Integration of electric vehicles to the distribution

grid

Nina Wahl Gunderson and Kjell Sand

SINTEF Energy ResearchNorway

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

Introduction Strong Norwegian incentives promoting electric

vehicles (EVs) EV load may cause power quality (PQ) problems Study on car pool in downtown Trondheim Energy, power and PQ measurements Load characteristics

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

Measurement instruments Power Detective energy meter

Elspec G4500 Blackbox advanced PQ recorder

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

Charging pattern single vehicle

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

Coincidence factor = Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

Total load 11 charging stations

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

Utilization time single vehicle

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

x 104

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000Duration curve

Pow

er (W

)

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

PQ measurements: voltage THD

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

2%2%

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

PQ measurements: Voltage unbalance

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785

0,5%0,5%

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

Conclusions Afternoon power peak No values close to PQ code limits Low voltage THD values Some voltage unbalance EVs may cause problems in weak grids Fast chargers require further studies

Nina Wahl Gunderson – Norway – Session 5 – 0785