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Instrumentation ProgramInstrumentation Programand forward lookand forward look

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NOVA instrumentation NOVA instrumentation

programprogramoverview overview

Research and instrumentation are interlinked parts of the NOVA program entitled Unravelling the history of the Universe: the life-cycle of stars and galaxies

The ambition is to stay at the forefront of worldwide astronomy

Because many discoveries are driven by new observational capabilities, astronomers in the Netherlands need access to state-of-the-art observing facilities covering the entire electro-magnetic spectrum, and beyond

NOVA’s strategy is to take part in the design and construction of auxiliary instruments for international facilities including ESO’s VLT and VLTI, ALMA, JWST, LOFAR and in the future E-ELT.

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Access to observing Access to observing capabilities capabilities

Through national membership astronomers in the Netherlands have access to the observing facilities provided by ESA (Herschel,

XMM-Newton, HST) and ESO (VLT, VLTI, VST, VISTA, APEX, ALMA)

The national funding agency NWO, through its division of Physical Sciences, provides access to the telescopes of the Isaac Newton Group (ING) on La Palma, and to the JCMT (and e-SMA) on Hawaii

ASTRON operates the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) and soon also LOFAR

On ad hoc basis multi disciplinary collaborations provide access to non electro-magnetic “signals” from the Universe

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National priorities to participate in National priorities to participate in next generation large facilitiesnext generation large facilities

In random order

Assure LOFAR will be success for research in astronomy; pro-active role in preparations for SKA: ASTRON, with NOVA astronomers and industry

Major contribution to a X-ray instrument on board of ESA’s IXO mission and/or far-IR instrument (Safari) on Jananese-European mission SPICA: SRON, with NOVA astronomers and industry

Get involved in the European ELT through ESO; pro-active role in design and construction of an E-ELT instrument: NOVA, ASTRON, SRON and industry

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NOVA strategyNOVA strategy NOVA acts as national home base for ESO

– For this task NOVA funding needs to be extended beyond 2013 for a period of at least 10 years.

– Permanent status is more in line with other organizations in the Netherlands with similar tasks (ESA, CERN, radio astronomy), or with practice in other ESO member states

Design and construct instruments for facilities operated by ESO together with– international partners on scientific objectives, instrument concepts and high-

level division of work– national partners (ASTRON, SRON, TNO, technical universities and industry)

on technical R&D and implementation of the NL work packages– have the core project team “in house” (NOVA astronomers plus Optical-IR

instrumentation group) and outsource tasks where possible– invest in technical R&D for future instrumentation

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NOVA strategy -2NOVA strategy -2 For good scientific reasons NOVA was involved in several

instrumentation projects that have no link with ESO– Pulsar backend for WSRT (vdKlis, PuMa completed in 2005)– MIRI spectrometer for JWST (vDishoeck, on going)– LOFAR-DCLA (Röttgering, on going)– Gaia – pipeline software for photometry (Brown, on going)

This will also continue is the future– S5T (Keller/Snik)– AMUSE (Portegies Zwart)– Seed funding

Auger-radio (Falcke) CTA-studies (Markoff/Vink) SKA-design (vdHulst)

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NOVA instrumentation NOVA instrumentation programprogram

from strategy to implementationfrom strategy to implementation Build key instruments with research objectives in mind

– Capitalize on Dutch investments in world-class facilities– Provides priority access/influence on future developments (ESO, ESA)

– Main focus on European Southern Observatory

Strengthen technical expertise at the universities– In collaboration with (inter)national technical institutes– Hands-on experience of existing and new staff– Training of new generation of instrumentalists

Active oversight by Instrument Steering Committee– National and international experts– Projects on track, ~on budget, and ~on schedule

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Criteria for instrumentation projectsCriteria for instrumentation projects

Challenging science goal that fits in NL context Increases instrument expertise at NOVA institutes Technical and managerial feasibility Solid financial basis, including allocated NOVA funding Attractive NL role in design and construction PI employed by one of the NOVA institutes

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Examples NOVA contributionsExamples NOVA contributions to world-leading facilities to world-leading facilities

Mid-infrared spectrometer for MIRI @ JWST (2002-2009)

• Assure the mid-IR spectroscopic capabilities (5-28 µm, integral field)

• USA – European partnership• Europe: consortium of 9 countries + ESA, led by G. Wright

ALMA Band-9 receivers 1999-2012

• Assure ALMA gets state-of-the-art high-frequency receivers

• NOVA invested 1 M€ in pre-design + knowledge transfer from SRON resulted in ~15 M€ contracts with ESO

• Series production of up to 73 copies!• At present 30 cartridges are completed!• Spin-off: detectors for CHAMP+ @ APEX

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Summary of program 2003 - 2009Summary of program 2003 - 2009

investment (M€)

ESO 8.5– VLT, VLTI, VST, E-ELT preparation

ALMA Band-9 9.9

Space projects 7.5 – JWST-MIRI cold optical bench– Gaia photometric software

Other projects, including 3.2– WSRT PuMaII (pulsar digital backend)– Set-ups for Sackler Laboratory for Astrophyscis– LOFAR DCLA

Seed funding / new initiatives 0.8

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NOVA versus external funding NOVA versus external funding NOVA+universities fund ~40% of costs NOVA+universities fund ~40% of costs

instrumentation programinstrumentation program In order to get external funding (through In order to get external funding (through

competitive peer review process) start-competitive peer review process) start-up funds are needed for early design, up funds are needed for early design, feasibility studies, and prototyping of feasibility studies, and prototyping of high-risk componentshigh-risk components

In many cases NOVA funded project In many cases NOVA funded project start-up or mandatory matching (MIRI, start-up or mandatory matching (MIRI, ALMA Band-9, X-Shooter, SPHERE, ALMA Band-9, X-Shooter, SPHERE, LOFAR-DCLA). Without these funds LOFAR-DCLA). Without these funds university astronomers would have university astronomers would have much more difficulty to join projectsmuch more difficulty to join projects

Without continuation of NOVA funding Without continuation of NOVA funding > 2013 the university instrumentation > 2013 the university instrumentation program will significantly reduceprogram will significantly reduce

Funding origin for NOVA instrumentation program 2003 - 2009

Universities

NOVA

NWO

ESO

EC

Other

Instrumentation projects Costs External Instrumentation projects Costs ExternalALMA ESO: VLT, VLTI, VSTALMA Band-9 R&D 125 0% VLTI: NEVEC, MIDI 623 3%ALMA Band-9 prototype 4,164 100% VLTI: Matisse 141 0%ALMA Band-9 production 4,283 100% VLT: Sinfoni 869 0%ALMA R&D upgrade 431 18% VLT: X-Shooter 2,286 41%ALMA ALLEGRO 254 0% VLT: MUSE + ASSIST 1,442 5%CHAMP+ 628 100% VLT: Sphere-Zimpol 556 20%Subtotal ALMA projects 9,885 VST: OmegaCAM/CEN 1,448 0%

E-ELT: Phase-A studies 1,128 15%Other projects Subtotal ESO: Op-IR instrum. 8,493WSRT: PuMa II 843 0%LOFAR DCLA 1,074 a Space projects

Laboratory Astrophysics/Matri2ces 765 a JWST: MIRI cold optical bench 7,273 76%DOT 219 a Gaia photometric software 217 a S5T 150 a Subtotal space projects 7,490Amuse 109 0%New initiatives/seed funding 823 0% Total instrumentation projects 29,851Subtotal other projects 3,983

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Some characteristicsSome characteristics All NOVA projects for ESO or ESA facilities are collaborations with

typically 4-6 international partners Each partner designs and constructs sub-part of the instrument: examples

are– SINFONI (integral field near-IR spectrometer): 2k camera (NL-PI: vdWerf)– SPHERE (planet finder for VLT): Swiss (PI) and Dutch (co-PI: Waters) together

provide the imaging polarimeter– X-Shooter (0.3–2.5 µm spectrometer): NL contributed the near-IR

spectrometric arm (NL co-PI: Kaper)

Project management procedures under ESO or ESA regime including, PDR, FDR and sometimes manufacturing readiness reviews, regular progress meetings, monthly written progress report. Details depend on project size and complexity

Hardware design and manufacturing through NOVA-ASTRON Optical-IR instrumentation group with NOVA astronomer as national project PI

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Optical-IR instrumentation Optical-IR instrumentation groupgroup

Since 1st Jan 2008 the group works under NOVA leadership and responsibility

Group is hosted at ASTRON in Dwingeloo; staff is employed by NWO.

Heritage: contributions to ESO VLT and VLTI instruments (VISIR, MIDI, SINFONI, X-Shooter, SPHERE-Zimpol), to MIRI on JWST; participation in four Phase-A studies for E-ELT instruments

Current contractual arrangements between NOVA-ASTRON-NWO run for four years (ending 31 Dec 2011); extention for additional 5-7 years is orally agreed. Head of the group: Navarro

On the longer term NOVA plans to move the group to an university campus site that secures strong interactions with astronomers and allows for strategic collaboration with SRON

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European Extremely Large European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT)Telescope (E-ELT)

NOVA objective is to participate in design and construction of instrumentation for E-ELT

– E-ELT will enable transformational science– Modest investment in instruments allows influence on decisions

that determine scientific capabilities– Instrument contributions will result in guaranteed observing time

and early access to science harvest

Part of the funding secured through national ESFRI grant of 18.8 M€. Continuation of the NOVA Grant >2013 is a must to implement the ambition to become international PI for one of the E-ELT instruments.

E-ELT instrumentation projects will be carried out in collaboration with international partners.

National involvement is led by NOVA and with contributions from technological institutes, three technical Universities and industry

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The E-ELT projectThe E-ELT project A project led by ESO on behalf of 14 member states and in collaboration

with the European astronomical community 42m adaptive telescope, segmented primary mirror

– Will enable transformational science– 25x increase in collecting area compared to present generation– 5x improvement in angular resolution

Schedule:– Detailed Phase-B design phase: Jan 2007 – Jun 2010– ESO Council decision for approval planned for Dec 2010– First light: 2018

Cost:– Telescope, including 1st hardware generation instruments: ~1050 M€– Operations: 50 M€/year

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NOVA strategy for E-ELT Provide political support to ESO and the national ESO council

members to prepare a go-ahead decision on the E-ELT under leadership of ESO;

NOVA’s prime interest is on the science and the scientific instruments;

On the longer term the aim of NOVA is to participate in two E-ELT instruments– In one as a major or leading partner (40% share)– In another one as minor partner (20% share)

NOVA has largely secured the required funding for the participation in the E-ELT instrumentation program.

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E-ELT Phase-A studiesE-ELT Phase-A studies NOVA particpated in four Phase-A studies for E-ELT

instruments (all completed by 1st April 2010): METIS – mid-IR imager and spectrometer

European+NL PI: Bernhard Brandl MICADO – wide-field imager

NL PI: Koen Kuijken EPICS – exo-planet finder

NL PI: Christoph Keller OPTIMOS-EVE – optical to infrared multi-object spectrometer: extreme

visual explorer European co-PI: Lex Kaper; NL-PI: Paul Groot

Expectation is that ESO will have a short list of 1st generation E-ELT instruments by June 2010.

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Optical-IR and E-ELT forward lookOptical-IR and E-ELT forward lookon programon program

Program (2010-2018) includes– Completion of E-ELT Phase-A studies + follow-up– SPHERE-Zimpol (completed by early 2011)– MATISSE cold optical bench (up to mid-2014; 20 fte)– Technical R&D to further prepare for E-ELT

Feasibility study for use of sorption coolers Advanced chopper technology for METIS EPICS related studies: polarimetry of segmented mirrors,

demodulating detector, extreme AO control, system engineering

– PI role in one E-ELT instrument (~80 fte; 4 M€ hardware)– Maybe partner role in a second E-ELT instrument

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Optical-IR and E-ELT forward lookOptical-IR and E-ELT forward lookon fundingon funding

Budget needs for 2010-2018Budget needs for 2010-2018– StaffStaff

Op-IR instr group + outsourcing (140 sy)Op-IR instr group + outsourcing (140 sy) 15.8 M€15.8 M€ Support international PI (25 sy)Support international PI (25 sy) 2.8 2.8

– Hardware, travel Hardware, travel (excl ESO and partners contribution) (excl ESO and partners contribution) 5.0 5.0

– Inflation Inflation (assumption)(assumption) 2.4 2.4

– ContingencyContingency 4.0 4.0

TOTALTOTAL 30.0 30.0 M€M€

2020

Optical-IR and E-ELT forward lookOptical-IR and E-ELT forward lookon fundingon funding

Budget needs for 2010-2018Budget needs for 2010-2018– StaffStaff

Op-IR instr group + outsourcing (140 sy)Op-IR instr group + outsourcing (140 sy) 15.8 M€15.8 M€ Support international PI (25 sy)Support international PI (25 sy) 2.8 2.8

– Hardware Hardware (excl ESO and partners contribution)(excl ESO and partners contribution) 5.0 5.0– Inflation Inflation (assumption)(assumption) 2.4 2.4– ContingencyContingency 4.0 4.0

TOTALTOTAL 30.0 M€30.0 M€ Available resourcesAvailable resources

– NOVA Phase-3 (2010-2013)NOVA Phase-3 (2010-2013) 4 M€ 4 M€– ESFRI grantESFRI grant 1414– NOVA Phase-4 (2014-2018)NOVA Phase-4 (2014-2018) 5 5– Request to NWO-EWRequest to NWO-EW 2 2– Future NWO-large grant proposalFuture NWO-large grant proposal 5 5– TOTALTOTAL 30 M€30 M€

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Conclusions Conclusions

The NOVA Grant is an important ingredient in the The NOVA Grant is an important ingredient in the strengthening of interuniversity collaborations, and key in strengthening of interuniversity collaborations, and key in undertaking challenging instrumentation projects for highly undertaking challenging instrumentation projects for highly visibly observatories like VLT, ALMA, and JWSTvisibly observatories like VLT, ALMA, and JWST

Continuation of the NOVA Grant beyond 2013 is essential to Continuation of the NOVA Grant beyond 2013 is essential to maintain NOVA’s instrumentation program at current maintain NOVA’s instrumentation program at current international level and to take-on the PI-role in one of the 1international level and to take-on the PI-role in one of the 1stst generation E-ELT instrumentsgeneration E-ELT instruments

To be entrusted as instrument PI the NOVA position must be To be entrusted as instrument PI the NOVA position must be secure for at least the duration of the project (secure for at least the duration of the project ( request for request for ten year extension)ten year extension)