integrity and safety associated with floating...
TRANSCRIPT
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Martin L Shaw MBA C Eng C Mar Eng FI Mar EST AFNI
Managing Director Marine Operations and Assurance Management Ltd
Finding Petroleum FPSO Conference
Integrity and Safety associated with Floating Operations
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Outline
• Context
• What the FPSO hull needs to do
• Requirements drive design decisions
– New build
– Conversion
• Case Studies
• Operation and Export
• Assurance
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Why use an FPSO?
• No pipeline infrastructure
• Deep water
• Environmental issues- disconnectable?
• Small field
• Re-usable?
• Early first oil
Courtesy BP PLC
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Integrity vs. Economics-The Balance
PR
OTE
CTI
ON
PRODUCTION (PERFORMANCE)
After James Reason Managing the Risks of Organisational Accidents
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What the hull needs to do
Primary Requirements
• Keep the water out
• Keep the oil in
• Stay upright
• Carry the weight
• Stay where you put it
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What the hull needs to do
‘Secondary’ Requirements
• Production and export optimisation
• Economics
– Early oil
– Cost
• Maintainability
• Accessibility
• Safety
• Comfort
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Requirements drive design
FPSO
Field •Production •Reserves
Environment •Wind and waves •Current •Tropical Storms
Legislation •Safety Case •Accommodation •Double Hull
Off take •Conventional/shuttle •System/ spot •Distance from market •Offshore Loading Discount
Design •Size •DH/DS/SH •Process plant size •Connectable/disconnectable •Accommodation for’d/aft •Mooring system •Offtake system •Weathervaning/spread mooring •Dumb/powered
Critical Decision Newbuild or conversion
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
New Builds
Benefits
• New, clean hull with no history
• Can be designed for the purpose
– deck support for double deckers
– double sided simplifying structure and improving stability
– accommodation can be larger/located forward if required
Risks
• Costs can get high
– Specialised yards
– Build yard process flow
• Unique designs have unique risks
• Optimisation
– Hull design
– Hull strength
– Size
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Conversions
Benefits
• Reduced build time(?)
• Ship shaped and engined for disconnectable
• Cheaper(?)
• History
Risks
• Design risk at FEED while hull choice being made
• Suitable Hulls
– Single hull or double hull few double sided
– Lighter scantlings and high tensile steel problems
• Limits on deck load
• Tank and deck repair work can be expensive
• Accommodation
– Size
– Position
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Case Study One location two solutions
Powered FPSO, limited storage, originally with dp1 tankers
Weathervaning (limited heading control) FPSO, 1 million bbl storage with dp2 tanker
Courtesy BP PLC
Courtesy Teekay
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Case study-legislation issues
Courtesy BP PLC
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Integrity of the offtake system
FPSO
Shuttle
Wells
Conventional Trade Tankers
Market
Transhipment Port
•Benign Conditions •Could be spread moorings and buoy •May Require Tugs •Unpredictability/Laydays •Offshore loading discount •Interface Issues
•Weather issues •Weathervaning or STL •DP shuttle •Dedicated vessels •More control over system
•Storage Capacity •Production •Weather •Offshore Loading Discount
•Additional Port Costs •Brings extra storage to system •Final export on trade tankers on terminal loading
•Trade port delays can shut down production •Needs multiple vessels •Offshore loading discount
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Simpler Assurance
Is the design right for the field
and the environment?
Is the unit being built to the
design intent?
Is the unit being operated to the design intent?
Change Management
Yes
Yes
No
Assurance •Risk •Design Standards •Construction Standards •Learning •Competency •Operating Procedures •Contractor selection •Offtake vetting
moams.net
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Conclusions
• Number and scale of FPSO Developments increasing
• Good FPSO design, construction and operation is a blend of offshore and marine disciplines
• Field requirements and environment drive design choices which drive integrity
• System integrity important
• Assurance and change management during design, build and operations provides integrity
And finally......................
© Marine Operations and Assurance Management Solutions Ltd
Without the ‘F’ your PSO is sunk
Questions?