integumentary system functions skin color skin eruptions

Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System

FunctionsFunctions

Skin colorSkin color

Skin eruptionsSkin eruptions

Functions of the Integumentary Functions of the Integumentary SystemSystem

ProtectionProtection

Sensory PerceptionSensory Perception

Regulation of Body TemperatureRegulation of Body Temperature

StorageStorage

AbsorbtionAbsorbtion

ExcretionExcretion

ProtectionProtection


ProtectionProtection:: Barrier for sun’s ultraviolet raysBarrier for sun’s ultraviolet rays Protection against invasion of pathogens or germs.Protection against invasion of pathogens or germs. Holds moisture in and prevents deeper tissues from Holds moisture in and prevents deeper tissues from

drying out.drying out.

Sensory Perception:Sensory Perception: Nerves are present in skinNerves are present in skin These nerves respond to These nerves respond to pain, pressure, temperature pain, pressure, temperature

(heat and cold) and touch(heat and cold) and touch and send a sensory and send a sensory message to the brain.message to the brain.


Regulation of Regulation of body temperaturebody temperature:: Blood vessels in skin help body retain or lose heat.Blood vessels in skin help body retain or lose heat. DilateDilate: blood vessels get larger and allow excess heat : blood vessels get larger and allow excess heat

to escape through the skin.to escape through the skin. ConstrictConstrict: blood vessels get smaller and retain heat.: blood vessels get smaller and retain heat. Sudoriferous glandsSudoriferous glands also help cool the body through also help cool the body through

the evaporation of perspiration.the evaporation of perspiration.

StorageStorage Skin has tissues for the temporary storage of fat, Skin has tissues for the temporary storage of fat,

glucose (sugar), water vitamins, and salts.glucose (sugar), water vitamins, and salts. Stores adipose tissue in the subcutaneous fascia, Stores adipose tissue in the subcutaneous fascia,

which is a source of energy for the body.which is a source of energy for the body.


AbsorbtionAbsorbtion Certain substances can be absorbed through Certain substances can be absorbed through

the skin, such as transdermal medications the skin, such as transdermal medications (nicotine patches, motion sickness patches, (nicotine patches, motion sickness patches, certain forms of the flu vaccine)certain forms of the flu vaccine)

ExcretionExcretion Helps the body eliminate salt, a small amount Helps the body eliminate salt, a small amount

of body waste and excess water. (done of body waste and excess water. (done through perspiration)through perspiration)


ProductionProduction The skin helps in the production of The skin helps in the production of vitamin Dvitamin D It uses ultraviolet rays from the sun to form an It uses ultraviolet rays from the sun to form an

initial molecule of vitamin D that is initial molecule of vitamin D that is manufactured in the liver.manufactured in the liver.

Skin ColorSkin ColorPigmentationPigmentation

Skin color is inherited and determined by Skin color is inherited and determined by pigments in the epidermis.pigments in the epidermis.

MelaninMelanin::1.1. Brownish-black pigmentBrownish-black pigment2.2. Leads to a black, brown, or yellow skin tint Leads to a black, brown, or yellow skin tint

depending on racial origin.depending on racial origin.3.3. Absorbs ultraviolet light to tan the skinAbsorbs ultraviolet light to tan the skin4.4. Small concentrated areas of melanin pigment form Small concentrated areas of melanin pigment form

freckles.freckles. CaroteneCarotene::

1.1. Yellowish-red pigmentYellowish-red pigment2.2. Also helps determine skin color.Also helps determine skin color.

Skin ColorSkin Color

AlbinoAlbino Absence of color pigmentsAbsence of color pigments Skin has a pinkish tintSkin has a pinkish tint Hair is pale yellow or whiteHair is pale yellow or white Eyes are red in color and very sensitive to Eyes are red in color and very sensitive to

light.light.

Skin Color: Abnormal ColorsSkin Color: Abnormal ColorsErythemaErythema Reddish color, caused by burns or a congestion of Reddish color, caused by burns or a congestion of

blood in vessels.blood in vessels.

JaundiceJaundice Yellowish discolorationYellowish discoloration Can indicate the presence of bile in the blood as a Can indicate the presence of bile in the blood as a

result of liver or gallbladder disease.result of liver or gallbladder disease. Also seen in certain diseases that involve the Also seen in certain diseases that involve the

destruction of red blood cells.destruction of red blood cells.

CyanosisCyanosis Bluish discoloration, caused by insufficient oxygen.Bluish discoloration, caused by insufficient oxygen. Associated with heart, lung and circulatory diseases.Associated with heart, lung and circulatory diseases.

Gray or BrownGray or Brown Chronic poisonings.Chronic poisonings.

Skin EruptionsSkin EruptionsMaculesMacules – flat spot on skin (freckles) – flat spot on skin (freckles)PapulesPapules – firm raised areas (pimples, chicken – firm raised areas (pimples, chicken pox, syphilis.)pox, syphilis.)VesiclesVesicles – blisters or sacs full of fluid (some – blisters or sacs full of fluid (some stages of chicken pox)stages of chicken pox)PustulesPustules – Sacs filled with pus (pimples) – Sacs filled with pus (pimples)CrustsCrusts – dried pus and blood (scabs) – dried pus and blood (scabs)WhealsWheals – itchy elevated areas with an irregular – itchy elevated areas with an irregular shape (hives and insect bites)shape (hives and insect bites)UlcerUlcer – deep loss of skin surface that may extend – deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis. May cause periodic bleeding and into the dermis. May cause periodic bleeding and formation of scars.formation of scars.

integumentary system functions skin color skin eruptions

Documents