Interactions within Communities

Chapter 24, Section 3

Obtaining Energy

Ways to Obtain Energy

Organisms can: Make their own energy Get energy by eating something

else

Obtaining Energy

Producers Organisms that use outside energy sources to make their own food.

2 processes: photosynthesis chemosynthesis

Obtaining Energy

Producers Photosynthesis Uses sunlight to make sugars

(food). Organisms contain chlorophyll.

Obtaining Energy

Producers Chemosynthesis Breaks down inorganic

molecules (like sulfur) for food.

Obtaining Energy

Consumers Organisms that cannot make their own food.

4 types: Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores Decomposers

Obtaining Energy

Consumers Herbivores Eat producers (vegetarians)

Obtaining Energy

Consumers Carnivores Eat other consumers

Obtaining Energy

Consumers Omnivores Eat both plants and animals

Obtaining Energy

Consumers Decomposers Break down and consume

wastes and decaying materials

Obtaining Energy

Food Chains Simple model of feeding relationships in an ecosystem (what eats what)

Symbiotic Relationships

Symbiotic Relationship

A close and permanent relationships between individuals of different species.

3 types: Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

Symbiotic Relationships

Mutualism Both species benefit from the relationship.

Symbiotic Relationships

Commensalism One species benefits and the other species is not harmed or helped.

Symbiotic Relationships

Parasitism One species benefits but the other species is harmed.

Niches

Niche How an organism survives, such as how it: Obtains food Obtains shelter Finds a mate Cares for young Avoids danger

Includes any adaptations for survival.

Niches

Predator-Prey Relationships

Presence of a predator limits the size of prey and increases the number of species that can survive in the ecosystem.

Niches

Cooperation Cooperation among organisms living in a social group. Increases the chance of survival.