroid disease

(rae&ia

$ost 95 /includes resslers0

Aortic issection: ris! factors ABC:

Atherosclerosis7 Ageing7 Aortic aneurys&Blood pressure high7 Baby /pregnancy0

Connectie tissue disorders /eg 9arfans @hlers-anlos07 Cystic &edial necrosis

)eart failure: causes )EAR- 0AI#ED:

)ypertensionEndocrine

Ane&ia

R heu&atic heart disease

-oxins0ailure to take &eds

Arryth&ia

Infection

#ung /C@ pneu&onia0Electrolytes

Diet

internal medicine cardiovascular mnemonics

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