insulation 2

7/29/2019 Insulation 2

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INSULATION


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Building insulation refers broadly to any object in a

building used as insulation for any purpose. While the

majority of insulation in buildings is for (1)thermal purposes,the term also applies to (2) acoustic insulation, (3) fire

insulation, and (4)impact insulation.

Thermal insulation can refer to materials used toreduce the rate of heat transfer, or the methods and

processes used to reduce heat transfer.

Heat orthermal conduction is the

spontaneous transfer of thermal energy through

matter to equalize temperature differences. It is also

described as heat energy transferred from one

material to another by direct contact.


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Convection in the most general

terms refers to the movement of

molecules within fluids


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Radiation, as used in physics, is energy in the form of

waves or moving subatomic particles emitted by an atom

or other body as it changes from a higher energy state toa lower energy state.

Ionizing radiation has

enough energy to ionize

atoms or moleculeswhile non-ionizing

radiation does not.

Radioactive materialis

a physical material thatemits ionizing radiation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:RadiationPenetration2-pn.png


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The standard comfortable temperature of

insulation required to keep a resting person

warm in a windless room is at 70 F (21.1 C).

In addition to environmental conditions, thermal

comfort depends on the clothing and activity level of

a person.

The amount of clothing is measured against a

standard amount that is roughly equivalent to a

typical business suit, shirt, and undergarments.

Activity level is compared to being seated

quietly, such as in a classroom.


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TYPES OF INSULATION


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Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation

A two component mixture comes together at the tip of a

gun, and forms an expanding foam that is sprayed onto

concrete slabs, into wall cavities of an unfinished wall,

against the interior side of sheathing, or through holes

drilled in sheathing or drywall into the wall cavity of a

finished wall.

sometimes also called

Foamed-In-Place

Insulation


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Rigid panels/Insulation

Rigid panel insulation is made from fibrous materials(fiberglass, rock and slag wool) or from plastic foam.

They are sometimes sold in sections designed to fit

tightly in standard wall cavities.


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Insulated Concrete Forms

ICFs are hollow, light-

weight "stay in place"

forms made of two

Expanded Polystyrene

(EPS) panels which areconnected by

polypropylene webs.

During construction, the

forms are stacked to thedesired height then filled

with concrete making

stable, durable and

sustainable walls.


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Structural insulated panels

Structural insulated panels (SIPs), also called stressed-skin walls, use the same concept as in foam-core external

doors, but extend the concept to the entire house. They

can be used for ceilings, floors, walls, and roofs.

The panels usuallyconsist of plywood,

OSB, sandwiched

around a core of

expanded polystyrene,polyurethane,

polyisocyanurate,

compressed wheat

straw, or epoxy.


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Oriented strand board, (OSB) orSterling board (UK),

is an engineered wood product formed by layering

strands (flakes) of wood in specific orientations.


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made from fibrous materials like mineral wool, wood

fiber, cotton fiber or animal hair and manufactured to form

a mat with thickness of 4 .

Some installed with vinyl cardboard or wire mesh and is

stapled to sides and edges of studs and joists.

Blanket Insulation


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Batt Insulation

Batts are precut, whereas

blankets are available incontinuous rolls.


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Fiberglassis a material made from extremely

fine fibers of glass. Made from

molten glass, usually with 20% to

30% recycled industrial waste andpost-consumer content.

Rock and slag wool. Usually

made from rock (basalt, diabase)

or iron ore blast furnace slag.

Some rock wool contains recycled

glass. Nonflammable.

Components of Batt and Blanket Insulation


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Rock and slag wool


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Loose Fill

b. Granular Insulationfrom expanded

minerals like perlite,

vermiculite or ground

vegetable matter.

a. Fibrous Type from mineral wool rock, glass wool,

slag wool or vegetable fiber usually of wood fiber.

Cellulose is 100% natural and 75-85% of it is made

from recycled newsprint.


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Reflective Insulation

Consists of 2 layers of 99% aluminum foil laminated to theoutsides of 2 sheets of heavy-duty polyethylene air-bubble

cushioning.


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Corrugated Insulation

from paper formed into shapes that produced enclosed

air pockets into small regular semi circularcorrugations and covering both sides with sheet of flat

paper to give strength and produce the air pockets.


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is any means ofreducing the intensity of

sound with respect to a

specified source and

receptor.

Sound Insulation (Soundproofing)

Soundproofing affects sound

in two different ways:

noise reduction and noise

absorption.


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Fire Insulation (Fireproofing)

refers to the act of

making materials or structuresmore resistant to fire, or to

those materials themselves, or

the act of applying such

materials.

Example of spray fireproofing, using

a gypsum based plaster in a low-rise

industrial building.

The plaster provides a layerof insulation to retard heat flow into

structural steel elements, that would

otherwise lose their strength and

collapse in an accidental fire.

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