Integrated census microdata: a valuable, virgin source for statistical analysis

of internal and international migration

See handouts:See handouts:

1.1. Card for list of samples and usage statistics Card for list of samples and usage statistics

2.2. Pamphlet for list of participating statistical offices and tips Pamphlet for list of participating statistical offices and tips for using integrated microdata and metadata for using integrated microdata and metadata

www.ipums.org/internationalRobert McCaa, rmccaa@umn.eduRobert McCaa, rmccaa@umn.edu

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Buenos Aires beats the Big Apple (NYC) Buenos Aires beats the Big Apple (NYC) --and the mini-Apple too (Minneapolis)! --and the mini-Apple too (Minneapolis)!

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Traffic to the IPUMS-International websiteTraffic to the IPUMS-International websiteGoogle Analytics, Aug 1 – Sep 15, 2013Google Analytics, Aug 1 – Sep 15, 2013

A.A. Introduction: Introduction: IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated

samplessamples How IPUMSI adds value to microdataHow IPUMSI adds value to microdata

B. Migration analysis using integrated microdataB. Migration analysis using integrated microdata Published examples: many countries, onePublished examples: many countries, one Topics of migration analysisTopics of migration analysis

C. How integration worksC. How integration works Integrated variables names and codesIntegrated variables names and codes Integrated metadata: comparability and codesIntegrated metadata: comparability and codes

D. Invitations:D. Invitations: NSOs: participate in IPUMSINSOs: participate in IPUMSI Researchers: download and analyze samplesResearchers: download and analyze samples

Outline Outline of presentationof presentation

IPUMS-International IPUMS-International dark greendark green = anonymized, harmonized and disseminating = anonymized, harmonized and disseminating

74 countries, 238 samples, 540 millon person records74 countries, 238 samples, 540 millon person recordsmedium green = integrating (25 countries, 75 censuses, 100 mill.)medium green = integrating (25 countries, 75 censuses, 100 mill.)

light green = negotiatinglight green = negotiating

Mollweide projection

IPUMS-International: 2013IPUMS-International: 2013

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238 samples, 74 countries, 540 million person records238 samples, 74 countries, 540 million person records(2014: ~260 samples, 80 countries—thank you UkrSTAT!)(2014: ~260 samples, 80 countries—thank you UkrSTAT!)

Africa Americas Asia EuropeBurkina Faso 2 Argentina 5 Armenia 1 Austria 4Cameroon 3 Bolivia 3 Bangladesh 3 Belarus 1Egypt 2 Brazil 6 Cambodia 2 France 7Ghana 1 Canada 4 China 2 Germany 4Guinea 2 Chile 5 Fiji 5 Greece 4Kenya 5 Colombia 5 India 5 Hungary 4Malawi 3 Costa Rica 4 Indonesia 9 Ireland 8Mali 2 Cuba 2002 1 Iran 1 Italy 1Moroco 3 Ecuador 6 Iraq 1 Netherlands 3Rwanda 2 El Salvador 2 Israel 3 Portugal 3Senegal 2 Haiti 3 Jordan 1 Romania 3Sierra Leone 1 Jamaica 3 Kyrgyz Republic 2 Slovenia 1South Africa 3 Mexico 7 Malaysia 4 Spain 3South Sudan 1 Nicaragua 3 Mongolia 2 Switzerland 4Sudan 1 Panama 6 Nepal 1 Turkey 3Tanzania 2 Peru 2 Pakistan 3 United Kingdom 2Uganda 2 Puerto Rico 5 Palestine 2

Saint Lucia 2 Philippines 3United States 7 Thailand 4Uruguay 5 Vietnam 3Venezuela 4 5

More countries More countries and samplesand samplesadded yearlyadded yearly

Trusted Trusted researcherresearcher

MPCMPC

NSI 100+NSI 100+

NSI 1NSI 1

……..

MPC integrates MPC integrates metadata and metadata and

confidentializes confidentializes microdata microdata samplessamples

IPUMS-IPUMS-InternationalInternational

IPUMS-International manages access and IPUMS-International manages access and entrusts researchers with custom-entrusts researchers with custom-

tailored tailored <ddi> <ddi> , SAS, STATA, and SPSS , SAS, STATA, and SPSS metadata and microdata extracts for any metadata and microdata extracts for any

combination of countries, censuses, combination of countries, censuses, sub-populations, and variablessub-populations, and variables

Trusted Trusted researcherresearcher

Trusted Trusted researcherresearcher

……..

IPUMS-International microdata extract systemIPUMS-International microdata extract systemTrusted researcher downloads customized extracts Trusted researcher downloads customized extracts

NSI entrusts NSI entrusts census metadata census metadata and anonymized and anonymized

microdata to microdata to MPCMPC

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1.1. Conditions of access to census microdata are the same for all Conditions of access to census microdata are the same for all countries and users (registration required, free of cost).countries and users (registration required, free of cost).

2.2. Statistical confidentiality and security – disclosure controls, Statistical confidentiality and security – disclosure controls, access restricted to researchersaccess restricted to researchers

3.3. Integration/harmonization – census microdata and metadataIntegration/harmonization – census microdata and metadata E.g.: migration since birth, last 1/5/10 years, previous residenceE.g.: migration since birth, last 1/5/10 years, previous residence

4.4. Dissemination – custom tailored extracts: country(ies), Dissemination – custom tailored extracts: country(ies), census(es), sub-populations, variables, sample density, census(es), sub-populations, variables, sample density, metadata – all are customizable by the researchermetadata – all are customizable by the researcher

5.5. Sharing - Sharing - Microdata with national statistical office partnersMicrodata with national statistical office partners Research results with other researchers, NSOs, etc.Research results with other researchers, NSOs, etc.

How IPUMS-International adds value to census microdataHow IPUMS-International adds value to census microdata

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A.A. Introduction: Introduction: IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated

samplessamples How IPUMSI adds value to microdataHow IPUMSI adds value to microdata

B. Migration analysis using integrated microdataB. Migration analysis using integrated microdata Published examples: many countries, onePublished examples: many countries, one Topics of migration analysisTopics of migration analysis

C. C. How integration worksHow integration works Integrated variables names and codesIntegrated variables names and codes Integrated metadata: comparability and codesIntegrated metadata: comparability and codes

D. Invitations:D. Invitations: NSOs: participate in IPUMSINSOs: participate in IPUMSI Researchers: download and analyze samplesResearchers: download and analyze samples

Outline Outline of presentationof presentation

Docquier, Defoort and Beine. World Development, April 2011:523–532Docquier, Defoort and Beine. World Development, April 2011:523–532

Applied research example: Applied research example: Brain drain may lead to brain gainBrain drain may lead to brain gain

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“Urban Services and Child Migration to the Slums of Nairobi”World Development. Volume 40, Issue 9, September 2012, Pages 1854–1869Caroline S. Archambault. Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsJoost de Laat. World Bank, Washington, USAEliya Msiyaphazi Zulu. African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP).

Policy finding: Migrants have lots of young children needing servicesPolicy finding: Migrants have lots of young children needing services

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Internal migration 41Internal migration 41 International migration International migration 5656 Single country Single country 4444 Global/Developing/OECDGlobal/Developing/OECD 38 38 Topics:Topics:

Brain drainBrain drain 5 5 Human capitalHuman capital 22 22 Stocks and flowsStocks and flows 21 21

Example citations:Example citations: Docquier, Frédéric, Çaglar Özden, Christopher Parsons, Erhan Docquier, Frédéric, Çaglar Özden, Christopher Parsons, Erhan

Artuc. 2012. “A Global Assessment of Human Capital Mobility: the Artuc. 2012. “A Global Assessment of Human Capital Mobility: the Role of non-OECD Destinations.”Role of non-OECD Destinations.”

Sander, Nikola, Jana Vobecka. 2012. Sander, Nikola, Jana Vobecka. 2012. “A Cross-National “A Cross-National Comparison of the Spatial Structure of Internal Migration by Level Comparison of the Spatial Structure of Internal Migration by Level of Educational Attainment.”of Educational Attainment.”

IPUMS-International registered citations , Total = 600+IPUMS-International registered citations , Total = 600+“Migration” = 97“Migration” = 97

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International and internal migrationInternational and internal migrationLifetime migration – birthplaceLifetime migration – birthplaceMigration during past 1, 5 or 10 yearsMigration during past 1, 5 or 10 yearsPeriod migration – previous residencePeriod migration – previous residenceReturn migration – birthplace and previous residenceReturn migration – birthplace and previous residenceComparison of migrants to non-migrants in receiving areaComparison of migrants to non-migrants in receiving area demography, occupation, education, housing, assetsdemography, occupation, education, housing, assetsComparison of migrants to non-migrants from sending areaComparison of migrants to non-migrants from sending areaMigrant living arrangements – family structureMigrant living arrangements – family structureMigrant access to services – electricity, plumbingMigrant access to services – electricity, plumbingSecond generation – native-born children of migrantsSecond generation – native-born children of migrantsIntermarriage native and non-nativeIntermarriage native and non-nativeContextual effects – e.g., local migrant concentrationContextual effects – e.g., local migrant concentration

Topics of Migration ResearchTopics of Migration Research

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Outline Outline of presentationof presentation

A.A. Introduction: Introduction: IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated

samplessamples How IPUMSI adds value to microdataHow IPUMSI adds value to microdata

B. Migration analysis using integrated microdataB. Migration analysis using integrated microdata Published examples: many countries, onePublished examples: many countries, one Topics of migration analysisTopics of migration analysis

C. How integration worksC. How integration works Integrated variables names and codesIntegrated variables names and codes Integrated metadata: comparability and codesIntegrated metadata: comparability and codes

D. D. Invitations:Invitations: NSOs: participate in IPUMSINSOs: participate in IPUMSI Researchers: download and analyze samplesResearchers: download and analyze samples

VariableVariable No.No. Internal migrationInternal migrationPlace of residence 1/5/10 years agoPlace of residence 1/5/10 years ago 113113Place of previous residencePlace of previous residence 67 67Years residing in current localityYears residing in current locality 71 71Reason for migrationReason for migration 22 22Major administrative division of birthMajor administrative division of birth 145145 International migrationInternational migrationCountry of residence 1/5 years agoCountry of residence 1/5 years ago 55 55Country of previous residenceCountry of previous residence 41 41NativityNativity 175175Country of birthCountry of birth 130130Citizenship statusCitizenship status 111111Country of CitizenshipCountry of Citizenship 76 76Year of immigrationYear of immigration 46 46

Integrated migration variables (IPUMS-International)

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Table 1. 14 Migration variables for census samples integrated into IPUMS-International of 16 selected countriescountry AMBY CA FR DE HU IE IT KG NL RO ES CH TR UK US

recent census year (19xx, 20xx) 01 99 01 06 87 01 06 01 09 01 02 01 00 00 01 10internal migration

Migration status: previous residence, 1, 5 or 10 years P P 1+55 . . 1 1 . 1 P P+105 . 1 1Residence: previous, 1, 5, 10 years ago - 1st administrative level

P P 1+5. . . 1 . . . P P+10. . 1 1

Place of Birth, Administrative Level 1 X X X . . . X . X . X X . X . XRegion of birth, Europe, NUTS1 . . . . . . X . . . X X X . . .Years residing in current locality/dwelling X X . X . . . . X . X X . . . XReason for migration . . . . . . . . X . . . . . . .Forced migration X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

international migrationNativity status X X X X . . X X X X X X X X X XCountry of birth . . X X . . X X X . X X . . X XCountry of residence: previous, 1, 10 years ago P P . . . . P+1P . . . 10 . . . 1Citizenship X X X X X X X X X X X X X X . XCountry of citizenship . X X X X . X X . . . X X . . .Year of immigration . . X X . . X X . . . X . . . XYears since immigrated . . X X . . . X . . . X . . . X source: https://international.ipums.org/international-action/variables/group/nativ and …/group/mig

14 Integrated migration variables 14 Integrated migration variables for 16 selected countriesfor 16 selected countries

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Example of integrated variable: NativityExample of integrated variable: NativityComparability (click tabs for other metadata)Comparability (click tabs for other metadata)

See: https://international.ipums.org/international-action/variables/NATIVTY#comparability_sectionSee: https://international.ipums.org/international-action/variables/NATIVTY#comparability_section

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Example of integrated variable: NativityExample of integrated variable: NativityCodes (case-count view aids in constructing extracts)Codes (case-count view aids in constructing extracts)

Outline Outline of presentationof presentation

A.A. Introduction: Introduction: IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated

samplessamples How IPUMSI adds value to microdataHow IPUMSI adds value to microdata

B. Migration analysis using integrated microdataB. Migration analysis using integrated microdata Published examples: many countries, onePublished examples: many countries, one Topics of migration analysisTopics of migration analysis

C. How integration worksC. How integration works Integrated variables names and codesIntegrated variables names and codes Integrated metadata: comparability and codesIntegrated metadata: comparability and codes

D. Invitations to:D. Invitations to: NSOs: participate in IPUMSINSOs: participate in IPUMSI Researchers: download and analyze microdataResearchers: download and analyze microdata

» Invitation to participate Invitation to participate » Uniform Memorandum of Understanding for each partnerUniform Memorandum of Understanding for each partner

» IPUMSI does the integration work—both microdata and metadata IPUMSI does the integration work—both microdata and metadata

» IPUMSI is responsible for dissemination approvals and monitoringIPUMSI is responsible for dissemination approvals and monitoring

» BenefitsBenefits» Use census microdata for policy planning and scientific researchUse census microdata for policy planning and scientific research

» Plan with dependable, meaningful data to improve the common good Plan with dependable, meaningful data to improve the common good

» Promote the census as a national, scientific enterprise above politics, Promote the census as a national, scientific enterprise above politics, region, religion or sectarianismregion, religion or sectarianism

» Build statistical capacity for technical staffBuild statistical capacity for technical staff

» Swell national prideSwell national pride

» Blame IPUMSI when something bad happensBlame IPUMSI when something bad happens

» Researchers: register and download the data as needs requireResearchers: register and download the data as needs require

Conclusion: Invitation to participateConclusion: Invitation to participatehelp make census microdata universalhelp make census microdata universal

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The end.The end.Thank youThank you

A.A. Introduction: Introduction: IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated

samplessamples How IPUMSI adds value to microdataHow IPUMSI adds value to microdata

B. Migration analysis using integrated microdataB. Migration analysis using integrated microdata Published examples: many countries, onePublished examples: many countries, one Topics of migration analysisTopics of migration analysis

C. How integration worksC. How integration works Integrated variables names and codesIntegrated variables names and codes Integrated metadata: comparability and codesIntegrated metadata: comparability and codes

D. Invitations:D. Invitations: NSOs: participate in IPUMSINSOs: participate in IPUMSI Researchers: download and analyze samplesResearchers: download and analyze samples