internal combustion engine presentation
TRANSCRIPT
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Syllabus: Sections A, B,C & D
Books:Text Books: 1.Internal Combustion EnginesV. Ganesan, Pub.-Tata
McGraw-Hill.
2.Gas Turbines - V. Ganesan, Pub.- Tata McGraw Hill.
3. Engineering fundamental of the I.C.Engine WillardW.Pulkrabek, Pub.-PHI,India
Reference Books:1. Internal Combustion Engines & Air pollution- Obert E.F,
Pub.-Hopper & Row Pub., New York2. Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals- John B.
Heywood, Pub.McGraw Hill.
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Introduction:
Energy conversion: An engine
Heat Engine
Air standard Cycles:
. Internal combustion engine(IC Engine)
and external combustion engine (EC Engine)
. Classification of Heat Engines
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Assignment no 01:
Write a short note on classification of heat engines.
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. Engine components and Nomenclature
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. Cycles of operation in four stroke
I.C. Engines.
. Comparison of SI and CI Engines.
. Two stroke engine.
. Comparison of four and two stroke engines.
. Classification of IC Engines
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Assignment no 02:
a) Comparison of SI and CI Engines.
b) Comparison of four and two stroke engines.
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.Wankle Engine
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. Assumptions made in air standard cycle.
. Carnot cycle
. Otto cycle.
. Diesel cycle
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Assignment no 03:
a)Write a note on Wankel Engine.
b) Write down assumptions made for air standard
cycles.
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. Dual combustion cycle.
. Comparison of Otto, diesel and dual combustion
cycles.
. Sterling and Ericsson cycles.
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Assignment no 04:
Explain diesel combustion cycle with diagram.
Derive expression for its efficiency and work done.
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. Air standard efficiency
. Specific work output.
. Specific weight, work ratio.
. Mean effective pressure;
. Deviation of actual engine cycle from ideal cycle.
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Assignment no 05:
Define air standard efficiency, specific work output,
specific work ratio and mean effective pressure.
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Carburetion, fuel Injection and Ignition
systems:
. Various types of fuels used
. Qualities of engine fuels.
. Mixture requirements for various operating
conditions in S.I.Engines.
. Elementary carburetor.
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Assignment no 06:
Describe an elementary carburetor. Draw its sketch
and label parts.
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Injection:
. Functions
. Parts of an injection system
. Requirements of a diesel injection system, types of
injection systems
. Petrol injection, requirements of ignition system;
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Assignment no 07:
Describe injection system for petrol engine.
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. Types of ignition systems,
. Firing order
. Ignition timing
. Spark Plug.
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Assignment no 08:
Draw a neat sketch of spark plug and label its parts.
Also write a note on spark plug.
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Combustion in I.C. Engines :
. S.I. engines; Ignition limits
. Stages of combustion in S.I. Engines
. Ignition lag.
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Assignment no 09:
What is ignition lag?
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. Velocity of flame propagation
. Knocking in SI engines
. Combustion chambers in SI Engines
. Combustion in CI Engines
. Stages of combustion in CI engines
. Detonation
. Effects of engine variables on detonation, theoriesof detonation
. Octane rating of fuels.
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Assignment no 10:
What is detonation in petrol engine.
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. Pre-ignition
. Combustion chambers in CI engines.
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Assignment no 11:
Write a note on combustion chamber of S.I engine.
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. Stages of combustion in C.I. Engines
. Delay period; variables affecting delay period
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Assignment no 12:
Explain stages of combustion in C I engines.
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. knock in C.I. engines
. Cetane rating
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Assignment no 13:
What is knocking in C I engine.
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. C.I. engine combustion chambers.
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Lubrication and Cooling Systems:
. Functions of a lubricating system
. Types of lubrication system; mist, wet sump
and dry sump systems.
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Assignment no 15:
Explain wet sump lubrication system with sketch.
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. Properties of lubricating oil.
. SAE rating of lubricants.
. Engine performance and lubrication.
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Assignment no 16:
What are properties of a lubricating oil.
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Necessity of engine cooling.
. Disadvantages of overcooling
. Cooling systems; air-cooling, water cooling;
radiators.
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Assignment no 17:
Explain water cooling system of IC engines.
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Engine Testing and Performance:
Performance parameters:
BHP
IHP
Mechanical efficiency
Brake mean effective pressure
Indicative mean effective pressure
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Torque
Volumetric efficiency
Specific fuel consumption, (BSFC, ISFC)
Thermal efficiency
Heat balance
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Basic engine measurements;
Fuel and air consumption,
Brake power,
Indicated power and
Friction power,
Heat lost to coolant and exhaust gases;
Performance curves.
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Assignment no 19:
How is BHP of an engine measured. Explain
one method with diagram.
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Air pollution from I.C. Engine and Its remedies:
Pollutants from S.I. and C.I. Engines,
Methods of emission control.
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Assignment no 20:
Explain catalytic converter method for
controlling pollution in vehicles.
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Alternative fuels for I.C. Engines.
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Assignment no 21:
What are the alternative fuels for IC engines
for controlling pollution.
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Rotary Compressors:
Root and vane blowers;
Static and total head values;
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Assignment no 23:
Write a note on root and vane blowers.
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Centrifugal compressors:
Velocity diagrams,
Slip factor,
Ratio of compression,
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Assignment no 24:
.Draw velocity diagrams for centrifugal compressor.
. What is slip factor?
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Pressure coefficient,
Pre-whirl
Axial flow compressor:
Degree of reaction,
Polytrophic efficiency,
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C i & G
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surging,
choking and stalling,
performance characteristics.
IC i & GT
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Assignment no 26:
. Write short notes on surging, choking and stalling
in an axial flow compressor.
IC i & GT
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Gas Turbines:
Brayton cycle;
Components of a gas turbine plant;
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Assignment no 27:
. Explain Brayton cycle.
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Open and closed types of gas turbine plants;
Optimum pressure ratio;
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Assignment no 28:
. What are open and close type gas turbines?
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Improvements of the basic gas turbine cycle;
multi stage compression with inter-cooling.
IC i & GT
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Assignment no 29:
.What is multi stage compression with inter cooling?
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Multi stage expansion with reheating betweenstages.
Exhaust gas heat exchanger.
Applications of gas turbines.
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Assignment no 30:
.What are applications of gas turbines?