intermodality between air and railway passenger transport in poland: present situation and...
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Intermodality between air and railway passenger transport in Poland: present
situation and perspectives
Marcin Wolek Ph. D.Department of Transportation Market
University of GdanskPoland
Vilnius, 9.05.2008
Katedra Rynku Transportowego
dr Marcin Wołek, XI.2005
Competition
market share
car
planedistance
classic train
high speed train
Air and railway transport are competitive modes of passenger transport in long distance travel
Source: UIC 1998
Complimentarity
• airport – city rail links increase catchment area of airport;
• catchment area is determined by izochrones of travel
time to the airport;
• airports are usually located far from the city center;
• road congestion is the real challenge;
• total time of the air travel is long due to congestion and
uncertain time of arrival to the airport;
• dynamic growth of airports passengers.
Different status of airport links
Airport connected with:
• main railway lines (i.e. Frankfurt Flughafen);
• regional railway system (i.e. Köln – Bonn Flughafen);
• urban railway (i.e. Vienna Airport);
• tram line (i.e. Bremen);
• dedicated railway link only for airport passengers (Arlanda Express Stockholm, Vienna Airport).
CAT, Vienna Airport
Arlanda Express, Stockholm
Polish air market
• Growing number of passengers;
• low air mobility index (number of air travels / number of inhabitants) – 0,3 in 2005;
• decreasing role of Warsaw Airport;
• dynamic growth of regional airports;
• very good perspectives (air mobility index 1,98 in 2030);
• need of substantial investments;
• lack of intermodal links (only Krakow since 2007 with regional railway system).
Polish air market up to 2030
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
liczba pasażerów [mln] mobilnośćPassengers [mio] Air mobility index
Source: self-made based on Civil Aviation Authority, ulc.gov.pl
Polish railway market
• since 1990 has undergone strong crisis;
• still underinvested and old fashioned;
• growing market share of private cargo operators;
• poor infrastructure determining low quality of services;
• strong competitors (car and bus);
• growing role of self-governments (financing, ownership, contracting, rolling stock aquisitions);
• main market segments with best perspectives:
Agglomeration and interaglomeration (long distance);
Passenger railway market in Poland 1990-2005
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1990 2000 2005
Source: PKP PLK Annual Report, Warsaw 2003
TEN in Poland
Railway lines and main airports of Poland
A
A
A
A
A
Conclusions
• main Polish airports are located in European Transport
Corridors;
• only one airport has railway link to the center of the city
(Krakow);
• up to 2012 railway links should be completed in Warsaw,
Katowice, may be in Gdansk (with EU funds) and few other
regional airports;
• the results of initial marketing research conducted in one
regional airport in Poland show that the biggest disadvantage
for the passengers is uncertain time of arrival to air terminal.
Thank You!
Marcin Wolek Ph. D.Department of Transportation Market
University of GdanskPoland
Vilnius, 9.05.2008
Katedra Rynku Transportowego
dr Marcin Wołek, XI.2005