Integumentary Integumentary SystemSystem

Chapter 5Chapter 5

Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

adip/olip/osteat/o

dermo/odermat/ocutane/o

Combining Forms for Combining Forms for the Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

adip/o fat adiposislip/o lipomasteat/o steatoma

dermo/o skin hypodermicdermat/o dermatologycutane/o subcutaneous

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

eyrthr/o

hidr/o

hist/ohistio/o

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

erythr/o red erythrodermatitis

hidr/o sweat anhidrosis

hist/o tissue histologyhistio/o histiogenic

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

ichthy/o

kerat/oscler/o

leuk/o

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

ichthy/o fish ichthyoid

kerat/o hard keratosisscler/o scleroderma

leuk/o white leukonychia

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

melan/o

myc/o

onych/o

plas/o

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

melan/o black melanocyte

myc/o fungus mycosis

onych/o nail onychodystrophy

plas/o formation dysplastic

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

purpur/o

seb/o

squam/o

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

purpur/o purple purpuric

seb/o sebum (oil) seborrhea

squam/o scale squamous

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

trich/o

xer/o

xanth/o

Combining Forms forCombining Forms forthe Integumentary Systemthe Integumentary System

trich/o hair trichorrhexis

xer/o dry xerosis

xanth/o yellow xanthoma

Integumentary System Integumentary System OverviewOverview

Composed of skin (integument), and its appendages (hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands)

Protects body for injury or intrusion of microorganisms

Helps regulate body temperature

Houses receptors for sense of touch

SkinSkin

Largest organ in the body

Divided into an outer layer and an inner layer: epidermis — outer layer

dermis (corium) — inner layer

The SkinThe Skin(continued)(continued)

EpidermisEpidermis

Consists of several layers of stratified squamous (scale like) epithelium: basal layer — innermost layer

basal cells are constantly being pushed up, moving older cells to the surface

melanocytes — produce pigment (melanin) which gives color to the skin

squamous layer — outermost layer

Dermis (Corium)Dermis (Corium)

Connective tissue layer

Contains: blood and lymphatic vessels

nerve and nerve endings

glands

hair follicles

network of elastic and collagen fibers (gives skin elasticity and toughness)

Subcutaneous LayerSubcutaneous Layer

Layer below the dermis

Composed of loose connective tissue and adipose (fatty) tissue

LesionsLesions

Areas of pathologically altered tissue

Two types: primary

secondary

Primary LesionsPrimary Lesions

Lesions arising from previously normal skin Flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color

Elevated, palpable, solid mass

Elevation formed by fluid within a cavity

Secondary LesionsSecondary Lesions

Lesions that result in changes in primary lesions

Types: Loss of skin surface

Material on skin surface

Other secondary lesions

Vascular LesionsVascular Lesions

Lesions of a blood vessel cherry angioma — round, bright red blood vessel tumor often seen on trunk

telangiectasia (spider angioma) — radiate from central arteriole most often found on face, neck or chest

Purpuric LesionsPurpuric Lesions

Lesions as a result of hemorrhages in the skin petechia — minute hemorrhagic spot — indicates a bleeding tendency

ecchymosis — bruise

Epidermal TumorsEpidermal Tumors

Skin tumors arising from the epidermis dysplastic nevus — mole with precancerous changes

verruca — wart; caused by a virus