insurgent citizens kyle, leoni, ashley, and catherine
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Insurgent CitizensInsurgent Citizens
Kyle, Leoni, Ashley, and CatherineKyle, Leoni, Ashley, and Catherine
What is Insurgent Citizenship?What is Insurgent Citizenship?
Insurgency: an uprising against constituted authority.
Citizenship: a measure of differences and means of distancing people from another.
Insurgency: an uprising against constituted authority.
Citizenship: a measure of differences and means of distancing people from another.
What is Insurgent Citizenship?What is Insurgent Citizenship?
Examples of a movement: Sudan Liberation Movements
Examples of a movement: Sudan Liberation Movements
What is Insurgent Citizenship?What is Insurgent Citizenship?
Creation of Insurgent Citizens (Kyle)
Creation of Insurgent Citizens (Kyle)
Social Factors Economic Factors Political Factors
Social Factors Economic Factors Political Factors
Economics FactorsEconomics Factors
Economic opportunities lead to a massive influx of rural migrants, which creates overcrowding.
Export-oriented nature of the Brazilian economy does not lead to the rise of organized labor, instead, masses of unskilled workers.
High wealth inequality in Brazilian society.
Economic opportunities lead to a massive influx of rural migrants, which creates overcrowding.
Export-oriented nature of the Brazilian economy does not lead to the rise of organized labor, instead, masses of unskilled workers.
High wealth inequality in Brazilian society.
Political FactorsPolitical Factors
Urban development programs compound economic roots of overcrowding to entice more rural out-migration.
Relative lack of urban planning contributes to the concentration of the poor in the favelas.
“Democratization” of social struggles, post-1985 Rise of Lula and the Workers Party
Urban development programs compound economic roots of overcrowding to entice more rural out-migration.
Relative lack of urban planning contributes to the concentration of the poor in the favelas.
“Democratization” of social struggles, post-1985 Rise of Lula and the Workers Party
Social FactorsSocial Factors
Religious groups- the Catholic Church and evangelical movements. Latifundios, inequality of land ownership and the rise of the Movimiento
Sem Terra (MST) Increasingly youthful demographics Urban crime.
Religious groups- the Catholic Church and evangelical movements. Latifundios, inequality of land ownership and the rise of the Movimiento
Sem Terra (MST) Increasingly youthful demographics Urban crime.
Methods of action/ mobilization insurgent
citizens engage in
Methods of action/ mobilization insurgent
citizens engage in
Founding MobilizationsFounding Mobilizations
Taken from assessments of insurgents in Brazil, scholars have found their mobilizations have developed not primarily through struggles of labor but through those of the city--particularly illegal residence, house building, and land conflict.
Taken from assessments of insurgents in Brazil, scholars have found their mobilizations have developed not primarily through struggles of labor but through those of the city--particularly illegal residence, house building, and land conflict.
What does this mean?What does this mean? Mostly rural area has become mostly urban Simultaneously, we live in an era of unprecedented global democratization during which
the number of electoral democracies has doubled since 1970, increasing in just 30 years from 33 to 63 % of the world's sovereign states.
combined developments in particular places produce a remarkably similar condition worldwide: most city people live in impoverished urban peripheries in various conditions of illegal and irregular residence, around urban centers that benefit from their services and their poverty.
Yet this new urbanism also generates a characteristic response worldwide: precisely in these peripheries, residents organize movements of insurgent citizenship to confront the entrenched regimes of citizen inequality that the urban centers use to segregate them.
Mostly rural area has become mostly urban Simultaneously, we live in an era of unprecedented global democratization during which
the number of electoral democracies has doubled since 1970, increasing in just 30 years from 33 to 63 % of the world's sovereign states.
combined developments in particular places produce a remarkably similar condition worldwide: most city people live in impoverished urban peripheries in various conditions of illegal and irregular residence, around urban centers that benefit from their services and their poverty.
Yet this new urbanism also generates a characteristic response worldwide: precisely in these peripheries, residents organize movements of insurgent citizenship to confront the entrenched regimes of citizen inequality that the urban centers use to segregate them.
What actions do insurgents participate in?
What actions do insurgents participate in?
Conflict/violence Autoconstruction Protests Petition
Conflict/violence Autoconstruction Protests Petition
What do they wish to achieve?What do they wish to achieve?
Change urbanization of their
neighborhoods, forcing the state to provide infrastructure and access to health services, schools, and child care
Equal rights/voice against elites
Representation
Change urbanization of their
neighborhoods, forcing the state to provide infrastructure and access to health services, schools, and child care
Equal rights/voice against elites
Representation
Insurgent Citizens’ PowerInsurgent Citizens’ Power
Power of the insurgent movement is based on the size of the movement
The more cohesive the movement, the better chance they have at gaining social change
Power of the insurgent movement is based on the size of the movement
The more cohesive the movement, the better chance they have at gaining social change
More influential than institutional reforms?
More influential than institutional reforms?
There are many examples of insurgent citizens changing the climate of the favela
Rio de Janiero is an example in the fight against corrupt police and gangs
There are many examples of insurgent citizens changing the climate of the favela
Rio de Janiero is an example in the fight against corrupt police and gangs
Still a long road ahead…Still a long road ahead…
Conditions in the favelas in Brazil are still in poor conditions and the citizens (even when they turn “insurgent”) do not have the same privileges as those in the urban centers of the cities
Success is still very minor in gaining full rights
Conditions in the favelas in Brazil are still in poor conditions and the citizens (even when they turn “insurgent”) do not have the same privileges as those in the urban centers of the cities
Success is still very minor in gaining full rights
Taking the past and forming a new future
Taking the past and forming a new future
In the case of Sao Paulo, insurgent citizens take the past oppression of being forced to the outskirts of the urban area and produce a future with a new type of citizenry
Thus, the status quo of the urban residents is changing with the emergence of insurgent citizens
In the case of Sao Paulo, insurgent citizens take the past oppression of being forced to the outskirts of the urban area and produce a future with a new type of citizenry
Thus, the status quo of the urban residents is changing with the emergence of insurgent citizens
QuestionsQuestions
Why might insurgent citizens be more active in Brazil than the United States?
Over time, some insurgents have tried different approaches in order to attempt to obtain change; rather than partaking in violence/conflict, they have tried peaceful protests and petitions and have generated legal framework yet still no change has occurred – what method do you think gains more of an audience for the cause?
Do you think insurgent citizens can truly change the status quo and bring about social changes to the favelas in Brazil?
Why might insurgent citizens be more active in Brazil than the United States?
Over time, some insurgents have tried different approaches in order to attempt to obtain change; rather than partaking in violence/conflict, they have tried peaceful protests and petitions and have generated legal framework yet still no change has occurred – what method do you think gains more of an audience for the cause?
Do you think insurgent citizens can truly change the status quo and bring about social changes to the favelas in Brazil?