integumentary system and body membranes the skin and its appendages hair, nails, and skin glands...
DESCRIPTION
Body Membranes (Connective) Do not have epithelial components Smooth Slick Coverings of Joints Secrete Synovial Fluid - lubricates – reduces frictionTRANSCRIPT
Integumentary System and Body Membranes
The Skin and its appendages – hair, nails, and skin glands
Anatomy/Physiology - NHS
Body Membranes
• Sheet-like layer covers and/or lines – hollow organs, body cavities etc..
• Cutaneous – SKIN• Serous – covers organs, lines cavities, and secretes
a thin watery fluid – lubricate, reduce friction• Mucous – Secrete mucus to exterior surface, lines
the RT, GIT, and UG – keeps moist and soft
Body Membranes (Connective)• Do not have
epithelial components
• Smooth Slick Coverings of Joints
• Secrete Synovial Fluid - lubricates – reduces friction
SKIN – Cutaneous Membrane
• Largest Organ• Also called Cutaneous Membrane• Membranes – cover/protect body surfaces –
line body cavities and cover the insides of hollow organs
• 16% of body weight
Epidermis• Outer layer of skin• Several stratified
squamous – thin• Tightly Packed• Produces Keratin- tough
water proof material – used for protection
• Produces Melanin – pigment of skin
• Avsacular
Dermis• Deep layer of skin loosely
packed• Mostly connective tissue• Dermal Papillae – parallel
rows or peg like projections
• Vascular• Form Ridges• Sensory
Hair - Appendage• Follicles in dermis
produce hair –papilla from birth
• Papilla is nourished by blood vessels
• Roots and Shafts make up hair
• Lunago – newborns hair• Arrector pilli cause
“Goose Bumps”
Receptors - Appendage• Myelinated Nerve Fibers• Pacinian Corpuscle – deep in dermis – detects pressure• Meissner’s Corpuscle – located toward the skin surface –
light touch• Free nerve endings – pain• Krause’s end bulbs – detect low frequency vibrations
Nails - Appendage• Filled with Keratin• Nail Root – nail underneath skin• Cuticle – groove where skin meets nail• Lunula – “little white moon”• Low Oxygen = cyanosis – capillary refill
Skin Glands
• Sweat (Sudoriferous) Glands – most numerous – produce perspiration – excrete waste such as ammonia and uric acid, help maintain body temp
• Sebaceous gland – secretes oil for hair and skin
FUNCTION - Protection
• PROTECTION:Melanin protects from U.V. rays, Keratin is waterproof and microproof
• Temp. Regulation: Removes up to 3,000 calories of heat a day
• Sensing: Senses Pain, Hot Cold, Touch - Millions of “antenna”
Burns
• Causes: UV Light, Fire, Electricity, Acid• Total area involved – “rules of nine”• 1st degree – minor discomfort – reddening of skin
– only epidermis• 2nd degree – deep epidermal and some , dermal –
blistering, damage sweat glands, oil glands, hair• 3rd – complete destruction of the dermis –
insensitive to pain.
1st Degree• 1st degree – minor discomfort – reddening of skin –
only epidermis
2nd Degree• 2nd degree – deep epidermal and some ,
dermal – blistering, damage sweat glands, oil glands, hair
3rd Degree• 3rd – complete destruction of the dermis –
insensitive to pain. Scarring and lesions