© 2014 IBM Corporation

CICS and the new SOA What you don’t know might help you

Önder Ozcan, Garanti Teknoloji

Rob Jones, IBM

Please note

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the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed.

Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results

similar to those stated here.

Agenda

• CICS and SOA review

• A brief history of SOA options in CICS

• Mobile and the mainframe

• SOAP / XML vs JSON / REST

• De-bunking session

• Horses for courses

• Co-existence is a beautiful thing

• What’s new in CICS and SOA?

• Evolving JSON and REST support for CICS

• Compare and contrast

• Garanti Teknoloji

• A PoT combining CICS JSON web services with DataPower

2

CICS and SOA review

CICS essential design concepts

• Pseudo-conversational programming

• Communication area: COMMAREA, Channels & Containers

• Program-to-program communication

4

Presentation logic

Business logic

Data access logic

CICS TS

Web

service

Client

CICS Program

Business

logic

B

Requester

connector

Web

services

end-point

Service Provider

D

Integration

logic

I

ASOAP

CICS TS

Web

service

Client

CICS

Web

services

support

Integration

logicData

access

Business Function

DI

Business

logic

B

Requester (Service Provider)

SOAPA

Example #2 CICS Web Services

Example #1 CICS Transaction Gateway

5

Two models of CICS SOA integration

6

The CICS TG Product Suite

Transactional access to your key business assets

CICS TS for z/OSCICS TS for VSETXSeriesCICS TS for i

Capabilities your developers need

C / C++ COBOLJEEJavaMicrosoft .NET

FrameworkMobile

Scalable integration with your systems

CICS TG

for z/OS

CICS TG for

Multiplatforms

CICS TG

Desktop Edition

Synchronous communication APIs for developers

New in V9.1!

CICS TG solution architectures

7

Remote

TG APIs

CICS TG

Local-IP

App

TCP/IP

localhost

Local

TG APIs

Local

App

cross

memory

Remote

TG APIs

Remote

App

Java / JCA

ECI V1 / ESI V1

EPI V1 / COM

2-tier local APIs

Java / JCA

ECI V2 / ESI V2

.NET

2-tier remote APIs

Java / JCA

ECI V2 / ESI V2

.NET

3-tier remote APIs

TCP/IP

CICS TG machine

CICS

servers

CICS

servers

CICS

servers

JSON

web services

TCP/IP

CICS

comms

Characteristics of raw data exchange

Avoiding data transformation minimizes run-time overheads, however …

• Tight coupling often creates affinities in business logic

• Modifications to existing fields require application changes

• Addition of new fields affect all existing users

• Fields are typically accessed using relative position

… or some bespoke convention

• Data requires a separate document to describe fields

• Data is not portable and therefore is platform dependent

• Incompatible floating-point representations

• Code pages are often assumed

…making true internationalization very difficult!

8

Introduction to XML

• Extensible Markup Language (XML), is owned by the World

Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

• XML is an open standard protocol that provides a mechanism to

create and define a meta-language that can be used to

structure information.

• XML is extensible; there are no pre-defined tags (e.g. HTML)

• Development teams define meaningful tags for themselves and

their peers, such as within a business, across an industry, or

across multiple industries.

• XML is used to create new Internet languages.

9

SOAP

WDSL WS-Sec

WS-AT

Service Description

Service Governance

S O A

SOA story: Enterprise SOA

WSRR

High ceremony

S O A High ceremonyLow ceremony

REST

HTTPAtom

Resource-oriented

SOAP

WDSL WS-Sec

WS-AT

Service Description

Service Governance

SOA story: RESTful SOA

WSRRDynamic

Scripting

PHP

Situational apps

Mobile enablement

Service Description

Service Governance

SOAP

WDSL WS-Sec

WS-AT

S O A High ceremony

CICS TS v3

Low ceremony

REST

HTTPAtom

SOA story: CICS TS v3 era

WSRRDynamic

Scripting

PHP

Situational apps

Resource-oriented

Mobile enablement

S O A High ceremonyLow ceremony

CICS TS v4

WS-AddressingService Components

REST

HTTPAtom

Mobile enablement

Resource-oriented

SOAP

WDSL WS-Sec

WS-AT

Service Description

Service Governance

CICS TS v3

Dynamic

Scripting

PHP

Situational apps

SOA story: CICS TS v4 era

WSRR

CICS TS v4.2

Feature Pack for Mobile Extensions

Approach to web services development

14

Bottom up – Start with a language

structure and convert it into a form

usable as a CICS web service

Top down – Start with a WSDL

document and convert it into a form

usable as a CICS web service.

Web service

requesterWeb service

provider

CICS as provider CICS as requesterCICS

Bottom

up

Top

down

WSDL

Language

Structures

e.g. COPYBOOK

Provider

CICS is the host of the

web service being

invoked from elsewhere

Requester

CICS is the consumer

of a web service

provided elsewhere

Best tool for the job?

A very fast car will get you there quickly….

….but sometimes you need a vehicle with more generic

capabilities….

15

Bloodhound SSC

Image credit: Flock and Siemens

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaggio_Ape

Image credit: motorevija.com.hr

Matchmaking:Mobile, meet the mainframe!

Mobile: Another stage in computing history

17

Host/Mainframe

Client/Server

Web/Desktop

Mobile/Wireless/Cloud

Mobile is different:

•Ubiquitous computing

•Mixed models – web/native/hybrid

•A different type of app – context aware

•Revolutionary to business models

Mobile internet usage by device (UK 2014)

Source: UK Office for National Statistics

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Sm

art

ph

on

e o

wn

ers

(Bill

ion

s)

WW Smartphone adoption 2012-18

Smartphone owners Mobile marketshare % Population share %

>50% Smartphone adoption in 9 countries now

Source: emarketer.com

Worldwide 4G network coverage

Source: GSMA Intelligence

SOAP / XML vs JSON / REST

What’s the philosophical difference?

• The key motivator of a RESTful SOA is simplicity and ubiquity

• Deliver content in the simplest possible way

• HTTP is available everywhere; it’s like the air around us

• With Enterprise SOA (WS-*), it’s not the body (user data) that distinguishes the QoS, it’s the richness of the WS-* headers

• WS-Security is about choice in the decision of encryption, identity tokens and digital signatures

• WS-Addressing is about transport-neutral mechanisms of describing addresses

• Even the WS-I standards are about allowing maximum flexibility within a fully agreed-upon framework of standards

• You might want to choose WS-* where you don’t have overall control of connectivity.

• WS-ReliableMessaging and SOAP over JMS are about choice in how you obtain qualities of service

23

Merging Enterprise SOA and RESTful SOA

• Developing for both Enterprise SOA and RESTful SOA enables

the exploitation of distinct content pools:

• Services generated inside your enterprise

• Services generated outside the enterprise

• Utilizing the best of both worlds allows you to take advantage of

all the communities served by your business

24

RESTful SOA

• A RESTful SOA is an instance of SOA that uses concepts from the Web as the primary service architecture

• Limiting choices to make it easier to implement a SOA

• Primarily uses REST to represent and access services

• Data is encoded as JSON or XML (including XML schemas like ATOM)

• May use alternate approaches like JSON-RPC when appropriate

• Supports Rich User Interfaces built using AJAX

• Key aspects of building an effective RESTful SOA

• Take advantage of your existing infrastructure wherever possible

• Use well-established, ubiquitous technologies for scalability, performance and security

• Build rich UI’s that run in any commodity browser

• Make content simple and human readable

25

• A RESTful Web service is formed like a sentence – it simplifies how developers access services

Verb = HTTP Action (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)

Noun = the URI of the Service (the document)

Adjective = MIME type of the resulting document

REST: Accessibility for Developers

Attributes + advantages of a RESTful SOA

■ Simplicity

Many decisions pre-made, constrained choices

Protocol (HTTP), encryption model (HTTPs)

Identity token exchange (Basic-Auth, or standard HTTP schemes)

■ Ubiquity

Use the HTTP infrastructure and other technologies like

JavaScript that already exist

■ Effortless use of services

Single, well-understood programming model (Javascript)

Lots of examples on the web

Copy-cut-and-paste programming to use services

Someone should be able to use a RESTful SOA Service without

knowing they’re doing it!

■ Cacheability, Scalability, Testability, Secureability, Navigability

27

What is JSON?

JavaScript Object Notation

■ Lightweight, human-readable, text based format for data

■ Simple structure

■ Native JavaScript support

■ Widely adopted by the industry

28

var invocationData = {

adapter: “GENAPPInquire”,

procedure: “getCustomerDetails”,

parameters: [otherUsername]

};

• The growth in mobile helped boost the popularity of JSON

• The lightweight data format is ideally suited to mobile data transfer

• As a result numerous tools and frameworks now support JSON…

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2014

• Describes the same data with less meta-information (tags)

• Processing is simpler, ideal for mobile devices

• Natively supported in JavaScript - easy for application

developers

• Human-readable – helps with application development

The Benefits of JSON

JSON vs SOAP/XML web services

• JSON is lightweight?

• Complexity of message structures

– A complex message in JSON representation will be more costly to

process than a simple message in XML representation

• HTTP(S) connectivity base-line cost is equivalent

JavaScript and JSON work together well by design out of the box

XML is very powerful but needs requires a dedicated parser

• Versioning of a service can be costly with SOAP/XML

• Rolling out changes to back-level clients can be costly

– Regenerate and deploy WSDL

JSON schemas are more forgiving e.g. default values fields

30

CICS mobile enablement reprise (2014)

Easier interaction with Mobile Devices & Gateways

• Integration of CICS TS Feature Pack for Mobile Extensions

COBOL Data mapping enhancements

• Arrays of characters are mapped as Strings

• COBOL OCCURS DEPENDING ON and OCCURS INDEXED BY

• UTF-16 string data support

CICS Explorer and cloud support for web services

• WEBSERVICE definition

• PIPELINE configuration

JAX-WS and JAX-RS support in CICS Liberty JVM server

(since CICS TS for z/OS V5.1)

SOA enhancements in CICS TS V5.2

CICS TS for z/OS V5.2 GA 2Q2014

32ENUS214-107

CICS Transaction Gateway V9.1

CICS TG V9.1 GA3Q2014

• Mobile integration, robust connectivity, & strong security

3333

Foundation

Exploit zEC12 hardware with SDK 7.1

Virtualized CICS servers with IBM RTW

• Build test-suites for Java/JCA ECI applications

Channel data for request monitoring

API support for latest Windows

Secure connectivity

SSL for .NET applications

Full NIST SP800-131A compliance

TLS 1.2 secure connections for

• Java JCA .NET APIs to the Gateway

• Gateway to CICS with IPIC connections

Modern connectivity

Connection management

• For 24x7 continuous operation

Exploits IPIC heartbeat support

• Improved availability across larger

TCP/IP networks

Service enablement

Mobile integration with JSON web services

• Dynamic routing of mobile workload

• Shared tech with CICS TS + z/OS connect

• JSON xform from COBOL, C and PL/1

• Full monitoring and statistics

ENUS214-263

What’s new in CICS and SOA?

Planned open beta availability : 23rd Mar 2015

Announcement letter ENUS215-020

Service

Agility

Enhanced support for Java and the

WebSphere Liberty profile

Cloud with

DevOps

Operational

Efficiency

enterprise grade mixed language application serving

Performance optimizations,

enhanced metrics and additional

security

New cloud and DevOps support to

automate CICS deployments

• Additional Liberty features

• Enhanced interoperability

• Simplified management

• Enhanced Java SE support

• Web service optimizations

• Performance improvements

• Enhanced metrics

• Additional security options

• Automated builds

• Scripted deployments

• UrbanCode Deploy support

• Enhanced cloud enablement

IBM CICS Transaction Server V5.3 open beta

“IBM intends to deliver IBM WebSphere Liberty z/OS Connect (z/OS

Connect) as a common program component of WebSphere Application

Server for z/OS, IMS™ Enterprise Suite for z/OS, CICS Transaction

Server for z/OS, and CICS Transaction Gateway.”

GA June 2014

IBM WebSphere Application Server delivered Liberty z/OS Connect as

a new repository feature

IMS™ Mobile Feature Pack delivered, based upon Liberty z/OS Connect

ENUS214-107, April 7th, 2014

z/OS Connect: Statement of direction

Additional Liberty

profile features

Enhanced

interoperability

Simplified

management

Enhanced Java SE

support

Enhanced support for Java and the WebSphere Liberty profile

The CICS TS V5.3 open beta offering also includes a technology preview of

the ability for Java programs in a Liberty profile JVM server and non-Java

programs to call each other using standard CICS API calls. This technology

preview enables:

• Java applications to use the standard JEE Connector Architecture (JCA)

to invoke CICS programs in any supported language.

• Non-Java CICS programs to issue an EXEC CICS LINK to call a Java

application running in a Liberty profile JVM server.

Additionally, the Liberty z/OS Connect feature is now

supported by the CICS TS V5.3 open beta offering*. This

provides RESTful APIs and accepts JavaScript Object

Notation (JSON) payloads between CICS, mobile devices,

and cloud environments.

* Also available in CICS TS V5.2 via APAR PI25503.

CICS TS V5.3 open beta : Service Agility

CICS TS V5.3 open beta and z/OS Connect

A no-charge limited time trial of potential new CICS TS capability

Planned to include

• z/OS Connect for CICS TS

• An optional Feature with CICS Liberty JVM server

• Fulfills SoD from April 7th, 2014 ENUS214-107

• Data transformation uses interoperable WSBind files

– CICS Mobile feature pack, CICS TS V5.2 JSON web services

– CICS TG V9.1 JSON web services

– WebSphere Liberty z/OS Connect feature V1.0

Also available now in CICS TS V5.2 APAR PI25503

Where?

• Check the IBM CICS open betas site!

39

http://www.ibm.com/software/htp/cics/openbeta

CICS TS v4

WS-AddressingService Components

REST

HTTPAtom

Mobile enablement

Resource-oriented

SOAP

WDSL WS-Sec

WS-AT

Service Description

Service Governance

CICS TS v3

SOA story: A Spectrum of Service enablement

WSRR

CICS TS v5JAX-WSJAX-RS z/OS Connect

JSON web services API Management

Low ceremony High ceremonySOA

CICS TS v4.2

Feature Pack for Mobile Extensions

CICS web

services and

JSON assistants

offline tooling

What are WSBind files and the assistants?

WSDL

WSBind file

Language

Structures

JSON schemaLanguage

Structures

Language

Structures

WSDL or

JSON schema

Bottom-up

existing SOR

applications

For the SoR

developer

e.g. COBOL, C,

PL/1 developer

Top-down

SOAP/XML

web services

Top-down

JSON web

services

For the consumer

of the web service

e.g. mobile app

developer

• Generated by off-line tooling e.g. DFHLS2JS

• Stored on zFS

• Maps data between a web service and an SOR

language structure representation at run time

•e.g. JSON schema to COBOL copybook

42

Bespoke integration

“Zero-code”solution

Complexity

WSBind-based solutions

Based upon tooling not coding

Creates re-usable assets

Ideal for top-down / bottom up

Simple to use with fast ROI

Less flexible in terms of data

transformation options

Custom adapter / RESTful web app

Based upon bespoke integration code

Can always integrate between

independent SoE and SOR worlds

Code must be written somewhere e.g.

JAX-RS application in WAS or

CICS Liberty profile

The level of “friction” between SoE & SoR data models

determine the complexity of the enablement solution

Simplicity vs Flexibility

CICS mobile enablement – solution complexity

Composite solutions might also use MobileFirst adapters, or CICS-COBOL wrapper with any of the above

Product Delivery vehicle Characteristics

CICS TS for z/OS

CICS Mobile Feature pack• CICS TS V4.2, V5.1

JSON web services• CICS TS V5.2, or later

Proximity to data Integrated with CICS admin Outbound invoke

CICS z/OS Connect • CICS TS V5.2 PTF• CICS TS V5.3 open beta

Proximity to data Service management +

APIM integration

CICS TGproducts

JSON web services• CICS TG V9.1• CICS TG V9.2 open beta

CICS TS family + TXSeries Choice of platforms including

cloud e.g. SoftLayer

WAS for z/OS

WebSphere Liberty z/OS Connect• WAS for z/OS V8.5.5.2

Liberty repository feature

Multiple z/OS subsystemsCICS, IMS, Batch

Service management + APIM integration

CICS mobile enablement – Product options

WAS for z/OS + CICS TS for z/OS both also offer JAX-RS through Liberty

Product Delivery vehicle Characteristics

CICS TS for z/OS

CICS Mobile Feature pack• CICS TS V4.2, V5.1

JSON web services• CICS TS V5.2, or later

Proximity to data Integrated with CICS admin Outbound invoke

CICS z/OS Connect • CICS TS V5.2 PTF• CICS TS V5.3 open beta

Proximity to data Service management +

APIM integration

CICS TGproducts

JSON web services• CICS TG V9.1• CICS TG V9.2 open beta

CICS TS family + TXSeries Choice of platforms including

cloud e.g. SoftLayer

WAS for z/OS

WebSphere Liberty z/OS Connect• WAS for z/OS V8.5.5.2

Liberty repository feature

Multiple z/OS subsystemsCICS, IMS, Batch

Service management + APIM integration

CICS mobile enablement – Product options

Each of these solutions share common code for both tooling

and run time to transform data between JSON and binary

representations.

Data transformation for CICS programs is based around

“WSBind” files. They represent the SOR data structure and

enable the run-time transformation for JSON web services.

WAS for z/OS + CICS TS for z/OS both also offer JAX-RS through Liberty

45

Terminology: RESTful vs non-RESTful web services

CICS TS and CICS TG support two styles of JSON web services

Both can be invoked using a HTTP/HTTPS connection

Non-RESTful, JSON-RPC style, or “request/response”

• The target CICS program is unaware that it is to be invoked as a web

service. It is designed to be invoked by EXEC CICS PROGRAM LINK,

or ECI APIs

• Either COMMAREA or Channel/container data interfaces are available

RESTful

• The target CICS program is aware of being a web service, and so might

act on “inputs” in addition to payload data, i.e.

HTTP method (GET, POST etc.) & headers

• Only the Channel/container data interface is available

z/OS Connect vs CICS JSON web services

Point-in-time comparison for CICS TS z/OS Connect

• IBM API Management

• z/OS Connect and support for IBM API Management

• Non-RESTful CICS programs (JSON RPC, request/response)

• RESTful CICS programs

• z/OS Connect must return JSON

• Outbound JSON web services

• Not available with z/OS Connect

z/OS Connect is evolving…we’d like your input!

46

IBM CICS Transaction Gateway V9.2 open beta

47

Planned open beta availability : 23rd Mar 2015

Announcement letter ENUS215-031

Service

Agility

Enhanced OS support adds Ubuntu

(Intel x86-64) as a Multipaltforms

option for CICS TG run time, and

Apple OS/X for CICS Explorer users

• Ubuntu continues to grow in the

enterprise, is popular with

developers, and available on

SoftLayer

• Use the CICS TG plug-in for

CICS Explorer on Apple OS/X

Operational

Efficiency

IBM® SDK, Java™ Technology

Edition, Version 8 delivers significant

performance benefits for IBM z13

• Simultaneous-Multi-Threading

(SMT) facility for zIIP

processors

• Encryption exploitation of zEDC

and CPACF hardware

DevOpsZero MIPS continuous integration

testing option for integrated CICS

solutions

• IBM intends to deliver enhanced

capability for IBM Rational Test

Workbench to exploit IBM CICS

TG V9.2 open beta

CICS intercept plug-in allows virtualization of CICS servers

IBM CICS Transaction Gateway V9.2 open beta

A no-charge limited time trial of potential new CICS TG capability

CICS TG for z/OS V9.2 open beta

• z/OS 1.13, or later

• IBM® SDK, Java™ Technology Edition, Version 8 support

CICS TG for Multiplatforms V9.2 open beta

• Windows, Intel Linux: RHEL, SLES, Ubuntu (New!)

Planned to include

• CICS intercept plug-in allows virtualization of CICS servers• Provides a zero MIPS continuous integration testing option for

integrated CICS solutions

Statement of Direction (ENUS215-031)IBM intends to deliver enhanced capability for IBM Rational Test Workbench to enable Rational Test Virtualization Server to exploit the IBM CICS Transaction Gateway (CICS TG) V9.2 open beta CICS Intercept plug-in.

Where?

48

http://www.ibm.com/software/htp/cics/openbeta

A PoT combining CICS JSON web services with DataPower

Garanti TeknolojiÖnder Ozcan

What’s next…

My sessions @InterConnect 2015

#2825 CICS and the New SOA: What You Don’t Know Might Help You

#2819 1 Billion Smartphones a Year and Counting... How is Your CICS Connected?

#2741 Application Testing with Zero MIPS Using Rational Integration Tester and CICS

Transaction Gateway at Fiserv

More CICS service enablement related sessions

#1670 WAS Liberty z/OS Connect - a technical introduction

#2829 Liberty, Agility, Fraternity: ”Viva the CICS and WebSphere Mini Revolution”

#2824 IBM Mobile Workload Pricing: Five Ways to Tag and Track Your Mobile Workloads

Tweet me comments & questions

@UkRobJones

Collect a z Passport sticker here, and at…

@IBM_CICS slideshare.net/IBM_CICSfacebook.com/IBMCICS ibm.com/cics

WIN!

Get a lightning start: Key InterConnect 2015 sessions

#2829 Mon 2:00-3:00 Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité—Viva the CICS and WebSphere Mini Revolution

#1670 Tue 3:30-4:30 IBM WebSphere Liberty z/OS Connect: A Technical Introduction

#4032 Wed 9:30-10:30 Meet the Winners of IBM’s Mainframe Mobile App Throwdown 2014

#6482 Thu 11:00-11:50 What is the Mainframe Mobile App Throwdown and How Do I Register?

Register now at

ibm.biz/mmathrowdownand submit your app by April 12th

Mobilize your mainframe in our fun app-building contest for

z Systems clients & business partners!

The Mainframe Mobile App Throwdownis back for 2015!

Need expert help?

52

CICS Development Services, for worldwide services assistance

Bringing CICS development expertise directly to your doorstep

Email us CICSDTS@UK.IBM.COM

Get a deep dive into your systems

with a CICS health check

Want to know more about CICS and

Java? We offer tailored Java

education

Move forward with mobile with our

customized mobile workshop

Soar into the cloud with our

tailored cloud workshop

Need to optimize your systems?

Then ask about a performance

optimization engagement

Get the low down on performance

with a CICS performance workshops

Need to modernise your workload in

CICS? Ask about a integration and

connectivity engagement

Need some help upgrading to the

latest release? Then ask about our

upgrade workshop

Need to reduce cost by optimizing

your systems? Then a performance

optimization engagement may be for

you

Need something different? Then we

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Visit ibm.com/cics

then click ‘Services’

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Acknowledgements and Disclaimers

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2015. All rights reserved.

– U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM

Corp.

IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, Interconnect, WebSphere, Rational, CICS Transaction Server and CICS Transaction Server are trademarks or registered

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